2020版新一线高考英语（人教版）一轮复习教学案：第1部分选修8Unit5Meetingyourancestors

Unit 5　Meeting your ancestors [单词　拼写应用]核心单词1．kindergarten  n．幼儿园 2．alternative  n．可能的选择adj.供选择的；其他的3．regardless  adv.不管；不顾4．somehow  adv.以……方式；不知怎么地5．spit   vt.吐出(唾液、食物等) vi.吐痰6．arrest  vt.逮捕；吸引  n．逮捕；拘留7．applaud  vi.& vt.鼓掌欢迎；赞赏8．interrupt  vt.& vi.打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止9．skilful  adj.有技巧的；熟练的10．album  n．相册；集邮册；唱片[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空。1．What's worse，they spat/spit (spit) and even threw rubbish into the lake，totally ignoring the noticeable sign “No Littering” nearby.2．He was_arrested (arrest) for spreading rumors on the Internet.3．The moment the famous singer finished singing，the audiences stood up and applauded (applaud) warmly.5．The new method was popular and many peasants became very skilful (skill) at it.6．The bell indicating the end of the period rang，interrupting(interrupt) our heated discussion. 拓展单词1．assume vt.假定；设想→assuming conj.假设→assumption  n．假设；设想2．sharp adj.锋利的，尖锐的→sharpen  vi.& vt.(使)锋利，尖锐；清晰→sharpener  n．磨具；削具3．mess n．凌乱，脏→messy  adj.凌乱的；脏的4．identify  vt.确认；识别；鉴别→identification  n．辨认；鉴定5．starve vi.挨饿；饿死→ starvation  n．挨饿；饿死6．analyse  vt.分析→analysis  n．分析→ (pl.) analyses  7．significance  n．意义；意思；重要性；重要意义→significant  adj.重要的8．divide v．分割，划分；分配→division  n．分割；划分；分配；分界线9．accurate adj.准确的；精确的→accurately  adv.准确地，精确地→accuracy  n．精确；准确10．botany  n．植物学→botanical  adj.植物学的；与植物学有关的[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空。1．I have been so busy that I have no time to clean the mess，so the house looks very messy．(mess)2．With the teacher's help，I analysed the data of this experiment.The teacher considered my analysis is reasonable.(analyse)3．The scientists think his invention is of great significance，because it is significant to cure the patients of deadly disease.(significant)4．While calculating the maths problem，you should pay more attention to the accuracy of the numbers，or you can't figure it out accurately．(accurate)5．The old man was starved to death.People felt pity for his starvation．(starve)6．It was first assumed that he was the murderer，but  later it turned out to be a false assumption．(assume)阅读词汇1．tentative  adj.试探性的；不确定的2．acute  adj.有观察力的；敏锐的；严重的；深刻的3．ample  adj.足够的；充足的；富裕的4．primitive  adj.原始的；远古的；简陋的5．ripen  vt.& vi.使……成熟；成熟6．radioactive  adj.放射性的；有辐射能的7．accelerate  v．加速；促进8．gay  adj.快乐的；欢快的9．category  n．种类；类别；范畴10．howl  v．嗥叫；叫喊；吼叫n．长嚎；嗥叫11．beast  n．野兽12．quilt  n．被子；棉被拓展联想1.v.­ing形式的介词小结①assuming假设；假定②considering  鉴于；考虑到③including  包含；包括④supposing  假设；假如⑤providing  假设；如果⑥concerning  关于2.表示“快乐；高兴”的形容词一览①gay快乐的；欢快的②happy  高兴的；快乐的③joyful  高兴的；快乐的④cheerful  高兴的；快乐的⑤pleased  高兴的；欢喜的⑥delighted  高兴的；欣喜的3.­cy结尾名词速记①accuracy正确，准确(度)；精确②efficiency效率；效能③emergency紧急情况④fluency流畅，流利⑤frequency屡次，频率，频繁⑥privacy隐退，隐避，隐居⑦tendency倾向，趋势熟词生义你知道下面句子中黑体词的汉语意思吗？1．To preserve natural habitats, biologists expected the government to make laws that would arrest commercial development in these areas. 阻止；遏止2．If there is no president, power will be assumed by the most extremist forces. 掌管；夺取 [短语　多维应用]高频短语1.at_most至多；最多2．be_aware_of   知道；意识到3．regardless_of  不管；不顾4．date_back_(to_...) 追溯到；始于5．keep_out 关在门外；不准入内[语境运用]　选用左边短语的适当形式填空。Last Sunday，our class visited the history museum in our city ①regardless_of the hot weather.In the museum，we saw an old stone which was said to be a scraper used by our ancestors.The stone scraper ②dates_back_to the Xia Dynasty.When we were told its use，we ③were_aware_of our ancestors' wisdom.高频短语6.cut_up切碎7．look_ahead  向前看；为将来打算8．scare...away  把……吓跑9．(be)_fed_up_with  受够了；饱受；厌烦10．with/in_relief 轻松地；如释重负地[语境运用]　选用左边短语的适当形式填空。The announcer also explained that the stone scraper could be used to ④cut_up the meat.Besides，our ancestors had learned to ⑤scare the beasts ⑥away．However，they were ⑦fed_up_with their life，so they had to ⑧look_ahead. 拓展联想1.无被动语态的动词短语聚焦①date from/back to追溯到②belong to属于③consist of  由……组成  ④come true  变成现实⑤take place  发生  ⑥break out  爆发2．“at＋名词或代词”短语荟萃①at most至多；最多②at least至少③at present  目前；现在 ④at first  起初⑤at work  在工作 ⑥at ease  自由自在地[句式　结构仿写]教材原句背诵句式仿写应用1.as 引导定语从句。Yes，indeed，as the botanical analyses have shown us，all the fields around here used to be part of a large shallow lake.常言说：“人不可貌相”。“You can't judge a book by its cover，”as_the_old_saying_goes.2.if only...要是……就好了。If only she had looked ahead and planned better this year！在上周举行的英语演讲比赛，我要是有更多的信心就好了！If_only_I_had_had more confidence in the English speech contest held last week.3.had done sth....when...刚刚……这时……。She had almost reached her destination when a delicious smell arrested her progress and she stopped.他刚到达机场这时被告知航班推迟了。He had_just_arrived_at_the_airport _when he was informed that the plane was put off.4.only to do表出乎意料的结果。Abruptly she sat down，only to be scooped up by her laughing，shouting sister，Luna.他匆匆忙忙地赶往剧院，结果被告知票已卖完。He hurried to the theatre，only_to_be_told that the tickets had been sold out. 精讲4个考纲单词1．alternative adj.供选择的；其他的 n．可能的选择；选择对象(1)单句语法填空①The Internet also provides us with a cheap alternative to communicating (communicate) with others.②It was so serious a matter that I had no alternative but to_call (call) the police.(2)[链接写作]——一句多译我们不得不勇敢地直面失败并从中吸取教训。①We have_no_alternative/choice_but_to_face_failure bravely and learn from it.(alternative/choice)②We can_do_nothing_but_face_failure bravely and learn from it.(nothing)先理解再牢记 (1)have no alternative but to do sth.别无选择只好做某事an alternative to ……的替代物(to是介词)(2)alternatively  adv.可供选择地[联想发散]　“别无选择只好做……”的其他表达形式：have no choice but to do sth.；can't do sth.but do sth.；can do nothing but do sth.。2.interrupt vt.& vi.打断……讲话；打岔；暂时中断或中止(1)单句语法填空①Being a bad­tempered man，he would not tolerate having his lectures interrupted(interrupt)．②Would you mind not interrupting with questions all the time?(2)[链接写作]——完成句子他连续几年坚持体育锻炼。She has kept up physical training for several years without_interruption．先理解再牢记 (1)interrupt sb./sth.(with sth.)(因某事)打断某人/某事(2)interruption  n．打扰，插嘴，打岔；阻断物without interruption  连续地，不断地[佳句背诵]　They were interrupted by a sudden and urgent knock at the door.3.assume vt.假定；设想(1)单句语法填空①(2018·江苏卷)It is wrong to_assume (assume) arts groups cannot make a profit.②A lot of people make the assumption(assume) that poverty only exists in the third world.(2)[链接写作]——句式升级(普通表达)If I am chosen to be a volunteer at Beijing Winter Olympic Games，I will serve the people heart and soul.(高级表达)Assuming__that_I_am_chosen_to_be_a_volunteer at Beijing Winter Olympic Games，I will serve the people heart and soul.先理解再牢记 (1)assume sb./sth.to be假定/假设某人/某事为It is assumed that...一般认为……(2)assumption    n．假定；假设make an assumption   认为；假定assuming(that)．..假设/假定……[佳句背诵]　It is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work.4.significance n．意义；意思；重要性；重要意义(1)单句语法填空/单句改错①As time goes by，I attach more great significance to doing (do) what I am doing now.②It is significance that nowadays fiber is still considered to be an important part of a healthy diet.significance→significant(2)[链接写作]——一句多译在我看来，练习写字对学生们的成长很重要。①In_my_view，practicing handwriting is very important/of great importance to the students' growth.②From_my_point_of_view，practicing handwriting is very_significant/of_great_significance to the students' growth.先理解再牢记 (1)be of significance to ...对……有重要意义attach significance to ...认为……重要(to为介词)(2)significant  adj.重要的；明显的It is significant that ...很明显……[联想发散]　常见“be＋of＋抽象名词”的短语有：①be of significance＝be significant②be of importance＝be important③be of value＝be valuable④be of help＝be helpful⑤be of use＝be useful诠释2个核心短语1．regardless of 不管；不顾(1)单句语法填空①You will hurt others if you say what you think，regardless of other people's feelings.②Despite her terrible illness，she works hard and succeeds in the scientific research field.③Dr.Bethune continued working in spite of cutting (cut) his hand during an operation.(2)[链接写作]——完成句子关于阅读，有句名言说的好，“读书使人明智”。With_regard_to_reading，there is a famous saying that reading makes a wise man.先理解再牢记 (1)regardless of不管；不顾(侧重指不计后果和代价) (2)despite＝in spite of  尽管；不管；虽然(后常 接名词，不接从句)(3)with regard to  关于；至于[佳句背诵]　(2016·江苏卷)In addition，the Internet makes surveying and voting easy and convenient，regardless of time and space.2.date back(to...)追溯(到……)(1)单句语法填空①Most Chinese people like the fairy tale of Cowboy and Weaving girl，which dates from the Han Dynasty.②Dating (date) from 1933，the South Lake Park in Changchun is located in the southwestern part of the Changchun City.(2)[链接写作]——句式升级(普通表达)The festival is held in November every year.It dates back to the Ming Dynasty to celebrate the harvest in autumn.(高级表达)The festival，dating_back_to the Ming Dynasty to celebrate the harvest in autumn，is held in November every year.(分词作定语)先理解再牢记 (1)date back to＝date from追溯到……(2)out of date  过时的，陈旧的up to date  最近的，新式的，现代的[温馨提示]　(1)date back to和date from一般无进行时态和被动语态；(2)作后置定语时，常用现在分词形式。突破2个高考句型1．(教材P43)If_only she had looked ahead and planned better this year!要是她今年早有预见，计划得更好些就好了！[要点提炼]　if only...意为“要是……就好了”。(1)单句语法填空/单句改错①Constant quarrels between my parents are driving me crazy.If only I had (have) a warm and harmonious family.②If only I could_go (go) back and reset my goals.③If only he has remembered to send that email yesterday.has→had(2)[链接写作]——完成句子我要是能生活在一个没有空气污染的世界就好了。If_only_I_could_live_in_a_world free of air pollution.先理解再牢记 (1)if only...could/would/might do...表示对与将来事实相反的愿望(不用should)；(2)if only...did...表示对与现在事实相反的愿望；(3)if only...had done...表示对与过去事实相反的愿望。[名师点津]　only if中的only仅起强调作用，意为“只要”。 另外，“only＋状语”位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。2.(教材P43)Abruptly she sat down，only_to_be_scooped_up by her laughing，shouting sister，Luna.突然间她坐了下去，却又被她那又笑又叫的妹妹卢娜一把搂了起来。[要点提炼]　only to do 表示“意料之外的结果”。(1)单句语法填空①I hurried to the post office only to_find (find) it closed.②On hearing the news，the little girl rushed out without hesitation，leaving(leave) her schoolbag lying on the floor.③The headmaster hurried to the lecture hall，only to_be_told(tell) the speaker had gone.(2)[链接写作]——完成句子他结婚定居在澳大利亚，将家人留在了香港。He has got married and settled in Australia，leaving_his_family_in_Hong_Kong．先理解再牢记 (1)only to do...“不料……，反而……，结果却……”，是动词不定式作结果状语，表示意料不到的结果。(2)现在分词短语作结果状语则表示“自然而然的结果”。[佳句背诵]　He hurried to the stadium without supper，only to be told the football match was cancelled.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．The room is so messy ( mess) for I had no time to clear it up.2．As the old saying goes，“A workman must sharpen ( sharp) his tools if he is to do his work well.”3．It is commonly assumed (assume) that the growth of GDP and the development of people's living conditions are not necessarily cause and effect.4．The more we are aware of the significance (significant) of this famous saying，the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job.5．The escaped prisoner got arrested (arrest) immediately he turned up at the railway station and was sent to prison again.6．In contrast to our ignorance of saving food，many people especially those in poverty­stricken areas are suffering from starvation (starve)．7．Every year，a good many tourists are attracted to visit the old tower dating (date) back to the eleventh century.8．She had almost reached her destination when something arrested her attention and she braked sharply.9．There were so many cars held up by the heavy rain on the road that we had no alternative but to_wait(wait)．10．Forest elephants，as the name suggests，live in tropical forests and have straight trunks and rounded ears.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Thank you for allowing me to describe the situation，where I had no alternative but give up the plan.but后加to2．Assumed that the weather is favorable，farmers will have a good harvest.Assumed→_Assuming3．The audience evidently liked the play because they applaud for two minutes at the end.applaud→applauded4．I'm very sorry to interrupt with you，but I have something very important to tell you.去掉with5．Look ahead of，and you will see the lights of the village.去掉第一个of6．I fed up with his laziness and carelessness at present.fed前加amⅠ.课文语法填空根据P38－39课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A group of students from England has come to the Zhoukoudian caves for a visit.1.An archaeologist is showing them round.The archaeologists have been excavating here for many years.After 2.finding(find)human and animal bones in those caves higher up the hill as well as tools and other objects，they think it is 3.reasonable(reason) to assume some of the earliest people lived in these caves，regardless 4.of the cold.They also discovered fireplaces in the centre of the caves 5.where they made fires.That would have kept them warm，cooked the food and scared wild beasts away.Some evidence suggests that our ancestors did wear clothes 6.made (make)from animal skins.They even used sharpened stone tools 7.to_cut(cut)up animals and remove their skin.The archaeologist also 8.shows(show)the students a primitive necklace preserved quite well.Indeed，as the botanical analyses have 9.specially(special)shown us，all the fields around here used to be part of a large shallow lake.Perhaps there was trade between early peoples or they 10.travelled(travel)to the seaside on their journeys.Ⅱ.写作改错双练根据提示运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文，并改正学生习作。1．上个月我们非常有幸到周口店洞穴参观。(a great honour)2．在这次旅行中我们知道了早期人类的生活环境。(environment)3．我们不仅了解了他们在寒冬御寒的一些方法，还了解到他们是怎样做成兽皮衣服的。(keep the cold out)4．从他们的项链来判断，他们的确很在乎外貌。(judging by)5．周口店一行，让我们进一步接触了民族和文化遗产，增强了我们的民族自豪感。(heritage)第一步：练写作用适当的连接词将上述句子连成一篇短文。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二步：练改错下面是李明针对本文的习作，其中有5处语法错误，请你帮他纠正过来。Last month，it was an great honour for us to pay a visit  the Zhoukoudian caves.During the visit，we were aware of the living environment of the earliest people.What's more，not only were we aware of some of their ways of keeping the cold out during the frozen winter，but also we knew their clothes made of animal furs.Judged by their necklaces，they cared about their appearance indeed.In a word，the visit to the Zhoukoudian caves lets us get closely to people and cultural heritage，which increases our sense of national pride.【答案】　Last month，it was  great honour for us to pay a visit  the Zhoukoudian caves.During the visit，we were aware of the living environment of the earliest people.What's more，not only were we aware of some of their ways of keeping the cold out during the  winter，but also we knew their clothes made of animal furs. by their necklaces，they cared about their appearance indeed.In a word，the visit to the Zhoukoudian caves lets us get  to people and cultural heritage，which increases our sense of national pride.