安徽省芜湖市第一中学2020届高三上学期基础检测英语试题


芫湖一中2020届新高三基础检测
英语试卷
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动， 用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，只需要上交答题卡即可。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £ 19.15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15.
答案是C。
1. What was the weather like when Beth was at the beach?
A. Cloudy. B. Sunny. C. Rainy.
2. What will the man do next Friday?
A. Attend a party. B. Go on a business trip. C. E-mail the woman a report.
3. What does Nick do?
A. A website designer. B. A computer salesman. C. A school teacher.
4. Where are the speakers?
A. In the woman’s house. B. In a bookstore. C. In a restaurant.
5. What are the speakers talking about?
A. A restaurant. B. The man’s job. C. The man’s pay.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the woman’s opinion about the T-shirts?
A. They are expensive. B. They are satisfying. C. They are ugly.
7. What does the woman decide to do in the end?
A. Have lunch. B. Go to another shop. C. Buy a cheaper T-shirt.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Why did the man go to San Francisco on vacation?
A. To meet a friend. B. To visit his sister. C. To tour a university.
9. What did the woman do on her vacation?
A. She studied at college. B. She did some shopping. C. She stayed with a friend.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Interviewer and interviewee. C. Colleagues.
11. Where is the woman now?
A. In Japan. B. In America. C. In Britain.
12. What is the woman weak in?
A. Computers. B. Languages. C. Organizing activities.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What are the speakers talking about?
A. Their spare time in the evenings.
B. Their habits of going on the Internet.
C Disadvantages of going on the Internet.
14. What does the woman spend most of her time doing online?
A. Reading useless information. B. Carrying out research. C. Doing her homework.
15. What does the woman think of the chat rooms online?
A. Useful. B. Unreliable. C. Boring.
16. What do the speakers decide to do together this evening?
A. Finish their college work. B. Play computer games. C. Watch a film.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When was the sweater bought?
A. On September 25th. B. On October 12th. C. On October 25th.
18. What is the speaker’s problem with the sweater?
A. It was the wrong size.
B It was washed in a wrong way.
C It became out of shape.
19. What does the speaker mainly complain about?
A. The price. B. The service. C. The quality.
20. Who is the speaker probably speaking to?
A. A manager. B. A shop assistant. C. A member of the helpline staff.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Here are some great people and their achievements.
Mary Anderson — windscreen wiper
Back on a freezing winter’s day in 1902, Mary Anderson was travelling by train through New York City. Snow was falling, forcing the driver to stop repeatedly and get out to clear it. Each time the door opened, Mary suffered a gust of sub-zero air. She had an idea: why not make some kind of a rubber blade that could be operated from inside the vehicle? And that’s exactly what she did.
Josephine Cochrane — dishwasher
The dishwasher dates back even earlier to the 19th century, and to the dinner parties thrown by a lady called Josephine Cochrane. As a frequent host, she wanted a machine that could wash dishes faster than people. Her response was to develop what was to become the first commercially successful dishwasher. Interestingly, innovation was in her blood: her grandfather had invented the steamboat.
Stephanie Kwolek — Kevlar
Kevlar is the lightweight fibre used in bulletproof vests. The material is used by millions every day and has saved countless lives. The super tough fabric is also used in objects ranging from gloves to airplanes. Incredibly, its strength-to-weight ratio(比强度) is five times higher than steel. Again, it was invented by a woman, the American chemist Stephanie Kwolek, in 1964.
Grace Hopper — first compiler(编译程序)
One of the most important inventions of the 20th century must surely be the computer programme. The world of programming is unbalanced in terms of gender. Men vastly outnumber women, and take home around 30% more pay than their female counterparts on average. But back in the 1940s and 1950s, women were at the forefront of this new field. Grace Hopper is credited with inventing the first compiler in 1952, which serves as the bridge between code and the binary(二进制的) ones and zeros understood by computers.
1. What do the inventions mentioned in the passage have in common?
A. Their inventors are all females.
B. They were all invented in the 19th century.
C. They were invented for the convenience of the inventors.
D. They were the most important inventions at their times.
2. What do we know about Josephine Cochrane?
A. She invented the dishwasher as well as the steamboat.
B. She was greatly inspired by her grandfather.
C. It troubled her a lot to wash dishes after parties.
D. She invented the dishwasher at the request of her guests.
3. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Windscreen wipers came out earlier than dishwashers.
B. Mary Anderson’s invention saved countless drivers’ lives.
C. Grace Hopper is a pioneer in computer programme.
D. Kevlar is five times lighter than steel.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C
【解析】
这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了四位伟大女性以及她们的发明创造。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据原文中前两个人物She had an idea和 she wanted a machine that could wash dishes faster than people.以及第三个人物 Again, it was invented by a woman, the American chemist Stephanie Kwolek, in 1964.第四个人物But back in the 1940s and 1950s, women were at the forefront of this new field. Grace Hopper is credited with inventing the first compiler in 1952,中she、woman、women可知，本文四位伟大的人物的共同点是都是女性。故选A。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据原文The dishwasher dates back even earlier to the 19th century, and to the dinner parties thrown by a lady called Josephine Cochrane. As a frequent host, she wanted a machine that could wash dishes faster than people.可知，Josephine Cochrane发明洗碗机是因为她经常举行宴会，每次聚会后她都要清洗一堆餐盘，这让她很烦恼，她希望有一台快速清洗盘子的机器。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段Grace Hopper is credited with inventing the first compiler in 1952, which serves as the bridge between code and the binary(二进制的) ones and zeros understood by computers.可知，Grace Hopper发明了第一个编译程序，故可推知对电脑编程来说她是一个先驱人物。故选C。

B
My six-year-old son, Stephen, was in front of the TV and smiled. His favorite show was about to begin---a Phoenix Suns basketball game.
“Ladies and gentlemen," the announcer’s voice was heard, “here is your starting lineup (首发阵容).” The arena (球场) darkened and the lights flashed when the players ran into the court to sing their team song. Stephen clapped and danced around. My wife Lorrie and I laughed. Stephen had been performing this for months. “One day I’m going to take you to a game, son,” I promised.
About a year later, the construction company where I worked finished a project for a Suns player. One afternoon my boss called me. “The player has two extra tickets for tonight’s game! Just pick them up at my office,” he said. I picked up the tickets, but felt a little disappointed when I looked at the clock. Even if I had had a helicopter, we would never have gone to the arena in time for the player introductions. Stephen would miss his favorite part! I grabbed my key, got Stephen in my car and hit the road. “Lord,” I prayed, “I’d love to see the joy on Stephen’s face. Help us make it on time.”
When I drove, it began to rain heavily. Suddenly, lightning flashed right near the arena! I turned on the radio to listen to the game. The announcer said there’d been a power failure at America West Arena. Everyone was fine, but there would be a delay until they got everything running. Finally, I parked the car and we walked in hurriedly to take our seats. I hoped that we hadn’t missed the introductions.
The very moment we entered the arena, the lights darkened. The music started. “Ladies and gentlemen, here’s your starting lineup!” Stephen’s eyes grew wide. There wasn’t enough space for him to dance around, but I could tell that his heart was leaping more than his body was able to. Thank heaven, he hadn’t missed a thing. And neither had I.
4. How did the author get the tickets?
A. His boss bought the tickets from a Suns player for him.
B. He bought the tickets from his boss.
C. His boss gave him the tickets as a reward for his work.
D. A Suns player offered the tickets for their work.
5. Why did the author feel disappointed when he got the tickets?
A. The game had already begun when he picked up the tickets.
B. The arena where the game would take place was too old.
C. It was too late for them to catch the beginning of the game.
D. He had no way to get a helicopter to take his son to the arena.
6. What might cause the delay of the game?
A. The arena was too wet and dirty after the heavy rain.
B. Lightning destroyed something at the arena.
C. The audience did not come to the arena on time.
D. The players came to the arena late because of the heavy rain.
7. What did the author mean by saying “And neither had I”?
A. He kept his promise to his son. B. He didn’t lose his job.
C. He didn’t miss a great match. D. He felt his son’s joy.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。作者的儿子喜欢看菲尼克斯太阳队的比赛，而他最终有幸带孩子到现场观看。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的the construction company where I worked finished a project for a Suns player…. The player has two extra tickets for tonight’s game! Just pick them up at my office,..
可知，作者所在的建筑公司为太阳队的一位队员完成了工程，该队员送给他们两张票，老板送给了作者。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的but felt a little disappointed when I looked al the clockin time for the player introductions可知，作者看了看时间怕赶不上开场介绍，感到些许沮丧。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。要根据第四段的Suddenly，lightning flashed right near the arena! The announcer said there’d been a power failure at America west Arena可以推断出，这次比赛推迟极有可能是因为闪电击中了球场的某个设备造成了停电，故选B。
【7题详解】
词义猜测题。根据最后一段的Thank heaven, he hadn’t missed a thing. And neither had I. 谢天谢地，他没有错过一件事。我也没有（错过）。由此可推知，儿子最终没有错过比赛，而他也实现了对儿子的承诺，即第二段末句所提的带他去现场看比赛。故选A。

C
Cli-Fi refers to ＂climate fiction＂; it is a term invented by journalist Dan Bloom. These are fictional books that somehow or someway bring real climate change science to the reader. What is really interesting is that Cli-Fi books often present real science in a believable way. They become fun teaching tools. There are some really well known authors such as Paolo Bacigalupi and Margaret Atwood. A list of other candidate Cli-Fi novels was provided by Sarah Holding in the Guardian.
What makes a Cli-Fi novel good? In my opinion, it has to have some real science in it. And it has to get the science right. Second, it has to be fun to read. When done correctly, Cli-Fi can connect people to their world; it can help us understand what future climate may be like, or what current climate effects are.
One thing that is hard to imagine is the future. What will the world be like decades from now when Earth temperatures have continued to rise? What will agriculture be like? What will coastal communities be like? It is also hard to imagine what living a subsistence agriculture life is like, today. What happens to lives and communities when the rains change, or don’t come at all? What would that world look like?
One recent example of Cli-Fi literature is South Pole Station by Ashley Shelby. In this book we follow Cooper Gosling, who is traveling to a research location on Antarctica to create paintings. Yes, an artist is sent to live with researchers and crew — with funding from the National Science Foundation. After arriving at the South Pole, Cooper has to become acquainted with the strange social system that exists there. Ashley writes the book in such a way that you actually feel you are huddled(拥挤) in the cold with her and her co-workers.
8. What makes Cli-Fi books so attractive?
A. They are about real climate change.
B. The climate change described in them seems true.
C. They are a great help to teaching on campus.
D. The books are written by famous authors.
9. What does the author think of the future?
A. It is desirable. B. It is frightening.
C. It is unbelievable. D. It is uncertain.
10. What does Cooper Gosling go to Antarctica to do?
A. Go sightseeing. B. Do research.
C. Paint pictures. D. Gain knowledge.
11. The social system existing at the South Pole that Cooper has to face ____________.
A. is unusual B. is complex
C. is unfair D. is colorful
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. A
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了Cli-Fi是什么，它的特点和重要作用。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段In my opinion, it has to have some real science in it. And it has to get the science right.可知Cli-Fi books吸引人之处在于里面包含了真正的关于天气变化的科学，故选B.
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段One thing that is hard to imagine is the future.和后面列举的一些不确定的问题可知作者认为未来充满了许多不确定，故选D.
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段Cooper Gosling, who is traveling to a research location on Antarctica to create paintings. Yes, an artist is sent to live with researchers and crew可知Cooper Gosling是一位艺术家，他去南极作画。故选C.
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段After arriving at the South Pole, Cooper has to become acquainted with the strange social system that exists there.可知Cooper必须熟悉那里存在的奇怪的社会系统，由此可见那里的社会系统是不寻常的。故选A.

D
Western conservation groups are seeking stricter laws to deal with trade in endangered wildlife, but Dr. Paul Jepson warns that this isn’t the best solution. He highlights the case of the Bali starling (八哥). Bringing in tougher laws created unexpected outcomes, which contributed to the bird’s extinction in the wild in 2006.
He said that the traditional law enforcement (执行) approach that outlawed (宣布……非法) ownership of the Bali starling in the 1980s and 1990s increased rather than reduced the demand for wild-caught Bali starlings. The bird has become a popular gift among the rich of Indonesia, who can gain more status by owning one.
Instead, a case-by-case analysis might be needed. Last year, he said, a bird association set up a network of breeders (饲养者) among the owners of Bali starling on the island of Java. By introducing a “crowd-breeding” model, it transformed the bird into a species whose price and source of supply were publicly known. This lessened the status of keeping such birds and thereby reduced their profitability to black market suppliers.
Another case was on Nusa Penida, an island southeast of Bali. A Balinese conservation group planned to release starlings on the island. Critics tried to block the plan, saying the island was outside the birds’ native zone. Eventually, the Governor of Bali came up with a proposal. The starlings were given to a local temple as a ceremonial offering before they were released. This gave the Bali starling status as a “sacred bird”, giving them protection under customary laws. Now the released starlings established a breeding population on Nusa Penida.
Dr. Jepson commented, “I do not want to criticize the international approach seeking tighter law enforcement, but this case study shows we should not oversimplify how we respond to the problem of the wildlife trade. There is a growing body of evidence that shows more different approaches are sometimes needed to fit with the local social and political realities. We should tailor solutions on more of a case-by-case basis.”
12. What might speed up the wild Bali starling’s extinction in 2006?
A. The bad natural environment.
B. The side effect of strict protection laws.
C. The debate over the wildlife trade.
D. The popularity of the bird in the world.
13. Why was the “crowd-breeding” model introduced?
A. To block the strict laws passed by the government.
B. To cut off the supply to the black market.
C. To make the Bali starling less profitable.
D. To increase the demand for the Bali starling.
14. What can we know about the case-by-case analysis?
A. It implies there’s more than one way to solve a problem.
B. It advocates stricter law enforcement.
C. It has attracted close attention of conservation groups.
D. It is acknowledged as the best solution to illegal wildlife trade.
15. What is the best title for the text?
A. Stricter enforcement is needed for the biodiversity of Indonesia
B. The Bali starling comes back to Nusa Penida
C. Cutting off the market for the illegal wildlife trade
D. Tougher laws to reduce wildlife trade are not enough
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D
【解析】
本文为说明文。主要内容是在保护濒临灭绝的动物方面，制定严厉的法律并不一定最有效，Dr. Jepson主张灵活的保护措施。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的Bringing in tougher laws created unexpected outcomes, which contributed to the bird’s extinction in the wild in 2006.可知，Dr. Jepson认为严格的法律实施会有副作用，2006年野生八哥的灭绝就与这个有关。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的it transformed the bird into a species whose price and source of supply were publicly known. This lessened the status of keeping such birds and thereby reduced their profitability to black market suppliers.可知，引进此种“群体繁殖”模式意味着公开了巴厘的售价与来路，减少了巴厘八哥在黑市上的盈利空间，故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段There is a growing body of evidence that shows more different approaches are sometimes needed to fit with the local social and political realities. We should tailor solutions on more of a case-by-case basis.可知，有时需要更多不同的方法来适应当地的社会和政治现实。我们应该根据具体情况量身定制解决方案。这也是Dr. Jepson一直强调的观点，故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文以及第一段的…but Dr. Paul Jepson warns that this isn’t the best solution.
可知，通过巴厘八哥的例子阐述了在减少野生动植物非法贸易方面，制定严厉的法律并不是最有效的，D项（更严格的法律来减少野生动物贸易是不够的）适合作为标题。故选D。

第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Be Healthy and Happy
We all want to be healthy, happy, free of stress and more productive in life.
1. Get enough sleep. It not only keeps you healthy but also you will be happier. It is said that “Early to bed, early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.” ___16___
2. Drink plenty of water. ____17____ The benefits of water are amazing. Water helps keep your skin clear, leaving you feeling happier and better about your body. Water is just simply an amazing source in itself for your overall health. Try to drink 8 glasses a day.
3. Smile and laugh. Don’t get sad over small problems or take any joke seriously which hurt you. Instead, if you feel so hurt, you prefer to stay away from that friend. ____18____ Respect your friend from a good perspective. Smile and laugh all the time and you will be happy.
4. ____19____ Help your mom do the dishes, help out your dad in the kitchen, clean your room, or do anything that could help your family. It will not only make them love you more, but you will feel happy knowing you have done good even if you moved out twenty years ago and are a father yourself.
5. Have goals. Always believe you can achieve. If you can dream it, you can achieve it, no matter what. ____20____ Organization plays a very important role in achieving goals, so organize yourself.
A. Help out your family.
B. Don’t get in touch with him/her.
C. So make sure you go to sleep earlier.
D. Of course keep goals and dreams realistic.
E. Water is good for everything in your body.
F. The majority of our body is made up of water.
G. However, don’t show him that you don't like him.
【答案】16. C 17. E
18. G 19. A
20. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章对如何保持健康幸福提出了几条建议。
【16题详解】
根据建议1第一句“Get enough sleep”可知，这一段主要介绍充足睡眠的好处，所以结尾句也必然与睡眠有关，C句“所以确保早睡”符合句意。答案是C。
【17题详解】
建议2第一句就说“多喝水”，后一句主要介绍多喝水都有哪些好处，所以中间一句应该是“喝水对身体有好处”，只有E符合句意。答案是E。
【18题详解】
建议3中说不要认真看待那些伤害你的玩笑。如果你感觉很受伤，你应该远离那个朋友。根据上下文因果关系，所以下一句应该是你不要跟他/她联系。所以答案是G。
【19题详解】
根据建议4第二句“Help your mom do the dishes, help out your dad in the kitchen, clean your room, or do anything that could help your family”可知，你应该在家帮助父母干点活、做做家务。选项A. Help out your family.符合本段内容，故选A。
【20题详解】
根据建议5第一句可知，这一段是关于设立目标。剩下选项中只有D项保持显示目标和梦想和本主题有关，所以选D。
【点睛】这篇七选五比较简单。在做这类题型时，要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，关注段与段之间和句与句之间的逻辑关系。这篇文章简单就简单在语篇结构非常清晰：一上来就给了主旨意思非常明确的文章标题“如何变得健康幸福”，其后的每一条建议单独成段。而每一小段的语篇结构都是主题句（总）+支撑句（分），层次分明，脉络清晰。像第二段第一句Get enough sleep就是主题句，在其后的空格选择选项时，必然选择与睡眠有关的选项。而第五段后面的句子内容是建议你帮助父母做家务，不仅能让你父母更爱你，等你离家多年并当了父亲以后，你也会为自己曾经做过的事而感到幸福。这些句子都可以帮助你迅速找到本段的主题句Help out your family。

第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A，B，C，D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
One day when I was 15 years old, I had some friends over to hang out. While we were making food in the ____21____, my brother came in. He ____22____ his beef next to my thick one and said, “Courtney, your beef is bigger than mine. You don’t need to eat; you’re already fat enough.” Then he walked out, laughing.
___23___ comments on my physical appearance were nothing new. Something inside me ____24____ to his idea that my legs were unacceptable, and that became the last day that I ever willingly wore ____25____ until I was 30 years old. For the next 15 years, I spent summer after summer roasting in long pants.
But then I ____26____ Ragen Chastain, and she changed everything. I couldn’t believe that this woman who, like myself, almost ____27____ 300 pounds was so ____28____ and happy in her own skin. I listened ____29____ she shared her own journey to recovery and self-love. She talked about how amazing our bodies are, just by ____30____ of the things they do every day-like ____31____,pumping blood to every ceil, blinking and walking..
Walking! I was suddenly aware of how foolish I’d been for so long. There’re people who are born ____32____ legs, or who lack properly working legs, or who ____33____ their legs, and I’d been ____34____ my perfectly strong, healthy, beautiful legs in ____35____ because I had allowed someone to ____36____ me that they weren’t good enough. The next day, I bought three pairs of shorts and a sundress and spent the entire summer letting my legs see the sun and feel the ____37____.
The next time anyone comments on your body in a ____38____ way, look them straight in the eye, smile and say, “If what you see ____39____ you so much, feel free to practice the ancient art of looking somewhere else.” That’s Ragen’s original, but I don’t think she’ll mind ____40____ you use it.
21. A. classroom B. kitchen C. bedroom D. dorm
22. A. offered B. devoted C. placed D. organized
23. A. Unpleasant B. Eventual C. Regretful D. Skeptical
24. A. took up B. got down C. gave in D. tried out
25. A. shirts B. shorts C. trousers D. socks
26. A. asked B. related C. approved D. met
27. A. possessed B. corresponded C. opposed D. weighed
28. A. typical B. energetic C. explicit D. genetic
29. A. as B. because C. unless D. though
30. A. feature B. character C. means D. gender
31. A. shopping B. swimming C. breathing D. applauding
32. A. with B. despite C. without D. within
33. A. waste B. lose C. reject D. keep
34. A. hiding B. using C. doubting D. blaming
35. A. surprise B. ruins C. astonishment D. shame
36. A. advise B. convince C. persuade D. educate
37. A. breeze B. warmth C. taste D. freeze
38. A. positive B. negative C. different D. specific
39. A. abandons B. distributes C. bothers D. benefits
40. A. since B. until C. although D. if
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. C 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D 36. B 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. D
【解析】
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要内容是讲了15年前作者弟弟的一句话让他放弃了穿短裤，而15年后和Ragon的相遇，让作者对自己有了重新的认识。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们在厨房做饭的时候，我弟弟进来了。A. classroom教室；B. kitchen厨房；C. bedroom卧室；D. dorm寝室。根据语境可知，做饭应该在厨房，故选B。
22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把他的牛肉放在我的厚牛肉旁边。A. offered提供；B. devoted贡献；C. placed放置；D. organized组织。根据句意可知，此处place做动词，意为“放置”，与题意相符，故选C。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我外貌的不愉快评论并不是什么新鲜事。A. Unpleasant不高兴的；B. Eventual最后的；C. Regretful遗憾的；D. Skeptical怀疑的。根据前文作者弟弟的评论，可以看出那些评论并不令人愉快，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查词组辨析。句意：我内心的某种东西屈服于他的想法——我的腿是不可接受的，A. took up从事；B. got down下来；C. gave in让步；D. tried out尝试。根据下文可知，作者把那天当做是最后一天穿短裤，可见作者屈服了他兄弟的想法，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那成为我最后一天愿意穿短裤，直到我30岁。A. shirts衬衫；B. shorts短裤；C. trousers裤子；D. socks袜子。根据下文的For the next 15 years, I spent summer after summer roasting in long pants.可知，在接下来的15年里作者在夏天只穿长裤可知，那天是作者最后一天穿短裤，故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但后来我遇到了拉根·查斯坦，她改变了一切。A. asked询问；B. related与……有关；C. approved赞同；D. met遇见。根据句意可知，作者遇到了Ragen Chastain，故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不敢相信这个女人，像我一样，差不多有300磅重，A. possessed占有；B. corresponded 回应；C. opposed反对；D. weighed称重。根据句意可知，这个女人差不多重300磅，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：竟然如此精力充沛，对自己的皮肤如此满意。A. typical 典型的；B. energetic精力充沛的；C. explicit明确的；D. genetic遗传的。根据下文的happy in her own skin.可知，这个女人是“精力充沛的”，故选B。
【29题详解】
考查状语从句连词辨析。句意：我听着她分享她自己的康复和自爱之旅。A. as一边……一边……；B. because因为；C. unless除非；D. though尽管。此处用as引导时间状语从句，意为“我一边听她一边分享”，故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她谈到我们的身体是多么神奇，仅仅通过他们每天所做的事情。A. feature特征；B. character性格；C. means方法；D. gender性别。根据句意可知，by means of是固定搭配，意为“用、通过”，符合句意，故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：呼吸、供血到每一个细胞、眨眼和走路。A. shopping购物；B. swimming游泳；C. breathing呼吸；D. applauding鼓掌。根据前文可知，此处说的是身体的一些功能，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：有些人生来就没有腿，或者没有正常工作的腿，或者失去了腿。A. with带着；B. despite尽管；C. without没有；D. within在……之内。根据句意可知，有些人生来就没有腿，故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些人生来就没有腿，或者没有正常工作的腿，或者失去了腿。A. waste浪费；B. lose丢失；C. reject拒绝；D. keep保持。根据句意可知，此处指失去了腿，故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直羞愧地隐藏着我完美强壮、健康、美丽的腿，A. hiding隐藏；B. using使用；C. doubting疑惑；D. blaming责备。根据句意可知，作者一直穿着长裤把腿隐藏了起来，故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一直羞愧地隐藏着我完美强壮、健康、美丽的腿，A. surprise惊讶；B. ruins废墟；C. astonishment惊讶；D. shame害羞。根据句意可知，in shame意为“羞愧的”，相当于副词，故选D。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为我允许别人让我相信他们不够好。A. advise建议；B. convince使信服；C. persuade劝说；D. educate教育。根据句意可知，convince意为“使……信服”，符合句意，故选B。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天，我买了三条短裤和一件太阳裙，整个夏天都让我腿看到阳光，感受微风。A. breeze微风；B. warmth温暖；C. taste口味；D. freeze冻结。根据语境可知，作者穿了短裤让自己的腿感受阳光和微风，故选A。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：下次有人用负面的方式评论你的身体时，直视他们的眼睛，微笑着说。A. positive积极的；B. negative消极的；C. different不同的；D. specific特殊的。根据句意可知，negative意为“消极的、负面的”，符合题意，故选B。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你看到的东西让你很烦恼，那么你可以自由地练习古老的看别的地方的艺术。A. abandons 抛弃；B. distributes分布；C. bothers困扰；D. benefits对……有利；根据语境可知，bother意为“使困扰”，符合题意，故选C。
【40题详解】
考查状语从句连词辨析。句意：那是Ragen的原创，但我不认为她会介意你用它。A. since自从；B. until知道；C. although尽管；D. if如果。根据句意可知，此处if引导条件状语从句，如果你使用这种方法（看别的地方的艺术）Ragen是不会介意的，故选D。

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
We were studying Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet in the class. Each of us ____41____ (require) to play a scene from the play, and I ____42____ (joke) asked to play the nurse. How the classmates responded aroused my interest. They thought I, a guy, couldn’t play the nurse. But I decided I was going to be the ____43____ (good) nurse to explode on the stage of the class. That fateful week, I imprinted the lines of the nurse in my head. On the day of the ____44____ (perform), I walked onto the stage, ____45____ (dress) in my grandmother’s Italian suit, and poured my heart and soul ____46____ the scene. ____47____ look of astonishment on my classmates’ faces was all I needed to realize what school ____48____ (mean) to me. School was a place ____49____ I could explore unknown areas of my mind and uncover new ideas about the world. Perhaps this realization had never shown _____50_____ (it) before, because I never been brave enough to uncover it.
【答案】41. was required
42. jokingly
43. best 44. performance
45. dressed
46. into 47. The
48. meant 49. where
50. itself
【解析】
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲的是作者在班级情景剧《罗密欧与朱丽叶》扮演一名护士，通过自己的表演意识到学校对作者的意义。
【41题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：我们每个人都被要求扮演剧中的一个场景。分析句子结构可知，空处填谓语动词，再根据语境可知，此处用一般过去时，each of us和require之间是被动关系，则空处用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was required。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：我开玩笑地要求扮演护士。分析句子结构可知，空处填副词修饰asked，根据句意可知，jokingly意为“开玩笑地”，故填jokingly。
【43题详解】
考查形容词的最高级。句意：但是我决定我要成为班级舞台上爆发的最好的护士。根据空前the和句意可知，空处填good的最高级best，意为“最好的”，故填best。
【44题详解】
考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处填名词，performance意为“表演”，故填performance。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我穿着祖母的意大利套装走上舞台，全身心地投入到这个场景中。分析句子结构可知，空处填非谓语动词，dress表示“穿戴”时，通常用于be dressed in结构中，且此处是做非谓语动词，故填dressed。
【46题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：我穿着祖母的意大利套装走上舞台，全身心地投入到这个场景中。根据句意可知，put…into…是固定搭配，意为“把……投入……中去”，故填into。
【47题详解】
考查冠词。句意：同学们脸上惊讶的表情让我明白了学校对我的意义。分析句子结构可知，此处look是名词，意为“表情”，故空处填冠词，根据语境可知，此处指“同学们脸上的表情”，表示特指，故填The。
【48题详解】
考查时态。分析句子结构可知，空处填谓语动词，再结合语境可知，此处用一般过去时，故填meant。
【49题详解】
考查定语从句连词。分析句子结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词是a place在从句中做地点状语，故填where。
【50题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：也许我以前从来没有意识到这一点，因为我从来没有足够的勇气去发现它。分析句子结构可知，空处填代词，再结合语境可知，此处填itself指代realization本身，故填itself。

第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Good morning, everyone! Today, I’d like to talk about culture shock. Perhaps you think studying in different country is something sounded very exciting. It is a new experience, where brings the opportunity of discovering amazed things. It also brought a feeling of freedom. Despite of these advantages, therefore, there are also some challenges you will face. You may have difficulty adjust to quite different things. To be exactly, culture shock is a feeling of anxiety, uncertainty and confusion felt by people when you first arrive in another country.
【答案】第一处：different前加a
第二处：sounded→sounding
第三处：where→which
第四处：amazed→amazing
第五处：brought→brings
第六处：Despite后的of去掉
第七处：therefore→however
第八处：adjust→adjusting
第九处：exactly→exact
第十处：when后的you→they
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文（演讲稿）。作者从自己的角度简谈文化冲击。
【详解】第一处：考查冠词。句意：也许你认为在不同的国家学习听起来很令人兴奋。根据句意可知，在此处的different country表示泛指，故将different前加a。
第二处：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，sounded是过去分词，表示被动，和题意不符，sounding是现在分词做后置定语，意为“听起来”，故将sounded改成sounding。
第三处：考查定语从句连词。分析句子结构可知，where在定语从句中作地点状语，而此处的从句缺少主语，又因先行词是a new experience，故将where改成which。
第四处：考查形容词。句意：这是一种新的体验，它带来了发现神奇事物的机会。根据句意可知，amazing意为“令人惊讶的”，通常修饰物，而amazed意为“惊讶的”，通常主语是人，故将amazed改为amazing。
第五处：考查时态。根据语境可知，此处应该用一般现在时，故将brought改成brings。
第六处：考查介词。句意：尽管有这些优势，但是你也会面临一些挑战。根据句意可知，despite意为“虽然、尽管”，本身是介词，其后无需再加介词，故将Despite后的of去掉。
第七处：考查副词。句意：尽管有这些优势，但是你也会面临一些挑战。根据句意可知，此处是转折关系，而非因果关系，故将therefore改成however。
第八处：考查固定搭配。句意：你可能很难适应完全不同的事物。根据句意可知，have difficulty (in) doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“做……有困难”，故将adjust改成adjusting。
第九处：考查固定搭配。句意：确切地说，文化冲击是一种焦虑感。根据句意可知，to be exact是固定搭配，意为“确切地说”，故将exactly改成exact。
第十处：考查人称代词。语意：确切地说，文化冲击是人们刚到另一个国家时的一种焦虑、不确定和困惑的感觉。根据句意可知，they在此处指people，people是复数名词，不能用you来指代，故将when后的you改成they。

第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是李华，为了提高市民的环保意识，倡导垃圾分类，你校志愿者社团将组织部分志愿者到鸠兹广场参加志愿者活动。请你用英语给你的好友Tom写一封电子邮件，邀请他一同前去。内容包括：
1. 活动时间：2. 活动内容：3. 交通工具。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Tom,
I have learnt that a voluntary activity will be organized to raise public awareness of environmental protection and promote garbage classification next Sunday. I’m writing to invite you to join us.
Some volunteers of our school will gather at the JiuZi Square at 9:00 next Sunday morning. We can go there either by bike or by bus. We are to put up some posters about how to live a low-carbon life and how to classify different garbage. Additionally. We will present some small hand-made gifts to the citizens. Then, we will work in groups to pick up the trash and sweep the square. If you are willing to join us, please let me know.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文。给Tom写一封电子邮件，邀请他一同参加学校组织的志愿者活动。
【详解】第一步：
首先审题，给Tom写一封电子邮件，邀请他一同参加学校组织的志愿者活动。
第二步：
确认时态，选用正确的人称和时态，本文可用一般现在时或一般将来时，第一人称来写。然后写出单个句子，使用正确的连词，连句成段。
第三步：
文章可以分为三段，第一段进行背景介绍以及写信目的；第二段详细介绍活动时间、活动内容、以及到达活动场所的交通方式；第三段提出期望对方的回复。
第四步：
注意事项：①写这篇文章时，要注意文中给出的细节都要包括，不要遗漏；
②这篇文章对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可；
③写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题；
④尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点睛】本篇书面表达要点全面，结构紧凑，是一篇较好的范文。这篇短文使用了大量的高级词汇、复合句和高级语法。例如：
高级词汇：raise public awareness of environmental protection提升公众的环保意识、promote garbage classification提倡垃圾分类、a low-carbon life低碳生活、hand-made gifts手工制作的礼物；
逻辑连接词：Additionally,…. Then,….
宾语从句：I have learnt that a voluntary activity will be organized to raise public awareness of environmental protection and promote garbage classification next Sunday.