2019年高考英语（人教版）一轮总复习教师用书：附录　不规则动词分类速记

附录　不规则动词分类速记(对应学生用书第278页)1．AAA型动词原形过去式过去分词含义betbetbet打赌；敢说broadcastbroadcastbroadcast广播；播送bidbid/badebid/bidden出价；投标；企图获得burstburstburst爆发；发生castcastcast投；掷；扔；向……投以；投射costcostcost花费；使损失cutcutcut切；割forecastforecast/ forecastedforecast/ forecasted预报；预测hithithit打；击中；使(身体部分)碰上hurthurthurt伤害；受伤；伤人感情knitknit/ knittedknit/knitted编织letletlet让putputput放quitquit/ quittedquit/quitted停止；离任；搬离readreadread读ridridrid除去setsetset放；放置shutshutshut关闭；停止营业spitspit/spatspit/spat吐splitsplitsplit劈开；分开spreadspreadspread散布；传播sweatsweat/ sweatedsweat/sweated出汗thrustthrustthrust刺；推upsetupsetupset颠覆；扰乱；使烦恼wedwed/ weddedwed/wedded结婚；娶；嫁wetwet/ wettedwet/wetted打湿 2.AAB型动词原形过去式过去分词含义beatbeatbeaten打；击败；(心脏)跳动 3.ABA型动词原形过去式过去分词含义comecamecome来becomebecamebecome变成overcomeovercameovercome克服；解决runranrun跑；经营；行使 4.ABB型(1)在原型动词后面加字母ed或字母d或t构成过去式、过去分词动词原形过去式过去分词含义hearheardheard听见；听说；听审burnburntburnt燃烧；(使)烧毁；(使)烧焦learnlearnt/ learnedlearnt/ learned学；学到；听到dreamdreamt/ dreameddreamt/ dreamed梦想；梦；睡梦meanmeantmeant意思是；打算；意味着leanleant/ leanedleant/leaned倾斜；前俯leapleapt/ leapedleapt/leaped跳跃；跨越spoilspoilt/ spoiledspoilt/spoiled破坏；宠坏dealdealtdealt处理(2)把原型动词的最后一个辅音字母d改成t动词原形过去式过去分词含义buildbuiltbuilt建设；创建；逐渐增强rebuildrebuiltrebuilt重建lendlentlent借出；借给sendsentsent送；发射；派遣spendspentspent度过；花费bendbentbent弯腰；低头；弯曲(3)原动词中有a则改为aught，无a则改为ought动词原形过去式过去分词含义catchcaughtcaught抓；赶上teachtaughttaught教；教书buyboughtbought买bringbroughtbrought带来；拿来fightfoughtfought打架；争吵；作战seeksoughtsought寻找；寻求；试图thinkthoughtthought想 (4)把eel、ell改成elt动词原形过去式过去分词含义feelfeltfelt感觉；感到；摸起来；触kneelkneltknelt跪下smellsmeltsmelt闻到；有……气味；闻spellspeltspelt拼写(5)去掉一个e或去掉一个a或去掉一个o动词原形过去式过去分词含义feedfedfed喂养；饲养meetmetmet碰见；遇见speedspedsped加速；快速前进bleedbledbled流血breedbredbred繁殖；产生leadledled领导；引导misleadmisledmisled误导；欺骗shootshotshot射击；击中(6)改变元音字母(a或i变为u；i或e变为o；把o变为e；把i变为a)动词原形过去式过去分词含义digdugdug挖；掘hanghunghung挂；垂下spinspunspun旋转springsprungsprung弹跳；弹起stickstuckstuck粘贴；插入；将……刺入；放置stingstungstung刺激；叮咬swingswungswung摆动；突然转向shineshoneshone照耀；使发光winwonwon赢得；获胜getgotgot得到holdheldheld握；举行；抱住；持有；容纳sitsatsat坐 (7)eep变为ept动词原形过去式过去分词含义keepkeptkept保持；保留；继续sleepsleptslept睡觉oversleepoversleptoverslept睡过头creepcreptcrept爬行weepweptwept哭泣sweepsweptswept打扫(8)ay变为aid，ell变为old，and变为ood，ind变为ound动词原形过去式过去分词含义paypaidpaid付款repayrepaidrepaid偿还；报答laylaidlaid下蛋；产卵；放置saysaidsaid说sellsoldsold卖telltoldtold告诉retellretoldretold复述foretellforetoldforetold预告；预言standstoodstood站；站立understandunderstoodunderstood明白；懂得misunderstandmisunder­ stoodmisunder­stood误会；误解findfoundfound找到；发现windwoundwound卷起；缠绕(9)其他动词原形过去式过去分词含义bitebitbitten咬blessblessedblessed祝福havehadhad有leaveleftleft离开lightlit/lightedlit/lighted点燃；照亮loselostlost失去；丢失makemademade制作；制造slideslidslid滑动；快捷而悄声地移动spillspilled/spiltspilled/spilt溢出；涌出 5.ABC型(1)原形动词后＋n或en构成过去分词动词原形过去式过去分词含义taketooktaken拿；取overtakeovertookovertaken追上；超过mistakemistookmistaken误认；误解undertakeundertookundertaken承担；保证shaveshavedshaven/shaved剃须sawsawedsawn/sawed锯sowsowedsown/sowed播种shakeshookshaken摇头；摇晃seesawseen看见foreseeforesawforeseen预见eatateeaten吃fallfellfallen跌倒givegavegiven给forgiveforgaveforgiven原谅；宽恕drivedrovedriven驾驶riseroserisen升起arisearosearisen出现；发生rideroderidden骑writewrotewritten写(2)过去式＋n或en构成过去分词动词原形过去式过去分词含义breakbrokebroken打破speakspokespoken说话freezefrozefrozen结冰；凝固wakewokewoken醒weavewovewoven编织awakeawokeawoken唤醒choosechosechosen选择stealstolestolen偷forgetforgotforgotten忘记hidehidhidden躲藏forbidforbadeforbidden禁止(3)ow/aw/ew－ew/ed－own/awn/ewn型动词原形过去式过去分词含义blowblewblown吹growgrewgrown生长knowknewknown知道throwthrewthrown投；掷overthrowoverthrewoverthrown推翻；打倒drawdrewdrawn拖；拉withdrawwithdrewwithdrawn撤退sewsewedsewn/sewed缝showshowedshown展示(4)i－a－u型动词原形过去式过去分词含义beginbeganbegun开始shrinkshrank/ shrunkshrunk萎缩drinkdrankdrunk喝；饮ringrangrung打电话；按(铃)sinksanksunk下沉singsangsung唱歌swimswamswum游泳springsprang/ sprungsprung弹跳；弹起(5)ear→ore→orn动词原形过去式过去分词含义bearboreborn忍受；生育teartoretorn撕裂；撕破wearworeworn穿；戴swearsworesworn发誓(6)其他动词原形过去式过去分词含义be(am，is)wasbeen是be(are)werebeen是dodiddone做gowentgone去lielaylain躺flyflewflown飞