2019年高考英语（人教版）一轮总复习教师用书：第一部分选修8Unit5　Meetingyourancestors



Unit 5　Meeting your ancestors


(对应学生用书第216页)
[单词　拼写应用]
Ⅰ.考纲单词——会拼写、要识记
1．alternative 　 n．可能的选择
adj. 供选择的；其他的
2．interrupt vt.&vi. 打断……讲话；打岔；
暂时中断或中止
3．regardless adv. 不管；不顾
4．somehow adv. 以……方式；不知怎么地
5．delete vt. 删；删除
6．accelerate vi.& vt. 加速；促进
7．arrest vt. 逮捕；吸引
n. 逮捕；拘留
8．dizzy adj. 眩晕的；头晕目眩的；
使人发晕或困惑的
9．acute adj. 有观察力的；敏锐的；严重的；深刻的
10．ample adj. 足够的；充足的；富裕的
11．primitive adj. 原始的；远古的；简陋的
12．analysis n. 分析
13．spit vt. 吐出(唾液、食物等)
vi. 吐痰
14．scratch n. (刮、抓、划的)痕迹；搔；挠
vt. 擦伤；刮坏
15．howl vt.&vi. 嗥叫；叫喊；吼叫
n. 长嚎；嗥叫
Ⅱ.派生单词——能辨别
1．starve vi.挨饿；饿死→starvation n．挨饿；饿死
2．accuracy n．精确；准确→accurate adj.准确的；精确的
3．assume vt.假定；设想→assuming conj.假设→assumption n．假设；设想
4．sharp adj.锋利的；尖锐的→sharpen vi.&vt.(使)锋利；尖锐；清晰→sharpener n．磨具；削具
5．mess n．凌乱；脏→messy adj.凌乱的；脏的
6．ripe adj.成熟的；熟的→ripen vt.&vi.使……成熟；成熟
7．significance n．意义；意思；重要性；重要意义→significant adj.重要的
8．divide v．分割；划分；分配→division n．分割；划分；分配；分界线
9．applaud vi.&vt.鼓掌欢迎；赞赏→applause n．鼓掌
10．skill n．技能；技巧→skilful adj.有技巧的；熟练的
Ⅲ.语境应用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1．We have every reason to believe her report to be accurate，because she is always paying attention to accuracy of her work. (accuracy)
2．The kids made a mess in the bathroom, so their parents forced them to clean the messy bathroom quickly. (mess)
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3．The authorities attached much significance to the local environment, which was significant to the healthy development of the town. (significance)
4．To be a skillful worker, you need to acquire some basic skills．(skill)
[拓展联想]
分词用作介词或连词小结
①considering 鉴于；考虑到
②including 包含；包括
③supposing 假设；假如
④provided/providing 假设；如果
⑤concerning 关于
⑥given 鉴于；考虑到
以“­fy”结尾的动词
①clarify 澄清；阐明　　　 ④classify 分类
②satisfy 使满意 ⑤simplify 简化
③beautify 美化
[短语　多维应用]
Ⅰ.短语回顾——会默写
1．regardless_of　　　　 不管；不顾
2．at_most 至多；最多
3．cut_up 切碎
4．fed_up_with 受够了；饱受；厌烦
5．look_ahead 向前看；为将来打算
6．date_back_(to...) 追溯到；始于
7．concentrate_on 集中
8．search_for 寻找
9．take_turns_to_do_sth. 轮流做某事
10．can't/couldn't_help_doing_sth.
禁不住做某事
Ⅱ.语境应用(选用上述短语的适当形式填空)
1．The little boy is required to play computer games for at_most 2 hours a day.
2．Whenever we are in trouble, we must look_ahead and encourage ourselves.
3．There was only one piece of candy, so she cut it up into little pieces and gave them to the children.
4．In the end，I just got/was_fed_up_with his constant complaining.
5．The history of this country can date_back_to the Stone Age.
6．He continued speaking, regardless_of my feelings about the matter.
[拓展联想]
无被动语态的动词短语聚焦
①belong to属于　　　　　 ④take place发生
②consist of由……组成 ⑤break out爆发
③come true变成现实

[句式　结构仿写]
教材原句——会背诵
句式仿写——能应用
1.as 引导定语从句
Yes，indeed，as the botanical analyses have shown us，all the fields around here used to be part of a large shallow lake.
1.正如古训所说“人不可貌相，海水不可斗量”。
“You can't judge a book by its cover，”as_the_old_saying_goes.
2.if only...要是……就好了
If only she had looked ahead and planned better this year！
2.今年春节全家能团圆就好了！
If_only_the_whole_family_could_be_united during the Spring Festival this year！
3.only to do表出乎意料的结果
Abruptly she sat down，only to be scooped up by her laughing，shouting sister，Luna.
3.他匆匆忙忙地赶往剧院，结果被告知票已卖完。
He hurried to the theatre，only_to_be_told that the tickets had been sold out.
4.had done sth. ...when...刚刚……这时……
She had almost reached her destination when a delicious smell arrested her progress and she stopped.
4.他刚走进教室，这时铃声响了。
He had_just_entered the classroom when_the_bell_rang.


(对应学生用书第217页)
精讲4个考纲单词
alternative adj.供选择的；其他的
n．可能的选择；选择对象
[经典例句]　We should make better use of alternative energy，such as solar and wind power.
我们应该更好地利用可代替能源，比如太阳能和风能。
(1)have no alternative but to do sth.
　　　　　　　 别无选择只好做某事
an alternative to... ……的替代品
(2)alternatively adv. 可供选择地
We have no alternative but to save energy to protect our environment.
我们别无他法，只有节约能源才能保护环境。
链接写作
为了取得更大的进步，我们不得不充分利用好业余时间。(2015年重庆高考)
In order to make more progress, we

interrupt vt.&vi.打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止
[经典佳句]　You shouldn't have interrupted the meeting to tell me that，you could have come to tell me afterwards.你不该打断会议来告诉我那件事，你本可以会后告诉我。
(1)interrupt sb./sth.(with sth.)
　　　　　　　　(因某事)打断某人/某事
(2)interruption n. 打扰，插嘴，打岔；阻断物
without interruption 连续地，不断地
①It's bad manners to interrupt others when they are talking.打断别人的讲话是非常不礼貌的。
②There was a knock at the door. It was the second time someone had_interrupted(interrupt) me that evening.
有人敲门，那是那天晚上第二次有人打扰我了。
③After the interruption (interrupt), we picked up where we had left off.
被打断以后，我们又从原先停顿的地方继续下去。
assume vt.假定；设想
[教材原句]　So we think it is reasonable to assume they lived in these caves, regardless of the cold.
因此，我们有理由认为他们不顾严寒，就住在这些洞穴里。
(1)assume sb./sth.to be　假定/假设某人/某事为
It is assumed that... 一般认为……
(2)assumption n. 假定；假设
make an assumption 认为；假定
(3)assuming(that)．.. 假设/假定……
①It is assumed that global warming and climate change could cause even more disasters in the future.一般认为全球变暖和气候改变在将来会引起更多的灾难。
②Assuming (assume) that you are chosen to be a volunteer at Beijing Winter Olympic Games, what will you do?
假设你被选为北京冬奥会的志愿者，你会做什么？
③A lot of people make the assumption (assume) that poverty only exists in the third world.
许多人认为贫困仅仅存在于第三世界。
significance n．意义；意思；重要性；重要意义
[经典佳句]　The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying，the more benefits we will get in our daily life.我们越多地了解这句名言的意义，我们在日常生活中就会获益越多。
(1)be of significance to...　对……有重要意义
attach significance to... 认为……重要
(2)significant adj. 重要的；明显的
It is significant that 很明显(从句用虚拟语气)
①As time going by, I attach more great significance to doing what I am doing now.
随着时间的推移，我更加重视我现在所做的了。
②It is significant(significance) that nowadays fiber is still considered to be an important part of a healthy diet.很明显，今天纤维仍然被认为是健康饮食的一个重要部分。
[联想发散]　常见“be＋of＋抽象名词”的短语有：
①be of significance＝be significant
②be of importance＝be important
③be of value＝be valuable
④be of help＝be helpful
⑤be of use＝be useful
链接写作
我认为，练习书法对学生的成长有重要意义。
①(普通表达)In my view，practicing handwriting is very_important to the students' growth.
②(高级表达)From my point of view，practicing handwriting is of_great_significance to the students' growth.

arrest vt.逮捕；吸引n.逮捕；拘留
[教材原句]　She had almost reached her destination when a delicious smell arrested her progress and she stopped.
快到目的地的时候，一阵香气扑鼻，她停了下来。
(1)arrest sb.for　　　　因……而逮捕某人
get arrested 遭逮捕
arrest one's attention 引起某人的注意
(2)under arrest 被捕
①The young man got arrested for causing that serious accident.
因造成严重事故，这个年轻人被逮捕了。
②The beautiful sunset arrested_our_attention，and we stopped to watch it.
美丽的落日吸引了我们的注意力，我们停下来观看。

诠释2个核心短语
regardless of 不管；不顾
[经典例句]　Our club is open to everyone regardless of age，sex or educational background.我们的俱乐部对任何人都开放，不管年龄、性别或教育背景。
(1)regardless of强调“不认为……重要”，从而不加以重视或考虑，其后可接whether，what引导的从句。
(2)despite/in spite of意为“尽管……”，其后一般不接从句。
①You will hurt others if you say what you think，regardless of other people's feelings.
如果你想到什么就说什么，毫不考虑别人的情感，你就会伤害他人。
②Regardless_of what happened yesterday and what may or may not happen tomorrow, the present moment is where we are.
不管昨天发生了什么，也不管明天可能发生或者不会发生什么，现在才是我们关注的所在。
③In_spite_of/Despite her terrible illness, she works hard and succeeds in the scientific research field.
尽管她病得厉害，但是她还是勤奋工作并在科研领域取得了成功。
date back(to...)追溯(到……)
[经典例句]　According to the expert，the temple has a history dating back to the early Tang Dynasty.
那个专家说这座寺庙的历史可追溯到初唐时期。
(1)date back to＝date from追溯到……
(2)out of date 过时的，陈旧的
up to date 最近的，新式的，现代的
①This temple dates_back_to/dates_from more than two thousand years ago.
这座寺庙追溯到两千年前。
②The reason why I couldn't reach him was that his smart phone was out_of_order．
我联系不上他的原因是他的手机出故障了。
[名师点津]　date back to和date from一般不用于进行时态。作后置定语时，常用现在分词形式。
链接写作
这个节日，追溯到明代，是为了庆祝秋天的收获，每年在十一月份举行。
①(普通表达)The festival is held in November every year.It dates_back_to the Ming Dynasty to celebrate the harvest in autumn.
②(高级表达)The festival，which_dates_back_to the Ming Dynasty to celebrate the harvest in autumn，is_held_in_November_every_year．(定语从句)
③(高级表达)The festival dating_back_to_the Ming Dynasty to celebrate the harvest in autumn，is held in November every year.(分词作定语)

突破2个高考句型
(教材P43)If_only it could be just like last year!
要是能像去年那样该多好呀！
此句用了虚拟语气。if only...意为“要是……就好了”。
(1)if only...could/would/might do...表示对与将来事实相反的愿望(不用should)；
(2)if only...did...表示对与现在事实相反的愿望；
(3)if only...had done...表示对与过去事实相反的愿望。
①If only I could stay in Spain as an exchange student!
要是我能待在西班牙作一名交换生就好了。
②If only I had more time to think about this suggestion.
我要是有更多的时间去考虑这个建议就好了。
③Look at the trouble I am in.If only I had_followed(follow) his advice!
看看我所处的困境，要是我接受他的建议就好了！
[名师点津]　only if只有……，引导条件状语从句，并且从句位于句首时，主句要进行部分倒装。
④Only if we know what we do in our daily life and live a low­carbon life can_we_make a difference.
只有我们知道在日常生活中做什么并且过低碳生活，我们才能创造不同。
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(教材P43)Abruptly she sat down，only_to_be_scooped_up by her laughing，shouting sister，Luna.
突然间她坐了下去，却又被她那又笑又叫的妹妹卢娜一把搂了起来。
only to do 表示“意料之外的结果”。
(1)only to do...“不料……，反而……，结果却……”，是动词不定式作结果状语，表示意料不到的结果。
(2)现在分词短语作结果状语则表示“自然而然的结果”。
①I hurried to the post office, only to find it closed.
我匆匆地赶去邮局，却发现它已经关门了。
②He hurried to the stadium without supper，only to_be_told(tell)the football match was cancelled.
他没吃晚饭，急匆匆地到达体育馆，却被告知足球赛取消了。
③He has got married and settled in Australia，leaving(leave)his family in Hong Kong.
他结婚定居在澳洲，留下他的家人在香港。
[多角快练]——练单词 练短语 练句型——————————
(对应学生用书第219页)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The escaped prisoner got arrested (arrest) immediately he turned up at the railway station and was sent to prison again.
2．It is_assumed(assume) that stress is mainly caused by too much work.
3．Every year, a good many tourists are attracted to visit the old tower dating (date) back to the eleventh century.
4．The headmaster hurried to the concert hall，only to_be_told(tell)the speaker had gone.
5．There were so many cars held up by the heavy rain on the road that we had no alternative but to_wait(wait)．
6．I have been so busy that I have no time to clear up the place which is so messy(mess)．
7．Forest elephants，as the name suggests，live in tropical forests and have straight trunks and rounded ears.
8．For a very long time，people always have been trying to find out the significance(significant) of life.
9．She had almost reached her destination when something arrested her attention and she braked sharply.
10．We must seize this opportunity and take effective measures to_accelerate(accelerate) the growth of our economy.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Assumed that the weather is favorable，farmers will have a good harvest.Assumed→Assuming
2．I'm very sorry to interrupt with you, but I have something very important to tell you.去掉with
3．Every day a number of tourists take pictures in front of the tower，which dated back to as early as 800 years ago.
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dated→dates
4．Police have stressed that this is the most accurately description of the killer to date.accurately→accurate
5．Look ahead of，and you will see the lights of the village.去掉第一个of
6．I fed up with his laziness and carelessness at present.fed前加am

(对应学生用书第220页)
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
根据P38－39课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A group of students from England has come to the Zhoukoudian caves for a visit.1.________ archaeologist is showing them round.The archaeologists have been excavating here for many years.
After 2.________(find)human and animal bones in those caves higher up the hill as well as tools and other objects，they think it is 3.________(reason) to assume some of the earliest people lived in these caves，regardless 4.________ the cold.They also discovered fireplaces in the centre of the caves 5.________ they made fires.That would have kept them warm，cooked the food and scared wild beasts away as well.
Some evidence suggests that our ancestors did wear clothes 6.________(make)from animal skins.They even used sharpened stone tools 7.________(cut)up animals and remove their skin.The archaeologist also 8.________(show)the students a primitive necklace preserved quite well.Indeed，as the botanical analyses have 9.________(special)shown us，all the fields around here used to be part of a large shallow lake.Perhaps there was trade between early peoples or they 10.________(travel)to the seaside on their journeys.
【答案】　1.An　2.finding　3.reasonable　4.of
5．where　6.made　7.to cut　8.shows　9.specially　10.travelled
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Ⅱ.写作改错双练
根据提示利用本单元所学知识完成下面的小作文，并改正学生习作。
1．上个月我们非常有幸到周口店洞穴参观。(a great honour)
2．在这次旅行中我们知道了早期人类的生活环境。(environment)
3．我们不仅了解了他们在寒冬御寒的一些方法，还了解到他们是怎样做成兽皮衣服的。(keep the cold out)
4．从他们的项链来判断，他们的确很在乎外貌。(judging by)
5．周口店一行，让我们进一步接触了民族和文化遗产，增强了我们的民族自豪感。(heritage)
第一步　练写作
用适当的连接词将上述句子连成一篇短文。
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第二步　练改错
下面是李明针对本文的习作，其中有5处语法错误，请你帮他纠正过来。
Last month，it was an great honour for us to pay a visit the Zhoukoudian caves.During the visit，we were aware of the living environment of the earliest people.What's more，not only were we aware of some of their ways of keeping the cold out during the frozen winter，but also we knew their clothes made of animal furs.Judged by their necklaces，they cared about their appearance indeed.In a word，the visit to the Zhoukoudian caves lets us get closely to people and cultural heritage，which increases our sense of national pride.
【答案】　
Last month，it was great honour for us to pay a visit the Zhoukoudian caves.During the visit，we were aware of the living environment of the earliest people.What's more，not only were we aware of some of their ways of keeping the cold out during the winter，but also we knew their clothes made of animal furs. by their necklaces，they cared about their appearance indeed.In a word，the visit to the Zhoukoudian caves lets us get to people and cultural heritage，which increases our sense of national pride.