人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 5 Languages around the world巩固练习

课时分层作业(二十八)　

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

In the last several hundred years，English has borrowed words and expressions from other languages.It may surprise you that English has taken lots of words from Japanese.Here are two examples.

In English，tycoon refers to a very rich businessman.Tycoon comes from the Japanese taikun，meaning “great lord or prince”．

In the mid­1800s，the United States was ready to use military (军事的) power to force Japan to re­open business with the West.When American officer Matthew Perry arrived in Japan，he refused to meet with anyone other than the highest leader in the country.

The Japanese introduced their shogun (a general) to Perry.But they were concerned that the English translation would not seem powerful enough to Perry.So they introduced their shogun using the title taikun.

The word tycoon soon became popular in America.It came to mean “top leader”．Even Abraham Lincoln began to like the word.When he was president，people called him tycoon as well.

The next example is hunky­dory.This word means “fine” or “free of trouble or problems”．

The word hunky­dory is actually a combination (结合) of words from two languages.The first part of the word，“hunky”， means “in a safe place”．

 In the mid­1800s，“hunk” was a word that children in New York City used in street games.In this game，one or more players run after other players，trying to touch them with their hands.If the players reach the safe place before being caught，they are considered “safe”．

 The story of the second part of the word “dory” comes from the Japanese word honcho­dori.This was believed to be a street in Japan where American soldiers went to have fun while they were working there.

【语篇解读】　几百年以前，英语向其他语言“借词”来扩充词汇量，以丰富其含义。我们会发现英语中有很多词来源于日语，下面让我们一起来看两个例子吧。

1．Why did Matthew Perry visit Japan?

A．To see the top leader in Japan.

B．To learn more about the Japanese culture.

C．To conquer Japan.

D．To make it do business with the West again.

D　[细节理解题。根据第三段．..use military(军事的)power to force Japan to re­open business with the West.可知Matthew Perry出访日本的目的是为了打开日本的大门，迫使其同西方国家进行交易。]

2．What did tycoon mean at first in America?

A．Great prince.

B．Top leader.

C．Powerful businessman.

D．Rich person.

B　[细节理解题。根据第五段It came to mean“top leader”．可知tycoon在美国流行后，最初是“最高领导人”的意思。]

3．What do we know about hunky­dory?

A．It could be explained as being in a dangerous place.

B．It came from a street game in New York.

C．It had the same meaning as honcho­dori.

D．It joined two words of different languages together.

D　[细节理解题。根据第七段The word hunky­dory is actually a combination (结合)of words from two languages.可知hunky­dory实际上是两种语言的合成词。]

4．Which of the following is the main idea of the text?

A．There are English words borrowed from Japanese.

B．English has more words than Japanese.

C．Language changes are happening more and more quickly.

D．Japanese will change into English in the end.

A　[主旨大意题。根据全文可知，文章主要介绍了从日语中发展而来的英语词汇。]

B

Learning to speak English well may be the best thing you can do to improve your life.That's right.If you can communicate in English，you can：

Contact people from all over the world.Talk about your ideas and opinions on the Internet discussion groups.Send e­mail to interesting people.Learn about their life and culture.Travel more easily.Communicate with people wherever you go—English is spoken in more than 100 countries.Ask directions，have a conversation，or...ask for help.Who knows，maybe English will save your life someday!

Push your career forward.If you want to find a good job in business，technology，or science，get out of that armchair and start learning English now! (If you already have a good job，start learning before you lose it！)

Knowing English will let you：

Put “excellent knowledge of English” on your CV (履历)．Get your dream job，and earn more money.

Gain technical knowledge.English is the language of technology，especially high technology like computer science，genetics，and medicine.If you're going to read about technology，you'll probably have to do it in English.

Learn computer science.Read technical articles without difficulty or write your own articles!

Be a world­class businessman (or businesswoman)．It's simple.International business is done in English.And all business today is international.So if you want to play，you have to know English—to contact other business people，go to conferences，read international business newspapers and magazines，etc.

Become a better scientist.Contact scientists from other countries，go to international conferences，and visit academic centers abroad.Learn about new scientific discoveries by reading papers，books，and magazines.

Use your computer more effectively.Most computer applications are in English，so you will understand them better and become a better employee.

【语篇解读】　本文为说明文，主要介绍了说英语和掌握好英语的益处。

5．According to the passage，knowing English will let you________.

A．travel in your country more easily

B．gain technical knowledge

C．contact people all over your country

D．watch television networks

B　[细节理解题。根据文中的“Knowing English will let you：...Gain technical knowledge.”可知，掌握英语有助于获取技术知识。故选B。]

6．Sending e­mail to interesting people is a way to _________.

A．learn knowledge

B．contact people

C．become a better scientist

D．work better

B　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Contact people from all over the world.Talk about your ideas and opinions on the Internet discussion groups.Send e­mail to interesting people.”可知，给那些有趣的人发送邮件是和其他人联系的一种方式。故选B。]

7．A world­class business person may________.

A．write his/her own articles

B．read international business newspapers

C．talk about his/her ideas and opinions

D．read about technology

B　[推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的内容可推断出，一个世界一流的商人可能会读国际商业报纸。故选B。]

8．If you don't learn English，you may lose________.

A．your good job　　　　 B．your family

C．your friends  D．your game

A　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“If you already have a good job，start learning before you lose it！”可知，如果你不学英语的话，你有可能会失去你的工作。故选A。]

Ⅱ.阅读七选五

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Do you have a headache about learning English? Here are some tips that may help you to understand the language better.

__1__

The biggest problem that most people face is their own fear.__2__ Some say that they will look stupid.Some are afraid that they cannot get themselves understood.So they don't say anything at all.Don't do this.The fastest way to learn English is to say it again and again until you get it right.Like everything else，English requires practice.Don't let a little fear stop you from getting what you want.

Surround (围绕) Yourself with English

__3__ Put English books around，listen to English news and watch English movies.Speak English with your friends whenever you can.The more English material that you have around you，the more progress you will make.

Listen to English Music

Music can be a very effective(有效的) method of learning English.__4__ The best way to learn，though，is to get the lyrics (歌词) you are listening to and sing them as the singer sings.There are several good Internet sites where you can find the lyrics for most songs.__5__ And if you like to sing，even better!

A．Speak Without Fear

B．In fact，English music is a way to help us understand English.

C．Listen to native speakers as much as possible

D．Some people worry that they won't say things correctly.

E．If you listen to the news，you can also hear different accents.

F．The best way to learn English is to surround yourself with it.

G．In this way you can practice your listening and reading at the same time.

【语篇解读】　英语在我们日常生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色，要怎样才能学好英语呢？让我们一起来了解一下吧！

1．A　[总分关系。根据全文结构可知此处需要填本段的小标题，且由本段关键词“their own fear”，再结合选项内容可知A项正确。]

2．D　[并列关系。由后文Some say that they will look stupid.Some are afraid that they cannot get themselves understood.再结合选项内容可知D项正确。]

3．F　[承接关系。由本段小标题再结合选项内容可知F项的关键词“surround yourself with it”与之相呼应，所以F项正确。]

4．B　[递进关系。根据前句Music can be a very effective(有效的)method of learning English.再结合选项内容可知B项正确，意为“事实上，音乐是帮助我们理解英语的一种方法”。]

5．G　[递进关系。根据后句And if you like to sing，even better！再结合选项内容可知G项正确，意为“用这种方式你就能同时练习听力和阅读”。]