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山东省威海市文登区2020届高三下学期一轮总复习英语试题
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2020届山东省威海市文登区高三下学期一轮总复习
英语试题
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
TGBWP(the Great Books Winter Program) is an experience like no other in American education. For the past eleven years, TGBWP has gathered outstanding middle and high school students from across the world to read selections from the greatest works of literature, experience college-level lectures, engage in lively discussions and enjoy winter camp fun with other literary-minded students.
Here is a sample of what you will get at Great Books:
Membership in an international community of enthusiastic young learners and distinguished college teachers who read and discuss great books and big ideas. You will discuss the likes of Plato, Mark Twain, Dickens, and Tolstoy with other teens from around the globe who love literature just as much as you do!
Find your voice in the classroom. TGBWP gives students the opportunity to grow academically and socially as they prepare for high school and college. Open discussions encourage students to express themselves and give power to their ideas. Students gain confidence in their ability to read a text closely and express their ideas clearly both orally and in writing.
Experience time away from home and spend it at a top college -- choose from two campus settings: Amherst College in Massachusetts and Stanford University in California. This is the perfect opportunity to preview life on a college campus!
Don’t miss this opportunity to join students from 47 states and 28 countries in this unique learning environment.
Categories
Reading/Writing Arts/Photography/Film Music/Singing/
Dancing Travel/ Touring Academic/Pre-College
Ages
11-18
Type
Overnight/Residential
More information: CLICK HERE
1. What do we know about TGBWP?
A. A course on literacy skills improvement.
B. An education department of universities.
C. A camp suitable for teen literature lovers.
D. A program of studying American literature.
2. What does TGBWP offer its participants according to the text?
A. College-level evaluation in literature.
B. Admissions to world famous universities.
C. Free literature courses and literature works.
D. Chances to experience college life beforehand.
3. Suppose this text is an Ad, what else must be included in “More information”?
A. Contact information. B. Membership benefits.
C. Registration requirements. D. Activity arrangements.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇广告。介绍了TGBWP冬令营活动的有关信息。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的For the past eleven years, TGBWP has gathered outstanding middle and high school students from across the world to read selections from the greatest works of literature, experience college-level lectures, engage in lively discussions and enjoy winter camp fun with other literary-minded students.(在过去的十一年里，TGBWP聚集了来自世界各地的优秀中学生，阅读最伟大的文学作品，体验大学水平的讲座，参与生动的讨论，并与其他有文学头脑的学生一起享受冬令营的乐趣。)因此推断，TGBWP是适合青少年文学爱好者的营地。 故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的TGBWP gives students the opportunity to grow academically and socially as they prepare for high school and college.(当学生为高中和大学做准备时，TGBWP给了他们在学术和社会上成长的机会。)可知，TGBWP给参与者提供提前体验大学生活的经验。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文中的表格可知，表格中包括了活动安排；注册学员的年龄等，因此推断如果是广告，进一步的信息应该是联系方式。B项的会员福利不是广告的必要内容。故选A。
【点睛】文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。（2）语言转述型。（3）语意理解型。（4）是非辨别型。（5）事实排序型。如第2小题，属于细节理解题。根据第四段的TGBWP gives students the opportunity to grow academically and socially as they prepare for high school and college.(当学生为高中和大学做准备时，TGBWP给了他们在学术和社会上成长的机会。)可知，TGBWP给参与者提供提前体验大学生活的经验。故选D。
B
When people think about British music, for the most part they think about the 60s or 70s with the likes of The Beatles and The Rolling Stones or more modern artists like Adele or Ed Sheeran. However, stuck between these two ages was, in my opinion, British music’s best period. The 90s were an optimistic time for Britain and indeed Europe, with the economy recovering from the lows of the 80s and the Cold War ending.
One of the defining features of 90s music was the birth of “Britpop”. This was a style of pop music that aimed to promote “Britishness” and commonly featured electric guitars, drums and male singers. Britpop was the style used by world-famous bands such as Oasis, Blur, Pulp and Suede who became known as “The Big Four”. The summer of 1995 was dominated by the “Battle of Britpop” which was between Blur and Oasis for the number one spot. Eventually, Blur won the battle and Oasis settled for second.
However, the 90s weren’t only for the boys, with major female groups also finding fame, the most well-known of which were “the Spice Girls” who were extremely popular in Britain and around the world. Once again they promoted “Britishness” and had catchy melodies and lyrics, but they also started the “Girl Power” movement which helped empower girls and women worldwide. It isn’t too far to assume that without their music, many female singers and artists who we love today would not have had the confidence to pursue their dream.
British music may have had many great times, however the 90s are often overlooked. Although I was not alive to enjoy the music properly, the 90s had a huge impact on British culture that can be felt today and I feel that the decade should get the recognition it deserves!
4. What can we infer from the first paragraph?
A. The Cold War came to an end in the 80s.
B. Britain’s economy began to pick up in the 90s.
C. The Beatles represented the best British music.
D. Adele is better than Ed Sheeran in modern music.
5. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. Britpop. B. Britishness.
C. The Big Four. D. Battle of Britpop.
6. What’s the most important influence of “the Spice Girls” according to the text?
A. Promoting “Britishness”. B. Empowering girls and women.
C. Creating catchy melodies. D. Finding fame for female groups.
7. The writer thinks the impact of the 90s music on British culture is ________.
A. underestimated B. well-recognized
C. fairly evaluated D. reasonably doubted
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. B 7. A
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了英国90年代的音乐。作者认为英国90年代音乐被忽视了，90年代音乐对英国文化产生了巨大的影响，应该得到它应得的认可。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的The 90s were an optimistic time for Britain and indeed Europe, with the economy recovering from the lows of the 80s and the Cold War ending.（对于英国乃至欧洲来说，随着经济从80年代的低谷复苏和冷战结束，90年代是一个乐观的时期。）可知，英国经济在90年代开始复苏。故选B。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段首句One of the defining features of 90s music was the birth of “Britpop”.和下文内容可知，本段主要介绍了90年代音乐的特征英式摇滚的诞生，并介绍了这种流行音乐的盛行，这种音乐旨在促进“英国化”，通常有电吉他、鼓和男歌手。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的However, the 90s weren’t only for the boys, with major female groups also finding fame, the most well-known of which were “the Spice Girls” who were extremely popular in Britain and around the world. Once again they promoted “Britishness” and had catchy melodies and lyrics, but they also started the “Girl Power” movement which helped empower girls and women worldwide. （然而，90年代不仅仅是男孩的，主要的女性群体也找到了荣誉，其中最著名的是“辣妹组合”，他们在英国和世界各地都非常受欢迎。他们再次推断了“英国化”，有着令人着迷的旋律和歌词，他们也发起了“女孩力量”运动，有助于世界各地的女孩和妇女拥有权力。 ）可推断，“辣妹组合”最重要的影响是增强女孩和妇女的力量。故选B。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的British music may have had many great times, however the 90s are often overlooked. 以及下文可知，作者认为英国90年代音乐被忽视了，90年代音乐对英国文化产生了巨大的影响，作者觉得这十年应该得到它应得的认可！ 故选A。
C
America’s first transcontinental railroad, completed 150 years ago today at Promontory Summit in Utah, connected the vast United States and brought America into the modern age. Chinese immigrants contributed greatly to this notable achievement, but the historical accounts that followed often ignored their role.
Between 1863 and 1869, as many as 20,000 Chinese workers helped build the dangerous western part of the railroad, a winding ribbon of track known as the Central Pacific. At first, the Central Pacific Railroad’s directors wanted a whites-only workforce. When not enough white men signed up, the railroad began hiring Chinese men for the backbreaking labor. Company leaders were skeptical of the new recruits’ ability to do the work, but they proved themselves not only capable but even superior to the other workers.
Chinese workers cut through dense forests, filled deep narrow steep-sided valley, constructed long trestles(高架桥) and built enormous retaining walls(防护墙) -- some of which remain complete and undamaged today. All work was done by hand using carts, shovels and picks but no machinery. However, progress came at great cost: an estimated 1,200 Chinese laborers died along the Central Pacific route.
Despite these facts, Chinese workers were often left out of the official story because of their identity of foreigners. On the transcontinental railroad's 100th birthday, the Chinese workers were still not honored. It was another fifty years later that their role was gradually highlighted. To celebrate the railroad’s 150th anniversary in 2019, the California assembly passed a resolution in 2017 to recognize and honor the Chinese railroad workers by designating May 10, 2017, and every May 10 thereafter, as California Chinese Railroad Workers Memorial Day.
8. What might be the best title for the text?
A. The Birth of the Central Pacific Cost Dearly
B. May 10--A Special Day for Chinese Immigrants
C. Chinese Workers’ Contributions Gained Recognition
D. The 150th anniversary of the Central Pacific Railroad
9. What does “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Chinese laborers. B. White workers.
C. Company leaders. D. Railroad directors.
10. Why does the author make such detailed descriptions in Paragraph 3?
A. To prove Chinese workers’ superior skills.
B. To stress the danger and difficulty of the work.
C. To describe the grand scenery along the railroad.
D. To show notable achievements made by Chinese workers.
11. What does the text intend to tell us?
A. None so blind as those who won’t see. B. No pains, no gains.
C. Truth will come to light sooner or later. D. Doing is better than saying.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了中国移民对美国第一条横贯大陆的铁路作出的巨大贡献，但随后的历史叙述忽视他们的作用。但是纸包不住火，最终中国工人做出的贡献得以被认可。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段的Chinese immigrants contributed greatly to this notable achievement, but the historical accounts that followed often ignored their role.以及最后一段的To celebrate the railroad’s 150th anniversary in 2019, the California assembly passed a resolution in 2017 to recognize and honor the Chinese railroad workers by designating May 10, 2017, and every May 10 thereafter, as California Chinese Railroad Workers Memorial Day.最终，中国工人的贡献得以被认可，因此推断，文章主要讲述了中国移民对美国第一条横贯大陆的铁路作出的巨大贡献，但随后的历史叙述忽视他们的作用。但是纸包不住火，最终中国工人做出的贡献得以被认可。因此推断C项“中国工人的贡献得到了认可 ”为最佳标题。故选C。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据上文When not enough white men signed up, the railroad began hiring Chinese men for the backbreaking labor. Company leaders were skeptical of the new recruits’ ability to do the work可知，当没有足够的白人报名时，铁路开始雇用中国男子从事艰苦的劳动。公司领导对新员工的工作能力表示怀疑，因此推断划线句“但他们证明自己不仅有能力，甚至优于其他工人。”中they指代上文提的中国劳动力。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。通读第三段可知，本段主要阐述中国工人穿过茂密的森林，深谷狭窄陡峭，建造了高架桥，建造了巨大的防护墙——其中一些至今仍然完整和无损。没有机械所有的工作都是用手推车、铲子和镐手工完成的。 进展付出了巨大的代价：估计有1200名中国劳工在铁路建设中死亡。因此推断详细描述修建铁路的工作过程是为了强调工作的危险和困难。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的 To celebrate the railroad’s 150th anniversary in 2019, the California assembly passed a resolution in 2017 to recognize and honor the Chinese railroad workers by designating May 10, 2017, and every May 10 thereafter, as California Chinese Railroad Workers Memorial Day.（为了庆祝2019年铁路150周年，加州议会在2017年通过了一项决议，指定2017年5月10日和此后每5月10日为加州中国铁路工人纪念日，以表彰和纪念中国铁路工人。）可推断，尽管历史中国工人对铁路的贡献一直不被认可，但是最终在2017年他们的奉献得以承认。故C项“纸包不住火”是文章要告诉读者的。故选C。
【点睛】标题确定题属深层理解题，它要求考生在通读全文的基础上，认真分析主人公的特定心态、文章大意及作者的写作意图。在此基础上，还应做到概括性、针对性、醒目性的有机结合。
概括性原则：要求标题应在最大程度上覆盖全文，囊括文章的主要内容，体现文章的主题要旨。从全局的角度归纳概括出文章的标题。要防止本末倒置，主次不分，以点代面，以偏概全。
针对性原则：针对性原则是对标题外延的一种界定。即标题的外延既不能太大也不能太小，要量体裁衣，大小适度。
醒目性原则：标题是文章的点睛之笔，是文章的灵魂和门面。标题的好坏往往影响文章的可读性。读者往往从标题上决定文章的阅读取舍，故标题往往比较醒目，甚至比较离奇，目的是为了吸引读者的注意力，唤起读者对文章阅读的兴趣。
如第1小题，根据第一段的Chinese immigrants contributed greatly to this notable achievement, but the historical accounts that followed often ignored their role.提到中国移民对修筑铁路作出了巨大贡献，但随后的历史叙述往往忽视了他们的作用。以及最后一段的To celebrate the railroad’s 150th anniversary in 2019, the California assembly passed a resolution in 2017 to recognize and honor the Chinese railroad workers by designating May 10, 2017, and every May 10 thereafter, as California Chinese Railroad Workers Memorial Day.提到最终，中国工人的贡献得以被认可，因此可推断，文章主要讲述了中国移民对美国第一条横贯大陆的铁路做出的巨大贡献，但随后的历史叙述忽视他们的作用。但是纸包不住火，最终中国工人做出的贡献得以被认可。因此推断C项“中国工人的贡献得到了认可 ”为最佳标题，故选C。
D
Recently, researchers at the University of Toronto figured out a way with a quick video selfie to accurately measure blood pressure with your smartphone’s camera by developing a technology known as transdermal optical imaging (TOI)(透皮光学成像).
Cameras on smartphones can catch red light reflected from hemoglobin (血红素）under our skin, which permits TOI to visualize and measure blood flow changes. Researchers measured the blood pressure of 1,328 Canadian and Chinese adults by getting two-minute videos of their faces on an iPhone. “From the video got by the technology, you can see how the blood flows in different parts of the face and through this flow, you can get a lot of information,” said Kang Lee, lead author of the study.
Lee also helped create an app called Anura, which allows people to try out the TOI software for themselves, giving them the ability to record a 30-second video of their face and receive measurements for stress levels and resting heart rate. Lee said more research was needed to make sure that the measurements were as accurate as possible, explaining that the study didn’t test people with very dark or very fair skin.
“In order to improve our app to make it usable, particularly for people with hypertension (高血压)，we need to collect a lot of data from them, which is very hard because a lot of them are already taking medicine,” Lee explained. “We cannot tell them not to take medicine, but from time to time, we get participants who don’t take medicine so we can get hypertensive people this way.”
The scientists said there were many potential applications of the technology, including providing health services for those who lived in remote areas.
12. What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 2？
A. Information offered by TOI. B. New findings on hypertension.
C. How TOI is put into smart phones. D. How the TOI technology works.
13. What might people benefit from the new technology mentioned above?
A Living a life free from stress. B. Improving the heart function gradually.
C. Accessing health services for free. D. Knowing abnormal blood pressure earlier.
14. What can be done for a better Anura?
A. Equipping phones with better cameras.
B. Allowing phones to record longer videos.
C. Collecting data from more diverse samples.
D. Persuading participants not to take medicine.
15. Why does the author write this text?
A. To predict future applications of TOI.
B. To introduce TOI and an app related.
C. To describe functions of cameras on phones.
D. To evaluate the quality of an app called Anura.
【答案】12. D 13. D 14. C 15. B
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新科技。多伦多大学的研究人员想出了一种快速视频自拍的方法，通过开发一种称为透皮光学成像的技术，用智能手机的相机准确地测量血压。文章还介绍了与之相关的手机应用软件。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段首句Cameras on smartphones can catch red light reflected from hemoglobin (血红素）under our skin, which permits TOI to visualize and measure blood flow changes. 可知，智能手机上的相机可以捕捉从我们皮肤下的血红蛋白反射的红光，这允许透皮光学成像可视化和测量血流变化。因此推断本段主要讲述TOI科技如何起作用的。故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的From the video got by the technology, you can see how the blood flows in different parts of the face and through this flow, you can get a lot of information（从技术获得的视频中，你可以看到血液是如何在面部的不同部位流动的，通过这种流动，你可以得到很多信息）和第三段的giving them the ability to record a 30-second video of their face and receive measurements for stress levels and resting heart rate.（让他们能够记录30秒的面部视频，并收到压力水平和静息心率的测量。）可推断，这项新技术可以让人们较早知道不正常的血压。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的Lee said more research was needed to make sure that the measurements were as accurate as possible, explaining that the study didn’t test people with very dark or very fair skin.（李说，需要更多的研究来确保测量尽可能准确，解释说这项研究没有测试皮肤非常暗或非常白皙的人。）可知，需要收集更多不同的样本才能改进Anura。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，文章主要介绍了一种新科技 TOI ，研究人员想出了一种快速视频自拍的方法，通过开发一种称为透皮光学成像的技术，用智能手机的相机准确地测量血压。接下来介绍了应用这项科技研发出的手机应用。因此推断本文的写作目的是介绍TOI和相关应用程序。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
No-friend eating trend
When you eat lunch in a restaurant you might see many people eating by themselves, watching videos on their phones. _____16_____ Do you worry they’re lonely?
You probably didn’t even notice because you were looking at your own phone. The New York Post says that eating alone with electronic devices is a growing trend among young people around the world.
According to a new survey conducted by OnePoll on behalf of the US-based Highbush Blueberry Council, the average adult eats six meals alone each week and 387 meals each year.
___17___ Maybe not.
“The way we define ‘togetherness’ and what it means to be connected seems to be evolving as technology evolves. Keeping our relationships strong doesn’t always require being together physically,” wrote the report.
Nowadays, many young people spend more time studying and working in competitive environments. _____18_____ Instead, it’s natural to communicate with others through text, email and social media.
Daniela Galarza, from the US, is one of these young people. She told the New York Post that she spent nearly 10 hours on her work every day. She said, “Engaging with my friends and families on social media platforms for about half an hour every day always helps me feel more connected with them. _____19_____”
“Today, ‘togetherness’ is more of a feeling than a physical state, and people get creative to stay connected,” a spokesperson for The Highbush Blueberry Council told the New York Post. “_____20_____”
A. I’m not lonely any more.
B. Do you feel pity for them?
C. Being together all the time is great.
D. Does it mean there are a lot of lonely people?
E. They enjoy eating alone with electronic devices.
F. They have less time to gather and eat with their friends or families.
G. The joy of being together – however you manage it – never changes.
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. F 19. A 20. G
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。介绍了一种日益增长的社会趋势——无朋友进餐。
【16题详解】
空格上文When you eat lunch in a restaurant, you might see many people eating by themselves, watching videos on their phones.阐述当你在餐馆吃午饭时，你可能会看到很多人边看手机视频边自己吃饭。结合下文的问句可推断，B项是一个问句，符合语境，B项“你同情他们吗？”与下文“你担心他们孤独吗？”两个问题引出下文的内容。故选B。
【17题详解】
空格前一段阐述一项新调查表明平均每个成年人每周单独吃六顿饭，每年吃387顿饭。 D项中的“This”指代这种现象，下文的Maybe not，回答D项的问题“它意味着有许多孤独的人吗？”。故选D。
【18题详解】
根据空格上文Nowadays, many young people spend more time studying and working in competitive environments.（现在，许多年轻人花更多的时间在竞争环境中学习和工作。）因此推断他们有更少的时间和他们的朋友或家人聚在一起吃饭。故选F。
【19题详解】
根据空格上文She said, “Engaging with my friends and families on social media platforms for about half an hour every day always helps me feel more connected with them.可知，她说：每天在社交媒体平台上与我的朋友和家人接触大约半个小时总是有助于我感觉与他们更多在一起。因此推断她不孤独。故选A。
【20题详解】
根据空格上文可知，今天，“团结”更多的是一种感觉，而不是一种物质状态，人们有创造力来保持联系，因此推断在一起的快乐——无论你如何管理它——从来不会改变。故选G。
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
We’ve all been there before: You’re driving down the road when suddenly a pothole(凹坑) seems to appear out of nowhere and sends the ___21___ jumping. Most people think potholes are___22___, but artist Jim Bachor sees them as a canvas(画布) for his artwork.
Bachor uses the ___23___ art form of mosaic(马赛克) to create eye-catching, colorful images of famous artists like Aretha Franklin or simple everyday ___24___ like food. He even makes less-appealing visuals of insects.
Bachor was a graphic designer for 20 years before he began his ___25___ in mosaic. He regards an incidental trip to Europe as his motivation to change careers. While ___26___ in Italy, Bachor fell in love with Pompeii, the preserved ancient Roman city. A tour guide pointed out a mosaic, made of mainly glass and marble, and told Bachor, “Glass and marble don’t ___27___. So, this looks essentially the way the artist intended.” Bachor says, “That kind of staying power just ___28___ me so much.”
A year later Bachor returned to attend a mosaic class in Ravenna, Italy, to learn the proper way to ___29___ the ancient technique. Years after that, he mastered the technique. He ___30___ that mosaics can be just as significant today as the art form over 1,000 years ago. “I just saw that there was a(n) ___31___ to bring it into the new age as a contemporary subject,” he says.
So, Bachor decided to make a special piece of ___32___ for that pothole. He has ___33___ mosaic pothole art around Chicago, Detroit, New York City and even in Finland.
While he may not be getting ___34___ from drivers or passengers, Bachor’s art is ___35___ a pleasant surprise to discover.
21. A. body B. rock C. car D. sand
22. A. challenging B. interesting C. discouraging D. annoying
23. A. modern B. ancient C. elegant D. mysterious
24. A. objects B. ideas C. routines D. projects
25. A. duty B. career C. belief D. instruction
26. A. traveling B. living C. working D. studying
27. A. last B. connect C. fade D. resolve
28. A. reminded B. confused C. troubled D. impressed
29. A. introduce B. perform C. promote D. describe
30. A. argued B. imagined C. remembered D. realized
31. A. link B. time C. opportunity D. voice
32. A. artwork B. machinery-work C. code D. literature
33. A. discovered B. created C. improved D. taught
34. A. help B. invitation C. money D. praise
35. A. nearly B. merely C. certainly D. personally
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。坑坑洼洼的路面会给汽车和行人带来很多不便。艺术家巴赫尔突发奇想，把自己的镶嵌艺术作品放到路面上的浅坑里，不仅能给路过的人欣赏，还能起到提醒作用。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们以前都遇到过这种情况：你正开车沿着路行驶时，突然一个凹坑似乎凭空出现，让汽车颠簸跳跃。A. body身体；B. rock岩石；C. car汽车；D. sand沙地。根据上文You’re driving down the road可推断，凹坑让车颠簸跳跃。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大多数人认为坑洞很烦人，但艺术家吉姆·巴赫尔把它们看作是他的艺术品的画布。A. challenging具有挑战性的；B. interesting有趣的；C. discouraging泄气的；气馁的；D. annoying讨厌的。根据下文but artist Jim Bachor sees them as a canvas(画布) for his artwork.可知上下文是转折关系，艺术家巴赫尔把坑洞看作他的画布，相对的大多数人认为坑洞是烦人的。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：巴赫尔利用古老的镶嵌艺术形式，创造了诸如著名艺术家如艾瑞莎·富兰克林的引人注目、丰富多彩的形象，或者简单的日常物品像食物。 A. modern现代的；B. ancient古代的；C. elegant优雅的；D. mysterious神秘的。根据to create eye-catching, colorful images of famous artists like Aretha Franklin可推断，这是古代艺术形式。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。 句意同上。A. objects物体；B. ideas主意；想法；C. routines日常工作；D. projects方案；项目。根据like food和everyday可推断，此处指简单的日常物体。故选A。
25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：巴赫尔是一名平面设计师,20年后开始了他在镶嵌工艺方面的事业。 A. duty责任；B. career职业；事业；C. belief信念；D. instruction指导。根据下文He regards an incidental trip to Europe as his motivation to change careers.可知，此处指的是事业。故选B。
26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当巴赫尔去意大利旅行的时候，爱上了庞贝，保存完好的古罗马城市。A. traveling旅行；B. living活；居住；C. working工作；D. studying学习。根据下文提到的A tour guide可知，巴赫尔去意大利旅行。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：玻璃和大理石没有褪色。A. last持续； B. connect连接；C. fade褪色；D. resolve分解。根据下文So, this looks essentially the way the artist intended.可知，玻璃和大理石没有褪色，本质上还是艺术家的本意。故选C。
28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那种持久的力量给我非常深刻的印象。A. reminded提醒；B. confused使困惑；C. troubled麻烦；D. impressed使印象深刻。根据下文to learn the proper way to ___9___ the ancient technique.可知，这种持久力让巴赫尔印象深刻。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一年后，巴赫尔回到意大利拉文纳参加了一个镶嵌工艺课程，学习如何正确地做这种古代技术。A. introduce介绍；B. perform做；进行；C. promote促销；D. describe描述。根据下文Years after that, he mastered the technique.可推断，巴赫尔参加课程学习做这种古代技术。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他意识到镶嵌工艺在今天可以和1000多年前的艺术形式一样重要。 A. argued争论；B. imagined想象；C. remembered记住；D. realized意识到。根据下文to bring it into the new age as a contemporary subject可知，巴赫尔意识到在今天镶嵌工艺也是重要的。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看到了一个机会把它作为当代学科带入新时代。 A. link关联；B. time时间；C. opportunity机会；D. voice声音。根据下文So, Bachor decided to make a special piece of ___12___ for that pothole. 可知，巴赫尔看到了使用这种工艺的机会。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，巴赫尔决定为那个凹坑制作一个特殊的艺术品。A. artwork艺术品；B. machinery-work机械加工；C. code代码；密码；D. literature文学。根据下文He has ___13___ mosaic pothole art around Chicago, Detroit, New York City and even in Finland.可知，巴赫尔为那个凹坑制作了一个特殊的艺术品。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在芝加哥、底特律、纽约市甚至芬兰创造了镶嵌工艺坑洞艺术。 A. discovered发现；B. created创造；C. improved提高；D. taught教。根据空格后的mosaic pothole art 结合语境可知，巴赫尔创造了镶嵌工艺坑洞艺术。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然他可能没有得到司机或乘客的赞扬，但巴赫尔的艺术无疑是一个令人惊喜的发现。 A. help帮助；B. invitation邀请；C. money钱；D. praise表扬。While引导让步状语从句，前后文是让步关系，由下文a pleasant surprise可推断，尽管巴赫尔没有得到来自司机和乘客的表扬。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. nearly几乎；差不多；B. merely 仅仅；C. certainly当然；无疑；D. personally亲自地。尽管没有得到表扬，但是巴赫尔无疑是一个令人惊喜的发现。故选C。
【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如第6小题，句意：当巴赫尔去意大利旅行的时候，爱上了庞贝，保存完好的古罗马城市。A. traveling旅行；B. living活；居住；C. working工作；D. studying学习。根据下文提到的A tour guide可知，巴赫尔去意大利旅行。故选A。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Leather is a hugely popular material for a range of products, but this ___36___ (popular) comes at a price. The global leather industry kills over a billion animals every year. This ____37____ (cause) many to ask the question: is it possible to meet the global demand of leather without ___38___ (do) any harm to animals? A process called biofabrication(生物制作) may be the answer.
Biofabrication is not new; it is already commonly used in medicine. Scientists have applied the technique to grow body parts like ear, skin, and bones for transplants(移植). But it can also ___39___ (use) to make other products, such as leather. Scientists will be able to make biofabricated leather with whatever qualities they want, such as extra softness, greater strength, or even different colors and patterns.
But how ___40___ (exact) does biofabrication work? ___41___ (grow) leather, scientists begin by taking some cells from an animal, not hurting ___42___ animal in any way. They then set the cells apart and grow them in a lab. This process takes millions of cells and expands them into billions. Next, the scientists take the cells and spread them out to form thin sheets, ___43___ are then put together to combine into a little ___44___ (thick) sheets. Anyone can then dye and finish the leather and design it in any way they like.
Andras Forgacs supports biofabrication. He says it may even be a “natural evolution of manufacturing for mankind.” We will be able to make the products we need in an efficient, responsible, ___45___ creative way.
【答案】36. popularity
37. has caused
38. doing 39. be used
40. exactly
41. To grow
42. the 43. which
44. thicker
45. and
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。皮革是一种非常受欢迎的材料，但是对动物造成了巨大伤害。如何不伤害动物满足全球皮革的需求，文章介绍了一种可以制作皮革的生物制造。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：皮革是一系列产品非常受欢迎的材料，但这种受欢迎付出了代价。This修饰名词，做主语，故填popularity。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：这导致许多人提出以下问题：……。根据句意可知，cause指过去发生的动作对现在造成影响和结果，用现在完成时，主语是第三人称单数，故填has caused。
【38题详解】
考查动名词。without是介词，接动名词作宾语，故填doing。
【39题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：但是它也可以被用来制做其它产品。主语it指代the technique，与use是被动关系，情态动词can后接be+过去分词构成被动语态。故填be used。
【40题详解】
考查副词。分析句子可知，空格处修饰动词work用副词做状语，故填exactly。
【41题详解】
考查不定式。分析句子可知，用不定式做目的状语，置句首单词首字母大写，故填To grow。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。the+可数名词表示“类别”，此处特指“动物”，故填the。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。分析句子可知，_8___ are then put together to combine into a little ___9___ (thick) sheets是定语从句，先行词是sheets，从句中做主语，引导非限制性定语从句，用关系代词which。故填which。
【44题详解】
考查形容词比较级。根据上文的 put together to combine into 可推断，此处表示“有点更厚的”，用比较级，故填thicker。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：我们将能够用一种高效的、有责任心的、创造性的方式制造我们需要的产品。efficient，responsible和creative是并列关系，故填and。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46.假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Jean来信了解中国青少年的上网喜好。请你予以回复，并以自己为例，谈谈你最喜欢的网站或APP及理由。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Possible versions:
Dear Jean,
Glad to know that you are interested in what Chinese teenagers like to do online, I am writing to tell you more about it.
As smart phones have been widely used, many teenagers prefer surfing online with their phones. Shopping online and chatting with friends via Wechat or QQ are becoming increasingly popular. As for me, I like an Alipay app called the Ant Forest, which encourages users to adopt low-carbon activities. I have a great sense of achievement when I turn the energy from low-carbon life into real trees through it. Are you using this app?
What about your favorite application? Looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours
Li Hua
Dear Jean,
Nice to hear from you! I quite agree with you. The Internet does make our life more colorful, where most of us teenagers chat with friends, play games or watch various videos.
As to me, I prefer reading e-books with some reading apps such as WeChat reading because it’s so convenient to read books online. With a mobile phone at hand, I can do my reading everywhere instead of carrying paper books. Besides, I can even listen to them as those apps are often equipped with audio software. Isn’t it fantastic?
Well, what do you usually do on the Internet?
Yours ,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。谈谈你最喜欢的网站或APP及理由。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词汇，词组）
Be interested in；online；prefer doing；chat with；increasingly；as for；adopt；a sense of achievement；turn...into；application；hear from；
第三步：连词成句
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在时。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
第五步：润色修改
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些主从复合句，如Glad to know that you are interested in what Chinese teenagers like to do online, I am writing to tell you more about it.使用了形容词做伴随状语和that引导宾语从句；As smart phones have been widely used, many teenagers prefer surfing online with their phones. 使用了as引导定语从句；As for me, I like an Alipay app called the Ant Forest, which encourages users to adopt low-carbon activities.使用了which引导定语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
第二节（满分25分）
47.阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
'Usual boring day!' This would be the answer from Roman if somebody asked him how his day was. These days he found everything boring, nothing excited him.
One day he was lying in his room as usual. Suddenly light went off. His room was rather hot without an air conditioner. Though he did not want to leave his room, he had to. Unwillingly, he left his room and came to living room. Living room was slightly cool as it had two huge windows.
His young brother was playing with his friend. They were rolling on the floor. He was looking out for the TV remote, but couldn't find. He got up and searched it everywhere, but remote was nowhere. He looked at his brother who was still lying on the floor playing.
He asked him, "Where is the remote?"
"Under the Sofa," his brother yelled.
He tried to look through, but it was dark. He put his hand under the sofa. He touched something, grabbed it and took his hand out. OMG! It was a snake in his hand!
After seeing that his brother started to yell, “ Snake, snake!” Mom came as soon as she heard their shouting. She too was horrified to see a snake. She was so scared that she even couldn’t speak a word. Two kids were trying to hide into each other's back. “What an old trick!” Roman thought and threw it over kids.
As the snake landed on the floor near to the kids, it started moving from left side to the right. Only then did Roman realize that the snake was real, not a toy. He threw the snake over kids because he thought it was a fake snake and kids were playing some tricks.
This time mom almost got heart attack. Now he was scared too. The snake was only 10 meters away from kids and was staring at kids. They even couldn’t call a rescue team. There might be some deadly damage before their arrival. There was not much time to think. It was the time for a quick action.
Paragraph 1：
As Roman was farther from the snake, he jumped to the window and grabbed the curtain.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
After the rescue team caught and took the snake away, everyone went inside the home.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Possible version 1:
As Roman was farther from the snake, he jumped to the window and grabbed the curtain. He pulled it so hard that curtain ended up landing in his hand. Then without waiting a second, he threw the curtain over the snake. When the snake came under the curtain, he grabbed two kids by their hands and brought them out of the room. He again went inside and took his mother to the front yard. Mom was shaking like a leaf and kids were sweating hard. Later, he called the rescue team from his cell phone.
After the rescue team caught and took the snake away, everyone went inside the home. Roman went back to his room and tried to sleep, but couldn't, so he went upstairs to living room where he found his brother was watching cartoon. He sat next to his brother and his cell phone beeped. It was another text from his friend asking how his day was. Roman slowly typed: "Jaw-breaking day". Then he kept his mobile aside and dragged his brother's head to his chest and started to play with his hair gently. Then he whispered something in his ear which sounds something like "Sorry".
Possible version 2:
As Roman was farther from the snake, he jumped to the window and grabbed the curtain. He pulled it so hard that curtain was torn off immediately. Without hesitation, he threw the curtain at the moving snake and covered it. Then he grabbed two extremely-frightened kids by their arms and pushed them out of room. The moment the kids went out, they started screaming. Roman went inside the room again and brought his mom out, who was standing still, frozen with fear. Later, he called the rescue team.
After the rescue team caught and took the snake away, everyone went inside the home. Everything returned to normal except that the two kids were still scared. Roman felt guilty and even angry with himself. How could he have thrown the snake to two kids. But for the quick action, it would have hurt them! He went up to the kids, patting them on the head, and said carefully, “I’m so sorry. I mistook it for a fake one. Well….” After a short pause, he said in an excited voice, “Shall we play some game together now?” The kids burst into a smile. “What a thrilling day!” Roman texted his friend later that day.
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达是读后续写。
【详解】本文是一篇读后续写。读后续写一般要求学生阅读一篇记叙文，然后发挥想象，运用自己所学的英语知识去续写一篇中心思想跟全文一致、合乎情理的记叙文。本文的中心思想是：一天，罗曼感到很无聊，来到客厅里乘凉，他的弟弟和朋友玩，罗曼错把一条蛇当做遥控器扔向了孩子们，罗曼必须采取措施把蛇弄走。考生在写作的过程中要注意：要根据以上内容写出罗曼如何救孩子的。本文要使用一般过去时。写作时注意准确地运用时态，使上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。特别注意在选择句式时要赋予变化。
【点睛】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，When the snake came under the curtain, he grabbed two kids by their hands and brought them out of the room.使用了when引导时间状语从句；Roman went back to his room and tried to sleep, but couldn't, so he went upstairs to living room where he found his brother was watching cartoon.使用了where引导定语从句，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。
英语试题
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
TGBWP(the Great Books Winter Program) is an experience like no other in American education. For the past eleven years, TGBWP has gathered outstanding middle and high school students from across the world to read selections from the greatest works of literature, experience college-level lectures, engage in lively discussions and enjoy winter camp fun with other literary-minded students.
Here is a sample of what you will get at Great Books:
Membership in an international community of enthusiastic young learners and distinguished college teachers who read and discuss great books and big ideas. You will discuss the likes of Plato, Mark Twain, Dickens, and Tolstoy with other teens from around the globe who love literature just as much as you do!
Find your voice in the classroom. TGBWP gives students the opportunity to grow academically and socially as they prepare for high school and college. Open discussions encourage students to express themselves and give power to their ideas. Students gain confidence in their ability to read a text closely and express their ideas clearly both orally and in writing.
Experience time away from home and spend it at a top college -- choose from two campus settings: Amherst College in Massachusetts and Stanford University in California. This is the perfect opportunity to preview life on a college campus!
Don’t miss this opportunity to join students from 47 states and 28 countries in this unique learning environment.
Categories
Reading/Writing Arts/Photography/Film Music/Singing/
Dancing Travel/ Touring Academic/Pre-College
Ages
11-18
Type
Overnight/Residential
More information: CLICK HERE
1. What do we know about TGBWP?
A. A course on literacy skills improvement.
B. An education department of universities.
C. A camp suitable for teen literature lovers.
D. A program of studying American literature.
2. What does TGBWP offer its participants according to the text?
A. College-level evaluation in literature.
B. Admissions to world famous universities.
C. Free literature courses and literature works.
D. Chances to experience college life beforehand.
3. Suppose this text is an Ad, what else must be included in “More information”?
A. Contact information. B. Membership benefits.
C. Registration requirements. D. Activity arrangements.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇广告。介绍了TGBWP冬令营活动的有关信息。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的For the past eleven years, TGBWP has gathered outstanding middle and high school students from across the world to read selections from the greatest works of literature, experience college-level lectures, engage in lively discussions and enjoy winter camp fun with other literary-minded students.(在过去的十一年里，TGBWP聚集了来自世界各地的优秀中学生，阅读最伟大的文学作品，体验大学水平的讲座，参与生动的讨论，并与其他有文学头脑的学生一起享受冬令营的乐趣。)因此推断，TGBWP是适合青少年文学爱好者的营地。 故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的TGBWP gives students the opportunity to grow academically and socially as they prepare for high school and college.(当学生为高中和大学做准备时，TGBWP给了他们在学术和社会上成长的机会。)可知，TGBWP给参与者提供提前体验大学生活的经验。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文中的表格可知，表格中包括了活动安排；注册学员的年龄等，因此推断如果是广告，进一步的信息应该是联系方式。B项的会员福利不是广告的必要内容。故选A。
【点睛】文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。（2）语言转述型。（3）语意理解型。（4）是非辨别型。（5）事实排序型。如第2小题，属于细节理解题。根据第四段的TGBWP gives students the opportunity to grow academically and socially as they prepare for high school and college.(当学生为高中和大学做准备时，TGBWP给了他们在学术和社会上成长的机会。)可知，TGBWP给参与者提供提前体验大学生活的经验。故选D。
B
When people think about British music, for the most part they think about the 60s or 70s with the likes of The Beatles and The Rolling Stones or more modern artists like Adele or Ed Sheeran. However, stuck between these two ages was, in my opinion, British music’s best period. The 90s were an optimistic time for Britain and indeed Europe, with the economy recovering from the lows of the 80s and the Cold War ending.
One of the defining features of 90s music was the birth of “Britpop”. This was a style of pop music that aimed to promote “Britishness” and commonly featured electric guitars, drums and male singers. Britpop was the style used by world-famous bands such as Oasis, Blur, Pulp and Suede who became known as “The Big Four”. The summer of 1995 was dominated by the “Battle of Britpop” which was between Blur and Oasis for the number one spot. Eventually, Blur won the battle and Oasis settled for second.
However, the 90s weren’t only for the boys, with major female groups also finding fame, the most well-known of which were “the Spice Girls” who were extremely popular in Britain and around the world. Once again they promoted “Britishness” and had catchy melodies and lyrics, but they also started the “Girl Power” movement which helped empower girls and women worldwide. It isn’t too far to assume that without their music, many female singers and artists who we love today would not have had the confidence to pursue their dream.
British music may have had many great times, however the 90s are often overlooked. Although I was not alive to enjoy the music properly, the 90s had a huge impact on British culture that can be felt today and I feel that the decade should get the recognition it deserves!
4. What can we infer from the first paragraph?
A. The Cold War came to an end in the 80s.
B. Britain’s economy began to pick up in the 90s.
C. The Beatles represented the best British music.
D. Adele is better than Ed Sheeran in modern music.
5. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. Britpop. B. Britishness.
C. The Big Four. D. Battle of Britpop.
6. What’s the most important influence of “the Spice Girls” according to the text?
A. Promoting “Britishness”. B. Empowering girls and women.
C. Creating catchy melodies. D. Finding fame for female groups.
7. The writer thinks the impact of the 90s music on British culture is ________.
A. underestimated B. well-recognized
C. fairly evaluated D. reasonably doubted
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. B 7. A
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了英国90年代的音乐。作者认为英国90年代音乐被忽视了，90年代音乐对英国文化产生了巨大的影响，应该得到它应得的认可。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的The 90s were an optimistic time for Britain and indeed Europe, with the economy recovering from the lows of the 80s and the Cold War ending.（对于英国乃至欧洲来说，随着经济从80年代的低谷复苏和冷战结束，90年代是一个乐观的时期。）可知，英国经济在90年代开始复苏。故选B。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段首句One of the defining features of 90s music was the birth of “Britpop”.和下文内容可知，本段主要介绍了90年代音乐的特征英式摇滚的诞生，并介绍了这种流行音乐的盛行，这种音乐旨在促进“英国化”，通常有电吉他、鼓和男歌手。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的However, the 90s weren’t only for the boys, with major female groups also finding fame, the most well-known of which were “the Spice Girls” who were extremely popular in Britain and around the world. Once again they promoted “Britishness” and had catchy melodies and lyrics, but they also started the “Girl Power” movement which helped empower girls and women worldwide. （然而，90年代不仅仅是男孩的，主要的女性群体也找到了荣誉，其中最著名的是“辣妹组合”，他们在英国和世界各地都非常受欢迎。他们再次推断了“英国化”，有着令人着迷的旋律和歌词，他们也发起了“女孩力量”运动，有助于世界各地的女孩和妇女拥有权力。 ）可推断，“辣妹组合”最重要的影响是增强女孩和妇女的力量。故选B。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的British music may have had many great times, however the 90s are often overlooked. 以及下文可知，作者认为英国90年代音乐被忽视了，90年代音乐对英国文化产生了巨大的影响，作者觉得这十年应该得到它应得的认可！ 故选A。
C
America’s first transcontinental railroad, completed 150 years ago today at Promontory Summit in Utah, connected the vast United States and brought America into the modern age. Chinese immigrants contributed greatly to this notable achievement, but the historical accounts that followed often ignored their role.
Between 1863 and 1869, as many as 20,000 Chinese workers helped build the dangerous western part of the railroad, a winding ribbon of track known as the Central Pacific. At first, the Central Pacific Railroad’s directors wanted a whites-only workforce. When not enough white men signed up, the railroad began hiring Chinese men for the backbreaking labor. Company leaders were skeptical of the new recruits’ ability to do the work, but they proved themselves not only capable but even superior to the other workers.
Chinese workers cut through dense forests, filled deep narrow steep-sided valley, constructed long trestles(高架桥) and built enormous retaining walls(防护墙) -- some of which remain complete and undamaged today. All work was done by hand using carts, shovels and picks but no machinery. However, progress came at great cost: an estimated 1,200 Chinese laborers died along the Central Pacific route.
Despite these facts, Chinese workers were often left out of the official story because of their identity of foreigners. On the transcontinental railroad's 100th birthday, the Chinese workers were still not honored. It was another fifty years later that their role was gradually highlighted. To celebrate the railroad’s 150th anniversary in 2019, the California assembly passed a resolution in 2017 to recognize and honor the Chinese railroad workers by designating May 10, 2017, and every May 10 thereafter, as California Chinese Railroad Workers Memorial Day.
8. What might be the best title for the text?
A. The Birth of the Central Pacific Cost Dearly
B. May 10--A Special Day for Chinese Immigrants
C. Chinese Workers’ Contributions Gained Recognition
D. The 150th anniversary of the Central Pacific Railroad
9. What does “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Chinese laborers. B. White workers.
C. Company leaders. D. Railroad directors.
10. Why does the author make such detailed descriptions in Paragraph 3?
A. To prove Chinese workers’ superior skills.
B. To stress the danger and difficulty of the work.
C. To describe the grand scenery along the railroad.
D. To show notable achievements made by Chinese workers.
11. What does the text intend to tell us?
A. None so blind as those who won’t see. B. No pains, no gains.
C. Truth will come to light sooner or later. D. Doing is better than saying.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了中国移民对美国第一条横贯大陆的铁路作出的巨大贡献，但随后的历史叙述忽视他们的作用。但是纸包不住火，最终中国工人做出的贡献得以被认可。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段的Chinese immigrants contributed greatly to this notable achievement, but the historical accounts that followed often ignored their role.以及最后一段的To celebrate the railroad’s 150th anniversary in 2019, the California assembly passed a resolution in 2017 to recognize and honor the Chinese railroad workers by designating May 10, 2017, and every May 10 thereafter, as California Chinese Railroad Workers Memorial Day.最终，中国工人的贡献得以被认可，因此推断，文章主要讲述了中国移民对美国第一条横贯大陆的铁路作出的巨大贡献，但随后的历史叙述忽视他们的作用。但是纸包不住火，最终中国工人做出的贡献得以被认可。因此推断C项“中国工人的贡献得到了认可 ”为最佳标题。故选C。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据上文When not enough white men signed up, the railroad began hiring Chinese men for the backbreaking labor. Company leaders were skeptical of the new recruits’ ability to do the work可知，当没有足够的白人报名时，铁路开始雇用中国男子从事艰苦的劳动。公司领导对新员工的工作能力表示怀疑，因此推断划线句“但他们证明自己不仅有能力，甚至优于其他工人。”中they指代上文提的中国劳动力。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。通读第三段可知，本段主要阐述中国工人穿过茂密的森林，深谷狭窄陡峭，建造了高架桥，建造了巨大的防护墙——其中一些至今仍然完整和无损。没有机械所有的工作都是用手推车、铲子和镐手工完成的。 进展付出了巨大的代价：估计有1200名中国劳工在铁路建设中死亡。因此推断详细描述修建铁路的工作过程是为了强调工作的危险和困难。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的 To celebrate the railroad’s 150th anniversary in 2019, the California assembly passed a resolution in 2017 to recognize and honor the Chinese railroad workers by designating May 10, 2017, and every May 10 thereafter, as California Chinese Railroad Workers Memorial Day.（为了庆祝2019年铁路150周年，加州议会在2017年通过了一项决议，指定2017年5月10日和此后每5月10日为加州中国铁路工人纪念日，以表彰和纪念中国铁路工人。）可推断，尽管历史中国工人对铁路的贡献一直不被认可，但是最终在2017年他们的奉献得以承认。故C项“纸包不住火”是文章要告诉读者的。故选C。
【点睛】标题确定题属深层理解题，它要求考生在通读全文的基础上，认真分析主人公的特定心态、文章大意及作者的写作意图。在此基础上，还应做到概括性、针对性、醒目性的有机结合。
概括性原则：要求标题应在最大程度上覆盖全文，囊括文章的主要内容，体现文章的主题要旨。从全局的角度归纳概括出文章的标题。要防止本末倒置，主次不分，以点代面，以偏概全。
针对性原则：针对性原则是对标题外延的一种界定。即标题的外延既不能太大也不能太小，要量体裁衣，大小适度。
醒目性原则：标题是文章的点睛之笔，是文章的灵魂和门面。标题的好坏往往影响文章的可读性。读者往往从标题上决定文章的阅读取舍，故标题往往比较醒目，甚至比较离奇，目的是为了吸引读者的注意力，唤起读者对文章阅读的兴趣。
如第1小题，根据第一段的Chinese immigrants contributed greatly to this notable achievement, but the historical accounts that followed often ignored their role.提到中国移民对修筑铁路作出了巨大贡献，但随后的历史叙述往往忽视了他们的作用。以及最后一段的To celebrate the railroad’s 150th anniversary in 2019, the California assembly passed a resolution in 2017 to recognize and honor the Chinese railroad workers by designating May 10, 2017, and every May 10 thereafter, as California Chinese Railroad Workers Memorial Day.提到最终，中国工人的贡献得以被认可，因此可推断，文章主要讲述了中国移民对美国第一条横贯大陆的铁路做出的巨大贡献，但随后的历史叙述忽视他们的作用。但是纸包不住火，最终中国工人做出的贡献得以被认可。因此推断C项“中国工人的贡献得到了认可 ”为最佳标题，故选C。
D
Recently, researchers at the University of Toronto figured out a way with a quick video selfie to accurately measure blood pressure with your smartphone’s camera by developing a technology known as transdermal optical imaging (TOI)(透皮光学成像).
Cameras on smartphones can catch red light reflected from hemoglobin (血红素）under our skin, which permits TOI to visualize and measure blood flow changes. Researchers measured the blood pressure of 1,328 Canadian and Chinese adults by getting two-minute videos of their faces on an iPhone. “From the video got by the technology, you can see how the blood flows in different parts of the face and through this flow, you can get a lot of information,” said Kang Lee, lead author of the study.
Lee also helped create an app called Anura, which allows people to try out the TOI software for themselves, giving them the ability to record a 30-second video of their face and receive measurements for stress levels and resting heart rate. Lee said more research was needed to make sure that the measurements were as accurate as possible, explaining that the study didn’t test people with very dark or very fair skin.
“In order to improve our app to make it usable, particularly for people with hypertension (高血压)，we need to collect a lot of data from them, which is very hard because a lot of them are already taking medicine,” Lee explained. “We cannot tell them not to take medicine, but from time to time, we get participants who don’t take medicine so we can get hypertensive people this way.”
The scientists said there were many potential applications of the technology, including providing health services for those who lived in remote areas.
12. What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 2？
A. Information offered by TOI. B. New findings on hypertension.
C. How TOI is put into smart phones. D. How the TOI technology works.
13. What might people benefit from the new technology mentioned above?
A Living a life free from stress. B. Improving the heart function gradually.
C. Accessing health services for free. D. Knowing abnormal blood pressure earlier.
14. What can be done for a better Anura?
A. Equipping phones with better cameras.
B. Allowing phones to record longer videos.
C. Collecting data from more diverse samples.
D. Persuading participants not to take medicine.
15. Why does the author write this text?
A. To predict future applications of TOI.
B. To introduce TOI and an app related.
C. To describe functions of cameras on phones.
D. To evaluate the quality of an app called Anura.
【答案】12. D 13. D 14. C 15. B
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新科技。多伦多大学的研究人员想出了一种快速视频自拍的方法，通过开发一种称为透皮光学成像的技术，用智能手机的相机准确地测量血压。文章还介绍了与之相关的手机应用软件。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段首句Cameras on smartphones can catch red light reflected from hemoglobin (血红素）under our skin, which permits TOI to visualize and measure blood flow changes. 可知，智能手机上的相机可以捕捉从我们皮肤下的血红蛋白反射的红光，这允许透皮光学成像可视化和测量血流变化。因此推断本段主要讲述TOI科技如何起作用的。故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的From the video got by the technology, you can see how the blood flows in different parts of the face and through this flow, you can get a lot of information（从技术获得的视频中，你可以看到血液是如何在面部的不同部位流动的，通过这种流动，你可以得到很多信息）和第三段的giving them the ability to record a 30-second video of their face and receive measurements for stress levels and resting heart rate.（让他们能够记录30秒的面部视频，并收到压力水平和静息心率的测量。）可推断，这项新技术可以让人们较早知道不正常的血压。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的Lee said more research was needed to make sure that the measurements were as accurate as possible, explaining that the study didn’t test people with very dark or very fair skin.（李说，需要更多的研究来确保测量尽可能准确，解释说这项研究没有测试皮肤非常暗或非常白皙的人。）可知，需要收集更多不同的样本才能改进Anura。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，文章主要介绍了一种新科技 TOI ，研究人员想出了一种快速视频自拍的方法，通过开发一种称为透皮光学成像的技术，用智能手机的相机准确地测量血压。接下来介绍了应用这项科技研发出的手机应用。因此推断本文的写作目的是介绍TOI和相关应用程序。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
No-friend eating trend
When you eat lunch in a restaurant you might see many people eating by themselves, watching videos on their phones. _____16_____ Do you worry they’re lonely?
You probably didn’t even notice because you were looking at your own phone. The New York Post says that eating alone with electronic devices is a growing trend among young people around the world.
According to a new survey conducted by OnePoll on behalf of the US-based Highbush Blueberry Council, the average adult eats six meals alone each week and 387 meals each year.
___17___ Maybe not.
“The way we define ‘togetherness’ and what it means to be connected seems to be evolving as technology evolves. Keeping our relationships strong doesn’t always require being together physically,” wrote the report.
Nowadays, many young people spend more time studying and working in competitive environments. _____18_____ Instead, it’s natural to communicate with others through text, email and social media.
Daniela Galarza, from the US, is one of these young people. She told the New York Post that she spent nearly 10 hours on her work every day. She said, “Engaging with my friends and families on social media platforms for about half an hour every day always helps me feel more connected with them. _____19_____”
“Today, ‘togetherness’ is more of a feeling than a physical state, and people get creative to stay connected,” a spokesperson for The Highbush Blueberry Council told the New York Post. “_____20_____”
A. I’m not lonely any more.
B. Do you feel pity for them?
C. Being together all the time is great.
D. Does it mean there are a lot of lonely people?
E. They enjoy eating alone with electronic devices.
F. They have less time to gather and eat with their friends or families.
G. The joy of being together – however you manage it – never changes.
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. F 19. A 20. G
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。介绍了一种日益增长的社会趋势——无朋友进餐。
【16题详解】
空格上文When you eat lunch in a restaurant, you might see many people eating by themselves, watching videos on their phones.阐述当你在餐馆吃午饭时，你可能会看到很多人边看手机视频边自己吃饭。结合下文的问句可推断，B项是一个问句，符合语境，B项“你同情他们吗？”与下文“你担心他们孤独吗？”两个问题引出下文的内容。故选B。
【17题详解】
空格前一段阐述一项新调查表明平均每个成年人每周单独吃六顿饭，每年吃387顿饭。 D项中的“This”指代这种现象，下文的Maybe not，回答D项的问题“它意味着有许多孤独的人吗？”。故选D。
【18题详解】
根据空格上文Nowadays, many young people spend more time studying and working in competitive environments.（现在，许多年轻人花更多的时间在竞争环境中学习和工作。）因此推断他们有更少的时间和他们的朋友或家人聚在一起吃饭。故选F。
【19题详解】
根据空格上文She said, “Engaging with my friends and families on social media platforms for about half an hour every day always helps me feel more connected with them.可知，她说：每天在社交媒体平台上与我的朋友和家人接触大约半个小时总是有助于我感觉与他们更多在一起。因此推断她不孤独。故选A。
【20题详解】
根据空格上文可知，今天，“团结”更多的是一种感觉，而不是一种物质状态，人们有创造力来保持联系，因此推断在一起的快乐——无论你如何管理它——从来不会改变。故选G。
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
We’ve all been there before: You’re driving down the road when suddenly a pothole(凹坑) seems to appear out of nowhere and sends the ___21___ jumping. Most people think potholes are___22___, but artist Jim Bachor sees them as a canvas(画布) for his artwork.
Bachor uses the ___23___ art form of mosaic(马赛克) to create eye-catching, colorful images of famous artists like Aretha Franklin or simple everyday ___24___ like food. He even makes less-appealing visuals of insects.
Bachor was a graphic designer for 20 years before he began his ___25___ in mosaic. He regards an incidental trip to Europe as his motivation to change careers. While ___26___ in Italy, Bachor fell in love with Pompeii, the preserved ancient Roman city. A tour guide pointed out a mosaic, made of mainly glass and marble, and told Bachor, “Glass and marble don’t ___27___. So, this looks essentially the way the artist intended.” Bachor says, “That kind of staying power just ___28___ me so much.”
A year later Bachor returned to attend a mosaic class in Ravenna, Italy, to learn the proper way to ___29___ the ancient technique. Years after that, he mastered the technique. He ___30___ that mosaics can be just as significant today as the art form over 1,000 years ago. “I just saw that there was a(n) ___31___ to bring it into the new age as a contemporary subject,” he says.
So, Bachor decided to make a special piece of ___32___ for that pothole. He has ___33___ mosaic pothole art around Chicago, Detroit, New York City and even in Finland.
While he may not be getting ___34___ from drivers or passengers, Bachor’s art is ___35___ a pleasant surprise to discover.
21. A. body B. rock C. car D. sand
22. A. challenging B. interesting C. discouraging D. annoying
23. A. modern B. ancient C. elegant D. mysterious
24. A. objects B. ideas C. routines D. projects
25. A. duty B. career C. belief D. instruction
26. A. traveling B. living C. working D. studying
27. A. last B. connect C. fade D. resolve
28. A. reminded B. confused C. troubled D. impressed
29. A. introduce B. perform C. promote D. describe
30. A. argued B. imagined C. remembered D. realized
31. A. link B. time C. opportunity D. voice
32. A. artwork B. machinery-work C. code D. literature
33. A. discovered B. created C. improved D. taught
34. A. help B. invitation C. money D. praise
35. A. nearly B. merely C. certainly D. personally
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。坑坑洼洼的路面会给汽车和行人带来很多不便。艺术家巴赫尔突发奇想，把自己的镶嵌艺术作品放到路面上的浅坑里，不仅能给路过的人欣赏，还能起到提醒作用。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们以前都遇到过这种情况：你正开车沿着路行驶时，突然一个凹坑似乎凭空出现，让汽车颠簸跳跃。A. body身体；B. rock岩石；C. car汽车；D. sand沙地。根据上文You’re driving down the road可推断，凹坑让车颠簸跳跃。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大多数人认为坑洞很烦人，但艺术家吉姆·巴赫尔把它们看作是他的艺术品的画布。A. challenging具有挑战性的；B. interesting有趣的；C. discouraging泄气的；气馁的；D. annoying讨厌的。根据下文but artist Jim Bachor sees them as a canvas(画布) for his artwork.可知上下文是转折关系，艺术家巴赫尔把坑洞看作他的画布，相对的大多数人认为坑洞是烦人的。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：巴赫尔利用古老的镶嵌艺术形式，创造了诸如著名艺术家如艾瑞莎·富兰克林的引人注目、丰富多彩的形象，或者简单的日常物品像食物。 A. modern现代的；B. ancient古代的；C. elegant优雅的；D. mysterious神秘的。根据to create eye-catching, colorful images of famous artists like Aretha Franklin可推断，这是古代艺术形式。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。 句意同上。A. objects物体；B. ideas主意；想法；C. routines日常工作；D. projects方案；项目。根据like food和everyday可推断，此处指简单的日常物体。故选A。
25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：巴赫尔是一名平面设计师,20年后开始了他在镶嵌工艺方面的事业。 A. duty责任；B. career职业；事业；C. belief信念；D. instruction指导。根据下文He regards an incidental trip to Europe as his motivation to change careers.可知，此处指的是事业。故选B。
26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当巴赫尔去意大利旅行的时候，爱上了庞贝，保存完好的古罗马城市。A. traveling旅行；B. living活；居住；C. working工作；D. studying学习。根据下文提到的A tour guide可知，巴赫尔去意大利旅行。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：玻璃和大理石没有褪色。A. last持续； B. connect连接；C. fade褪色；D. resolve分解。根据下文So, this looks essentially the way the artist intended.可知，玻璃和大理石没有褪色，本质上还是艺术家的本意。故选C。
28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那种持久的力量给我非常深刻的印象。A. reminded提醒；B. confused使困惑；C. troubled麻烦；D. impressed使印象深刻。根据下文to learn the proper way to ___9___ the ancient technique.可知，这种持久力让巴赫尔印象深刻。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一年后，巴赫尔回到意大利拉文纳参加了一个镶嵌工艺课程，学习如何正确地做这种古代技术。A. introduce介绍；B. perform做；进行；C. promote促销；D. describe描述。根据下文Years after that, he mastered the technique.可推断，巴赫尔参加课程学习做这种古代技术。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他意识到镶嵌工艺在今天可以和1000多年前的艺术形式一样重要。 A. argued争论；B. imagined想象；C. remembered记住；D. realized意识到。根据下文to bring it into the new age as a contemporary subject可知，巴赫尔意识到在今天镶嵌工艺也是重要的。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看到了一个机会把它作为当代学科带入新时代。 A. link关联；B. time时间；C. opportunity机会；D. voice声音。根据下文So, Bachor decided to make a special piece of ___12___ for that pothole. 可知，巴赫尔看到了使用这种工艺的机会。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，巴赫尔决定为那个凹坑制作一个特殊的艺术品。A. artwork艺术品；B. machinery-work机械加工；C. code代码；密码；D. literature文学。根据下文He has ___13___ mosaic pothole art around Chicago, Detroit, New York City and even in Finland.可知，巴赫尔为那个凹坑制作了一个特殊的艺术品。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在芝加哥、底特律、纽约市甚至芬兰创造了镶嵌工艺坑洞艺术。 A. discovered发现；B. created创造；C. improved提高；D. taught教。根据空格后的mosaic pothole art 结合语境可知，巴赫尔创造了镶嵌工艺坑洞艺术。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然他可能没有得到司机或乘客的赞扬，但巴赫尔的艺术无疑是一个令人惊喜的发现。 A. help帮助；B. invitation邀请；C. money钱；D. praise表扬。While引导让步状语从句，前后文是让步关系，由下文a pleasant surprise可推断，尽管巴赫尔没有得到来自司机和乘客的表扬。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. nearly几乎；差不多；B. merely 仅仅；C. certainly当然；无疑；D. personally亲自地。尽管没有得到表扬，但是巴赫尔无疑是一个令人惊喜的发现。故选C。
【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如第6小题，句意：当巴赫尔去意大利旅行的时候，爱上了庞贝，保存完好的古罗马城市。A. traveling旅行；B. living活；居住；C. working工作；D. studying学习。根据下文提到的A tour guide可知，巴赫尔去意大利旅行。故选A。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Leather is a hugely popular material for a range of products, but this ___36___ (popular) comes at a price. The global leather industry kills over a billion animals every year. This ____37____ (cause) many to ask the question: is it possible to meet the global demand of leather without ___38___ (do) any harm to animals? A process called biofabrication(生物制作) may be the answer.
Biofabrication is not new; it is already commonly used in medicine. Scientists have applied the technique to grow body parts like ear, skin, and bones for transplants(移植). But it can also ___39___ (use) to make other products, such as leather. Scientists will be able to make biofabricated leather with whatever qualities they want, such as extra softness, greater strength, or even different colors and patterns.
But how ___40___ (exact) does biofabrication work? ___41___ (grow) leather, scientists begin by taking some cells from an animal, not hurting ___42___ animal in any way. They then set the cells apart and grow them in a lab. This process takes millions of cells and expands them into billions. Next, the scientists take the cells and spread them out to form thin sheets, ___43___ are then put together to combine into a little ___44___ (thick) sheets. Anyone can then dye and finish the leather and design it in any way they like.
Andras Forgacs supports biofabrication. He says it may even be a “natural evolution of manufacturing for mankind.” We will be able to make the products we need in an efficient, responsible, ___45___ creative way.
【答案】36. popularity
37. has caused
38. doing 39. be used
40. exactly
41. To grow
42. the 43. which
44. thicker
45. and
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。皮革是一种非常受欢迎的材料，但是对动物造成了巨大伤害。如何不伤害动物满足全球皮革的需求，文章介绍了一种可以制作皮革的生物制造。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：皮革是一系列产品非常受欢迎的材料，但这种受欢迎付出了代价。This修饰名词，做主语，故填popularity。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：这导致许多人提出以下问题：……。根据句意可知，cause指过去发生的动作对现在造成影响和结果，用现在完成时，主语是第三人称单数，故填has caused。
【38题详解】
考查动名词。without是介词，接动名词作宾语，故填doing。
【39题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：但是它也可以被用来制做其它产品。主语it指代the technique，与use是被动关系，情态动词can后接be+过去分词构成被动语态。故填be used。
【40题详解】
考查副词。分析句子可知，空格处修饰动词work用副词做状语，故填exactly。
【41题详解】
考查不定式。分析句子可知，用不定式做目的状语，置句首单词首字母大写，故填To grow。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。the+可数名词表示“类别”，此处特指“动物”，故填the。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。分析句子可知，_8___ are then put together to combine into a little ___9___ (thick) sheets是定语从句，先行词是sheets，从句中做主语，引导非限制性定语从句，用关系代词which。故填which。
【44题详解】
考查形容词比较级。根据上文的 put together to combine into 可推断，此处表示“有点更厚的”，用比较级，故填thicker。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：我们将能够用一种高效的、有责任心的、创造性的方式制造我们需要的产品。efficient，responsible和creative是并列关系，故填and。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46.假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Jean来信了解中国青少年的上网喜好。请你予以回复，并以自己为例，谈谈你最喜欢的网站或APP及理由。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Possible versions:
Dear Jean,
Glad to know that you are interested in what Chinese teenagers like to do online, I am writing to tell you more about it.
As smart phones have been widely used, many teenagers prefer surfing online with their phones. Shopping online and chatting with friends via Wechat or QQ are becoming increasingly popular. As for me, I like an Alipay app called the Ant Forest, which encourages users to adopt low-carbon activities. I have a great sense of achievement when I turn the energy from low-carbon life into real trees through it. Are you using this app?
What about your favorite application? Looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours
Li Hua
Dear Jean,
Nice to hear from you! I quite agree with you. The Internet does make our life more colorful, where most of us teenagers chat with friends, play games or watch various videos.
As to me, I prefer reading e-books with some reading apps such as WeChat reading because it’s so convenient to read books online. With a mobile phone at hand, I can do my reading everywhere instead of carrying paper books. Besides, I can even listen to them as those apps are often equipped with audio software. Isn’t it fantastic?
Well, what do you usually do on the Internet?
Yours ,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。谈谈你最喜欢的网站或APP及理由。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词汇，词组）
Be interested in；online；prefer doing；chat with；increasingly；as for；adopt；a sense of achievement；turn...into；application；hear from；
第三步：连词成句
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在时。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
第五步：润色修改
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些主从复合句，如Glad to know that you are interested in what Chinese teenagers like to do online, I am writing to tell you more about it.使用了形容词做伴随状语和that引导宾语从句；As smart phones have been widely used, many teenagers prefer surfing online with their phones. 使用了as引导定语从句；As for me, I like an Alipay app called the Ant Forest, which encourages users to adopt low-carbon activities.使用了which引导定语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
第二节（满分25分）
47.阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
'Usual boring day!' This would be the answer from Roman if somebody asked him how his day was. These days he found everything boring, nothing excited him.
One day he was lying in his room as usual. Suddenly light went off. His room was rather hot without an air conditioner. Though he did not want to leave his room, he had to. Unwillingly, he left his room and came to living room. Living room was slightly cool as it had two huge windows.
His young brother was playing with his friend. They were rolling on the floor. He was looking out for the TV remote, but couldn't find. He got up and searched it everywhere, but remote was nowhere. He looked at his brother who was still lying on the floor playing.
He asked him, "Where is the remote?"
"Under the Sofa," his brother yelled.
He tried to look through, but it was dark. He put his hand under the sofa. He touched something, grabbed it and took his hand out. OMG! It was a snake in his hand!
After seeing that his brother started to yell, “ Snake, snake!” Mom came as soon as she heard their shouting. She too was horrified to see a snake. She was so scared that she even couldn’t speak a word. Two kids were trying to hide into each other's back. “What an old trick!” Roman thought and threw it over kids.
As the snake landed on the floor near to the kids, it started moving from left side to the right. Only then did Roman realize that the snake was real, not a toy. He threw the snake over kids because he thought it was a fake snake and kids were playing some tricks.
This time mom almost got heart attack. Now he was scared too. The snake was only 10 meters away from kids and was staring at kids. They even couldn’t call a rescue team. There might be some deadly damage before their arrival. There was not much time to think. It was the time for a quick action.
Paragraph 1：
As Roman was farther from the snake, he jumped to the window and grabbed the curtain.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
After the rescue team caught and took the snake away, everyone went inside the home.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Possible version 1:
As Roman was farther from the snake, he jumped to the window and grabbed the curtain. He pulled it so hard that curtain ended up landing in his hand. Then without waiting a second, he threw the curtain over the snake. When the snake came under the curtain, he grabbed two kids by their hands and brought them out of the room. He again went inside and took his mother to the front yard. Mom was shaking like a leaf and kids were sweating hard. Later, he called the rescue team from his cell phone.
After the rescue team caught and took the snake away, everyone went inside the home. Roman went back to his room and tried to sleep, but couldn't, so he went upstairs to living room where he found his brother was watching cartoon. He sat next to his brother and his cell phone beeped. It was another text from his friend asking how his day was. Roman slowly typed: "Jaw-breaking day". Then he kept his mobile aside and dragged his brother's head to his chest and started to play with his hair gently. Then he whispered something in his ear which sounds something like "Sorry".
Possible version 2:
As Roman was farther from the snake, he jumped to the window and grabbed the curtain. He pulled it so hard that curtain was torn off immediately. Without hesitation, he threw the curtain at the moving snake and covered it. Then he grabbed two extremely-frightened kids by their arms and pushed them out of room. The moment the kids went out, they started screaming. Roman went inside the room again and brought his mom out, who was standing still, frozen with fear. Later, he called the rescue team.
After the rescue team caught and took the snake away, everyone went inside the home. Everything returned to normal except that the two kids were still scared. Roman felt guilty and even angry with himself. How could he have thrown the snake to two kids. But for the quick action, it would have hurt them! He went up to the kids, patting them on the head, and said carefully, “I’m so sorry. I mistook it for a fake one. Well….” After a short pause, he said in an excited voice, “Shall we play some game together now?” The kids burst into a smile. “What a thrilling day!” Roman texted his friend later that day.
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达是读后续写。
【详解】本文是一篇读后续写。读后续写一般要求学生阅读一篇记叙文，然后发挥想象，运用自己所学的英语知识去续写一篇中心思想跟全文一致、合乎情理的记叙文。本文的中心思想是：一天，罗曼感到很无聊，来到客厅里乘凉，他的弟弟和朋友玩，罗曼错把一条蛇当做遥控器扔向了孩子们，罗曼必须采取措施把蛇弄走。考生在写作的过程中要注意：要根据以上内容写出罗曼如何救孩子的。本文要使用一般过去时。写作时注意准确地运用时态，使上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。特别注意在选择句式时要赋予变化。
【点睛】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，When the snake came under the curtain, he grabbed two kids by their hands and brought them out of the room.使用了when引导时间状语从句；Roman went back to his room and tried to sleep, but couldn't, so he went upstairs to living room where he found his brother was watching cartoon.使用了where引导定语从句，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。
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