2021届高考英语通用版一轮复习考点专讲：考点40阅读理解细节理解题学案

考点40 阅读理解细节理解题
高考频度：★★★★★

在历年高考阅读理解中，对细节理解类题型的考查同往年一样，依然占了较大的比例，全国及各省、市均有对此题型的考查，无一例外。
细节理解题要求考生对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节进行理解。它们大都是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。有些问题可以在文章中直接找到答案，有些则需要我们在理解的基础上将有关内容系统化才能找到，比如计算、排序、是非判断、图形比较等。
常见的命题方式通常有：
1.特殊疑问句形式。以when, where, what, which, who, how much/many等疑问词开头引出的问题；
2. 以是非题的形式。true /false, not true / false或EXCEPT，近年这种题型较少；
3. 以According to… 开头提问方式；
4. 以填空题的形式，如：
（1）To avoid attracting mountain lions, people are advised________.
（2）By the first sentence of the passage author means that________.
（3）It seems that now a country’s economy depends much on________.
（4）If you are interested in knowing about what people’s life will be, you may visit________.
（5）The policemen were told “to look the other way” (the underlined part in Paragraph 2) so that________ .
（6）The policeman who said “Good evening” to Rolls wanted to________.
5. 就文中数字、排序、识图等提问。
做细节理解题时，大多数学生易出现的问题是阅读速度太慢，缺乏一定的快速阅读技巧，考生要培养自己快速获取信息的能力。解答此类试题时，不必通篇细看原文，而常常可采取 “带着问题找答案”的方法．先从问题中抓住关键性词语。然后以此为线索。要快速地辨认和记忆事实或细节，就要恰当地运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的段落、语句．仔细品味，对照比较．确定答案。除了运用扫读法(scanning)外，还可以兼用排除法．将“无此细节”和“与此细节相反”的选项排除。
了解细节题干扰选项的特点也有助于考生提高答题的正确率。一般情况下，干扰项有如下几个特点：（1）是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容；（2）符合常识，但不是文章内容；（3）与原文的内容极其相似，只是在程度上有些变动；（4）在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反；（5）部分正确，部分错误。
有的细节理解题只要直接辨认不要求读者对客观的事实作出解释或判断，只要求从阅读材料中直接获取信息。同时还要求读者记住重要细节，在必要的时候（做判断、推断或结论的时候）能够准确而迅速地将他们回忆起来。解此类题要求考生快速抓住原文中的关键信息，直接得出答案，但要注意往往答案与原文中的语句并非一模一样，而是用不同的词语或句型结构表达相同的意思。有的细节理解题就需要通过有关词语和句子的转换。利用主要事实、图表、图形来获取信息，然后利用因果、类比、时间、空间等关系将零碎的细节经过一系列加工、整理，方能做出正确的判断．此类试题在高考中占大多数。
值得一提的是，有时原文中的信息可能只是一个短语，甚至一个单词，因此需要我们在阅读中特别仔细才能捕捉到真正有用的信息。
细节理解题大致有如下几种常考题型：
题型一 描写类细节题
描写类细节题，常常考查考生对文中有关人物动作、思想感情、心理活动、观点，或事件的起因、发展、过程、结果等方面的理解。这类描写信息往往较直接，一般不太需要考生对它们进行较深入的理解，对于该类题，考生一般都可以较直接地从原文中找到与题目对应的有关信息。

【2019·全国卷I，B】
For Canaan Elementary’s second grade in Patchogue, N.Y.，today is speech day ,and right now it’s Chris Palaez’s turn. The 8-year-old is the joker of the class. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the of kid who would enjoy public speaking.
But he’s, nervous.“I’m here to tell you today why you should … should…”Chris trips on the“-ld,”a. pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher ,Thomas Whaley ,is next to him, whispering support.“…Vote for …me …”Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion ,Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.
A son of immigrants, Chris stared learning English a little over three years ago. Whaley recalls(回想起)how at the beginning of the year，when called upon to read，Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.
Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. “It takes a lot for any student，” Whaley explains，“especially for a student who is learning English as their new language，to feel confident enough to say，‘I don’t know，but I want to know.’”
Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast(夸耀)about themselves.
“Boasting about yourself，and your best qualities,” Whaley says，“is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.”
24. What made Chris nervous？
A. Telling a story. B. Making a speech.
C. Taking a test. D. Answering a question.
【语篇解读】本文属于记叙文，讲述Thomas Whaley为了帮助学生学英语以及树立信心专门开展了一个演讲课程。
24.B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段today is speech day和本段最后一句with shining dark eyes, he seems like the kind of kids who would enjoy public speaking. 以及第二段第一句But he’s nervous.可知，Chris眼睛黑亮，似乎是那种喜欢公共演讲的孩子，但是他却很紧张，故可知Chris是因为做演讲紧张，故选B。
题型二 信息寻找题、广告阅读题
信息寻找题一般在应用文体中较常见，体现于查字典、阅读广告、公告、演出海报、车船航班时间表等之中。这类阅读材料包含的某一方面的信息非常全面，能满足各种人对信息的需求，但在高考试题中，常常是就某一方面提问，考生完全没有必要从头到尾仔细阅读，因为材料中有很多冗余无效信息。做此类题时，宜采用“题干定全法”。即：先阅读题干，然后根据问题要求，有针对性地阅读相关部分快速寻找有效信息。
广告是阅读理解题常考的一种题材。广告属应用文体。严格来说广告属快速寻找信息题。但是广告有着其他快速寻找信息题不同的特点。广告文体简洁明快，省略了大量的词语，达到了篇幅小、信息多的目的。同时具有语言精练，形象性、鼓动性强的良好效果。广告阅读题多为细节理解题，关键在于正确理解广告内容。考生必须具备较强的语言运用能力，熟悉文化背景，利用各种手段（如：补全、联想、推测等）正确解读广告的内容。通常运用“补全成分法”和“联想推测法”两种方法来解读广告的内容。做题方法同样采用“题干定向法”。
（1）补全成分法
省略名在广告体阅读材料中大量出现，可以说广告阅读理解材料中大多数句子都是省略句。我们应结合全文语境及逻辑关系将省略句补全，从而更加准确地理解。如：Driver wanted. 根据文义，可将该句补充为：A driver will be wanted. (招聘一名司机)。
（2）联想推测法
在些广告时间、日期、地点、电话、票价等用了缩略词，甚至一概没有提及，这就需要考生前后连贯，充分想象，整体理解。搜寻已知信息，推断语篇意义。
为节省篇幅，特别是在商业广告中，常使用缩写词，尽管有些缩写不太规范，但却常用，常见的缩写词有：
Tel. =telephone number
Ph. =phone Add (r). =address
co. =company Ltd=Limited
Max=maximum Min=minimum
hr=hour t=time
fig=figure ft=foot
ml=mile doz=dozen
Mt=Mountain P=page
prof. =professor Dr. =doctor
s=south n=north
w=west Sta=Station
pop=popular vs=versus
Xmas=Christmas info=information
VIP=very important persons hrs=hours
aft=after ad=advertisement
p/t=part time exp=experienced
PC=personal computer MA=Master of Arts
BS degree=bachelor's degree (学士学位)

【2019·北京卷，A】
Want to explore new cultures，meet new people and do something worthwhile at the same time? You can do all the three with Global Development Association(GDA).Whatever stage of life you're at，wherever you go and whatever project you do in GDA，you'll create positive changes in a poor and remote community(社区).
We work with volunteers of all ages and backgrounds. Most of our volunteers are aged 17-24.Now we need volunteer managers aged 25-75.They are extremely important in the safe and effective running of our programmes. We have such roles as project managers，mountain leaders，and communication officers.
Depending on which role you choose，you could help to increase a community's access to safe drinking water，or help to protect valuable local cultures. You might also design an adventure challenge to train young volunteers.
Not only will you help our young volunteers to develop personally，you'll also learn new skills and increase your cultural awareness. You may have chances to meet new people who'll become your lifelong friends.
This summer we have both 4-week and 7-week programmes:
Country
Schedule

4-week programmes
7-week programmes
Algeria
5 Jul.- 1Aug.
20Jun. -7Aug.
Egypt
24 Jul-20 Aug.
19Jun.-6 Aug.
Kenya
20 Jul.-16Aug.
18 Jun.-5 Aug.
South Africa
2Aug.-29 Aug.
15 Jun.-2Aug.

GDA ensures that volunteers work with community members and local project partners where our help is needed. All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities.
There is no other chance like a GDA programme. Join us as a volunteer manager to develop your own skills while bringing benefits to the communities.
Find out more about joining a GDA programme:
Website:wwwglodeve.org
Email:humanresources@glodeve.org
31. What is the main responsibility of volunteer managers?
A. To seek local partners B. To take in young volunteers
C. To carry out programmes D. To foster cultural awareness
32. The programme beginning in August will operate in__________.
A. Egypt B. Algeria C. Kenya D. South Afria
33. The shared goal of GDA’s projects to __________.
A. explore new cultures B. protect the environment
C. gain corporate benefit D. help communities in need
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文，这是一篇招聘志愿者的广告。
31. C
细节理解题。题干问管理人员的主要职责是什么。根据第三段中Depending on which role you choose, you could help to increase ...,or help to project....You might also design...可知，根据岗位不同，管理人员可以帮助增加小区的饮用水，可以规划地方文化，可以设计挑战项目培训年轻的志愿者，从这些内容上可以判断出其主要职责是执行项目计划。故选C。
32. D
细节理解题。题干问八月份开始的这个项目将在哪里开展。根据这个表格中4-week programmes中的最后一个，可知答案选D。
33. D
细节理解题。题干问GDA的所有项目的共同目的是什么。根据倒数第二段中All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities可知，其目标就是促进偏远贫穷区域的发展，即帮助有需要的小区。故选D。
题型三 数据计算题
此类试题一般要求考生能根据阅读材料中给出的有关数据，找出计算关系，通过计算，得出正确的结论。这类计算一般来说比较简单，关键是要弄清各数据间的逻辑关系，选准比较的数据，弄清单位换算关系，确定计算方法，问题便迎刃而解了。对于数据较多、项目复杂用时间或空间跨度较大的短文，通常可采用“列表法”，即按一定的规律将数据分门别类地列出，化模糊为清晰，为计算打下基础。对于相对不太复杂的数据，可采用“推算法”，即以有关数据为基准，进行简单的运算就可得出。

【2017·北京卷，B】
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TOKNOW makes complex ideas attractive and
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Includes a Mammoth Map, a Passport Puzzle Booklet, and Subscription
Europe £60 Rest of World £70
Refund Policy—the subscription can be cancelled within 28 days and you can get your money back.
61. How much should you pay if you make a 12-mouth subscription to TOKNOW with gift pack from China?
A. £55. B. £60. C. £65. D. £70.
【文章大意】文章介绍了一本杂志TOKNOW Magazine。
61.D 【解析】数字计算题。根据Annual Subscription with Gift Pack中的Includes a Mammoth Map, a passport Puzzle Booklet, and Subscription Europe £60 Rest of World £70，中国属于Rest of World，故答案为D。
题型四 排序题
这种试题要求考生根据事情发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件的正确顺序。
做此类题目可采用＂首尾定位法＂，即先找出第一个事件和最后一个事件，这样可以迅速缩小选择范围，从而迅速找到答案。阅读理解的文章如果是记叙文，排序题通常以事件发生的时间为线索；如果是说明文，排序题通常以说明的先后顺序为线索；如果是议论文，排序题通常以逻辑顺序为线索。从近几年高考试题来看，这类试题主要出现在记叙文和说明文中。
题型五 图文转换题
此类试题要求根据短文中的描写找出相应的图形，或根据图形选出相应的文字。可采用“文字锁定法”，即找出描述图形的句段，按“文”锁“图”，迅速锁定相关图形，或用“图形标示法”，在图形中标出相应的内容，以便做题。


The Home of My People

When Lewis and Clark stepped onto the Weippe Prairie in present-day Idaho in September 1808, they met the Nez Perce Indians. In the following years, the white explorers（探险者）began to fight with the Indians for their land. Some Nez Perce chiefs signed agreements with the U.S. government, selling part of their lands. But the government always broke those agreements and demanded more land.
Other chiefs refused to go along with the government’s plans. The most famous was Chief Joseph, whose people lived in the Wallowa Valley（present-day Oregon）.
“In order to have all people understand how much land we owned, ”he once explained, “my father planted poles around it and said: ‘Inside is the home of my people…It circled around the graves（坟墓）of our fathers, and we will never give up these graves to any man. ’”
But in 1874, the U.S. government declared the valley open for white settlement and ordered the Nez Perce onto a reservation（保留地）. Seeing that resistance was useless, Chief Joseph agreed to move.
Later, fighting broke out between the Nez Perce and U.S. soldiers. Chief Joseph tried to lead his people to Canada, winning several battles against the soldiers during their flight. But finally, he was forced to give in.
1. Which historic site （on the map）lies in the south of today’s Nez Perce Reservation?
A. Buffalo Eddy. B. Dug Bar.
C. Joseph Canyon Viewpoint. D. Chief Looking Glass Camp.
2. What can we learn about the Nez Perce lands from the map?
A. They were in the state of Oregon.
B. They have become a historic site.
C. They have become much smaller.
D. They were limited to the Wallowa Valley.
【答案与解析】
1.D 此题考查学生的图示理解能力。首先要找到并标出现在Nez Perce Reservation所在的位置，然后找到它以南的历史景点。可以看到 Chief Looking Glass camp位于Nez Perce Reservation的南部。
2.C 从地图中我们可以看到， Nez Perce原先所拥有的土地比现在Nez Perce保留区的位置大多了。
6．代词指代题解题技能
代词指代题要求考生一定的上下文推测代词的指代意义。此类题一般是在人物或事物关系比较复杂的情况下使用的一种题型，所以理清人物及事物之间的逻辑关系是关键所在。



（2016·新课标卷III））On one of her trips to New York several years ago, Eudora Welty decided to take a couple of New York friends out to dinner. They settled in at a comfortable East Slide cafe and within minutes, another customer was approaching their table.
＂Hey, aren’t you from Mississippi?＂ the elegant, white-haired writer remembered being asked by the stranger. ＂I’m from Mississippi too.＂
Without a second thought, the woman joined the Welty party. When her dinner partner showed up, she also pulled up a chair.
＂They began telling me all the news of Mississippi,＂ Welty said. ＂I didn’t know what my New York friends were thinking.＂
Taxis on a rainy New York night are rarer than sunshine. By the time the group got up to leave, it was pouring outside. Welty’s new friends immediately sent a waiter to find a cab. Heading back downtown toward her hotel, her big-city friends were amazed at the turn of events that had changed their Big Apple dinner into a Mississippi state reunion(团聚).
＂My friends said: ‘Now we believe your stories,’＂ Welty added. ＂And I said: ‘Now you know. These are the people that make me write them.’＂
Sitting on a sofa in her room, Welty, a slim figure in a simple gray dress, looked pleased with this explanation.
＂I don’t make them up,＂ she said of the characters in her fiction these last 50 or so years. ＂I don’t have to.＂
Beauticians, bartenders, piano players and people with purple hats, Welty’s people come from afternoons spent visiting with old friends, from walks through the streets of her native Jackson, Miss., from conversations overheard on a bus. It annoys Welty that, at 78, her left ear has now given out. Sometimes, sitting on a bus or a train, she hears only a fragment(片段) of a particularly interesting story.
26. The underlined word ＂them＂ in Paragraph 6 refers to Welty’s _______.
A. readers B. parties C. friends D. stories
【文章大意】文章介绍了一位女作家请纽约的朋友吃饭时发生的故事。Welty是一位年纪比较大的作家，她来自密西西比。Welty的作品都是来自于现实的生活。
26.D 【解析】画线的them指代前面提到的人或物，根据＂Now we believe your stories＂可知，them指代的是Welty写的小说里面的故事，听了Welty和两个陌生人的有关密西西比的谈话之后，Welty的朋友相信了Welty小说里的故事都是来源于生活，故选D。

题组一（2019年高考真题）
Passage1(2019·新课标II卷，A)
【2019·全国卷I，A】
Need a Job This Summer?
The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.
Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year round.
Jobs for Youth
If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible(符合条件)for this program. Which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.
Who is eligible: Youth 15-18 years old in select communities(社区).
Summer Company
Summer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses.
Who is eligible: Students aged 15-29, returning to school in the fall.
Stewardship Youth Ranger Program
You could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer.
Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.
Summer Employment Opportunities(机会)
Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and community groups.
Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.
21. What is special about Summer Company?
A. It requires no training before employment.
B. It provides awards for running new businesses.
C. It allows one to work in the natural environment.
D. It offers more summer job opportunities.
22. What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program?
A. 15-18. B. 15-24. C. 15-29. D. 16-17.
23. Which program favors the disabled?
A. Jobs for Youth. B. Summer Company.
C. Stewardship Youth Ranger Program. D. Summer Employment Opportunities.
Passage2(2019·新课标III卷，A)
OPENINGS AND PREVIEWS
Animals Out of Paper
Yolo！Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph，in which an origami(折纸术)artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio. Merri Milwe directs. In previews. Opens Feb.12.(West Park Presbyterian Church，165 W.86th St.212-868-4444.)
The Audience
Helen Mirren stars in the play by Peter Morgan，about Queen Elizabeth II of the UK and her private meetings with twelve Prime Ministers in the course of sixty years. Stephen Daldry directs. Also starring Dylan Baker and Judith Ivey. Previews begin Feb.14.(Schoenfeld，236 W.45th St.212-239-6200.)
Hamilton
Lin-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton，in which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story. Thomas Kail directs. In previews. Opens Feb.17.(Public，425 Lafayette St.212-967-7555.)
On the Twentieth Century
Kristin Chenoweth and Peter Gallagher star in the musical comedy by Betty Comden and Adolph Green，about a Broadway producer who tries to win a movie star's love during a cross-country train journey. Scott Ellis directs，for Roundabout Theatre Company. Previews begin Feb.12.(American Airlines Theatre，227 W.42nd St.212-719-1300.)
21. What is the play by Rajiv Joseph probably about?.
A. A type of art. B. A teenager's studio.
C. A great teacher. D. A group of animals.
22. Who is the director of The Audience?
A. Helen Mirren. B. Peter Morgan.
C. Dylan Baker. D. Stephen Daldry.
23. Which play will you go to if you are interested in American history?
A. Animals Out of Paper. B. The Audience.
C. Hamilton. D. On the Twentieth Century.
Passage3(2019·新课标III卷，D)
Monkeys seem to have a way with numbers.
A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys to associate 26 clearly different symbols consisting of numbers and selective letters with 0-25 drops of water or juice as a reward. The researchers then tested how the monkeys combined—or added—the symbols to get the reward.
Here's how Harvard Medical School scientist Margaret Livingstone, who led the team, described the experiment: In their cages the monkeys were provided with touch screens. On one part of the screen, a symbol would appear, and on the other side two symbols inside a circle were shown. For example, the number 7 would flash on one side of the screen and the other end would have 9 and 8. If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded with seven drops of water or juice; if they went for the circle, they would be rewarded with the sum of the numbers—17 in this example.
After running hundreds of tests, the researchers noted that the monkeys would go for the higher values more than half the time, indicating that they were performing a calculation, not just memorizing the value of each combination.
When the team examined the results of the experiment more closely, they noticed that the monkeys tended to underestimate(低估)a sum compared with a single symbol when the two were close in value—sometimes choosing, for example, a 13 over the sum of 8 and 6. The underestimation was systematic: When adding two numbers, the monkeys always paid attention to the larger of the two, and then added only a fraction(小部分)of the smaller number to it.
"This indicates that there is a certain way quantity is represented in their brains, "Dr. Livingstone says. “But in this experiment what they're doing is paying more attention to the big number than the little one.”
32. What did the researchers do to the monkeys before testing them?
A. They fed them. B. They named them.
C. They trained them. D. They measured them.
33. How did the monkeys get their reward in the experiment?
A. By drawing a circle. B. By touching a screen.
C. By watching videos. D. By mixing two drinks.
34. What did Livingstone's team find about the monkeys?
A. They could perform basic addition. B. They could understand simple words.
C. They could memorize numbers easily. D. They could hold their attention for long.
35. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A. Entertainment. B. Health. C. Education. D. Science.
Passage4(2019·新课标I卷，C)
As data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric(生物测量)technologies—like fingerprint scans—to keep others out of private e-spaces. At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.
Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device(装置)that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence(节奏)with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user's typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine people's identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer it's connected to—regardless of whether someone gets the password right.
It also doesn't require a new type of technology that people aren't already familiar with. Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently.
In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch”four times using the smart keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low error rates. The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic-like parts. The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.
28. Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard?
A. To reduce pressure on keys. B. To improve accuracy in typing
C. To replace the password system. D. To cut the cost of e-space protection.
29. What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible？
A. Computers are much easier to operate.
B. Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast.
C. Typing patterns vary from person to person.
D. Data security measures are guaranteed.
30. What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard？all 1o soisgitieoco oll.
A. It'll be environment-friendly. B. It'll reach consumers soon.
C. It'll be made of plastics. D. It'll help speed up typing.
31. Where is this text most likely from?
A. A diary. B. A guidebook C. A novel. D. A magazine.
题组二（2018年高考真题）
Passage1(2018·新课标II卷，A)
Summer Activities
Students should read the list with their parents/careers, and select two activities they would like to do. Forms will be available in school and online for them to indicate their choices and return to school. Before choices are finalised, parents/careers will be asked to sign to confirm their child’s choices.
Activity
Description
Member of staff
Cost
Outdoor Adventure (OUT)
Take yourself out of your comfort zone for a week, discover new personal qualities, and learn new skills. You will be able to take part in a number of activities from canoeing to wild camping on Dartmoor. Learn rock climbing and work as a team, and enjoy the great outdoor environment.
Mr. Clemens
£140
WWI Battlefields
and Paris
(WBP)
On Monday we travel to London. After staying overnight in London, we travel on Day 2 to northern France to visit the World War I battlefields. On Day 3 we cross into Belgium. Thursday sees us make the short journey to Paris where we will visit Disneyland Paris park, staying until late to see the parade and the fireworks. Our final day, Friday, sees us visit central Paris and tour the main sights.
Mrs. Milson
£425
Crafty
Foxes
(CRF)
Four days of product design centred around textiles. Making lovely objects using recycled and made materials. Bags, cushions and decorations...Learn skills and leave with modern and unusual textiles.
Mrs. Goode
£30
Potty about Potter
(POT)
Visit Warner Bros Studio, shop stop to buy picnic, stay overnight in an approved Youth Hostel in Streatley-on -Thames, guided tour of Oxford to see the film locations, picnic lunch outside Oxford’s Christchurch, boating on the River Cherwell through the University Parks, before heading back to Exeter.
Miss Drake
£150
21. Which activity will you choose if you want to go camping?
A. OUT. B. WBP. C. CRF. D. POT.
22. What will the students do on Tuesday with Mrs. Wilson?
A. Travel to London.
B. See a parade and fireworks.
C. Tour central Paris.
D. Visit the WWI battlefields.
23. How long does Potty about Potter last?
A. Two days. B. Four days.
C. Five days. D. One week.
Passage2(2018·新课标III卷，A)
Welcome to Holker Hall & Gardens
Visitor Information
How to Get to Holker
By Car: Follow brown signs on A590 from J36, M6. Approximate travel times: Windermere-20 minutes, Kendal-25 minutes, Lancaster-45 minutes, Manchester-1 hour 30 minutes.
By Rail: The nearest station is Cark-in-Cartmel with trains to Carnforth, Lancaster and Preston for connections to major cities & airports.
Opening Times
Sunday-Friday (closed on Saturday)11:00 am-4:00pm, 30th March-2nd November.
Admission Charges
Hall & Gardens Gardens
Adults: £12.00 £8.00
Groups: £9.00 £5.50
Special Events
Producers’ Market 13th April
Join us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks. Meet the producers and get some excellent recipe ideas.
Holker Garden Festival 30th May
The event celebrates its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening, making it one of the most popular events in gardening.
National Garden Day 28th August
Holker once again opens its gardens in aid of the disadvantaged. For just a small donation you can take a tour with our garden guide.
Winter Market 8th November
This is an event for all the family. Wander among a variety of shops selling gifs while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.
21. How long does it probably take a tourist to drive to Holker from Manchester?
A.20 minutes. B.25 minutes.
C.45 minutes. D.90 minutes.
22.How much should a member of a tour group pay to visit to Hall & Gardens?
A.£l2.00. B. £9.00.
C. £8.00. D. £5.50.
23.Which event will you go to if you want to see a live music show?
A. Producers’ Market. B. Holker Garden Festival.
C. National Garden Day. D. Winter Market.
Passage3(2018·新课标III卷，B)
Cities usually have a good reason for being where they are, like a nearby port or river. People settle in these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade. New York City, for example, is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River. Over 300 years its population grew gradually from 800 people to 8 million. But not all cities develop slowly over a long period of time. Boom towns grow from nothing almost overnight. In 1896, Dawson, Canada, was unmapped wilderness(荒野). But gold was discovered there in 1897, and two years later, it was one of the largest cities in the West, with a population of 30,000.
Dawson did not have any of the natural conveniences of cities like London or Paris. People went there for gold. They travelled over snow-covered mountains and sailed hundreds of miles up icy rivers. The path to Dawson was covered with thirty feet of wet snow that could fall without warming. An avalanche(雪崩) once closed the path, killing 63 people. For many who made it to Dawson, however, the rewards were worth the difficult trip. Of the first 20,000 people who dug for gold, 4,000 got rich. About 100 of these stayed rich men for the rest of their lives.
But no matter how rich they were, Dawson was never comfortable. Necessities like food and wood were very expensive. But soon, the gold that Dawson depended on had all been found. The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down, and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come. Today, people still come and go — to see where the Canadian gold rush happened. Tourism is now the chief industry of Dawson City — its present population is 762.
24. What attracted the early settlers to New York City?
A. Its business culture.
B. Its small population.
C. Its geographical position.
D. Its favourable climate.
25. What do we know about those who first dug for gold in Dawson?
A. Two-thirds of them stayed there.
B. One out of five people got rich.
C. Almost everyone gave up.
D. Half of them died.
26. What was the main reason for many people to leave Dawson?
A. They found the city too crowded.
B. They wanted to try their luck elsewhere.
C. They were unable to stand the winter.
D. They were short of food.
27. What is the text mainly about?
A. The rise and fall of a city.
B. The gold rush in Canada.
C. Journeys into the wilderness.
D. Tourism in Dawson.
Passage4(2018·天津卷，A)
Fire Prevention Information
The University of Adelaide employs a full-time staff of fire prevention professionals. They inspect all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler(喷水灭火装置) systems, fire alarms, and fire extinguishers (灭火器). They also provide educational programs on fire safety in the residence halls. Whenever you move to a new area, you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room.
Fire Alarms
The floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual(手动的) fire alarm systems which include fire alarm pull stations and pipes. Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers. For your safety, never tamper with(胡乱摆弄) these systems. False fire alarms are illegal and may lead to imprisonment.
Fire Drills
A fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester. During a fire drill, please do the following:
·Take your room key and ID, close and lock the door to your room.
·Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit; do not use a lift.
·Meet outside of your residence hall and wait for further instructions.
Fire Extinguishers
Fire extinguishers are located on each floor and in each apartment. Use a fire extinguisher only if you have been trained to do so. Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal property. Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.
Smoke Detectors
A smoke detector is on the ceiling in your room. Some buildings also have heat detectors on the ceilings. Do the following to ensure the safe operation of your smoke detector:
●If your smoke detector is working properly, the red light should be on. If the red light is not blinking(闪动), contact residence hall staff immediately.
●Do not cover or block your smoke detector in any way.
●If a smoke detector sets off an alarm and there is no fire or smoke, inform your hall staff.
36. What is the main duty of the fire prevention professionals?
A. To provide part-time jobs for students.
B. To lead the students to the nearest exits.
C. To check and maintain fire prevention equipment.
D. To train teachers to be fire prevention professionals.
37. What do the automatic fire alarm systems include?
A. Pipes and smoke detectors.
B. Smoke detectors and sprinklers.
C. Fire alarm pull stations and pipes.
D. Sprinklers and fire alarm pull stations.
38. In a fire drill, the students should ___________.
A. rush quickly to a lift
B. gather at the nearest exit
C. shut the door and leave at once
D. wait for instructions in the hall
39. What do we know about the use of fire extinguishers?
A. Using them wrongly results in punishment.
B. Irresponsible use of them can damage them.
C. Improper use of them can destroy the apartment.
D. Using them without a trainer present is forbidden.
40. To ensure the safe operation of the smoke detector, one should_________.
A. contact the hall staff regularly
B. cover the things that burn easily
C. start the smoke detector in a fire
D. make certain the red light is working
题组三（2017年高考真题）
Passage1(2017·北京卷，B)
Inspiring young minds!
TOKNOW Magazine is a big hit in the world of children’s publishing, bringing a unique combination of challenging ideas and good fun to young fans every month.

What’s inside?
Every month the magazine introduces a
fresh new topic with articles, experiments
and creative things to make — the magazine
also explores philosophy and wellbeing to make sure young readers have a balanced take on life.


What is so special about TOKNOW magazine?
Well, it has no ads or promotions inside—
instead it is jam-packed with serious ideas.
TOKNOW makes complex ideas attractive and
accessible to children, who can become involved in advanced concepts and even philosophy（哲学）—and they will soon discover that TOKNOW feels more like a club than just a magazine.







Sounds too good to be true?
Take a look online—evidence shows that thousands of teachers and parents know a good thing when they see it and recommend TOKNOW to their friends.
Happy Birthday All Year!
What could be more fun than a gift that keeps coming through the letterbox every month? The first magazine with your gift message will arrive in time for the special day.
SUBSCRIBE NOW
□Annual Subscription
Europe £55 Rest of World £65
□Annual Subscription with Gift Pack
Includes a Mammoth Map, a Passport Puzzle Booklet, and Subscription
Europe £60 Rest of World £70
Refund Policy—the subscription can be cancelled within 28 days and you can get your money back.
59. Why is TOKNOW a special magazine?
A. It entertains young parents.
B. It provides serious advertisements.
C. It publishes popular science fictions.
D. It combines fun with complex concepts.
60. What does TOKNOW offer its readers?
A. Online courses.
B. Articles on new topics.
C. Lectures on a balanced life.
D. Reports on scientific discoveries.
61. How much should you pay if you make a 12-mouth subscription to TOKNOW with gift pack from China?
A. £55. B. £60.
C. £65. D. £70.
62. Subscribers of TOKNOW would get .
A. free birthday presents
B. full refund within 28 days
C. membership of the TOKNOW club
D. chances to meet the experts in person
Passage2(2017·新课标II卷，A)
In the coming months, we are bringing together artists from all over the globe, to enjoy speaking Shakespeare’s plays in their own language, in our globe, within the architecture Shakespeare wrote for. please come and join us.
National Theatre Of China Beijing|Chinese
This great occasion(盛会) will be the national Theatre of China’s first visit to the UK. The company’s productions show the new face of 21st century Chinese theatre. This production of Shakespeare’s Richard III will be directed by the National’s Associate Director, Wang Xiaoying.
Date &Time: Saturday 28 April,2.30pm&Sunday 29 April,1.30pm&6.30pm
Marjanishvili Theatre Tbilisi |Georgian
One of the most famous theatres in Georgia, the Marjanishvili, founded in 1928,appears regularly at theatre festivals all over the world. This new production of As You Like It is helmed（指导）by the company’s Artistic Director Levan Tsuladze.
Date & Time : Friday 18May,2.30pm&Saturday 19May,7.30pm
Deafinitely Theatre London | British Sign Language （BSL）
By translating the rich and humourous text of Love’s Labour’s Lost into the physical language of BSL, Deafinitely Theatre creates a new interpretation of Shakespeare’s comedy and aims to build a bridge between deaf and hearing worlds by performing to both groups as one audience.
Date&Time: Tueaday 22 May,2.30pm&Wednesday 23 May,7.30pm
Habima National Theatre Tel Aviv| Hebrew
The Habima is the centre of Hebrew-language theatre worldwide, Founded in Moscow after the 1905 revolution, the company eventually settled in Tel Aviv in the late 1920s,Since 1958,they have been recognized as the national theatre of Israel. This production of Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice marks their first visit to the UK.
Date &Time: Monday 28May,7.30&Tuesday 29 May,7.30pm
21.which play will be performed by the National Theatre of China?
A. Richard Ⅲ. B. Lover’s Labour’s Lost.
C.As You Like It. D. The merchant of Venice.
22.What is special about Deafinnitely Theatre?
A. It has two groups of actors.
B. It is the leading theatre in London.
C. It performs plays in BSL.
D. It is good at producing comedies.
23.When can you see a play in Hebrew?
A. On Saturday 28Apil. B. On Sunday 29 April.
C. On Tuesday 22 May. D. On Tuesday 29 May.
Passage3(2017·新课标II卷，B)
I first met Paul Newman in 1968, when George Roy Hill, the director of Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, introduced us in New York City. When the studio didn’t want me for the film — it wanted somebody as well known as Paul — he stood up for me. I don’t know how many people would have done that; they would have listened to their agents or the studio powers.
The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference, we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV. We were respectful of craft（技艺）and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play. Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors: humorous, aggressive, and making fun of each other— but always with an underlying affection. Those were also at the core（核心）of our relationship off the screen.
We shared the brief that if you’re fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back— he with his Newman’s Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival. Paul and I didn’t see each other all that regularly, but sharing that brought us together. We supported each other financially and by showing up at events.
I last saw him a few months ago. He’d been in and out of the hospital. He and I both knew what the deal was, and we didn’t talk about it. Ours was a relationship that didn’t need a lot of words.
24.Why was the studio unwilling to give the role to author at first?
A. Paul Newman wanted it.
B. The studio powers didn’t like his agent.
C. He wasn’t famous enough.
D. The director recommended someone else.
25.Why did Paul and the author have a lasting friendship?
A. They were of the same age.
B. They worked in the same theater.
C. They were both good actors.
D. They have similar characteristics.
26.What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Their belief.
B. Their care for children.
C. Their success.
D. Their support for each other.
27.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A. To show his love of films.
B. To remember a friend.
C. To introduce a new movie.
D. To share his acting experience.
Passage4(2017·新课标III卷，A)
San Francisco Fire Engine Tours
San Francisco Winery Tour
Running: February 1st through April 30th
This delicious tour goes through the city on its way to Treasure Island where we will stop at the famous Winery SF. Here you can enjoy 4 pours of some of the best wine San Francisco has to offer.(Included in tickets price)
Departing from the Cannery: Tour times upon request.
Duration(时长): 2 hours
Price: $90
Back to the Fifties Tour
Running: August 16th through August 31st
This tour transports you back in time to one of San Francisco’s most fantastic periods, the 1950s! Enjoy fun history as we take you through San Francisco for a free taste of ice cream.
Departing from the Cannery: 5:00 pm and 7:00 pm
Duration: 2 hours
Price: $90
Spooky Halloween Tour
Running: October 10th through October 31st
Join us for a ride through the historical Presidio district. Authentic fire gear(服装) is provided for your warmth as our entertainers take you to some of the most thrilling parts of San Francisco.
Departing from the Cannery: 6:30 pm and 8:30 pm
Duration: 1 hour and 30 minutes
Price: Available upon request
Holiday Lights Tour
Running: December 6th through December 23nd
This attractive tour takes you to some of San Francis’s most cheerful holiday scenes. Authentic fire gear is provided for your warmth as you get into the holiday spirit.
Departing from the Cannery: 7:00 pm and 9:00 pm
Duration: 1 hour and 30 minutes
Advance reservations required.
21. Which of the tours is available in March?
A. San Francisco Winery Tour.
B. Back to the Fifties Tour.
C. Spooky Hallowen Tour.
D. Holiday Lights Tour.
22. What can tourists do on Back to the Fifties Tours?
A. Go to Treasure Island.
B. Enjoy the holiday scenes.
C. Have free ice cream.
D. Visit the Presidio district.
23. What are tourists required to do to go on Holiday Lights Tour?
A. Take some drinks.
B. Set off early in the morning.
C. Wear warm clothes.
D. Make reservations in advance.
题组四（名校模拟题）
Passage 1(武汉第二中学2019届高三五月全仿真模拟考试)
The Visitor Oyster card
A Visitor Oyster card is the cheapest way to pay for a single adult journeyin London. It’s a plastic smartcard. You can use it on the bus, tube, tram, DLR,London Overground and most National Rail services. It’s much cheaper thanbuying individual tickets, in some cases costing 50% less than the price of a regularpaper ticket.
How to get a Visitor Oyster card
You can buy a Visitor Oyster card online. Your card will be delivered by post.The card costs £5 and you choose how much money you want to add to the card.This means you can start using the card the moment you arrive in Central London.
How does the Visitor Oyster card work?
The Oyster card works on a pay-as-you-go system. You start by adding money to the card. Then you travel, the cost of the fare will automatically bededucted from your Visitor Oyster card. For example, if you add £20 to thecard and make a tube journey of £2.30, you will have £17.70 left on the card.
A few more points:
·A child under the age of 11 travels free when accompanied by an adult.
·You’ll save more money if you use the tube several times. The Visitor Oyster cardis “capped (给……定上限)” at £6.80 per day.
·You’ll pay more during peak times. Peak fares apply from Monday to Friday (6:30am—9:30 am; 4:00 pm —7:00 pm), except for public holidays.
·Reuse the Oyster card by adding credit at a tube station, Oyster ticket shop orVisitor Centre.
·Receive a discount on the Thames Clippers River Bus services.
1. What can we learn about the Visitor Oyster card?
A. You can’t use it during public holidays.
B. You can have it mailed directly to your home.
C. You can get a free Oyster card if you order online.
D. You can receive a 50% discount at any shop in London.
2. How much money will be deducted if you take the tube four times in a day witha Visitor Oyster card?
A. £2.30. B. £3.40.
C. £6.80. D. £9.20.
3. Where can you add credit to your Visitor Oyster card?
A. On the Internet. B. At a bus station.
C. At a tube station. D. In convenience stores.
Passage 2(山东省菏泽市第一中学2019届高三最后一模)
Every man dreams of having a good car. With luxury cars, like Bentley, Lamborghini and Rolls-Royce, going into the world of SUVs, if you have deep pockets, you will be spoilt for choice.
◆Lamborghini Aventador SVJ
Using a new aerodynamic system allows it to set a car lap record of 6: 44 97 at Nurburgring, one of the longest and most challenging circuits in the world. Plus, carbon fiber can be seen everywhere, which makes the car strong and lightweight. There’re only 900 being built and you’11need to cough up $517, 770 to buy one.
◆Aston Martin DBX
The DBX is Aston Martin’s maiden SUV product. It features a choice of two gas engines—a 4.0-liter V8 from Mercedes and a 5.2-liter V12 from its own. The price is predicted to be around $250, 000.
◆Audi E-tron
Being an eco-friendly motoring. it is an all-electric SUV that makes up for its rather ordinary appearance with design, luxury and technology. At the front and back are electric motors which insure progress is rapid. In addition to plenty of storage space, the Audi E-tron provides side cameras instead of side mirrors and air suspension that adapts to the terrain (地 形). Hand over $74, 800 and it’s yours.
◆Tesla Roadster
Tesla Roadster will turn most heads, Zero to 60 in 1.9 seconds means it will leave most cars for dust. The top speed is 250 mph, which is also unheard of for most cars—let alone an a11-electric one. Having advanced autonomous driving systems and a huge touchscreen for surfing the Internet, it won’t make you regret for paying $200, 000.
1. What’s special about Lamborghini Aventador SVJ?
A. It offers two gas engines. B. It is an all-electric SUV.
C. It uses lightweight materials. D. It has the most challenging circuit.
2. Which car is suitable if you want one with adaptable air suspension?
A. Lamborghini Aventador SVJ. B. Aston Martin DBX.
C. Audi E-tron. D. Tesla Roadster
3. Which of the following does Tesla Roadster provide?
A. Self-driving systems. B. A gas-saving engine.
C. Side cameras. D. Much storage space.

Passage 3(2018届江西省金溪一中、余江一中等五市八校高三联考)
We should all let the sunshine in as much as possible--not just because it makes us feel good. Exposure to sunlight produces vitamin D in our skin. This is why we call vitamin D the “sunshine vitamin.”
Vitamin D is good for everybody. In fact, research shows this "sunshine vitamin" could help women with breast cancer live longer.
Breast cancer patients who have high blood levels of vitamin D have a better prognosis(/a)than women who don't. A prognosis is how quickly a doctor expects a patient to recover or how long a doctor expects a patient to live.
Researchers found that these women had less aggressive cancers. They were also 30 percent less likely to die from the cancer or to get it again.
Researcher Song Yao led the study for the Roswell Park Cancer Institute. He said the study showed that high vitamin D levels improved the patients' prognosis no matter what type or how advanced their cancer was
Besides fighting breast cancer, vitamin D helps the body in other ways. Most importantly, vitamin D controls how the body absorbs calcium. It also makes sure the body's immune system works normally.
Several studies show that vitamin D also strengthens the immune system and helps the body fight disease Vitamin D may help reduce your risk of developing heart disease, according to a 2008 study published in the journal Circulation. And it may also help protect you against getting the flu. Other studies have shown that vitamin D might help people suffering from depression.
Factors in the environment may limit our exposure to sunlight and, therefore, vitamin D. These factors include pollution, using too much sunscreen, spending too much time inside and living in areas with little sunlight.
So if you can't get enough sunshine, eat foods that are rich in vitamin D: egg yolks, cheese and fatty fish h as salmon, sardines, tuna or mackerel
How much vitamin D you need is a much-debated topic. The best way to know if you need more vitamin D is to get tested by a doctor.
1.According to the research, women with high blood levels of vitamin D ______.
A. live longer than women without B. never get cancer again
C. have less aggressive cancers D. can recover from cancer earlier
2.The benefits of vitamin D are _______.
A. strengthening the immune system                  B. killing cancer cells
C. promoting the absorption of calcium              D. protecting against getting the flu
A. abc. B. acd
C. abd. D. abcd.
3.To get more vitamin D, people can__________.
A. eat more food and do more exercise
B. get exposure to more sunlight and eat foods rich in it
C drink more water and eat more foods rich in it
C. eat more food and keep positive
4.How does the author support the theme of the passage?
A. By providing research results B. By stating arguments
C. By explaining statistical data. D. By giving examples.
Passage 4((2018届福建省百所重点校高三联合考试)
Welcome to AMDA
Your future in the performing arts doesn’t have to be a dream. For over 50 years, AMDA has launched some of the most successful careers in theatre, film and television. AMDA creates industry professionals who don’t just wait for life to happen—they stage their own career path. Now it’s your turn.
Program description
At AMDA, we believe a performer must perform. From the first day, you’ll find many performance opportunities in the three core areas of acting, musical theatre and dance, both in and out of the classroom, plus individual voice lessons. Over the course of your four semesters (学期), you’ll also improve your performance technique through an intensive curriculum that focuses on both foundational and advanced concepts in acting, musical theatre and dance. Finally, through courses in career preparation, you’ll learn how to apply all of this training to a successful career on stage and screen.
Philosophy and mission
AMDA is committed to providing a splendid performing arts education to a diverse community of creative artists. AMDA serves as both school and stage, where students are given the support and opportunity to identify their own personal objectives and to develop and improve their own distinctive artistic voices. AMDA tries to create an environment for students to develop the skills, confidence, imagination, and power to contribute to their community as artists, businesspeople, lifelong learners, and hard-working citizens of the world Above all, AMDA wants to teach students that commitment and passion are the marks of a successful and joyous career.
Registration
6305 Yucca Street Los Angeles
800-367-7908
https: //www.amda.edu
1.What is the curriculum of AMDA about?
A. Drawing. B. Philosophy.
C. Performing. D. Photography.
2.How long does the course last?
A. One semester. B. Two years.
C. Three semesters. D. Four years.
3.What can students learn in AMDA?
A. How to sing beautifully. B. How to train a performer.
C. The way to build a stage. D. The way to be a director.


题组一
Passage1
【语篇解读】本文为应用文。本文叙述了省政府及其合作伙伴提供了许多项目来帮助学生暑期在找到工作。
21.B
【解析】细节理解题。根据Summer Company部分中的“Summer Company provides students with ...awards of up to ＄3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses” 可知“Summer Company为学生提供高达3000美元的奖励，来开始和经营他们自己的暑期业务”。“start and run their own summer businesses”即“为开办新的业务”，这对应B项中的“runn new businesses”，二者是词义之间的转述关系。故选B。
22.D
【解析】细节理解题。根据Stewardship Youth Ranger Program部分中的第二段“Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.”可知“符合条件的学生：16岁或17岁的学生，但在今年12月31日之前未满18岁”。由此得出，这个项目要求年龄在16-17岁之间。分析选项可知D项符合题意，故选D。
23.D
【解析】细节理解题。根据Summer Employment Opportunities部分中的最后一段最后一句“Who is eligible: ...Some positions require students to be 15to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability”,可知Summer Employment Opportunities有些职位是给残疾人的。分析选项可知，D项符合题意，故选D。
Passage2
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。这篇文章对一些话剧的开幕和新剧首映进行了介绍。
21.A
【解析】细节理解题。根据话剧Animals Out of Paper的Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph, in which an origami artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio.可知，Rajiv Joseph创作的的话剧是关于折纸的一种艺术。故选A。
22.D
【解析】细节理解题。根据话剧The Audience的Stephen Daldry directs.可知，本剧是Stephen Daldry导演的。故选D。
23.C
【解析】细节理解题。根据话剧Hamilton 的Li-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton in which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story.可知，话剧Hamilton的主题是美国的诞生，由此可知，如果你对美国历史感兴趣，你可以看这部话剧。故选C。
Passage3
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。研究发现：猴子可以进行基本的加法运算。文章对研究的经过和结论做了介绍和分析。
32.C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys…The researches then tested how…”可知，在对这些猴子进行测试之前，研究者们对它们进行了培训。故C选项正确。
33.B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In their cages the monkeys were provided with touch screen…If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen, they would be rewarded with seven drops…; if they went for the circle, they would be rewarded with…”可知，当猴子触摸屏幕左边时，它们会得到7滴水或者果汁的奖励；当它们触摸屏幕的另一端（即画着圆圈的部分）时，它们会得到17滴水或果汁的奖励。由此可知，猴子是通过触摸屏幕得到奖励的。B选项正确。
34.A
【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段“The monkeys would go for the higher values more than half the time, indicating that they were performing a calculation, not just memorizing the value of each combination”和第五段中的“When adding two numbers…”可知，猴子会在超过一半的时间内选择更高的值，这意味着它们在进行计算，而不仅仅是记住每一个组合的值。由此可知，A选项正确：猴子能够进行基本的加法计算。由此亦可以排除C选项。
35.D
【解析】推理判断题。通读整篇文章可知，该文介绍的是哈佛医学院的科学家Margaret Livingstone领导的一个研究团队对猴子进行实验得出的研究结果。这属于“科学研究”范畴，故该文应出现在报纸的“科学”板块。故D选项正确。
Passage4
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。数据和身份盗窃变得越来越普遍，目前，向指纹扫描等这些技术仍然是昂贵的。本文介绍了一种新的科技——智能键盘，它能给e-space用户带来安全，而且这项技术也不贵。
28.D
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段的At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.和第二段的Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device that gets around this problem: a smart key board.可知，研究者们开发智能键盘是为了降低e-space保护的成本。故选D。
29.C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段的The key board could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user’s typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus，the keyboard can determine people’s identities可知，因为每个人的打字方式不同，使智能键盘能够识别人的身份。故选C。
30.B
【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段的The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.可知，研究者们希望智能键盘能早日面世。故选B。
31.D
【解析】推理判断题。本文介绍了一种新的科技——智能键盘，它能给e-space用户带来安全，由此可知，本文是关于科技，结合所给选项可知，本文可能来自于一本杂志。故选D。

题组二
Passage1
【文章大意】本文是一篇广告布告类说明文。文中讲述了家长和孩子一起挑选可以参加的活动。文中分别对这些活动的名称，活动内容，活动特色和活动组织工作人员还有活动的价格进行了详细的描述。
21.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据题干中的go camping，我们可以迅速浏览到第一个活动当中的wild camping (野外露营)这个关键信息。故选A。
22.D 【解析】细节理解题。 根据题干中的with Wilson，我们锁定在第二个活动；根据On Monday we travel to London. After staying overnight in London, we travel on Day 2 to northern France to visit the World War I battlefields.可知，星期一是去伦敦并在伦敦住一夜，第二天也就是星期二到法国北部参观一站战场。故选D 。
23.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据题干中的信息Potty about Potter last我们从最后一种活动来寻找答案。关键信息overnight意为“一夜的逗留”。故这个活动是持续两天。故选A。
Passage 2
【文章大意】文章为旅游指南。文章主要介绍了去Holker Hall& Garden 旅游的相关信息，如：出行方式，开放时间，旅行费用以及主要活动等。
21.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段How to Get to Holker中By car里Approximate travel times后面内容可知，从Manchester到Holker要用1 hour and 30 minutes，即90分钟，故选D。
22.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据Admission Charges可知，团体中的一员去Hall & Gardens 需要支付9英镑。故选B。
23.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段Winter Market中最后一句Wander among a variety of shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.可知，如果想去看现场表演需要去Winter Market。故选D。
Passage 3
【话题解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Dawson这座城市的发展原因、过程与现状。
24.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中Cities usually have a good reason for being where they are, like a nearby port or river. People settle in these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade. New York City, for example, is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River.可知，人们选择在河边或港口设城是因为交通方便，便于做生意。而纽约就是在哈德森河口附近的一个大港口，故纽约吸引早期移民的原因是它的地理位置，故C正确。
25.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句Of the first 20,000 people who dug for gold, 4,000 got rich. About 100 of these stayed rich men for the rest of their lives.可知，在最初挖黄金的两万人中有4000人变富有，所以是五分之一的人变富了，故B正确。
26.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come.可知，人们离开Dawson的主要原因是听说在Alaska发现了黄金，也就是他们要去别的地方寻找发财的机会。故B正确。
27.A 【解析】主旨大意题。第一段简要介绍城市发展的原因，引出Dawson这一城市的兴起，第二段介绍了该城市兴起的原因，第三段介绍人们选择离开该城市的原因及现在的状况，所以全文围绕Dawson这个城市的发展起伏。故A正确。
Passage 4
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要从火警、消防训练、灭火器和烟雾探测器的使用等方面介绍了一些防火信息。
36.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段They inspect all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler(喷水灭火装置）systems fire alarms and fire extinguishers (灭火器).可知，专职消防人员主要职责是检查、测试和维护所有的校园建筑物防火装备。故选C。
37.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章Fire Alarms中的句子Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers.可知，火灾自动报警系统由热探测器、烟雾探测器和喷头组成。故选B。
38.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章Fire Drills中的句子Take your room key and ID, close and lock the door to your room.和Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit do not use a lift.可知，在消防演习中，学生锁好门并立即从最近的紧急出口离开。故选C。
39.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章Fire Extinguishers中的句子Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.可知，误用灭火器会导致罚款。故选A。
40.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章Smoke Detector中的句子If your smoke detector is working properly, the red light should be on. If the red light is not blinking（闪动），contact residence hall staff immediately.可知，烟雾探测器是否安全运行，看红灯是否闪动。故选D。

题组三
Passage1
【文章大意】文章介绍了一本杂志TOKNOW Magazine。
59.D 细节理解题。根据第一个方框内TOKNOW makes complex ideas attractive and accessible to children,可知TOKNOW杂志让那些复杂的观点变得非常的有吸引力并且孩子们可以接受，有吸引力的东西肯定有趣，故可知答案为D。
60.B 细节理解题。根据第二个方框内Every month the magazine introduces a fresh new topic with articles, experiments and creative things to make可知杂志每个月都会引入一个新观点，并配有文章，实验等，所以答案为B。
61.D 细节理解题。根据Annual Subscription with Gift Pack所在部Includes a Mammoth Map, a passport Puzzle Booklet, and Subscription Europe £60 Rest of World £70，中国属于Rest of World，故答案为D。
62.B 细节理解题。根据最后一句话Refund Policy—the subscription can be cancelled within 28 days and you can get your money back.可知订阅可在28天内取消，且全额退款，故答案为B。
Passage2
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了莎士比亚的戏剧被翻译成几个国家的语言，并将在这些国家的大剧院上映的有关情况。
21. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据“This great occasion(盛会) will be the national Theatre of China’s first visit to
the UK .以及This production of Shakespeare’s Richard III will be directed by the National’s
Associate Director,Wang Xiaoying”，可知Richard III将要在中国国家大剧院上映。故选A。
22.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据“By translating the rich and humourous text of Love’s Labour’s Lost into the physical language of BSL, Deafinitely Theatre creates a new interpretation of Shakespeare’s comedy and aims to build a bridge between deaf and hearing worlds可知选C。
23.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据“Date Date&Time:Monday 28May,7.30&Tuesday 29 May,7.30pm”可知，可
以在5月29日，星期二这一天，在希伯来观看戏剧。故选D。
Passage3
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者与Paul Newman之间的深厚友情。当制片人不想让我参演电影时，Paul Newman站出来为我说话，两人因此而建立了深厚的友谊。在此后的很多年里，两人一直相互扶持，相互鼓励，因此两人的深厚友情维系了很多年。
24.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据“When the studio didn’t want me for the film— it wanted somebody as well
known as Paul”可知，作者当时还不是很有名。故选C。
25.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据“Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors:
humorous, aggressive, and making fun of each other— but always with an underlying affection. Those were also at the core （核心）of our relationship off the screen”可知，作者与Paul之间有着相似的性格特征。故选D。
26.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据“We shared the brief that if you’re fortunate enough to have success, you should
put something back”，我们都有这个信仰：如果你有幸获得成功，你应该有所回馈。下文“he with his Newman’s Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival”是作者举的例子，因此“sharing that brought us together.”that指代前面提到的信仰。故选A。
27.B 【解析】写作意图题。根据“I last saw him a few months ago. He’d been in and out of the hospital. He and
I both knew what the deal was, and we didn’t talk about it”可知Paul已经去世了，再结合前文“I first met Paul Newman in 1968”，可推断作者非常怀念这位朋友。故选B。
Passage4
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了美国旧金山的四个旅游活动和路线。
21.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一则广告中的＂Running: February 1st through April 30th＂可知，这个旅游活动是从2月份持续到4月份。
22.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二则广告中的＂Enjoy fun history as we take you through San Francisco for a free taste of ice cream＂ 可知，在活动中人们可以享受到免费的冰激凌。
23.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一个活动中的 ＂Advance reservations required＂可知，参加Holiday Lights Tour需要人们提前预约。
题组四
Passage 1
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了游览伦敦使用Visitor Oyster Card的好处，如何购买及如何充值。
1.B
【解析】细节理解题。第二段第二句Your card will be delivered by post.可知Visitor Oyster card可以直接寄到你家。故选B。
2.C
【解析】细节理解题。根据A few more points部分You’ll save more money if you use the tube several times. The Visitor Oyster card is “capped (给……定上限)” at £6.80 per day.可知如果你乘几次地铁，你会节省更多的钱。Visitor Oyster卡的“上限”是每天6.8英镑。故选C。
3.C
【解析】细节理解题。根据A few more points部分倒数第二段Reuse the Oyster card by adding credit at a tube station, Oyster ticket shop or Visitor Centre.可知可以在地铁站添加，故选C。
Passage 2
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四款豪华汽车的卖点以及价格。
1.C
【解析】细节理解题。由问题中的“Lamborghini Aventador SVJ”将答案定位在第一个小标题下。由段落中的“Plus，carbon fiber can be seen everywhere，which makes the car strong and lightweight. ”可知，碳纤维是这种车使用的主要材料，这使得这种车很结实而且重量轻。
也就是说车使用的是轻型材料。故选C。
2.C
【解析】细节理解题。由第三个小标题下的“In addition to plenty of storage space, the Audi E-tron provides side cameras instead of side mirrors and air suspension that adapts to the terrain (地形)”可知，奥迪e-tron不仅有足够大的存储空间，还有侧边摄像机和适应地形的可调节的空气悬挂。且“air suspension”只在第三个小标题下出现，其它三个小标下均没有出现空气悬挂。故选C。
3.A
【解析】细节理解题。 由问题中的“Tesla Roadster”将答案定位在第四个小标题下。由本段中的“Having advanced autonomous driving systems and …”可知，特斯拉 Roadste 拥有高端的自动驾驶系统。故选A。
Passage3
【文章大意】本短文是一篇研究报告。根据研究结果显示，在人体内的维生素D对人的健康有诸多好处。
1.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段Breast cancer patients, who have high blood levels of, vitaminD.…who don't。题干中的This women.指的是含有维生素Ｄ的女士。根据第三段第一句话。故选C。
2.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段可知，故选B。
3.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第二行Exposure to sunlight produces vitamin D in our skin。和倒数第二段第一行So if you can't get enough sunshine, eat foods that are rich in vitamin D可知，故选B。
4.A 【解析】细节理解题。第一段中的research shows....第三段中Researchers found.第四段中Hesaid the study showed that.第五段中several studies show that.可知，作者是通过提供研究结果来展开文章主体内容的。故选A。
Passage4
【文章大意】文章主要介绍关于表演艺术的课程。
1.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Your future in the performing arts doesn’t have to be a dream.”可知，课程是关于表演的。故选C。
2.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章“Program description”部分中“Over the course of your four semesters (学期),”可知，课程有四个学期，所以有两年的时间。故选B。
3.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章“Program description”部分中“plus individual voice lessons”可知，课程也教授语音课。故选A。