2021届高考英语通用版一轮复习考点专讲：考点32条件状语从句学案

考点32  条件状语从句

高考频度：★★★★☆

一、条件状语从句

1. if引导的条件状语从句

if可引导非真实条件状语从句(见＂虚拟语气＂)和真实条件状语从句。

If he said that, he can’t be telling the truth.

如果他说了那样的话，他不可能是说实话。

2. unless引导的条件状语从句

unless引导的是否定条件状语从句，在意义上相当于if...not，而且语气较强，一般不用于虚拟语气。

You’ll be late unless you hurry.  

你会迟到的，如果不赶快的话。

1.（2019·江苏卷·单项填空）The doctor shares his phone number with the patients __________ they need medical assistance.

A. if only B. as if C. even though D. in case

【答案】D

【解析】考查状语从句的连词。句意：医生给了病人他的手机号码，以防病人需要医疗援助。A. if only要是……多好；B. as if好像，仿佛；C. even though即使，尽管；D. in case以备，以防，免得，引导条件状语从句。故选D。

2.（2019·天津卷·单项填空）Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents' opinion _________ he wants their support.

A. since B. once

C. unless D. after

【答案】C

【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：汤姆是如此独立，以至于他从来不征求父母的意见，除非他想得到他们的支持。since因为；once一旦；unless除非；after在……之后，根据题意，故选C。unless在此引导条件状语从句。

3.(2018·北京卷·单项填空) _________ we don’t stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.

A. Although       B. While        C. If        D. Until

【答案】C

【解析】考查状语从句。句意：如果我们不阻止气候变化，那么世界上的很多动植物将会消失。分析句意及句子结构可知，动植物不灭绝的前提条件是阻止气候变化。although尽管；while当……时候，尽管；if如果；until直到。根据句意可知选C。

4.________  we have enough evidence, we can't win the case.

1. Once         B. As long as        C. Unless           D. Since

【答案】C　

【解析】考查连词。句意：如果我们没有足够的证据，我们就赢不了官司。后句说官司打不赢，用unless来表示相反的条件。

【名师点睛】条件状语从句就是在复合句中表示主句动作发生条件的状语从句。引导条件状语从句最经常用的连词是if，它的意思是＂如果＂； 也可以用unless引导：unless的意思是＂如果不＂＂除非＂，相当于if not。

3. only if引导的条件状语从句

only if在引导条件状语从句时意为＂只有……(才)；只有在……的时候，唯一的条件是……＂。

I’ll let you use the car only if you keep it in good condition.

只要你把车保养好，我就让你用。

4. as/so long as引导的条件状语从句

as/so long as意为＂只要；如果＂。

As long as it doesn’t rain, we can play. 

只要不下雨我们就能玩。

You won’t find paper cutting difficult _____you keep practicing it.

A. even if        B. as long as 

C .as if         D. ever since

【答案】B

【解析】句意：只要你不断练习，你不会觉得剪纸很难。A. even though即使，虽然;B. as long as只要；C. as if犹如，好像；D. ever since自从。结合句意，此处用as long as引导条件状语从句。故选B。

5. provided (that)/providing (that)引导的条件状语从句

provided (that)/providing (that)意为＂假如；如果＂。

I will agree to go provided / providing (that) my expense is paid.

假如为我负担费用，我就同意去。

Providing you promise not to tell anyone else I’ll explain the secret.

假如你承诺不告诉别人，我就告诉你这个秘密。

6. on condition that（条件是）和suppose / supposing (that)（假设；如果）也可引导条件状语从句

I can tell you the truth on condition that you promise to keep it a secret.

我可以告诉你真相，条件是你答应保守秘密。

Suppose/ Supposing (that) they refuse us, who else can we turn to for help?

在条件状语从句中，通常要用一般现在时表示将来意义，而不能直接使用将来时态。不过，有时表示条件的 if之后可能用 will，但那不是将来时态, 而是表示意愿或委婉的请求(will为情态动词)。

If you will sit down for a few moments, I’ll tell the manager you’re here. 请稍坐片刻，我这就通知经理说您来了。

二、方式状语从句

表示行为方式的状语从句常由as（依照……，像……一样），as if（正如……，似乎……），as though（似乎……，好像……），（just）as... so...（正如……）引导，多置于主句之后。 

1.as，(just) as... so...引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，但在(just) as...so...结构中位于句首，这时as从句带有比喻的含义，意思是＂正如……＂，＂就像＂，多用于正式文体。

Always do to the others as you would be done by.

你希望人家怎样待你，你就要怎样待别人。

As water is to fish, so air is to man.

我们离不开空气，犹如鱼儿离不开水。 

Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.

正如打扫房屋一样，我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。

2.as if，as though两者的意义和用法相同，引导的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反，有时也用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。汉译常作＂仿佛……似的＂，＂好像……似的＂。

They completely ignore these facts as if (as though) they never existed.

他们完全忽略了这些事实，就仿佛它们不存在似的。（与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。）

He looks as if (as though) he had been hit by lighting.

他那样子就像被雷击了似的。（与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。）

It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.

看来天气很快就会好起来。（实现的可能性较大，谓语用陈述语气。） 

【名师点睛】

1. He looked at me curiously _______________ he had some doubt which he was unwilling to express.

A.as if     B.in case     C.unless     D.so that

【答案】A

【解析】考查状语从句。句意：他好奇地看着我，好像有一些疑问又不肯说出口。as if＂好像，仿佛＂，引导方式状语从句。

2. More people will eat out in restaurants _______________ they do today.

A. than     B. when     C. while     D. as

【答案】D

【解析】句意：正如人们现在所做的一样，更多的人将会在饭店吃饭。as在此引导方式状语从句，表示＂如同，照……的方式＂。

题组一 能力过关

I.单项填空

1. This medicine is quite beneficial to your recovery after the operation,______ you take it as told.

A. unless            B. providing          C. considering        D. since

2.I'll be out for some time. ______ anything important happens, call me up immediately.

A. In case                     B. As if                   C. Even though        D. Now that

3.She says that she'll have to close the shop ________ business improves.

A. if          B. unless     C. after       D. when

4.She says that she'll have to close the shop ________ business improves.

A. if          B. unless     C. after       D. when

5. The house was greatly damaged by the truck. We’d better leave things __________ they are until the police arrive.

A. since          B. as     

C. though          D. unless

6. The two boys had so much in common as if they ____________ brought up in the same family.

A. should be         B. would be 

C. have been         D. had been

7. —Do you remember the experiment we did together many years ago?

—Yes, ____________ we did it yesterday.

A. as if           B. even if

C. only if          D. if only

8. My daughter stared at me, angrily, ___________ I were her wicked stepmother.

A. even if          B. only if 

C. if only          D. as if

9. Mrs. Sue looked __________ she was going to explode when the boy cut in line.

A. even though         B. as though 

C. in case          D. now that

10. For years, those journalists would describe the event in detail __________ they themselves had attended it.

A. as though         B. in case 

C. only if          D. even though

II. 短文改错

 Square dancing has been more and more popular with the elderly as their living conditions improve. Most people thought it can help people take regularly exercise and improve their fitness. Besides, it provides people more chances to take activities outdoor. However, some people argue that the music is very noisy, that disturbs the surrounding citizens’ normal life. Also, be exposed to such loud noise may do a harm to their health in the long run.

In my opinion, square dancing is a good form of exercise, so dancers should take our neighbors’ needs into consideration. If they choose a right time and turn down the music, it will cause less troubles for others.

I .单项填空

1.B

【解析】考查状语从句  句意上：这种药只要你按要求服用肯定有益于你手术后的恢复的。＂providing…＂可以用来引导条件状语从句表示＂只要……＂，符合题目语境，故B项正确。

2.A

【解析】A万一；B仿佛；C即使；D既然。根据句意可知：给我打电话的前提是如果发生重要的事情，所以前句话表示后面情况发生的一种条件，in case可以引导条件状语从句，故答案选A。句意：我要出去一会。万一有重要事情的话，立即给我打电话。

3.B　

【解析】考查状语从句中连词的选择。句意：她说除非生意有改善，否则她将不得不关闭这家商店。unless意为＂除非＂，符合语境。

4.B　

【解析】考查状语从句中连词的选择。句意：她说除非生意有改善，否则她将不得不关闭这家商店。unless意为＂除非＂，符合语境。

【名师点睛】条件状语从句就是在复合句中表示主句动作发生条件的状语从句。引导条件状语从句最经常用的连词是if，它的意思是＂如果＂； 也可以用unless引导：unless的意思是＂如果不＂＂除非＂，相当于if not。

5.B 

【解析】考查状语从句。句意：卡车对这座房子造成了严重的损害。我们最好保持原样，等待警察到来。as引导方式状语从句，意为＂按照……的方式＂。leave things as they are意为＂任其自然＂。

6. D 

【解析】此处as if引导方式状语从句，且从句应用虚拟语气。主句用的是一般过去时，从句表示对过去情况的虚拟，故从句谓语形式为had done。所以选D。

7. A 

【解析】句意：——你还记得许多年以前我们一起做的那次实验吗？——记得，就好像是我们昨天做的一样。此处要用as if引导方式状语从句，as if表示＂好像＂。even if引导让步状语从句，意为＂即使＂；only if＂只有＂；if only＂要是……就好了＂。

8. D 

【解析】考查状语从句。句意：女儿生气地瞪着我，好像我是她邪恶的后妈一样。空处表示＂似乎，好像＂，引导方式状语从句。根据句意可知选D。

9. B 

【解析】考查状语从句。句意：当那个男孩插队时，Sue夫人看起来像要发怒了。根据句意可知，要用as though，意思是＂看起来好像……＂，在此引导方式状语从句。even though＂即使＂；in case＂以防＂；now that＂既然＂。

10. A

【解析】考查as though引导的方式状语从句。句意：多少年来，那些记者们总是可以详细地描述那起事件，就好像他们亲自参与了一样。根据句意可知，此处应用as though引导方式状语从句。

II. 短文改错

【答案】

Square dancing has been more and more popular with the elderly as their living conditions improve. Most people  it can help people take  exercise and improve their fitness. Besides, it provides people ∧with more chances to  take activities . However, some people argue that the music is very noisy, disturbs the surrounding citizens’ normal life. Also,  exposed to such loud noise  may do   a  harm to their health in the long run.

In my opinion, square dancing is a good form of exercise,  dancers should take  neighbors’ needs into consideration. If they choose a right time and turn down the music, it will cause less  for others.

【解析】

第一处：thought→think。本文的基本时态是一般现在时，且此处陈述客观情况，应用一般现在时。

第二处：regularly→regular。许多人认为广场舞能帮助人们经常锻炼。修饰名词应用形容词。regular"频繁的，经常的"。

第三处：people后加with。 provide sth. for sb.=provide sb. with sth.，是固定搭配，意为"提供某物给某人，给某人提供某物"。

第四处：outdoor→outdoors。 广场舞能给人们提供更多参加户外活动的机会。outdoor是形容词，意为"户外的"；outdoors是副词，意为"在户外"。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词outdoors在句中作状语。

第五处：that→which。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语，指代上文中的"the music is very noisy"，故应用which。注意：that不能引导非限制性定语从句。

第六处：be→being。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动名词短语作主语。故把be改为being。

第七处：删除harm前的a。do harm to..."对……有害"是固定用法。harm"伤害，损害"是不可数名词，不能用不定冠词修饰。

第八处：so→but。"我"认为广场舞是一种很好的锻炼形式，但是广场舞者应该考虑他们邻居的需求。前后句之间是转折关系，而不是因果关系，故应用连词but。

第九处：our→their。此处指代的是广场舞者，故应用their。下文中的"they"亦是提示。

第十处：troubles→trouble。trouble表示"麻烦，问题，困难"时是不可数名词，故将troubles改为trouble。