2021版高考英语（译林版）一轮复习学案选修6unit4课时提能练31

课时提能练(三十一)

选修6　Unit 1　Laughter is good for you

课时作业A：基础层面

Ⅰ.语境语法填空

A

Yesterday I watched the standups by the young famous comedian on the stage in the crowded cinema.His performance was so 1.amusing(amuse)  that all the audience burst into 2.laughing(laugh) watching him.

What do you think lead him 3.to_make(make) such great progress in such a short time？As we all know，there is no such thing as free lunch in the world.Only by 4.holding(hold) on to his aim and working hard on it can he succeed.

B

Stand­up is a favourite type of comedy，which 1.is_done(do) on a stage by a comedian 2.talking(talk)  straight to audience members.There are a variety of different styles of standup comedy.Some comedians tell jokes about 3.the way people behave or about daily life.Some comedians rely on visual humour.Other comedians may trip over chairs，walk into doors，4.and fall down on stage in order to make people laugh.The last kind of comedian does 5.impressions(impression)．These comedians act or speak like a wellknown person.Billy Crystal is one of the standup comedians who have become 6.famous(fame) as television and film performers later on in life.He is popular with all age groups and has the ability 7.to_amuse(amuse) people all over the world.This proves that standup can be enjoyed by everyone.

Ⅱ.语境短文改错

根据课文内容，对下面材料进行修改。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

Ding Guangquan，an well­known master of crosstalk，has been teaching this unique art form to foreigners from 1989.He has instructed students from over 70 different country.His initial requirements are that students should have an interested in Chinese culture but speak good Putonghua.The students begin our training by listening and copying traditional pieces of crosstalk.Then they move on to creating crosstalk dialogues in pairs with others students.Ding Guangquan's  classes are very popular among foreign students，and they were held in Beijing.So，if you want to try crosstalk lessons，why not to study with a real old master?

[答案]　

Ding Guangquan，  well­known master of crosstalk，has been teaching this unique art form to foreigners   1989.He has instructed students from over 70 different .His initial requirements are that students should have an  in Chinese culture  speak good Putonghua.The students begin  training by listening and copying traditional pieces of crosstalk.Then they move on to creating crosstalk dialogues in pairs with  students.Ding Guangquan's classes are very popular among foreign students，and they  held in Beijing.So，if you want to try crosstalk lessons，why not to study with a real old master?

Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子

1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ·书面表达)如果你能在你方便时尽早给我回信我将很感激。(动词＋it＋从句)

I'll_appreciate_it_if you can reply to my letter at your earliest convenience.

2．她环顾四周，好像不确定身在何处(as if＋不定式)

She looked round as_if_to_be unsure of where she was.

3．听到这里时，全班哄堂大笑，而我的同桌脸红了。(burst out)

When they heard this，the whole class burst_out_laughing，and my deskmate's face turned red.

4．那位母亲对孩子们说，“我不在家时你们要守规矩”。(behave)

The mother said to her children，“I want you to behave_yourselves while I'm away.”

课时作业B：能力层面

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2019·石家庄市重点高中摸底考试)Many Canadians are aware that problems with the nation's health care system have resulted in a lack of hospital beds and medical equipment，overcrowded emergency rooms，long waiting lists，and not enough family doctors.

Over the last 10 years，the number of medical students choosing the family practice as their lifelong career has been dropping at a surprising rate.When asked why they lack interest in family medicine，the students cite (援引) a heavy student debt load and the long hours required of a doctor who is managing the family practice.As in other kinds of work，young doctors today want a balance between their professional and personal lives.

In British Columbia (BC) this problem is made worse because the province produces fewer medical graduates for each person than any other province in Canada.The provincial government has committed itself to doubling the number of medical student graduates.This strategy doesn't come close to giving us the new doctors needed each year in BC to replace those who are retiring，moving out of the province，reducing their hours of practice，or dying.

The primary care system is showing its cracks.Ten years ago,2,030 of BC's family doctors were providing obstetrical (产科的) care.Today just 945 are performing this invaluable service.Although delivering babies is a “good news” area of medicine，the hours are long，but the reward for bringing new life into the world is modest.It's no surprise，then，that many of BC's family doctors are no longer taking on new patients.In 1999，there were 1,420 family doctors accepting new patients—in 2004 that number declined to 599，a drop of 58%.

The foundation of primary care needs to be strengthened.The Working Agreement between the doctors and the government includes a series of primary care renewal projects designed to make the family practice more attractive to medical graduates，improve upon working conditions，and entice family doctors from outside BC to start their business here.Yet still more needs to be done.

【语篇解读】　该文主要介绍了加拿大家庭医生严重缺乏的问题。

1．What makes medical students unwilling to be family physicians?

A．The student debt and long working hours.

B．Long term of study at a medical school.

C．A limited number of places in the medical school.

D．An increasing number of patients and long waiting lists for specialists.

A　[细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“When asked why they lack interest in family medicine，the students cite (援引) a heavy student debt load and the long hours required of a doctor who is managing the family practice”可知，学生债务负担和工作时间长成为阻碍医科学生选择成为家庭医生的两大障碍，故选A。]

2．What does the text say about family doctors in BC?

A．They are no longer needed.

B．They are too few in number.

C．They will soon become abundant.

D．They are rapidly leaving the province.

B　[细节理解题。根据第四段第二、三句“Ten years ago,2,030 of BC's family doctors were providing obstetrical(产科的) care.Today just 945 are performing this invaluable service.”，并结合本段最后一句“In 1999，there were 1,420 family doctors accepting new patients—in 2004 that number declined to 599，a drop of 58%.”可知，在大不列颠哥伦比亚，家庭医生的数量在急剧下降，缺口很大，故选B。]

3．Which can replace the underlined word “entice” in the last paragraph?

A．Forbid.　 B．Hire.

C．Remind. D．Attract.

D　[词义猜测题。根据最后一段第二句中的关键词“attractive”和“improve”可推知，画线词在此处的含义与D项“吸引”相近，故选D。]

4．What is the primary purpose of the text?

A．To show sympathy for family doctors.

B．To inspire young people to be family doctors.

C．To stress the urgent need of more family doctors.

D．To tell the disadvantages of being family doctors.

C　[写作意图题。根据第一段的点题，并结合全文的内容可推知，本文主要介绍了加拿大家庭医生严重缺乏的问题，故选C。]

B

(2019·成都市毕业班第一次诊断性检测)Young trees don't just grow；they develop a personality and learn more about their environment and how they should best behave in it.They also help each other out whenever there's trouble.

Personality，just as among people，varies among trees.Some are anxious，some bold.On the author's land，there are three oak trees growing close together.One of the oak trees always starts to shed its leaves two weeks earlier than the others.Since they all experience the same temperature，the same soil and the same length of day，such variables can't be the explanation.So what's happening？Well，this tree is simply more careful than the others.Whoever holds on to their leaves longer can do more photosynthesis(光合作用) and store more nutrients.However，the longer a tree keeps its leaves，the higher the risk of injury.

Not only do trees make their own decisions，they also learn from their mistakes. A tree，for example，keeping its leaves too long during one year will never make this mistake again.This leads to several other conclusions：trees must notice the temperature and the length of the day and be able to save their experiences somewhere. Obviously，trees don't have brains，but it is thought that in the sensitive tips of their roots they keep track of information and experiences.

But trees aren't only clever when it comes to caring for themselves.They also support each other whenever there's trouble by giving warnings and even taking care of sick and weak conspecifics with nutrients.For example，one time the author found a very old tree stump.Its insides had rotted a long time ago to topsoil.But the wood on the outside of the stump was still living.How was this possible？Well，the stump was nourished by its neighbors with nutrients from the root system，and had been for at least 400 years!

Why do trees do_such_a_thing？It's simple: it's better together.Trees need the forest; it protects them from storms，provides the right microclimate and warns them of attacks.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了树的智慧：每棵树都有它不同的个性；遇到困难时它们也会互相帮助。研究发现，树不但能自己做决定，还能从自己的错误中吸取教训。

5．Why does the author mention the three oak trees?

A．To illustrate trees can learn from experiences.

B．To show trees can make independent decisions.

C．To explain trees are quite supportive to each other.

D．To prove trees have the same personalities as humans.

B　[推理判断题。根据第二段第四句“One of the oak trees always starts to shed its leaves two weeks earlier than the others.”可知，三棵橡树中，有一棵总比其他两棵先落叶；结合第三段第一句“Not only do trees make their own decisions，they also learn from their mistakes”可知，树木能自己做决定；据此可推知，作者提及三棵橡树旨在说明树木可以自己做决定，故B项正确。]

6．According to the text，which of the following  can best describes general features of trees?

A．Anxious and bold.

B．Smart and adventurous.

C．Helpful and well­behaved.

D．Adaptable and supportive.

D　[推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Not only do trees make their own decisions，they also learn from their mistakes.”，并结合第三段内容可知，树木不仅能自己做决定，还能从自己的错误中吸取教训；据此可推知，树木适应能力强；根据第四段第一、二句“But trees aren't only clever when it comes to caring for themselves.They also support each other whenever there's trouble by giving warnings and even taking care of sick and weak conspecifics with nutrients.”可知，树木不仅善于照顾自己，当遇到困难时，它们会发出警告，相互支持，甚至照顾生病、虚弱的同类；据此可推知，树木之间互帮互助，故D项正确。]

7．What does the underlined phrase“do such a thing”mean?

A．Give warnings.

B．Offer assistance.

C．Depend on others.

D．Provide nutrients.

B　[词义猜测题。根据第四段尾句“Well，the stump was nourished by its neighbors with nutrients from the root system，and had been for at least 400 years！”可知，树桩是由它的邻居从根处给予营养来滋养的；结合第五段第一句“Why do trees do such a thing？”和第五段的内容可知，该处表示“为什么树木要互相帮助？”，故画线短语是指提供帮助，故B项正确。]

8．Where does this text most probably come from?

A．A public lecture.

B．A science book.

C．An experiment report.

D．A travel journal.

B　[文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了树的智慧。据此可推知，本文最可能选自科学书籍，故B项正确。]

Ⅱ.阅读七选五

(2019·贵阳市普通高中第一学期监测)Sleeping well is important to your physical and mental health.However，you might not be able to control the factors that affect your sleep.Here are some habits you can adopt to encourage better sleep.

Stick to a sleep schedule.__1__.The recommended amount of sleep for a healthy adult is at least seven hours.Most people don't need more than eight hours in bed to achieve this goal.

Pay attention to what you eat.Don't go to bed hungry or full.In particular，avoid heavy or large meals within a couple of hours of bedtime.__2__.

__3__.Create a room that's ideal for sleeping.Often，this means cool，dark and quiet.__4__.Avoid long use of screens just before bedtime.Consider using room­ darkening shades，earplugs，a fan or other devices to create an environment that suits your needs.Doing calming activities before bedtime，such as taking a bath or using relaxation techniques，might promote better sleep.

Include physical activity in your daily routine.Regular physical activity can promote better sleep.__5__.Spending time outside every day might be helpful，too.

A．Work out a good plan

B．Stick to a balanced diet

C．Create a restful environment

D．Your discomfort might keep you up

E．Set aside no more than eight hours for sleep

F．Avoid being active too close to bedtime，however

G．Exposure to light might make it more challenging to fall asleep

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了保证良好睡眠的几个好习惯。

1．E　[根据下文“The recommended amount of sleep for a healthy adult is at least seven hours.”可推知，此处表示所需要的睡眠时间，与选项E呼应，故选E项。]

2．D　[根据上文可知，要避免睡前吃得过饱或饿着肚子，或是睡前几个小时吃油腻的食物或大餐，这会让人不舒服，自然就睡不好了，与选项D呼应，故选D项。]

3．C　[根据空处所在位置可知，空处为主题句；根据该段内容可知，该段介绍了营造舒适的睡眠环境的重要性，故选C项。]

4．G　[根据空前一句“Often，this means cool，dark and quiet”可推知，在灯亮着的情况下是不利于睡眠的，故选G项。]

5．F　[与上文“Regular physical activity can promote better sleep”形成呼应可推知，此处表示睡前太活跃反而不利于睡眠，故选F项。]

Ⅲ.语法填空

(2019·长春市质量监测一)It used to be common to see US teenagers busy at fast­food restaurants cooking burgers and 1.________(clean) tables，especially during the summer vacation.2.________， the scene is becoming less common.

Instead of finding summer jobs，many US teenagers are spending 3.________ (they) free time taking classes.According to The Atlantic，this change partly results 4.________the low teen earnings paying little toward the costs of college.For many students who are going to attend college，the money from summer jobs doesn't live up to their 5.________(expect) at all.Meanwhile，US teenagers' increasing interest in education 6.________(account) for this as well.They go to summer school to learn 7.________they might not have time for after they leave school，which 8.________ (consider) as a wise choice.

Despite this，a summer job is still believed to benefit teenagers.Early work experience is 9.________human activity that develops people's social skills.When kids are working，they gradually gain 10._______(practice) knowledge and understanding of the labor market.

【语篇解读】　这是一篇说明文，主要叙述了美国青少年暑期生活的变化。

1．cleaning　[考查非谓语动词。根据空前的并列连词and可知，空处与前面的cooking并列作be busy(in) doing sth.结构的宾语。]

2．However　[考查副词。由上文中的“It used to be common”以及空后的“the scene is becoming less common”可知，此处前后句构成转折关系，故用However。]

3．their　[考查代词。根据语境可知，空处修饰名词free time，故应用they的形容词性物主代词their在句中作定语，表示“他们的”。]

4．from　[考查固定搭配。这种变化部分是由青少年得到的薪水很低而难以支付大学的费用造成的。result from“(由……而)造成”为固定搭配。]

5．expectations　[考查词形转换和名词的单复数。根据语境及空前的“their”可知，空处应用expect的名词复数形式，表示“他们的那些期望”。]

6．accounts　[考查时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，文章叙述的是一般的情况，且主语是US teenagers' increasing interest，因此谓语动词用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式accounts。]

7．what　[考查连接词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，作动词learn的宾语，指物，因此填what。]

8．is considered　[考查时态和语态。根据语境可知，文章叙述的是一般情况，应用一般现在时，此处表示“这被认为是一个明智的选择”，应用被动语态，故用一般现在时的被动语态。]

9．a　[考查冠词。根据空前的“is”和空后的“human activity”可知，此处表示泛指“一项人类活动”，且human的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。]

10．practical　[考查形容词。修饰名词应用形容词，故用practical“实用的”。]

Ⅳ.短文改错

Dear Bob，

I'm sorry to tell you that I cannot go to the bookstore with you on this Sunday，because something unlucky happened to me in the PE class yesterday.

I was playing basketball with my friends while I jumped highly to catch the ball.Another student struck me on a leg accidentally，that made me break my leg.The situation made everyone nervous.However，I was sent to the nearest hospital as soon as possible.The doctor suggested that I rested until next Friday.I hope the change will not cause you too much troubles.

Shall I go next Saturday morning？We can set out early so that we'll have more time read and select books.

Yours，

Li Hua

【答案】

Dear Bob，

I'm sorry to tell you that I cannot go to the bookstore with you on this Sunday，because something unlucky happened to me in the PE class yesterday.

I was playing basketball with my friends  I jumped  to catch the ball.Another student struck me on  leg accidentally， made me break my leg.The situation made everyone nervous. ，I was sent to the nearest hospital as soon as possible.The doctor suggested that I  until next Friday.I hope the change will not cause you too much .

Shall  go next Saturday morning？We can set out early so that we'll have more time  read and select books.

Yours，

Li Hua