2021新课标名师导学高考英语译林版第一轮总复习讲义：必修5Unit1　Gettingalongwithothers

Module 5

Unit 1　Getting along with others


对应学生用书p72
项目
内　容
核心单词

单词拼写(根据汉语或首字母提示完成句子)

1.I have a large circle of friends and 　　　　　　(熟人) engaged in photography.

2.You'd better 　　　　　　(原谅) him； he didn't do it on purpose.

3.If you see him， please give my 　　　　　　(道歉) for not having written to him.

4.His 　　　　　　(评论) not only broke the ice， but aroused everyone's interest.

5.A true friend never 　　　　　　(出卖) his friends even in time of danger.

6.Every citizen should be c　　　　　　 to changing our environment for the better.

7.Sincerely， not only gratitude but also forgiveness is always my a　　　　　　 toward life.

8.As we all know， our eyes are very s　　　　　　 to light.

9.I think it is time you woke up and f　　　　　　 your thoughts on more important matters.

10.In the train to Shanghai， the police asked him to show his i　　　　　　 card.

[答案]

1.acquaintances　2.forgive　3.apology　4.remarks　5.betrays　6.committed　7.attitude　8.sensitive

9.focused　10.identity

词性转换(用所给词的适当形式填空)

1.My cousin did very well in the college entrance examination， so he gained 　　　　　　 into Beijing University. His abilities were 　　　　　　 by his family and relatives.(admit)

2.We all know the fact that if you want to be 　　　　　　， you'd better 　　　　　　 others first.(forgive)

3.Don't speak to your father in this 　　　　　　， or the others will say you have bad 　　　　　　.(manner)

4.Jim is in an 　　　　　　 with his landlord downstairs， who 　　　　　　 that she didn't steal his money.(argue)

5.Jim 　　　　　　 to his girlfriend for his being rude to her， but she didn't accept his 　　　　　　.(apology)

6.Experts 　　　　　　 on where to build a bridge and the 　　　　　　 led to the delay of the project.(disagree)

7.In the 　　　　　　 park， the monkey's 　　　　　　 movements made everybody present 　　　　　　.(amuse)

8.　　　　　　 is an important period between childhood and manhood. Parents should communicate more with an 　　　　　　.(adolescent)

9.　　　　　　， after three years' training abroad the 　　　　　　 athlete became 　　　　　　 in the sports field.(hope)

10.She asked where he'd been，but he didn't 　　　　　　， and in 　　　　　　 to it， she shouted to him “Where have you been？”(respond)

11.Tony is 　　　　　　 to selling the products，because he has made a strong 　　　　　　 to his boss.(commit)

12.As is known to all，Madame Curie was 　　　　　　 and she often showed 　　　　　　 to the poor.(mercy)

[答案]

1.admission；admitted　2.forgiven；forgive　3.manner；manners　4.argument；argues　5.apologized；apology　

6.disagreed；disagreement　7.amusement；amusing；amused　8.Adolescence；adolescent　9.Hopefully；hopeless；hopeful　10.respond；response　11.committed；commitment　12.merciful；mercy


重点短语,汉译英
1.不顾，不管　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　2.对……感到内疚　　　　　　　　　　　
3.最后成为　　　　　　　　 　 4.幸亏，由于　　　 　
5.致力于，以……为己任　　 　 6.(用电话)接通　　 　
7.结果，因此　　　 　 8.信守诺言　　 　
9.当众使某人尴尬　　 　 10.依靠，依赖　　 　
11.以……为基础　　 　 12.劝阻某人不要做……　　 　
13.指控某人(做)某事　　 　 14.因……而向某人道歉　　 　
15.暗中监视，窥探　　 　　 16.禁不住……　　 　
17.(与……)步调一致　　　　　　　　 　 18.扎根于……　　　　　　　 　
[答案]
1.regardless of　2.feel / be guilty about...　3.end up　4.thanks to　5.be committed to　6.get through
7.as a result / as a consequence　8.keep one's word　9.embarrass sb.in public　10.rely on　11.be based on
12.discourage sb.from doing sth.　13.accuse sb.of (doing) sth.　14.apologize to sb.for (doing) sth.
15.spy on　16.can't help doing...　17.keep pace with　18.be anchored in
句型操练·背诵与仿写 ,1.Afterwards，I pretended to be cheerful，but Hannah sensed something was wrong.(P2，L12)
仿写　1)这台电脑出了毛病。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　this computer.
2)琳达怎么了？她好像情绪很低落。
What 　　　　　　　　　　　　？ She seems very down.
2.A boy is likely to be cautious about sharing his feelings with his close friends.(P18，L11­12)
仿写　他可能赢得比赛。
1)He 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
2)It 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
3.Yesterday，I saw him talking to another boy，Peter，and I cannot help wondering if he wants Peter to be his best friend instead of me.(P3，L49­50)
仿写　看到那农民干活累了，她不禁走过去，帮了一把。
Seeing 　　　　　　　　　　　　，she 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
4.Life is no fun without a companion to share it with.(P19，L9­10)
仿写　在语言学习中，你不从错误中学习，就不能取得进步。
You shall make no improvement 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 in language learning.
[答案]
1.1)Something is wrong with / There's something wrong with
2)is wrong / the matter with Linda
2.1)is likely to win that match
2)is likely that he will win that match
3.the farmer (being) tired from / with work；couldn't help going over and gave him a hand
4.without learning from mistakes



对应学生用书p73
☆重点单词☆
1.admit (admits / admitted / admitted / admitting)
vt.承认，允许进入，可容纳
It is generally admitted that staying up late is no good for health.
普遍认为熬夜熬太晚不利于身体健康。
Only ticket­holders will 　be admitted into　 the stadium.
只有持票者才可进入体育场。
I must admit I didn't actually do anything to help her.
我必须承认实际上我并没有帮她忙。
同/ 近义词：
acknowledge
温馨提示：
admit of...的意思是 “容许有”，admit to (doing)...的意思是 “承认，供认”。
必记搭配：
admit (doing)... 承认(做过……)
admit sb./ sth.into / to... 允许……进入……
be admitted as 被接受成为……的一员
be admitted into / to 被……录取(后接学校等)
it is generally admitted that... 一般认为……，……是公认的

完成汉译英：
①必须承认中国还是一个发展中国家。
It must be admitted 　　　　　 China is still a developing country.
②在我们城市大多数公园是免费的，不需要入场费。
Most parks in our city are free. They don't charge money for 　　　　　　.
用所给词的适当形式填空：
③When the police questioned him，George admitted 　　　　　 (steal) the car.
④　　　　　(admit) to his dream university made Jim wild with joy.
[答案与解析]
①that。It must be admitted that...必须承认……。
②admission　③having stolen / stealing
④Being admitted。考查动词­ing形式做主语。句意：被梦寐以求的大学录取让Jim欣喜若狂。分析句子结构可知，空处应用动词­ing形式做主语，且表示“被录取”，故应用动词­ing形式的被动形式。故填Being admitted。
2.pretend (pretends / pretended / pretended / pretending)
vt. & vi.佯装，假装；装扮，扮作
She pretended not to hear it when I started singing.
我唱歌的时候她假装没有听到。
The man tried to pretend that he hadn't stolen the money but his expression gave him away.
这个人想假装他没有偷钱，但是他的表情使他露馅儿了。
同/ 近义词：
assume
温馨提示：
pretend后面只能跟不定式做宾语，不接v­ing分词。而assume常用结构：assume sth.；assume sb.to be...；assume that...。
必记搭配：
pretend to do 假装要做某事(不一定正在进行或者是已经发生)
pretend to be doing 假装正在做……
pretend to have done 假装已经完成……
pretend that­clause 假装……

用所给词的适当形式填空：
①He pretended to 　　　　　　 (read) a book when I came into the room.
②I had been lying to myself，　　　　　　(pretend) that everything was fine.
③Jacy pretended 　　　　　　(know) the answer to the problem already.
[答案与解析]
①be reading。句意：当我进入房间的时候，他假装在读书。pretend to be doing假装正在做某事。
②pretending　③to have known
3.apologize (apologizes / apologized / apologized / apologizing)
vi.道歉；认错，赔不是
That was an awful thing to say： I think you should apologize.
说句难听的话：我想你应该道歉。
The US has 　apologized to Britain for the accident　.
美国已就这次意外事故向英国道歉。
温馨提示：
apologize为不及物动词，不能直接跟宾语，须接介词to或for加宾语。
apology n.道歉；谢罪
必记搭配：
apologize to sb.for sth. 因某事向某人表示歉意
express / give / make an apology to sb.for sth. 因某事向某人表示歉意
accept / refuse an apology 接受 / 拒绝道歉
owe sb.an apology 应向某人道歉
demand an apology from sb. 要求某人道歉
Your behavior was outrageous.I　demand an apology　！
你的行为太无礼了。我要求你道歉！
I owe you an apology for what I said last night—I'm really sorry.
我该为昨晚说的话向你道歉，真对不起。
4.argue (argues / argued / argued / arguing)
vi.争论，辩论；争吵
vt.辩论；议论
It is useless trying to argue with him about it.
同他就这件事争辩是没有用的。
He argued that they needed more time to finish the project.
他争辩着说他们需要更多的时间来完成该项目。
同/ 近义词：
quarrel
必记搭配：
argue with sb. 与某人争吵(争论)
argue about / over sth. 争论某事
argue about / over sth.with sb. 和某人争论某事
argue for sth. 赞成某事
argue against sth. 反对某事
argue sb.into / out of doing sth. 说服某人做/不做某事
argument n. 争论；争辩；争吵；论点；论据
have an argument about / over sth. 辩论某事
settle an argument 解决争端
beyond argument 无可争辩

用适当的介词填空：
①I am determined，so it’s no use arguing 　　　　　　 me.
②They argued me 　　　　　　 buying a new bike.
③He argued 　　　　　　 smoking，and insisted that it was 　　　　　　 argument that smoking was harmful to health.
[答案与解析]
①with。句意：我已经下定决心了，所以与我争论没有用。it’s no use doing sth.做某事没用。argue with sb.与某人争吵。
②into　③against；beyond
5.forgive (forgives / forgave / forgiven / forgiving)
vt.& vi.原谅，饶恕，宽恕；免(某人的)债
If anything happened to the kids，I'd never forgive myself.
如果孩子们出了什么事，我永远也不会原谅自己。
I can't 　forgive him for　 what he did to my sister.
我不会原谅他对我妹妹做的事。
A foreign visitor could be forgiven for thinking football is a religion in this country.
外国来访者认为足球在这个国家是一种宗教，那是可以理解的。
同/ 近义词：
excuse / pardon
必记搭配：
forgive sb.for sth. 原谅某人某事
forgive oneself for doing sth. 因某事自我谅解
6.doubt (doubts / doubted / doubted / doubting)
vi.& vt.怀疑，不信
n.怀疑，疑惑
I　don't doubt that　he's a brilliant scientist，but can he teach？
我不怀疑他是个出色的科学家，但他会教书吗？
You can complain，but I doubt if it'll make any difference.
你可以抱怨，但是我看抱怨也未必有用。
Sally was without doubt one of the finest swimmers in the school.
萨莉确实是学校最优秀的游泳运动员之一。
同/ 近义词：
suspect / question
温馨提示：
doubt后接名词性从句时，否定句常用连词 that，肯定句一般用连接词 whether，if，what，when 等。
必记搭配：
cast / throw doubt on 使人对……产生怀疑
There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问……
in doubt 感到怀疑，拿不准
make no doubt of 对……毫不怀疑
no doubt 无疑地；很可能
without / beyond doubt 无疑地
7.blame (blames / blamed / blamed / blaming)
vi.& vt.责备，谴责；埋怨，把……归咎于
n.过失，责备
It's not fair to blame me—it's not my fault that we lost.
责怪我是不公平的——我们输了又不是我的错。
The report blames poor safety for the accident.
报告把事故的原因归咎于安全标准太低。
You 　are not to blame for　 what happened.
出了事不能怪你。
I always get the blame for his mistakes！
我总是因他的错误而背黑锅。
反义词：
praise
温馨提示：
有许多的词都用于v.＋sb.＋ for...的句型，如：blame，praise，excuse，forgive，thank，etc.
必记搭配：
be to blame 应受责备 / 指责
blame sb./ sth.for... 因……而责备某人 / 某物
blame sth.on sb./ sth. 把……怪到……头上；把某事的责任归咎于某人 / 某物
【运用提升】
Ⅰ.选择括号内适当的单词填空。
1.He didn’t 　　　　　　(pardon / apologize / excuse) for his being late；instead，he made up an excuse for it.
2.Since the man had no choice but to fight back，we'd better 　　　　　　(forgive / ignore / forget) him.
[答案与解析]
1.apologize。句意：他没有为他的迟到道歉；相反，他编造了借口。made up为固定搭配，意为“编造、化妆”，apologize for为……道歉。
2.forgive。考查动词辨析。句意：既然他别无选择只能反击，我们最好原谅他。forgive原谅；ignore忽视，不理睬；forget遗忘，忘记。
Ⅱ.在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.There is no doubt 　　　　　　 Oxford and Cambridge universities are internationally respected institutions.
2.According to the investigation，the driver of the car was　　　　　　(blame) for the terrible accident.
3.I'll never forgive you 　　　　　　 what you said to me last night.
4.Sandy could do nothing but 　　　　　　(admit) to his teacher that she was wrong.
[答案与解析]
1.that。句意：毫无疑问，牛津和剑桥都是国际知名的大学。There is no double that 毫无疑问……。
2.to blame。be to blame for...应对……负有责任，主动形式表被动的意义。
3.for。forgive sb. for sth.原谅某人某事。句意：我永远不会原谅你昨晚对我说的话。
4.admit。考查but的用法。如果but前的动词是do / does / did，but后的动词要用动词原形。
Ⅲ.完成句子。
1.When Tom realized his mistake， he 　　　　　　　(apologize).
当Tom意识到他的错误时，他为他做过的事情向他的妈妈道歉。
2.We 　　　　　　　　　　 our parents about playing computer games two days ago.(argument)
两天前，我们和父母就玩电脑游戏发生了争吵。
3.I 　　　　　　　　　　　　 our country will have an even brighter future.(doubt)
我从未怀疑过我们的祖国会有更加美好的未来。
[答案与解析]
1.apologized to his mother for what he had done。apologize to sb. for sth. “因某事向某人道歉”。
2.had an argument with
3.have never doubted that
☆核心短语☆
1.信守诺言　　　　　　keep one's 　word / promise　
You must keep your word / promise if you have promised to take the children to the cinema.
如果你答应了带孩子们去看电影，那你就得信守承诺。

登记……；对……做记录　　　　　keep a 　record　 of
保密　 keep 　a secret　
注意；提防；守望；站岗 keep 　watch　
扣下；阻止；保留；忍住(眼泪等) keep...　back　
使……坚持做 keep sb.　doing sth.　
阻止；使免于；抑制keep sb.　from doing sth.　
保持安静；保持沉默 keep　silent　
思考：与动词keep 搭配的短语还有不少，请你试试，再写出至少5个好吗？
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[答案]
keep sth.to oneself 对某事保密
keep...in mind 记住
keep doing sth. 继续做；不断地做
keep on doing sth. 不停地做；反复地做
keep...out 不许……入内
keep sb.'s company 与某人做伴；陪伴某人
keep...under control 使得以控制
keep in touch with... 与……保持联系
keep up 坚持；继续
keep up with... 跟上
keep an eye on 留意；照看
2.结果，因此　　　as a result / as 　a consequence　
As a result / consequence，he got the first place in the competition.
结果，他在竞赛中获得了第一名。

其实，事实上　　　　　　as　 a matter of fact
由于……的结果　 as 　a result of　
通常，照例　 as 　a rule　
如下　 as 　follows　
关于，至于　 as 　regards　
思考：与介词as搭配的短语还有不少，请你试试，再写出至少5个好吗？
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________________________________________________________________________
[答案]
as far as / so far as 远至；到……程度　as for 至于；关于　as long as / so long as 和……一样长；只要
as to 至于，关于　as usual 像往常一样，照例　as well 同样地
as well as 和……一样好；(除……之外)也，(除……之外)还
as though / as if 好像，仿佛
3.劝阻某人不要做……　　discourage sb.　from　 doing sth.
We ought to be focusing on discouraging kids from smoking.
我们应把重点放在劝阻孩子们不要吸烟上。

禁止某人做某事　　　　　　ban　 / 　prohibit　 sb.from doing sth.
阻止某人做某事　 　keep　 sb.from doing sth.
阻止某人做某事　 　prevent　 / 　stop　 sb.
(from) doing sth.
保护……不受……侵袭　 　protect　 sb./ sth.from /
against...
4.度过；通过；接通(电话等)　　　get 　through　
I don't know why you worry about exams—you'll get through as usual.
我不知道你为什么担心考试——你会像往常一样顺利通过的。

突破　　　　　　　　　　　　break　 through
经历，脱险　 　come　 through
通过；审查；完成　 　go　 through
看穿，识破；干完，干到底　 　see　 through

根据语境写出句中get through的含义：
①He knew he could get through the valley all by himself.　　　　　　
②I tried calling you several times but I couldn't get through.　　　　　　
③As long as we possess a strong will to get through such hurdles，we will possess success and a brilliant future.　　　　　　
④Let me use your printer when you get through with it.　　　　　　
⑤I don't know how they get through these cold winters.　　　　　　
[答案]
①通过　②接通电话　③完成　④用完　⑤度过
5.指控某人(做)某事　　　accuse sb.　of　 (doing) sth.
She accused him of lying.
她指责他撒谎。

告知某人某事　　　　　　　　inform　 sb.of sth.
抢劫某人某物　 　rob　 sb.of sth.
治愈某人(某疾病)　 　cure　 sb.of sth.
警告某人某事　 　warn　 sb.of sth.
使某人想起某事　 　remind　 sb.of sth.
使……确信；使……明白　 　convince　 sb.of sth.
【运用提升】
Ⅰ.选择括号内适当的单词或短语填空。
1.He left 　　　　　　with my secretary that he would call again in the afternoon and he did keep his 　　　　　　.(word / words / the word)
2.Sea level is expected to keep rising as a consequence 　　　　　　(of / for) continuing climate change.
3.In my opinion，both teachers and parents should 　　　　(protect / discourage / encourage) the students from playing computer games so much，which affects their studies and health.
4.The famous actor accused the newspaper 　　　　　　(of / for) twisting the facts.
5.He 　　　　　　(got through / went through / broke through) the drawer looking for a suitable tie.
[答案与解析]
1.word；word。考查词组leave word “留口信”和keep one's word “信守诺言”。句意：他给我的秘书留了口信说他下午会再打电话，他确实守信了。
2.of。考查介词短语。句意：由于持续的气候变化，海平面预计将继续上升。as a consequence of “由于……”。
3.discourage。discourage sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事；劝阻某人不要做某事。句意：我认为老师和家长都应该阻止学生玩如此多的电脑游戏，这会影响他们的学习和健康。
4.of。句意：那位著名的演员指控报纸歪曲事实。accuse sb. of doing sth.表示“控告某人做某事”。
5.went through。句意：他仔细翻找抽屉寻找一条合适的领带。get through “通过，接通”；go through “仔细查看；经历”；break through “突破”。
Ⅱ.根据句意，从所提供的词组中选择恰当的词组填入相关的句中。注意词形的变化。
end up；feel like；prevent...from...；regardless of；
keep pace with；thanks to；in public；convince...of...
1.At first they hated each other but they 　　　　　　 becoming best friends.
2.My parents always 　　　　　　 going out for a walk after supper.
3.He says what he thinks， 　　　　　　 other people’s feelings， making his parents terribly upset.
4.The heavy rain didn’t 　　　　　　 us 　　　　　　 going to the forest to watch the birds last Saturday.
5.They walked so fast that the small boy could hardly 　　　　　　 them.
6.He is so stubborn that you can't 　　　　　　 him 　　　　　　changing his ideas.
7.Do you think all pop music stars like to hear their fans screaming when they appear 　　　　　　？
8.　　　　　　his parents’ encouragement and support， he finally realized his dream.
[答案与解析]
1.ended up。句意：起初他们互相憎恨，但后来成了最好的朋友。but为连词，前后句时态一致，应使用一般过去时，故填ended up。
2.feel like
3.regardless of。句意：他想什么就说什么，不顾别人的感受，这使他的父母非常不安。regardless of“不管；不顾”。
4.prevent； from
5.keep pace with。句意：他们走得那么快，小男孩很难跟上他们。keep pace with表示“跟上、保持同步”，故填keep pace with。
6.convince； of
7.in public
8.Thanks to。句意：多亏了他父母的鼓励与支持，他终于实现了他的梦想。
☆关键句型及惯用法☆
1.I must have sounded very proud of myself after the quiz，saying how easy it was and how I was sure to get a good grade.(P2，L8­9)
译：考试之后，我一定是听上去洋洋得意，说考题实在太简单了，我肯定能取得好成绩。
(1)[情态动词must表肯定猜测]
情态动词must在句中表肯定猜测，“一定……”。
must＋have done 表示对已经发生的行为或状态进行肯定猜测；
must be doing...表示对正在发生的行为进行肯定猜测；
must be ＋ adj./ n.＋prep./ adv.表示对目前的状态或身份等进行肯定猜测。
例如：He must be tired，isn't he？他一定累了，是吗？
He must be reading in the library，isn't he？
他一定正在图书馆看书，是吗？
He must have been to Beijing，hasn't he？
他一定到过北京，是吗？
He must have attended the meeting yesterday，didn't he？
他昨天一定参加了这个会议，是吗？
He must have received your letter by last Friday，hadn't he？ 上星期五前他就一定收到了你的信，是吗？

完成句子：
①Someone 　　　　　　　　 my book away before I arrived.
在我到达之前可能有人早把我的书拿走了。
②She sings so well. I think she 　　　　　　　　 a singer.
她唱得真好。我想她以前肯定是名歌手。
③—I spent two weeks in London last summer.
—Then you must have visited the British Museum during your stay，　　　　　　　　？
——去年夏天我在伦敦度过了两周。
——当你在伦敦待的时候，肯定参观了英国博物馆，是吗？
[答案]
①could have taken　②must have been　③didn't you
(2)[v­ing做伴随状语]
句中的“saying...”为现在分词短语充当伴随状语，表示谓语动词发生的同时，该行为或状态也同时出现。与逻辑主语I之间为主动关系。
He hurried to the bus station，hoping to catch the early bus.
他匆忙赶往车站，希望能赶上早班车。

用现在分词短语完成句子：
④He worked the whole night，　　　　　　　　the meeting the next day.
他整晚都在工作，为第二天的会议做准备。
[答案]
④preparing for
思考：什么时候用过去分词短语充当伴随状语？
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[答案]
过去分词短语充当伴随状语时，与逻辑主语之间为被动关系。
例如：The professor went into the hall， followed by a group of students.
(3)[be sure to do...肯定能……]
拓展：　
be sure of / about...对……有把握
be sure ＋ that­clause 对……有把握，相信……
Our team is sure to win the game.
我们队肯定能赢得这场比赛。
Nobody is sure about his future，but everybody can create his future.
没有人能对自己的将来有十足的把握，但每个人都能创造自己的未来。

完成句子：
⑤　　　　　　　　　 I've met her before.
我不确定以前是否见过她。
[答案]
⑤I'm not sure whether
思考：make sure 与be sure 有区别吗？
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[答案]
make sure 与be sure有区别。make sure 强调动作，常表示“确保”某件还未发生的事件或某种状态，也有用于表决心或用于祈使句；而be sure则强调状态，常说明的是“相信”某一已知状态或事件。
例如：
Make sure that you keep your word.确保你说到做到。
I'll make sure that I'll never fail the exams.
我要确保考试再也不挂红灯。
I'm sure that this dog is male.我确定这只狗是雄性。
2.Yesterday，I saw him talking to another boy，Peter，and I cannot help wondering if he wants Peter to be his best friend instead of me.(P3，L49­50)
译：昨天，我看见他和另一个叫彼得的男孩说话，我忍不住想他是不是想让彼得取代我做他最好的朋友。
(1)[see...doing...]
see...doing...“看见……正在……”
see...do...“看见……做过……”
see...done...“看见……被……”
When I entered the room， I saw Tom playing computer games.
我进屋时，看见汤姆正在玩电脑游戏。
Jim saw you take my book away. Don't deny any more.
吉姆看见你拿走了我的书，别再抵赖了。
You can see many problems solved in this special way.
你可以看到很多问题都可以用这种特殊的方法解决。

中译英：
①当我们走进村子的时候，看到很多村民在植树。
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[答案]
①When we entered the village， we saw many villagers planting trees.
思考：还有哪些词也可以接非谓语动词短语充当宾语补足语？
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[答案]
常见的感官动词(see，hear，listen to，find，notice，feel，watch，observe，etc.)和使役动词(make，have，get，keep，leave，let，etc.)及介词with，without等都能接非谓语动词短语充当宾语补足语。但要注意他们各自的用法又不完全相同。如keep后不能接不定式，而get后接不定式时又不能省略to等。详见语法专项——非谓语动词。
(2)[instead of]
instead of 介词短语，“代替”“取代”，常译作“而不”“而没有”。
instead 副词，“代替”“取代”，常译成“而”。
例如：玛丽代替凯特去参加了会议。有以下翻译方式：
Mary went to the meeting instead of Kate.
Kate didn't go to the meeting.Instead，Mary went there.
Kate didn't go to the meeting.Mary went there，instead.

中译英：
②我应该休息一下，而不是工作到半夜。
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[答案]
②I should take a rest instead of working until midnight.
思考：表示“代替”“取代”还有哪些方式？
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[答案]
take the place of　动词短语，“代替”“取代”。
replace　动词，“代替”“取代”“替换”。例如：
He will take the place of me to hold the meeting.
他将取代我主持会议。
The workers replaced the wood with glass.
工人们用玻璃取代了木材。
3.The qualities that boys and girls consider important in a friend seem to be the same，regardless of the basis of these friendships.(P18，L22­24)
译：无论男孩和女孩友谊的基础是什么，他们所看重的朋友身上的品质似乎是一样的。
[regardless of]
短语句型：regardless of：without the consideration of “不顾”“不管”。
He carried on with his work regardless of the difficulties.
他不怕困难，继续工作。
They decorated the house regardless of the cost.
他们不计费用多少，把房屋装修一新。

中译英：
她不顾一切后果，决心这样做。
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[答案]
She is determined to do it regardless of all consequences.
思考：in spite of，despite与regardless of有区别吗？
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[答案]
in spite of...为介词短语，相当于despite，表示转折，是“尽管”的意思；regardless of是形容词短语，表示不去考虑，强调主观上“不管”。
例如：In spite of / Despite great efforts we failed to carry our plans through.
尽管付出了艰苦的努力，我们还是没能实现我们的计划。
We will persevere regardless of past failures.
不管过去的失败，我们仍将坚持。
【运用提升】
Ⅰ.选择括号内适当的单词或短语填空。
1.I　　　　　　(must have seen / should have seen / ought to have seen) you somewhere before， but your name has escaped me for the moment.
2.When I passed the park I saw the grass　　　　　　(cut / being cut / cutting) by some workers with lawn movers(割草机).
3.We have no coffee. Would it be okay to have tea 　　　　　　(instead of / instead / in spite of)？
[答案与解析]
1.must have seen。must have done表示对过去发生的事持肯定推断，在持否定态度的推断时用can't have done。
2.being cut。此处表示看见工人正在用割草机割草，即草正在被割。
3.instead。句意：我们没有咖啡了。用茶代替可以吗？instead of代替，后跟名词、代词、动名词；instead做副词，表示代替，常用于句末；in spite of尽管。
Ⅱ.改错。
1.A person aiming at nothing is sure fail.
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2.He lay on the grass，stares at the sky for a long time.
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[答案与解析]
1.sure后加to。句意：没有任何目标的人注定失败。be sure to do...肯定……。
2.stares改为staring。考查非谓语动词。stare和主语He之间为主动关系，故应用stare的现在分词形式staring做伴随状语。

对应学生用书p77
Ⅰ.语法填空[黑体部分为本单元的单词或短语]
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Since childhood，we 1.　　　　　　(teach) to have good manners and to be sensitive to other people's feelings.2.　　　　　　 we grow older， it's important to maintain a positive attitude towards our acquaintances. A happy social life is based on the ability 3.　　　　　　(get) along with others.
Although we usually try our best to get along with others， we sometimes find 4.　　　　　　 (we) in awkward social situations. For example，disagreements at school and work can sometimes lead to quarrels with others，regardless of whether we dislike them.We may have feelings of envy 5.　　　　　　 someone is more gifted than us.We may blame others for a mistake.If we aren't careful，we might end up 6.　　　　　　(make) a cruel remark or even arguing with our classmates or co­workers. After fighting with others we tend to feel 7.　　　　　　 (guilt). Usually，there is nothing to worry about.All we must do is 8.　　　　　　 (sincere) apologize and admit our mistake，and others will generally forgive us.
The most important thing for positive social relationships 9.　　　　　　(be) sincerity. It is not very helpful to others to pretend to be cheerful if you feel horrible on the inside.Before long， other people will discover your true feelings.It is best to focus 10.　　　　　　 becoming a happy and kind person from the inside. We can all overcome our negative feelings to become better people.
[答案]
1.have been taught　2.As　3.to get　4.ourselves
5.if / when　6.making　7.guilty　8.sincerely
9.is　10.on / upon
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.Annie is a 　　　　　　　　　.
Annie是一个敏感的女孩。
2.At Easter，she had a 　　　　　　　　　 an incident with her friend Andrew.
复活节期间，她为一件小事和朋友Andrew发生了争吵。
3.Annie envied his talent / ability very much， and 　　　　 his change 　　　　　　　　.
Annie很羡慕他的才能，也渴望他的态度有所转变。
4.Before long，Andrew 　　　　　　 his mistake(s) and sincerely apologized to her 　　　　　　　　　　.
不久，Andrew承认了自己的错误，并真诚地为自己所做过的事向她道了歉。
5.Annie 　　　　　　 to his apology soon，and she 　　　　　　 what she had said and 　　　　　　　 what had happened，they should remove the misunderstanding.
Annie很快对他的道歉做出了回应，并对自己说过的话感到内疚，不管发生了什么，他们都应该消除误解。
6.Annie ended up 　　　　　　 him and she realized that she ought to 　　　　　　　　　　　 her study instead of incidents.
最终，Annie原谅了他，她意识到她应该把更多的精力集中在学习上而不是琐事上。
[答案]
1.sensitive girl
2.quarrel about / over
3.was eager for； in attitude
4.admitted； for what he had done
5.responded； felt guilty about； regardless of
6.(in) forgiving； focus more energy on