2019年高考英语（人教版）一轮总复习教师用书：第一部分必修4Unit2　Workingtheland



　　　　　
Unit 2　Working the land


(对应学生用书第91页)
[单词　拼写应用]
Ⅰ.考纲单词——会拼写、要识记
1．struggle　　 vi.&n.　斗争；拼搏；努力
2．expand vt.&vi. 使变大；伸展
3．rid vt. 摆脱；除去
4．therefore adv. 因此；所以；因而
5．regret vt. 遗憾；惋惜
n. 遗憾；懊悔
6．focus n. 焦点；中心点
vt. 集中；聚焦
7．reduce vt. 减少；减缩
8．comment n. 评论；议论
vi.&vt. 表达意见；作出评论
9．statistic n. 数据；统计；统计数字；统计资料
10．decade n. 十年；十年期
11．battle n. 战役；战斗；较量；斗争
vt.&vi. 搏斗；奋斗
12．bacteria n. 细菌
13．nutrition n. 营养；食物
14．skim vt. 浏览；略读
15．underline vt. 画底线标出；强调
16．summary n. 总结；摘要；概要
Ⅱ.派生单词——能辨别
1．hunger n．饥饿；欲望 vt.&vi.(使)饥饿→hungry adj.饥饿的
2．disturb vt.扰乱；打扰→disturbed adj.烦恼的→disturbing adj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的
3．circulate vt.&vi.循环；流传→circulation n．循环
4．free adj.自由的→freedom n．自由；自主
5．equip vt.&vi.配备；装备→equipment n．设备(不可数)
6．export vt.&vi.输出；出口→import vt.&vi.输入；进口
7．nation n．国家；民族→national adj. 国家的；民族的→nationality n．国籍
8．occupy vt.占领；占据→occupation n．工作；职业；占领
9．confuse vt.使迷惑；使为难→confusing adj.令人迷惑的→confused adj.感到迷惑的→confusion n．迷惑
10．produce vt.生产→production n．生产；制造→producer n．生产者；制片人
11．discover vt.发现；发觉→discovery n．发现；发觉
Ⅲ.语境应用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1．Our school offers good equipment and you will be well equipped with knowledge and skills for your future job.(equip)
2．He was really confused by the confusing problem which also confused other people for a long time.(confuse)
3．The discoverer of electricity was Franklin；like many discoveries，it benefits us greatly.(discover)
4．Disturbing news came that the virus spread quickly，which made us rather disturbed．(disturb)
[拓展联想]
“因此”家庭
①so 　　　　　 conj. 因此；所以
②thus adv. 因此；于是
③consequently adv. 所以；因此
④as a result 结果；因此
加后缀 ­ment构成的名词面面观
①develop→development 发展
②argue→argument 争论
③establish→establishment 建立
④employ→employment 雇用
⑤improve→improvement 提高
[短语　多维应用]
Ⅰ.短语回顾——会默写
1．thanks_to 　　 幸亏；由于；因为
2．rid...of 使……摆脱或除去
3．in_addition 此外
4．build_up 逐渐增强；建立；开发
5．be_satisfied_with 对……感到满意
6．lead_to 导致；造成(后果)
7．focus_on 集中(注意力、精力等)于
8．keep...free_from/of 使……免受(影响、伤害等)；使……不含(有害物)
Ⅱ.语境应用(选用上述短语的适当形式填空)
1．Thanks_to these new treatments, people with high blood pressure can live a long and active life.
2．To be mentally healthy, you need to build_up good relationships with each other.
3．As is known to us，it is our activity that leads_to air pollution.
4．The farmers take measures to keep their crops free_from disease.
【导学号：65670076】
5．All of us were_satisfied_with the perfect service of the restaurant after we had dinner there.
6．We cannot really learn anything until we rid ourselves of being too proud.
[拓展联想]
表示“集中注意力”的短语
①be absorbed in　　　 ③pay attention to
②put emphasis on ④concentrate on

[句式　结构仿写]
教材原句——会背诵
句式仿写——能应用
1.if so状语从句的省略形式
If so，what did you do to grow them？
1.这个周日你有空吗？如果有，我们去野营吧。
Will you be free this Sunday？If_so，let's go camping.
2.the＋序数词＋名词＋to do sth.
In 1973，he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output.
2.她总是第一个到办公室最后一个离开，我猜这就是她那么快得到晋升的原因。
She is always the first person to_go_to_the_office_and_the_last_to_leave，which I guess is why she is promoted so quickly.
3.what is called...“所谓的……”，what引导宾语从句
Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice.
3.众所周知，我们生活在所谓的信息时代。
As is known to us，we now live in what_is_called Information Age.
4.would rather(not)do sth.宁愿(不)做某事
He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.
4.现在越来越多的人宁愿不住在大城市里。
Nowadays more and more people would_rather_not_live_in_big_cities.


(对应学生用书第92页)
精讲5个考纲单词
struggle vi. & n．斗争；拼搏；努力；挣扎
[经典例句]　He struggled against cancer for two years.
他同癌症抗争了两年。
(1)struggle for　　　　　　　为……而斗争
struggle with/against sb./sth. 与……作斗争
struggle to do sth. 努力做某事
struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来
(2)with a struggle 费劲地
①Workers are struggling for a clean canteen and healthy food.
工人们正为干净的食堂和健康的食物而斗争。
②We have to struggle against all kinds of difficulties from home and abroad.
我们必须和来自国内外的各种各样的困难作斗争。
③She never gave up and struggled to_lead(lead) an active life.
她从来没有放弃，努力过着一种积极的生活。
equip vt.&vi.装备；配备
[高考佳句]　It is often said that human beings are equipped to speak.(全国卷Ⅱ)
人们常说，人类天生具有说话的能力。
(1)equip...with...　用……装备
be equipped with 配备着……
equip...for sth./to do sth. 为了……而装备
(2)equipment n. 装备；设备(不可数名词)
a piece of equipment 一件装备
①Having equipped himself with necessary knowledge and skills，the young man went to the job market with much confidence.具备了必要的知识和技能后，这个年轻人满怀信心地去了就业市场。
②Your training will equip you for your future job.
你的训练将使得你能够胜任将来的工作。
③My mother bought a useful piece of equipment(equip) for the kitchen yesterday.
昨天，我的妈妈买了一件有用的厨房设备。
[句式升级] 链接写作
因为掌握了科学的农耕新方法，现在，他们可以占用更少的农田进行耕种。
①(普通表达)They are_equipped_with new scientific farming methods, so they have been able to use less farmland than in the past.
②(高级表达)Equipped_with_new_scientific_farming_methods，they have been able to use less farmland than in the past.(过去分词作状语)
confuse vt.使迷惑；使为难；使混乱；混淆
[教材原句]　It is important to explain this again or we will confuse the students.把这个再解释一遍很重要，否则我们将会使学生感到迷惑。
(1)confuse...with/and...　混淆；辨别不清
be confused by 被……弄混；糊涂
(2)confused adj. 困惑的；烦恼的
confusing adj. 令人费解的；使人困惑的
(3)confusion n. 困惑
in confusion 处于混乱状态
①I always confuse John with his brother；they are so much alike.
我总是分不清约翰和他的哥哥，他们长得太像了。
②I would often get confused(confuse)when I came across new words with a similar spelling.
当遇到拼写相似的生词时，我常常感到困惑。
③There was a confused look on his face when he met with a confusing problem.(confuse)
当他遇到令人费解的问题时他脸上有困惑的表情。
[名师点津]　confusing 表示事物让人困惑的；而confused 表示人受到事物的影响而感到困惑，主语是人。当修饰一个人和表情(look，expression)及声音(voice)时，一般用confused。


regret v．可惜；后悔；遗憾；惋惜
n．遗憾；懊悔
[高考佳句]　If we fail to do so，we'll live to regret it.(2015年全国卷Ⅰ)
如果我们不这样做，我们将遗憾终生。
(1)regret　后悔做了某事
regret to say/tell/inform...that...
遗憾地说(告知)……
regret that... 遗憾……
(2)with great/deep regret 很遗憾
to one's regret 让某人感到遗憾的是
①Jerry did not regret giving/having_given(given) the comment but felt that he could have expressed it differently.杰里不后悔给出评论，但是觉得自己本来可以用不同的方式来表达的。
②I regret to_tell (tell) you that I can't travel to Beijing together with you at the appointed time.
我很遗憾地告诉你我不能在约定的时间和你去北京了。
链接写作
事实上，约翰后悔没参加上周的讲座。
①In fact，John regretted_not_having_attended last week's lecture.(regret having done)
②As a matter of fact，John regretted_that_he_hadn't_attended last week's lecture.(regret that)
focus vt. 集中；聚集 n．焦点；中心点
[经典例句]　It shows a common phenomenon nowadays that children are the focus of families，shouldering the hope of their parents.
这表明当今社会的一个普遍现象：孩子是家庭的中心，承载着父母的希望。
(1)focus on　　集中于……
focus one's attention/eyes/energy on
集中注意力/目光/精力于……
(2)the focus of attention/concern
注意力/关注的焦点
①Most of us are more focused on our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.(2016年全国卷Ⅱ)我们大部分人早晨对任务的注意力要比晚些时候的注意力更集中。
②With so many people focusing(focus) their eyes on him，he felt very nervous.
有那么多人在盯着自己，他感到很紧张。
链接写作
如果我们发现那些材料有趣，我们的注意力就会长时间集中在它们身上。
①If we find those materials interesting，we will focus_our_attention_on them for long.
②If we find those materials interesting，we will concentrate_our_attention_on them for a long time.
诠释2个核心短语
build up 逐渐增强；增强……的体质；建立；创办；开发；聚集；积累
[一词多义]　写出下列句中build up的含义
①To learn a language well you must build up a useful vocabulary.积累
②His confidence built up gradually as he gained more and more experience in teaching.逐渐增强
③We should take part in sports and outdoor activities, which are really helpful to build up our body and enrich our school life.增强……的体质
④Therefore，let's take the responsibility to build up a low­carbon city by riding bicycles.建立；创办
pick up　捡起；(无意中)学会；接收；搭载
take up 拿起；开始；从事
make up 虚构；弥补；组成
show up 出现；露面
bring up 抚养；教养
break up 分裂；打碎
⑤It didn't take me long to pick up the basic knowledge of the language.
我没花费多长时间就学会了这门语言的基础知识。

lead to导致；造成(后果)；通向……
[经典例句]　As the old saying goes：“All roads lead to Rome.”
众所周知，条条大路通罗马。
lead sb.to do sth.　使某人做某事
lead/live a ... life 过……样的生活
lead the way 引路；带路
①The discovery of new evidence led to the thief's being_caught．新证据的发现使得小偷被抓住。
②In class I will divide the students into small groups and lead them to_practice (practice) speaking English in an interesting way.在课堂上我会把学生分成小组，并用有趣的方法让他们练习说英语。
链接写作
【导学号：65670071】
事实上，他的粗心导致了他考试失败。
①As_a_matter_of_fact，his_carelessness_led_to_his_failure_in_the_exam.(lead to)
②Actually，his_carelessness_resulted_in_his_failure_in_the_exam.(result in)
③In_fact，his_carelessness_contributed_to_his_failure_in_the_exam.(contribute to)

突破2个高考句型
(教材P9)If_so，what did you do to grow them？如果是这样的话，你怎样来种植它们(植物)?
if so“如果是这样的话”，是 if 引导的条件状语从句的省略形式，表示肯定意义；如果表示否定意义，则用 if not。
if 构成的其他省略形式：
if ever　 如果有过/发生过的话
if any 如果有的话
if possible 如果有可能
if necessary 如果有必要
①Do you agree that I will put our visit to Yunnan off？If so，write back to tell me about it as soon as possible.赞同我推迟我们去云南的旅行吗？如果赞同，请尽快写信告诉我。
②I think there's a train at midday. If_not,_you'll have to wait till 12：30.我想正午会有一班火车。要是没有，你只能等到12点半了。
③If_possible,_try to go to bed and wake up at the same time every day.
如果可能的话，尝试每天都在同一时间睡觉和起床。

(教材P10)He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.
他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上。
would rather(not) do sth.意为“宁愿(不)做……”。

①Jane is a quiet girl, who would rather stay in the library than go (go) to see a movie.
→Jane is a quiet girl, who prefers to_stay (stay) in the library rather than go to see a movie.简是一个文静的女孩，她宁愿待在图书馆也不愿去看电影。
②I would rather go to work after my graduation，but my father would rather I went abroad for further education.(go)我宁愿毕业以后去工作，但是我父亲宁愿我出国深造。
链接写作
为了过低碳生活，一些人宁愿坐公交也不愿开车去上班。
①To_live_a_low­carbon_life，some people would rather take_the_bus_than_drive_a_car_to_work．
②In order to live a low­carbon life，some people would_take_the_bus_rather_than_drive_a_car to work.
③Some people prefer_to_take_the_bus_rather_than_drive a car to work so_that they can live a low­carbon life.
[多角快练]——练单词 练短语 练句型————————
(对应学生用书第95页)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．It's disturbing (disturb) that I can't get along well with my new neighbour.
2．The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle to_be_heard (hear)．
3．The government calls on the public to go to work by bicycle instead of by car to_reduce(reduce)air pollution.
4．With all his attention focused(focus) on his experiment，he has no time to spend with his family.
5．To my satisfaction(satisfy)，he succeeded in finishing the work ahead of schedule.
6．I'd appreciate it if you can make helpful comments on/about my work.
【导学号：65670078】
7．His recent discoveries(discovery)have added to his reputation in the field of science.
8．It's said that she's build up a very successful business.
9．Besides building my body and enriching my knowledge，they also free me from the heavy work of study.
10．Being_brought(bring) up in the countryside made Mr Wilson very hard­working when he was very young.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．In addition, they spend money on fishing equipments，fuel and boat repairs.equipments→equipment
2．Now the young man regrets waste so much time when he was at school.waste→wasting
3．Each room in this hotel equipped with an air conditioner for the customer's convenience.equipped前加is
4．This has led scientists to thinking out other solutions to the problem.thinking→think
5．We should take measures to improve that is called the quality of living.that→what

(对应学生用书第96页)
Ⅰ.教材与语法填空
根据P10课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yuan Longping，one of China's most famous scientists and the Father of Super Hybrid Rice，has made great 1.________(achieve) in agriculture both at home and abroad.In 1953 2.________Yuan Longping graduated from college，hunger was a 3.________(disturb) problem in many parts of the countryside.To solve the problem，Yuan Longping 4.________(struggle) to find a new way to improve harvests without 5.________(expand) the area of the fields.Through many years of hard work，Yuan Longping developed what 6.________(call) “super hybrid rice” in 1973.He became the first agricultural pioneer in the world 7.________(grow) rice that has a high output.He has also circulated his knowledge to some other countries.Thanks to his research，the UN has 8.________(many) tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.Yuan Longping is satisfied with his life 9.________ he would like to have more freedom to do his research. Although he is famous，he wants to lead 10.________ simple life and has a dream to export his rice so that it can be grown around the world.
【答案】　1.achievements　2.when　3.disturbing　4.struggled　5.expanding　6.was called　7.to grow　8.more　9.but　10.a
【导学号：65670079】
Ⅱ.写作改错双练
根据提示利用本单元所学知识完成下面的小作文，并改正学生习作。
1．中国的农民曾经过着很艰苦的生活，并一直受饥饿的困扰。(lead a．..life；be disturbed by)
2．几十年来，他们努力寻找能够提高粮食产量的方法，但收效甚微。(struggle)
3．多亏了袁隆平研究的杂交水稻，农民们的收成比以前多了一倍。这意味着世界上22%的人口摆脱了饥饿。(thanks to; twice as...as...；get rid of)
4．大多数农民都很满意现在的生活，宁愿待在农村当农民。(be satisfied with；would rather)
第一步　练写作
用适当的连接词将上述句子连成一篇短文。
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第二步　练改错
下面是李明针对本文的习作，其中有5处语法错误，请你帮他纠正过来。
Farmers in China used to lead a hard life and were always disturbing by hunger.
For decades，they struggled to search for ways to increase the grain output，and without success.
Thanks to Yuan Longping's research on the hybrid rice，farmers are producing harvests twice as larger as before, which mean 22% of the world's people have got rid of hunger.Most the farmers say they are now quite satisfied with their lives and would rather be farmers in the countryside.
【答案】　Farmers in China used to lead a hard life and were always by hunger.
For decades，they struggled to search for ways to increase the grain output， without success.
Thanks to Yuan Longping's research on the hybrid rice，farmers are producing harvests twice as as before, which 22% of the world's people have got rid of hunger.Most the farmers say they are now quite satisfied with their lives and would rather be farmers in the countryside.