2021版高考英语（译林版）一轮复习学案选修10units3－4protectingourselves&lawandorder



三言
两语
1.No sooner had we arrived at the activity center when/than we signed up to participate in the Walking Contest.
2．It is high time that both children and parents took/ should take action to make some changes.
3．Everything in my childhood crowded upon my mind as if they had just happened.
1.要记住还有很多不如你们幸运的人。
Remember there are many people less_fortunate than yourselves.
2．所有这一切很清楚地表明，必须采取措施防止这种致命的疾病的发生。
All of this makes_it_clear_that something must be done to stop this deadly disease.

[单词　拼写应用]
核心单词
1．slide n．降低，衰退；滑动 vi.& vt.降低，衰退；(使)滑行，滑动
2．trap vt.使陷入困境；使陷入圈套；夹住，卡住 n．陷阱，圈套；困境
3．wipe vt.抹去；擦拭
4．theoretical adj.理论的；理论上存在的
5．involve vt.使成为必要；牵涉；(使)参加
6．download vt.下载 n．已下载的数据资料
7．suspect n．嫌疑犯，可疑对象 vt.怀疑(某人有罪)；怀疑(某事属实或可能发生，尤指坏事)
8．offensive adj.冒犯的，极其讨厌的；攻击性的
9．request vt.& n．要求，请求
10．considerate adj.体贴的，为他人着想的
11．import vt.进口，输入，引进 n．进口，输入；进口产品
12．jog vi.慢跑
[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空
1．Several girls were trapped(trap) between floors because the lift broke suddenly.Luckily，they called for help and were soon rescued.
2．She suspected(suspect) that one of her three daughters—then ten，eight，and six—had picked it up，but the girls said they hadn't.
3．She left the light on in the bathroom at his request(request)．
4．My husband who is three years senior to me，is very considerate(consider) and always places me in the first place.
5．The boss kicked him out for an offensive(offend) remark，so he thought it was unfair to him.
6．The country exports coal but imports(import) wheat every year，because it can't supply much food to people there.
7．Nowadays，cycling，along with jogging(jog) and swimming，is regarded as one of the best allround forms of exercise.
拓展单词
1．bath n．沐浴；浴缸；浸，泡→bathe vt.& vi.(给……)洗澡，沐浴
2．die v．死亡→dead adj.死的，去世的→death n．死亡→deadly adj.致命的；彻底的
3．prevent vt.预防，防止→prevention n．预防，防止
4．conclude vi.& vt.(使)结束；下结论；推断→conclusion n．结论；结束
5．conscience n．良知，良心→conscious adj.有意识的，察觉到的→unconscious adj.无知觉的，昏迷的；无意识的→unconsciously adv.无知觉地；无意识地→consciously adv.有知觉地，有意识地；清醒地
6．react v．反应，回应→reaction n．生理反应，副作用；回应，反应
7．assess vt.评估；估算→assessment n．评估，估算
8．negotiate vt.& vi.商定；谈判，协商→negotiation n．谈判
9．apply v．申请；应用→applicant n．申请者→application n．应用；用途；申请
[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空
1．If an applicant would like to apply to become an assistant in our company, he/she should send us an application before December 31,2018. (apply)
2．Another World Bank report concluded that GM crops have little to offer to the challenges of worldwide poverty and hunger. However，some experts noted that there were limitations to their conclusions. (conclude)
3．She found a poor man lying unconscious(conscious) on the floor when she opened her door. She said it was conscience made her call 120，saving his life. (conscious)
4．These days，after the death of her parents，she becomes one of those people who are in need of deadly help. (die)
5．A schoolgirl saved her father's life by kicking him in the chest after he suffered a serious allergic reaction which stopped his heart. The doctor said that his father is likely to react to some special smell. (react)
6．Because of lack of water in that country，people there have few chances to have a bath.Seniors，on average，bathe less than twice a month. (bath)
7．They agreed to try to settle their dispute by negotiation.It is not clear whether the president himself is willing to negotiate with the common people. (negotiate)
阅读单词
1．breast n．(女子的)乳房；胸部
2．abortion n．堕胎；(计划等)中止
3．agenda n．工作计划表；议事日程
4．capsule n．胶囊；太空舱
5．intellectual property n．知识财产
6．hatred n．仇恨
7．database n．(计算机)数据库
8．visa n．签证
9．cooperation n．合作
10．draft vt.起草，草拟；选派，抽调 n．草稿；草案；草图
11．cafeteria n．(学校的)食堂；自助餐厅
12．lame adj.站不住脚的，无说服力的；跛的，瘸的
13．suspension n．暂令停学；暂停，延期
14．authentic adj.真品的，正宗的；真实的；逼真的
15．compensate vt. & vi.补偿，弥补；给(某人)赔偿

1．(2019·天津卷)She calculated that going to a stranger's house was a risky move，but she decided to take the chance.估计，预测
2．(2019·天津卷)I read that people are more divided than ever，but that's not how the people I encounter tend to act.理解，了解；孤立

[短语　多维应用]
高
频
短
语
1.burst_on_the_scene 突然出现
2．wipe_away 消除，去除
3．over_again 再，重新
4．contrary_to 与……相反
5．a_guilty_conscience 内疚，问心有愧
[语境运用]　选用左边短语的适当形式填空
My mother suffers severe arthritis(关节炎). She has to take some pills to ①wipe_away the pain. The doctor advised her to rest.②Contrary_to the doctor's instructions，she went back to work. With her illness getting worse and worse，she couldn't stand up at last. I really wish that a top doctor would ③burst_on_the_scene one day and help my mother stand up ④over_again.
6.put_into_effect 使生效，实施
7．join_forces (与……)合作；联合
8．turn_down 调低(音量)，拒绝
9．lose_sb.to... 因……而失去某人
10．be_faced_with 面临
[语境运用]　选用左边短语的适当形式填空
Yong Hui，a restaurant boss，was upset for ⑤losing many customers to an unbalanced diet. If she didn't do something，her restaurant would ⑥be_faced_with closing down. However，her opponent—Wang Peng's business was prospering for providing a balanced diet. At last，he persuaded Yong Hui to ⑦join_forces with him. When the plan was ⑧put_into_effect，they did excellent business; everything went on wheels.
[句式　结构仿写]
教材原句背诵
句式仿写应用
1.so...that引导的结果状语从句
Eventually, the body's immune system becomes so weak that the person often becomes very ill from usually mild sicknesses.
(2019·北京卷·写作佳句)我们都太激动了以至于迫不急待地想去那里。
All of us were so excited that we couldn't wait to go there.
2.it为形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的从句
It is fortunate for her that she got better and is now resting at home.
(2016·浙江卷·写作佳句)提前计划某事很重要，但没有行动，我们将一事无成。
It's_important_that we plan something beforehand，but without action，we will achieve nothing.
3.句中as引导非限制性定语从句，代替主句的内容
As I said yesterday，my friends and I have been playing computer games at the Internet cafe.
(2019·全国卷Ⅱ·写作佳句)正如计划的那样，比赛将在周六上午八点在我校操场举行。
As_is_scheduled，the match will take place at 8：00 a．m.on Saturday at our school playground.

1．bid n．努力争取；招标 vi.出价；投标；试图
bid...for/on...出价……买……
bid against sb.与某人争出高价；抬价竞买
make a bid of...for/on...出价……买……

bid against each other for the old vase互相出高价竞买这个旧花瓶
bid ￡ 300 for the painting为那幅画出价300英镑
receive a bid of ￡ 500 for the table接到那张桌子500英镑的出价

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①We had hoped to get the house but another couple was bidding against us.
②He made a bid of one hundred dollars on/for the vase.
[能力提升]——一句多译
Claire出价300英镑买这个家具。
①Claire bid 300 pounds for the furniture.(bid)
②Claire made_a_bid_of 300 pounds for the furniture.(make a bid of)
2．conclude vi.&vt.(使)结束；下结论；推断
(1)to conclude (常用作插入语)最后；总之
conclude sth.with sth./by doing sth.以……结束
conclude that...推断出/断定……；决定……
(2)draw/reach/arrive at/come to/lead to a conclusion(from) (由……)得出结论
make a conclusion下结论
bring...to a conclusion使……结束
in conclusion最后；总之

conclude the discussion by thanking everyone for attending以感谢各位的出席结束讨论
conclude the chapter with a brief summary以一个简短的总结结束这一章
bring the war to a conclusion使战争结束

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①When the group discussion is nearing its end，make sure to conclude it with important points.
②New evidence might lead to the conclusion(conclude)that we are wrong.
③In conclusion she wished her comrades every success in their work.
[能力提升]——一句多译
我们得出结论：有志者事竟成。
①We__concluded that where there is a will，there is a way. (conclude)
②We_came_to_the_conclusion that where there is a will，there is a way.(conclusion)
3．reaction n．生理反应，副作用；回应，反应
(1)reaction to对……的反应
(2)react vi.反应，回应
react to...对……作出反应/回应
react with与……起化学反应
react against反对；反抗
react on/upon影响；对……起作用

a natural reaction to such bad news对这个坏消息的自然反应
have/suffer a violent reaction to the medicine对这种药物有强烈的不良反应
react to the latest news对最新消息作出反应
react with sunlight与阳光发生反应
react against his education反抗对他的教育
react on/upon the unkind people影响那些不善良的人

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2019·济南高三质检)The instructor wonders how the students react to the strength training.
②(2017·全国卷Ⅲ·阅读理解)But we all have to accept that as we get older our reactions(reaction) slow down.
[能力提升]——完成句子
①孩子们往往以违背父母的意愿来反抗他们。
Children tend to_react_against_their_parents by going against their wishes.
②铁与水和空气起化学反应而生锈。
Iron reacts_with_water_and_air to produce rust.
4．suspect n．嫌疑犯，可疑对象 vt.怀疑(某人有罪)；怀疑(某事属实或可能发生，尤指坏事)
(1)suspect that...怀疑……
suspect sb.of(doing)sth.怀疑某人(做)某事
suspect sb./sth.to be...怀疑某人/某物为……
(2)suspected adj.被怀疑的，可疑的
(3)suspicion n．怀疑，疑心
under suspicion 被怀疑

suspect the man of involvement in the bombing怀疑这位男子参与这起爆炸事件
suspect him of forgetting the purse怀疑他遗忘了钱包
suspect him to be the robber怀疑他是那位抢劫犯
several members under suspicion被怀疑的几个成员

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Suspected(suspect) of being involved in the attempted murder，she was questioned by the police.
②The boss suspected him of taking the computer away from the company.
[能力提升]——一句多译
我怀疑他是小偷。
①I suspect him to_be__the_thief.(to)
②I suspect him of__being_the_thief.(of)
③I suspect that he's_the_thief.
[名师点津]　与suspect sb.of sth.结构相同的短语还有：
①remind sb.of sth.提醒某人某事
②rob sb.of sth.抢劫某人某物
③accuse sb.of sth.控告某人某事
④inform sb.of/about sth.通知某人某事
⑤warn sb.of sth.警告某人某事
5．request vt.要求，请求 n．[C]要求，请求，需求
(1)request sth.from/of sb.向某人要求某物
request sb.(not) to do sth.要求某人做(不做)某事
request that...要求……(从句用虚拟语气)
It is/was requested that...人们要求/请求……(从句用虚拟语气)
(2)at one's request/at the request of sb.在某人的要求下
make a request for sth./that...提出请求要……(从句用虚拟语气)


requests for visas申请签证
request the police to protect the injured要求警察保护伤者
at the request of her family在她的家人的要求下

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①You are requested not to_smoke(smoke) in the restaurant.
②The kidnappers were merciless and Getty's son made repeated requests for help.
③The professor came to our school to give lectures at our request.
[能力提升]——一句多译
所有成员都要求出席这个晚会。
①All members are requested to be present at the party.
②It_is_requested_that all members be_present at the party.(it作形式主语)
[名师点津]　request 后面跟名词性从句时，从句中的谓语动词用“(should＋)do”结构。类似的动词还有propose，recommend，suggest，advise，require，order，demand等。
Mary made a request that I (should) help her with her English.
6．trap vt.使陷入困境；使陷入圈套；夹住，卡住 n．陷阱，圈套；困境
(1)trap sb.in把某人困在……中
be/feel trapped in 被困在……中；陷入……困境
trap sb.into(doing)sth.诱骗某人(做)某事
(2)set/lay a trap(for)(为……)布好陷阱；(为……)下套

be trapped in the burning building被困在着火的大楼里
be trapped into admitting taking his book被骗承认拿了他的书
set a trap for the mice in the attic在阁楼里设下了一个老鼠夹子
be caught in a trap of poverty陷入贫困的窘境

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Were you just going to trap her into making some admission?
②The firefighters managed to save a girl trapped in the big fire.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)He was trapped in a traffic jam，so he had to be patient，waiting.
(高级表达)Trapped_in_a_traffic_jam，he had to be patient，waiting.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
7．regarding prep.关于
(1)regard v．认为；注意；留意
n．尊重，敬重；注意；关心
regard...as...把……看作……
in/with regard to sb./sth.关于某人/某物
(2)regardless adv.不顾，不加理会
regardless of 不管，不顾

have nothing to say regarding the accident关于这起事故没什么好说的
regardless of the weather不管天气如何
regardless of whether there is an agreement不管是否有协议
with regard to the discussion about the problem有关这个问题的讨论
regard him as my friend把他当我朋友

[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①I regard him as one of the most famous scientists in China.
②Regardless(regard) of what happened yesterday and what may or may not happen tomorrow，the present moment is where we are.
[能力提升]——一句多译
关于贵方最近的广告，现特函查询详情。
①Regarding your recent advertisement，I am writing to request further details.(regarding)
②With_regard_to your recent advertisement，I am writing to request further details.(regard)
8．wipe away 消除，去除；(用手或布)擦净

wipe out 彻底消灭；擦净……的内部

wipe away the stain of the past消除过去的污点
wipe away her tears with a handkerchief用手绢擦净她的眼泪

[基础练习]——用适当的介、副词填空
①I wiped the dust off all the furniture，and then sat down to have a rest.
②Doctors are searching for a cure that will wipe out cancer.
③I hastily wiped up the milk I had spilled.
[能力提升]——完成句子
①请将黑板上的画擦掉。
Please wipe_off/away the drawing from the blackboard.
②只有用这种方法我们才能彻底消灭敌军。
Only in this way can_we_wipe_out the enemy troops.
9．(教材P43)It_is_fortunate_for_her_that she got better and is now resting at home.她在家休息，身体已经康复，这对她来说是幸运的。
[句型公式]　本句为“It is/was＋adj.＋that...”句型，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的从句。
常见it替代后面的从句作形式主语的句式有：
(1)It is＋adj.(clear，apparent，obvious，possible，probable，likely，certain，natural...)＋that从句(谓语动词用陈述语气)
(2)It is＋ n．(a pity，a shame，one's duty，no wonder，no surprise...)＋that从句(谓语动词用陈述语气)
(3)It is ＋v.ed(said，believed，known，estimated，announced，expected...)＋that从句(谓语动词用陈述语气)
(4)It is＋adj.(necessary，important，essential...)/v.
ed(suggested，recommended，demanded，required...)＋that从句[谓语动词用虚拟语气“(should) do”]
(5)It＋vi.(happen，occur，appear，seem...)＋that从句(谓语动词用陈述语气)
[金句推送](2019·北京卷)It is also necessary for you that you (should) bring an umbrella with you.
你随身带着雨伞也是很有必要的。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①It is reported that donating blood does good to health.
②It is important that you (should)_hand(hand) in your article before 28th，June.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)That no passengers were injured in the accident was reported.
①(高级表达)It_was_reported that no passengers were injured in the accident.(it作形式主语)
②(高级表达)What_was_reported was that no passengers were injured in the accident.(what从句)

多维训练——夯实基础
维度1——用所给词的正确形式填空
1．The sun began to rise in the sky，bathing(bathe) the beach in golden light.
2．I've come to the conclusion(conclude)that he is not the right person for the job.
3．Mary made a request that I (should)_help(help) her with her English.
4．So far scientists have_concluded(conclude) that more energy is being absorbed from the sun，throwing the earth's energy “out of balance”．
5．All members of the club are requested to_attend (attend) the annual meeting.
6．His parents' reaction (react) to the news was surprisingly calm.
7．Science has made great progress in the prevention(prevent) of many diseases.
8．I request them to_stop(stop) making such a noise.
维度2——在空白处填入一个适当的词
1．She was trapped in the burning house when the big fire broke out.
2．As is often the case with children，Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.
3．Any differences between the groups were soon smoothed away.
4．Local residents have reacted angrily to the news that a chemical factory will be built here.
5．Regardless of anyone's view on the subject，it's hard to imagine what life would be like without daily advancements in technology.
6．His father suspected him of taking the money away from the drawer.
7．He didn't believe it and even reacted strongly against me.
8．The enemy set a trap for him, but he avoided it perfectly.
维度3——查缺补漏
单句语法填空
1．Contrary to the doctor's instructions，he went back to work.
2．When we are faced with a challenge，we usually have two choices.
3．It's reported that the government will provide an additional (addition) ￡25 million to expand the service.
4．This protein could become an important target for research into the treatment and prevention (prevent) of obesity and obesity­related diseases.
5．You should know that no photos of the exhibits are to be taken without permission.
单句改错
6．The porter was weighed down by all the luggages.luggages→luggage
7．They will negotiate to some foreigners in the conference.to→with
8．Both parents and communities must be involved with the local schools.
with→in
9．It was really considerate for your brother not to play the guitar while you were preparing your lessons.for→of
10．What is said that they have invented a new type of computer.What→It
维度4——话题写作
1．补全要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)
①据报道，有些学校打算取消高三的体育课，这引起了一些学生的强烈反应。
It_is_reported that some school intend to cancel PE classes for students of senior 3，leading to some students having strong reactions.
②他们认为体育锻炼，不仅能消除学习的压力而且能让他们更健康和更有精力。
They think taking exercise can not only wipe_away their stress but also keep them healthier and more energetic.
③有些学生甚至怀疑长期困于学习中会引起一些精神问题。
Other students even suspect that being_trapped_in_learning for so long time may result in some spiritual problems.
④最后，他们真诚的请求学校不要取消体育课。
In__conclusion，they sincerely request the school not to remove the PE classes.
⑤我也认为学校在做出合理的决定之前有必要三思。
I think，it_is_necessary_that schools should think_twice before making a proper decision.
2．升级平淡句
(1)用As和which引导的非限制性从句升级1中句①
As_is_reported，some_school_intend_to_cancel_PE_classes_for _students_of_ senior_3，which_leads_to_some_students__having _strong_reactions.
(2)用not only置于句首，升级1中句②
They_think__not_only_can_taking_exercise_wipe_away_their_stress__but_also_keep_them_healthier_and_more_energetic.
3．衔接成美文(注意利用适当的过渡衔接词汇：in conclusion)
As is reported，some school intend to cancel PE classes for students of senior 3，which leads to some students having strong reactions.
They think not only can taking exercise wipe away their stress but also keep them healthier and more energetic.Other students even suspect that being trapped in learning for so long time may result in some spiritual problems.
In conclusion，they sincerely request the school not to remove the PE classes.I think，it is necessary that schools should think twice before making a proper decision.