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2020版高考英语精准备考一轮新高考地区（鲁琼辽）专用版讲义：Book1Module2
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基础知识默写
1．amusing adj.有趣的；可笑的→amused adj.感到有趣的；被逗笑的→amuse vt.使开心；使发笑→amusement n．愉悦；娱乐
2．energetic adj.精力充沛的→energy n．能量；精力
3．nervous adj.紧张的；焦虑的
4．patient adj.耐心的→impatient(反)adj.无耐心的→patience n．耐心；耐性
5．shy adj.害羞的；羞怯的→shyness n．害羞；羞怯
6．strict adj.严格的；严厉的→strictly adv.严格地；严厉地
7．avoid vt.(故意)避开
8．completely adv.十分地；完全地→complete adj.完全的；彻底的
9．immediately adv.立即，即刻→immediate adj.立即的；即刻的
10．appreciate vt.欣赏；感激→appreciation n．欣赏；感激
11．admit vt.承认；允许进入→admission n．承认；允许进入；入场费
12．wave vt.挥(手)；招(手) n．波浪
13．respect vt.&n.尊敬；尊重→respectful adj.尊敬的，尊重的→respectable adj.值得尊敬的；高尚的，体面的
14．vacation n．假期
15．formal adj.正式的→informal(反)adj.非正式的
16．relaxed adj.放松的；安心的；轻松的→relaxing adj.令人放松的→relax vt.使放松
17．intelligent adj.聪明的→intelligence n．智力；智商
18．scientific adj.科学的→science n．科学
19．organised adj.有组织的；有系统的→organise vt.组织→organisation n．组织→organizer n．组织者
20．summary n．总结；摘要；提要→summarize v．总结
21．incorrectly adv.不正确地
22．literature n．文学
23．headmaster n．校长
24．headmistress n．女校长
25．revision n．修订；修改；复习→revise vt.修改；复习
26．translation n．翻译→translate v．翻译
27．discipline n．纪律
28．relationship n．关系
29．similarly adv.同样地，类似地→similar adj.相似的
30．make sure确定；确信；查明；弄清楚
31．make progress取得进步
32．as a result结果
33．in fact事实上
34．fall asleep睡着
35．tell jokes讲笑话；开玩笑
36．be true of适用于
37．She’s kind and patient，and she explains English grammar so clearly that even I can understand it!
她和善且有耐心，她讲解的英语语法如此清楚，连我都能明白！
38．She’s very strict—we don’t dare to say a word unless she asks us to.
她非常严厉——她要是不让我们说话，我们就一句话也不敢说。
39．Physics will never be my favourite lesson，but I think that I’ll do well in the exam with Mrs Chen teaching me.
虽然物理永远不会是我最喜欢的课，但是我想有陈老师教我，我在考试中会取得好成绩的。
40．I’d rather do translation than revision，Mr Stanton.
斯坦顿老师，我宁愿做翻译练习也不愿复习。
基础知识夯实
Ⅰ.语境填词
1．A nervous(紧张的) night to be sure，but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all！
(2017·全国Ⅰ)
2．Now，I appreciate(感激) the silence and the new way of communication it opens.
3．Let them know that you are there to help in any way that is acceptable，while still respecting(尊重) the privacy of your neighbors.
4．Other European countries laid down a similar(相似的) requirement for immigrants，and some terms are even tougher.(2017·浙江)
5．She also organized(组织) a fundraising(募捐) drive in “Ladybug Jars” to collect everyone’s spare change during “Make Change” month in the past.(2017·北京)
6．Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues amused(amuse) with her stories.
7．In addition，the more you work out，the more energetic(energy) you will become.
8．What I saw was completely(complete) unlike anything I had experienced in the past.(2017·全国Ⅰ)
9．Teaching children with special needs requires patience(patient) and understanding.
10．Admission(admit) to British universities depends on examination results.
11．I watched as the ASL(美式手语) Club performed their translation(translate) of a song.
(2017·全国Ⅰ)
12．A relaxing(relax) day under the spring sun will help students forget all about tests and studying.
13．It’s partly that his writings rode a wave of social，political and scientific(science) progress.(2018·浙江)
14．She gave me a comforting smile，nodded while listening patiently，and then printed out the ticket immediately(immediate)．(2016·全国Ⅱ)
15．I have my doubts that anyone has actually followed the procedures strictly(strict)．(2017·天津)
Ⅱ.选词成篇
Exams are an essential part of school life.Recently，I have been quite upset and anxious，because I frequently 1.made mistakes that I should have avoided in all my exams.2.As a result，I feel guilty facing my parents and teachers.Even worse,3.in fact，I cannot 4.fall asleep at night from time to time.Fortunately，my teacher notices my poor performance.
Generally speaking,5.being strict with students can show a teacher’s love.However，my teacher expresses her concern in a gentle way.First，she 6.makes sure I know how to go through the exam requirements and the instructions thoroughly before I start the exam.Afterwards，she tries to make me relaxed by 7.telling jokes.Besides，she assures me that with proper physical exercise I can eventually 8.make progress.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．Triggering(触发) events for anger are so many that to describe them all would take hundreds of pages.(so...that)(2018·北京)
引起愤怒的事情如此之多以至于描述这些就需要花费大量篇幅。
2．You will never gain success unless you are fully devoted to your work.(unless)
除非你全身心投入工作，否则你永远不会成功。
3．In the end of the competition，we took a group photo，with championship cup in our hands，in memory of this unforgettable experience.(with＋宾语＋宾语补足语)
竞赛结束后，我们拍了一张合照，手里拿着冠军奖杯，纪念这次难忘的经历。
4．Though he was disabled from birth，he would rather earn his living independently than depend on others.(would rather...than)
尽管他生来就有残疾，他宁愿自己独立谋生也不愿依赖别人。
1．“感谢”家庭
(1)grateful adj.感激的→gratitude n．感激
(2)appreciate vt.感激→appreciation n．感激
(3)thank v．感谢→thankful adj.感激的
2．“承认，认可”汇总
(1)admit vt.承认；认可
(2)recognize vt.正式承认；认可
(3)acknowledge vt.承认；供认
(4)approve vt.批准；认可
(5)confess vt.承认；坦白
3．可单可复的短语
(1)make mistakes/make a mistake犯错
(2)tell jokes/tell a joke讲笑话
(3)make faces/make a face做鬼脸
(4)tell lies/tell a lie撒谎
(5)make efforts/make an effort努力
4．以a 开头的表语形容词构成的短语
(1)fall asleep入睡；睡着
(2)fast/sound asleep酣睡
(3)be wide awake十分清醒；毫无睡意
(4)be ashamed of羞愧；愧疚
(5)be aware of明白；意识到
patient adj.耐心的
n.病人，患者
(1)be patient with对……有耐心
(2)patience n．耐心；耐性；忍耐
with patience＝patiently耐心地
out of patience没有耐心
have/lose patience with对……有/失去耐心
(1)He is a teacher who is patient with his students.
(2)He waited patiently(patience) for an answer.
→He waited with patience for an answer.
(3)He’s a good teacher，but he doesn’t have much patience with(对……有耐心) his son.
易错点拨 表示做某事的耐心，其后通常接不定式作定语，一般不接of doing sth.。如：He had not the patience to stay here so long.他没有在此久待的耐心。
(1)be serious about (doing) sth./sb.对(做)某事/某人是认真的
I’m serious.我是认真的。
(2)seriously adv.认真地；严重地；严肃地
take...seriously认真对待……
(1)Our kindergarten daughter is serious about becoming a doctor.(2018·全国Ⅲ)
(2)I want people who take responsibility seriously(认真负责)．
(1)be strict with sb.对某人要求严格
be strict in sth.对某事严格
(2)strictly speaking严格地说
(1)In the years of my growing up，Dad was strict with me.(2017·天津)
(2)We should be strict in our study and work.
(3)Strictly(strict) speaking，the world has enough land to feed everybody.
(1)appreciate doing...欣赏/感激做……
I would appreciate it if...假如……我将不胜感激。
(2)appreciation n．欣赏；感激；理解
in appreciation of欣赏；感激
(1)I don’t appreciate being treated(treat) like a secondclass citizen.
(2)Please accept this gift in appreciation of(感谢)all you’ve done for us.
(3)[同义句改写] I would appreciate it if you could reply at your earliest convenience.(用grateful改写)(2017·天津)
→I would be grateful to you for replying at your earliest convenience.
易错点拨 appreciate后不接不定式；其后只能接“事”作宾语，而不能接“人”作宾语；且其后不直接跟从句，需先接it，再接从句，类似用法的动词还有：like，enjoy，hate，love，take，have等。
(1)admit sth./doing sth./having done sth.承认某事/做某事
admit ...to be...承认……是……
admit ...into/to...允许……进入……；成为……中的一员
be admitted as...作为……被接受；被接纳为……
(2)admission n．准许进入；承认；入场费
(1)He had to admit doing/having done(do) wrong.
他不得不承认做错了。
(2)You must admit the task to be difficult/hard.
你得承认这个任务是艰巨的。
(3)How many students have been admitted into/to the school this year?
今年这所学校已有多少学生入学？
[熟词生义] 选择句子中admit/admission的汉语意思
A．入场费 B．容纳 C．承认
(4)The theatre admits only 260 people. B
(5)Gates open at 1030 am and admission is free. A
易错点拨 admit表示“承认”，后可接名词、动名词，不接不定式；表示“允许……进入”时，不接不定式的复合结构，即不能说：admit sb.to do...。
(1)relax vt.& vi.(使)松弛；(使)松懈；(使)休息；放松
(2)relaxing adj.使人放松的
(3)relaxation n．放松，休息；娱乐活动
[根据语境用relax的正确形式填空]
(1)Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams.
(2)Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.(2018·全国Ⅰ)
(3)Not only did it get us close to nature and give us relaxation from heavy school work，but it also promoted the friendship among us.
易错点拨 汉语可说“自我放松”“使自己放松”，但英语中的relax习惯上不接反身代词作宾语。
(1)similar adj.相似的；类似的
be similar to与……相似
be similar in在某方面相似
(2)similarity n．[U]类似性；相似性；[C]类似点；相似处
(3)be different from和……不同
be the same as和……一样
(1)When lab rats are not allowed to sleep，they die within a month.Similarly(similar)，when people go for a few days without sleeping，they get sick.(2017·北京)
(2)Both language and music play a huge role in our culture and here are some of their similarities(similar)．(2017·安徽六安一中模拟)
(3)His dress is very similar to mine in colour.
(4)She wears the clothes which are the same as mine.
(1)make sure of...弄清楚……；查明……
make sure that...确信……
(2)be sure of/about/that...有把握；确信
be sure to do sth.一定要，务必(去做某事)
for sure确定无疑
to be sure(承认属实)诚然，固然，无可否认
(3)sure enough果然；真的；的确
(1)The Transition is now going through crash tests to make sure it meets federal safety standards.
(2017·全国Ⅱ)
Transition目前正在进行碰撞测试，以确保它符合联邦安全标准。
(2)You are sure to succeed(succeed) if you go on working hard.如果你继续努力，你一定会成功的。
(3)I think he lives there but I couldn’t say for sure.
我想他是住在那里的，但我不敢肯定。
易错点拨 be sure of表示句子主语对某一情况的判断或信念，意为“相信，确信，有把握”；be sure to do...表示说话者自己的态度或看法，意为“一定会，肯定会”。be sure of的主语只能是人，但be sure to do...的主语不受此限制。
She’s very strict—we don’t dare to say a word unless she asks us to.她非常严厉——她要是不让我们说话，我们就一句话也不敢说。
(1)unless“除非；如果不”引导一个肯定的条件状语从句，从句有时可与if...not引导的否定状语从句互换。
(2)unless引导的条件状语从句常用一般现在时表示将来意义，主句多用一般将来时。
(3)在unless引导的条件状语从句中，主语和部分谓语有时可以省略。
(1)[同义句改写] You will fail to make rapid progress in your study if you don’t form a good habit.
→You will fail to make rapid progress in your study unless you form a good habit.
(2)Some argue that humans and machines can coexist as long as they work in teams—yet that is not possible unless machines share the goals of humans.(2017·北京)
有人认为，只要共同合作，人类和机器就能共存——然而，除非机器和人类的目标一致，否则这是不可能的。
Physics will never be my favourite lesson，but I think that I’ll do well in the exam with Mrs Chen teaching me.
虽然物理永远不会是我最喜欢的课，但是我想有陈老师教我，我在考试中会取得好成绩的。
with Mrs Chen teaching me为“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”作状语。“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”即with的复合结构，在句中多作状语，也可以作定语。常见的结构有：with＋宾语＋doing/done/adj./adv./to do/介词短语。
(1)With much work to deal(deal) with，I have to focus on my present assignments.
有许多工作要处理，我不得不集中精力于当前的任务。
(2)The girl sat there quite silent and still with her eyes fixed(fix) on the wall.
那个女孩安静地坐在那里，眼睛仍然盯着墙。
(3)[同义句改写] As time goes by，I gradually realize the importance of health.
→With time going by，I gradually realize the importance of health.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．To avoid being caught(catch)，the Winns had to get their tent up late and packed it away early in the morning.(2018·江苏)
2．Welty’s new friends immediately(immediate) sent a waiter to find a cab.(2016·全国Ⅲ)
3．The God gave him a little hardship early to make him appreciate what he would earn in the end and called him Michael Jordan.
4．We were respectful(respect) of craft(技艺) and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play.(2017·全国Ⅱ)
5．The youngsters admitted planning(plan) trips around potential photoopportunities and then messaging friends to demand “likes” for their online posts.(2018·江苏)
6．Do you find yourself getting impatient(patient) or annoyed with people over unimportant things？(2016·上海)
7．Undoubtedly，if I was in charge of a school I would also be very strict with students who don’t behave well.
8．I’ll be more relaxed(relax) watching boxoffice hits(大片) in the comfort of my own living room than in the noise of the theatre.
9．Summer brings with it typhoons and rainy weather，making a pair of durable and stylish rain boots an intelligent investment.
10．I hate it when she calls me at work—I’m always too busy to carry on a conversation with her.(2016·天津)
Ⅱ.单元知识运用
写作素材(关于英语老师)
1．我们的英语老师是一位精力充沛且有耐心的人，在学习上对我们要求严格。(定语从句)
2．她的课很有条理，因此我们都容易听懂。(so...that...)
3．为了确保我们对她的课感兴趣并避免我们上课睡觉，她有时会讲笑话。(不定式作目的状语)
4．在她的教授下，我们的英语已取得很大进步。(with复合结构)
5．我们感激她的帮助，并且非常尊重她。
连句成篇——根据提示利用本单元所学知识补全短文
Our English teacher,11.who is an energetic and patient person,12.is strict with us in our study.Her teaching is 13.so well organised that we can understand her easily.14.To make sure we are interested in her lesson and 15.avoid us falling asleep in class，she sometimes tells jokes.We 16.have made great progress in English with her teaching us.We 17.appreciate her help and 18.respect her very much.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
话题：周围的人 难度星级：☆☆
(2018·宁夏六盘山高级中学期中)
Mrs Mullen had just got a new heart.She’d waited a year for it，she told me—not that she was complaining.In fact，Mrs Mullen never complained about anything.She just got on with it.Although she was getting over a serious operation，she didn’t even like to bother the nurses for a painkiller.She put me，and most of my patients in the hospital，to shame.
My generation are a generation of complainers.We think the world owes us something.But if the world owes anyone anything，it owes people like Mrs Mullen.She left school at 14，even though she’d won a place at grammar school.She worked in a factory until she retired.She never had a day off sick in her life and never had a holiday—not even when she gave birth to her three children.That’s nearly 50 years of hard work.I’ve never worked as hard as Mrs Mullen，and I’ll almost certainly never have to.
Mrs Mullen recovered well and soon left hospital.It never occurred to me that I’d see her again，so I couldn’t believe my eyes when a few weeks later I went to buy a sandwich from the hospital Friends’ shop.
“What are you doing here？” I asked.“You’re supposed to be resting.”
“Oh I am，” she replied.“It’s only a few hours a week.I saw the ad for volunteers while I was staying here.It’s my way of saying thank you for all that this hospital has done for me.”
Thank you？Mrs Mullen is the sort of person who gives back more than she takes.I asked for a cheese and tomato sandwich.She handed me egg instead—it was all they had got.I hate egg，but I decided to eat it anyway and not to complain.
19．Mrs Mullen made the author feel ashamed because .
A．he liked bothering others
B．he often made complaints
C．he wasn’t as brave as her
D．he didn’t give her painkiller
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句和第二段第一句可知Mrs Mullen使作者感到羞愧的是他经常抱怨。故选B。
20．We know from the text that Mrs Mullen .
A．was hardworking
B．was in debt for years
C．once taught at school
D．received a good education
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中“She worked in a factory until she retired.She never had a day off sick in her life and never had a holiday—not even when she gave birth to her three children.That’s nearly 50 years of hard work.”可知Mrs Mullen是一个努力工作的人。故选A。
21．When the author met Mrs Mullen at the shop，he .
A．felt very surprised
B．treated her to a sandwich
C．helped her get a job there
D．asked her to rest immediately
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中“It never occurred to me that I’d see her again，so I couldn’t believe my eyes when a few weeks later I went to buy a sandwich from the hospital Friends’ shop.”可知作者在商店里见到Mrs Mullen时感到非常惊讶。故选A。
话题：社会 难度星级：☆☆☆
(2018·江西省百所名校联考)
Consumers who value their privacy(隐私) can limit what they post on Facebook and adjust settings on sites such as Instagram.But Internet service providers (ISPs) have the best advantage point on what consumers do online，and there’s much less you can do about it.After all，your ISP is the conduit(中转机构) for everything you read，view，or shop for while you’re accessing the web at home.
New rules governing the way ISPs can use consumers’ data were adopted in 2016 and scheduled to go into effect this December.But they were rejected by Congress this spring.That leaves the future of broadband(宽带) privacy practices unsettled.Consumers say they want more，not less，regulation of broadband privacy.In a nationally representative survey of 1,008 Americans conducted in early May for the Consumer Reports National Research Center,80 percent of respondents told us that ISPs should need to get permission before sharing consumers’ data.Six out of 10 didn’t think ISPs should be allowed to sell or share this information at all.Eightyfive percent of respondents said the data rightfully belongs to them.
Under the recently defeated rules，broadband providers would have faced a new login requirement，forcing them to get permission before using data such as web browsing histories.Opponents of the rules said it was unfair to hold ISPs to stricter standards than Internet companies such as Amazon，Google，and Facebook，which are regulated more loosely.
Going forward，state laws could pick up some of the conflict.By the end of May，more than a dozen states had proposed some laws mentioning the issue.Privacy protection bills were also being discussed in Washington D．C.But privacy experts don’t expect much from the bills.After all，this is the same Congress that voted to roll back the existing privacy protections.
语篇解读 本文介绍了一则管理互联网服务提供商使用消费者数据方式的新规，以及各方对这一新规的看法。
22．What do the new rules focus on?
A．Keeping the Internet steady.
B．Settling broadband practices.
C．Forbidding ISPs to use consumers’ data.
D．Protecting Internet consumers’ privacy.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“New rules governing the way ISPs can use consumers’ data...”可知，新规是为保护互联网消费者的隐私。故选D。
23．What is the third paragraph mainly about?
A．Regulations on ISPs using consumers’ data.
B．A survey of privacy conducted by Congress.
C．Consumers’ opinions about broadband privacy.
D．The argument about who owns consumers’ data.
答案 C
解析 段落大意题。根据第三段中的“broadband providers would have faced a new login requirement”及下文又介绍反对这项规定的人说的话，可知第三段主要是介绍消费者对宽带隐私的看法。故选C。
24．What does the underlined part “Opponents of the rules” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Broadband providers.
B．Internet companies.
C．Internet consumers.
D．Survey representatives.
答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。根据第三段Opponents of the rules所说的“对互联网服务供应商设定比互联网公司更严格的标准是不公平的”，可推知Opponents of the rules指的是上文提到的“宽带供应商”。故选A。
25．What can we learn from the text?
A．The future of broadband privacy will be clear.
B．Internet companies rejected the rules together with ISPs.
C．Privacy experts have a negative attitude to the privacy protection bills.
D．Consumers will go on arguing with Congress about the Internet privacy.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第二句“But privacy experts don’t expect much from the bills.”可知，隐私保护专家们对这一隐私保护法案持消极态度。故选C。
话题：个人感情 难度星级：☆☆
(2018·山东德州期中)
Life doesn’t always turn out the way we’d like.When situations take an unfavorable turn，we become upset，frustrated，or angry.When others don’t agree with us，or act in a manner we find disturbing，anger is a typical response.With the exception of a few extreme circumstances an angry reaction rarely improves the situation or helps us change our mind.Thoughtful consideration of what feelings and reaction are most helpful actually restores our real power，so consider the following alternatives to anger.
Compassion，consisting of both understanding and empathy，can be a perfect solution to anger.Each person has a right to live life according to their beliefs，dreams，needs，etc.If someone is acting improperly or not living up to our ideals，we need to remove the “shoulds” and remind ourselves that it is a necessary part of their life’s journey.Choosing this alternative response softens one’s heart and prevents anger from arising.
Humor is another powerful tool for lessening anger.We take life and personal offense far too seriously.After all，their behavior is a reflection of their internal environment and has nothing at all to do with us and it is in reality relatively unimportant.Humor puts any serious situation into its proper places.It acts as a protective barrier to emotional pain as we recognize that what is happening has nothing at all to do with us.
So when others behave badly，forgive them for their bad behaviors rather than judge them in your heart.When life hands us the exact opposite of what we requested，make light of it.After all，this life is only temporary so why get so bent out of shape when it isn’t in line with your ideals? Rain on your wedding day? Break out the umbrellas and boots and dance in the puddles!
语篇解读 本文主要讨论了当生活变得不如意时，可以用其他的方式来化解愤怒，比如：同情包括理解和感同身受，此外幽默也是缓解愤怒的有力工具。
26．What can we infer from the first paragraph?
A．Anger makes a person more powerful.
B．All the people get annoyed easily.
C．Anger often does no good to the situation.
D．Anger can do something good in most cases.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“With the exception of a few extreme circumstances an angry reaction rarely improves the situation or helps us change our mind.”可知除了少数极端情况外，愤怒的反应很少能改善情况，或帮助我们改变主意。故选C。
27．How should we respond to others’ misbehavior according to the second paragraph?
A．Criticize it sharply.
B．Complain about it.
C．Leave it as it is.
D．Understand and accept it.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Compassion，consisting of both understanding and empathy，can be a perfect solution to anger.”可知同情包括理解和感同身受是愤怒的完美解决方案。故选D。
28．What’s the best title of the passage?
A．Alternative Responses to Anger
B．The Bad Effects of Anger
C．The Causes of Frequent Anger
D．The Risk of Getting Angry
答案 A
解析 标题归纳题。本文主要讨论了当生活变得不如意时，可以用其他的方式来化解愤怒，比如：同情包括理解和感同身受，此外幽默也是缓解愤怒的有力工具。故选A。
Ⅳ.七选五
Modern life is making us lonelier，and recent research indicates that this may be the next biggest public health issue following obesity and substance abuse. 29 Changes in modern society are considered to be the cause.We live in nuclear family units，often living large distances away from our extended family and friends，and our growing reliance on social technology rather than facetoface interaction is thought to be making us feel more isolated(孤立的)．
30 Relocating to a new area，losing a loved one，and starting a course at university are all key times when people feel lonely.Some people believe this experience of loneliness motivates us to reconnect with others and to seek out new friendships to reduce the “social pain” that we feel. 31 But for some，when reconnection is not easy or not possible and a person is socially isolated，he can remain in this uncomfortable loneliness state for a number of years，which is linked to poor mental health.
There are a number of misunderstandings regarding those who experience loneliness.Certainly all of us feel it from time to time. 32 They may be socially isolated due to decreased mobility and loss of friends and partners.But it is not often acknowledged that loneliness also affects people at all ages，including children，and is particularly common in the teenage years.
Another myth(谬见) is that loneliness is typically associated with being alone，but it also affects people when they are surrounded by others and well connected socially. 33
A．They think it is useful to us.
B．So why are we getting lonelier?
C．Loneliness affects all of us at some point in our lives.
D．But how on earth can we get rid of this upsetting “friend”？
E．Loneliness almost accompanies us all the time and everywhere.
F．But it is commonly known that loneliness particularly affects the elderly.
G．This is because loneliness is about the quality not the quantity of relationships.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。孤独可能是继肥胖和药物滥用后的又一大公共健康问题，文章就此对“孤独”进行了解读。
29．答案 B
解析 设空处位于段中，为上下文衔接句。空前提到孤独可能是继肥胖和药物滥用后的又一大公共健康问题，空后提到现代社会的变化被认为是这一问题的原因；所以此处应选B项“那么，我们为什么越来越孤独？”；B项在此处起到承上启下的作用，该项中的“getting lonelier”承接了上文，且空后句中的“the cause”正是对B项中的“why”的回答。
30．答案 E
解析 设空处位于段首，起开启下文的作用。空后句提到搬迁到一个新地区、失去一个心爱的人、在大学里开始一门课程，这些都是人们感到孤独的主要时刻。E项“孤独几乎随时随地都伴随着我们”符合此处语境；该项中的“all the time”与空后句中的“key times”相呼应。
31．答案 A
解析 设空处位于段中，为上下文衔接句。空前句提到有些人认为这种孤独的经历促使我们重新与他人建立联系，寻找新的友谊来减少我们所感受到的“社会痛苦”，由此可知，一些人对孤独的看法是积极的；而根据空后的“But”可知，下文说的是另一些人对孤独的消极看法。因此A项“他们认为这对我们有用”符合语境，对空前句进行承接，并且与下文形成对比。
32．答案 F
解析 设空处位于段中，为上下文衔接句。上文提到人们对那些经历孤独的人有很多误解，且我们每个人时常都能感受到这一点。空后句说到他们可能因为行动不便和失去朋友、伴侣而被社会隔离。因此F项“但众所周知，孤独尤其影响老年人”符合语境；空后句中的“They”指代的就是F项中的“the elderly”。
33．答案 G
解析 设空处位于段尾，起承接上文的作用。空前句说另一个谬见是独处会令人感到孤独，但当人们周围有很多朋友且社会关系良好时，也会感到孤独。因此G项“这是因为孤独与人际关系的质量有关，而不是与人际关系的数量有关”符合语境，对空前句进行解释说明。
Ⅴ.完形填空
Whenever I felt disappointed I often thought of what my mother had said to me，“Everything happens for the best.If you 34 ，one day something good will happen.And you’ll realize that it wouldn’t have happened if not for that previous 35 .”
As it 36 ，mother was right.In 1932，I ended my college life. 37 that，I had decided to try for a job in radio，and then could work my way up to sports 38 .I went to Chicago and knocked on the door of every 39 and got turned down every time.In one station，a 40 lady told me that big stations couldn’t risk hiring a person who lacked 41 .“Go to 42 town and find a little station that will give you a chance，” she said.I then 43 to Dixon.While there was no radioannouncing jobs in Dixon，my father said Montgomery Ward had opened a store and wanted an athlete to 44 its sports department.Since Dixon was where I had played high school football，I 45 .The job sounded just right for me.But I wasn’t 46 .
My disappointment must have 47 .“Everything happens for the best，” Mom 48 me.Dad offered me one car for me to job hunt.I 49 WOC Radio in Davenport.The program 50 ，a wonderful Scotsman named Peter MacArthur，told me they had already 51 a contract with another announcer.
Seeing my frustration(挫折) boiling over，Peter asked if I knew anything about football and let me 52 an imaginary game.I did well，and Peter told me I would be broadcasting Saturday’s game!
I often 53 what direction my life might have taken if I’d gotten the job at Montgomery Ward and if I didn’t persist.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要围绕母亲的教导“一切都会好的”展开叙述，告诉我们不要畏惧困难和挫折，只要坚持，一切都会往好的方向发展。
34．A.go on B．hold up
C．look on D．stay up
答案 A
解析 根据句意“如果你坚持下去，总有一天会有好事发生”可知，A项go on“继续，坚持”符合语境。
35．A.successes B．disappointments
C．lives D．results
答案 B
解析 根据本段第一句“Whenever I felt disappointed...”可知选择B项，disappointment失望，与“disappointed”相照应。
36．A.carried out B．looked out
C．figured out D．turned out
答案 D
解析 carry out实施；look out小心，向外望；figure out弄明白；turn out结果是，证明是。根据下文作者给出自己的经历可知，此处指就像结果表明的那样，母亲是正确的。故选D项。
37．A.Since B．After
C．Before D．During
答案 C
解析 根据上下文内容及后面的had decided可知，作者在大学毕业之前就决定去找一份播音员的工作。故选C项。
38．A.announcer B．athlete
C．hostess D．performer
答案 A
解析 根据下文的“While there was no radioannouncing jobs in Dixon”及“...with another announcer”可知选A项。
39．A.firm B．station
C．store D．school
答案 B
解析 根据下文“In one station(在一家电台)”，且station也是后文重复出现的词，可知答案为B项。
40．A.beautiful B．kind
C．strict D．cruel
答案 B
解析 根据此处语境并结合常识可知，能告诉作者碰壁原因的人应该是和蔼善良的人。故选B项。
41．A.money B．knowledge
C．appearance D．experience
答案 D
解析 根据常识及语境可知，大的电台不可能冒险聘用缺乏工作经验(experience)的新播音员。故选D项。
42．A.down B．small
C．big D．faraway
答案 B
解析 根据上文的“I went to Chicago...got turned down every time.”可知作者在大城市找工作每次都遭到拒绝；再根据空后的“...and find a little station”可推测出这个好心人是告诉他到小城镇去找小的电台去尝试。故选B。
43．A.walked B．saw
C．added D．turned
答案 D
解析 根据上下文可知作者从芝加哥转向到了迪克森。故选D项。
44．A.run B．buy
C．sell D．show
答案 A
解析 根据语境可知，父亲说蒙哥马利·沃德开了一家商店，想聘请一个运动员去经营体育用品部，由此可知选A项，run经营，管理。
45．A.refused B．applied
C．managed D．yelled
答案 B
解析 根据下文“The job sounded just right for me.(这个工作听起来正适合我)”可知作者去申请(apply)了这份工作。
46．A.fired B．employed
C．fitted D．satisfied
答案 B
解析 fire解雇；employ雇佣；fit适合；satisfy使满意。根据下文的“My disappointment...”可知作者没有被录用。故选B项。
47．A.disappeared B．fallen
C．shown D．responded
答案 C
解析 根据后文母亲说的“一切都会好的”可推测出作者的失落情绪显现(show)了出来。故选C项。
48．A.reminded B．persuaded
C．advised D．recited
答案 A
解析 remind提醒，使想起；persuade劝服；advise建议；recite背诵。根据语境可知是母亲提醒作者说“一切都会好的”。故选A。
49．A.visited B．tried
C．passed D．poured
答案 B
解析 根据下文的“The program...told me they had already...”可知，作者尝试(申请)了WOC广播公司。故try sth.意为“尝试某事”，符合语境。
50．A.boss B．singer
C．photographer D．director
答案 D
解析 节目负责人(主管)告诉作者他们已经与另外一个播音员签了约。故选D项，director意为“主管，负责人”，符合语境。
51．A.signed B．assigned
C．designed D．resigned
答案 A
解析 sign签约；assign分配，指派；design设计；resign辞职。本句指的是他们已经与另外一个播音员签了约。故选A项。
52．A.watch B．coach
C．broadcast D．play
答案 C
解析 根据第二段中的“I had decided to try for a job in radio”和空后的“an imaginary game”可知，这里是Peter为了考验作者的能力，先让他播报一场虚拟的比赛。后面的“I would be broadcasting Saturday’s game”也暗示了此空的答案。
53．A.doubted B．wondered
C．intended D．expected
答案 B
解析 作者经常想知道(wonder)，如果自己在蒙哥马利·沃德被录用的话，如果自己没能坚持的话，自己现在的生活方向应该是什么。
Ⅵ.语法填空
The Water Splashing(泼) Festival of the Dai ethnic minority(少数民族) falls in April.It is the most important festival 54. (observe) by the Dai people in the Dehong area of Xishuangbanna，Yunnan Province.It is the New Year for the Dai，a festival to send off the old and greet the new.
During the festival 55. lasts three or four days，people are dressed in their best clothes and participate in a variety of rich and colorful 56. (activity)．Dragon boat racing，fireworks displays and other performances such as Peacock dance 57. (hold) on the first day.And the most popular event 58. (be) watersplashing on the second day.People splash water on each other，hoping to take away sicknesses and disasters.The wetter you get，the 59.
(lucky) you will be.The last day is usually for the young people to play games as a way 60.
(express) their love for each other.
The Water Splashing Festival 61. (vivid) exhibits the Dai’s respect for water and the culture of music and dance，food，and costumes.It is also a cultural bridge 62.
Xishuangbanna and Southeast Asian countries that share 63. same festival culture of watersplashing.
语篇解读 泼水节是傣族以及东南亚部分国家和地区的传统节日，更是傣族的新年，表达了对水的尊重。
54．答案 observed
解析 考查非谓语动词。句意为：它是云南省西双版纳德宏地区傣族人庆祝的最重要的节日。句中已有系动词is，空格前没有连词，故用非谓语动词形式。festival与动词observe之间为动宾关系，故此处用过去分词作定语。故填observed。
55．答案 which/that
解析 考查定语从句。句意为：在持续三四天的节日期间，人们穿上最好的衣服，参加各种丰富多彩的活动。分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句。先行词是festival，指物，在从句中作主语，故填which/that。
56．答案 activities
解析 考查名词复数。此处的activity指娱乐性活动，为可数名词，前面由a variety of rich and colorful修饰，故填activities。
57．答案 are held
解析 考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致。此处陈述客观情况，故用一般现在时。主语为Dragon boat racing，fireworks displays and other performances，是复数，故谓语动词用复数。主语和hold之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。故填are held。
58．答案 is
解析 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处是陈述一般性的情况，故用一般现在时。主语the most popular event为单数，对应的系动词也应为单数。故填is。
59．答案 luckier
解析 考查形容词的比较等级。句意为：你被淋得越湿，你越幸运。the＋形容词/副词比较级．..，the＋形容词/副词比较级．..“越……越……”。此处作系动词be的表语，故填luckier。
60．答案 to express
解析 考查非谓语动词。a way to do sth.做某事的方法，是固定结构。故填to express。
61．答案 vividly
解析 考查副词。句意为：泼水节生动形象地展示了傣族人对水的尊敬以及音乐、舞蹈、食物和服装的文化。设空处修饰动词exhibits，应用副词。故填vividly。
62．答案 between
解析 考查介词。between...and...在……和……之间，为固定搭配。故填between。
63．答案 the
解析 考查冠词。句意为：它也是西双版纳与有相同泼水节文化的东南亚国家之间的一座文化桥梁。“the same＋名词”为固定搭配，意为“相同的……”，故填the。
Ⅶ.读后续写
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
(2019·浙江 “五校联考”第二次考试)
Ali and his younger sister，Zahra，lived with their parents in a poor neighborhood.Their mother was very sick and their father was struggling to find a job，and they had only a little money with which to buy food.As they had not paid the rent for several months，the landlord was breathing down their necks.
One day，Ali took Zahra’s shoes to a shoe repairman to make them fixed，but he lost them on the way home.It wasn’t until he got home that he realized he had lost the shoes.He was afraid that his parents would be angry and disappointed，so he begged his sister to keep it secret.Zahra agreed and the two decided to share Ali’s running shoes.Zahra’s school hours were in the morning，so she would wear them first.After school，she would rush back and give them to Ali.He could then run to his school，which began in the afternoon.Although he ran as fast as he could，Ali often arrived late and was warned by the teacher.
Ali heard about a long distance race that was held for the boys in the city.When he learned that the third prize was a new pair of shoes，he decided to take part.He ran home excitedly and promised his sister that he would win her the new shoes.
The day of race arrived.Ali had a strong start，but halfway through the race he began to get tired and his legs began to ache.Getting more and more exhausted，he thought only of Zahra and his promise to her.Dreaming of the new shoes he would win for his sister gave him strength，and he stayed right behind the two fastest runners，determined to finish third.Suddenly，as the finish line drew near，another runner collided(碰撞) with Ali from behind and he crashed to the ground.
注意：
1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1：
Ali looked up and saw the other boys rushing ahead.
Paragraph 2：
Filled with delight，Ali walked home quickly.
参考范文
Ali looked up and saw the other boys rushing ahead.Refusing to give up at this point，he jumped to his feet and ran as fast as he could.He dashed across the finish line and won the fourth prize.Thinking he would let her sister down，Ali couldn’t help sobbing.Just then he suddenly heard the announcement from the broadcast that he won the third prize as the runner who collided with Ali was disqualified for breaking the rule.Holding the shoes close to his chest during the award ceremony，Ali felt overjoyed and relieved as he eventually won the shoes for his sister.
Filled with delight，Ali walked home quickly. He could not wait to see his sister and share the thrilling news.On his arrival，Ali found Zahra was waiting outside.She was really nervous whether her brother had brought her what she was expecting.“Zahra，see what I have got for you！” He took the prize out of his bag with his trembling hands.The instant Zahra saw the shoes，her face lit up.So thrilled was she that she threw herself at Ali.“Thank you! Ali.” Tears of joy welled up their eyes as the brother and sister hugged tightly together.
基础知识默写
1．amusing adj.有趣的；可笑的→amused adj.感到有趣的；被逗笑的→amuse vt.使开心；使发笑→amusement n．愉悦；娱乐
2．energetic adj.精力充沛的→energy n．能量；精力
3．nervous adj.紧张的；焦虑的
4．patient adj.耐心的→impatient(反)adj.无耐心的→patience n．耐心；耐性
5．shy adj.害羞的；羞怯的→shyness n．害羞；羞怯
6．strict adj.严格的；严厉的→strictly adv.严格地；严厉地
7．avoid vt.(故意)避开
8．completely adv.十分地；完全地→complete adj.完全的；彻底的
9．immediately adv.立即，即刻→immediate adj.立即的；即刻的
10．appreciate vt.欣赏；感激→appreciation n．欣赏；感激
11．admit vt.承认；允许进入→admission n．承认；允许进入；入场费
12．wave vt.挥(手)；招(手) n．波浪
13．respect vt.&n.尊敬；尊重→respectful adj.尊敬的，尊重的→respectable adj.值得尊敬的；高尚的，体面的
14．vacation n．假期
15．formal adj.正式的→informal(反)adj.非正式的
16．relaxed adj.放松的；安心的；轻松的→relaxing adj.令人放松的→relax vt.使放松
17．intelligent adj.聪明的→intelligence n．智力；智商
18．scientific adj.科学的→science n．科学
19．organised adj.有组织的；有系统的→organise vt.组织→organisation n．组织→organizer n．组织者
20．summary n．总结；摘要；提要→summarize v．总结
21．incorrectly adv.不正确地
22．literature n．文学
23．headmaster n．校长
24．headmistress n．女校长
25．revision n．修订；修改；复习→revise vt.修改；复习
26．translation n．翻译→translate v．翻译
27．discipline n．纪律
28．relationship n．关系
29．similarly adv.同样地，类似地→similar adj.相似的
30．make sure确定；确信；查明；弄清楚
31．make progress取得进步
32．as a result结果
33．in fact事实上
34．fall asleep睡着
35．tell jokes讲笑话；开玩笑
36．be true of适用于
37．She’s kind and patient，and she explains English grammar so clearly that even I can understand it!
她和善且有耐心，她讲解的英语语法如此清楚，连我都能明白！
38．She’s very strict—we don’t dare to say a word unless she asks us to.
她非常严厉——她要是不让我们说话，我们就一句话也不敢说。
39．Physics will never be my favourite lesson，but I think that I’ll do well in the exam with Mrs Chen teaching me.
虽然物理永远不会是我最喜欢的课，但是我想有陈老师教我，我在考试中会取得好成绩的。
40．I’d rather do translation than revision，Mr Stanton.
斯坦顿老师，我宁愿做翻译练习也不愿复习。
基础知识夯实
Ⅰ.语境填词
1．A nervous(紧张的) night to be sure，but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all！
(2017·全国Ⅰ)
2．Now，I appreciate(感激) the silence and the new way of communication it opens.
3．Let them know that you are there to help in any way that is acceptable，while still respecting(尊重) the privacy of your neighbors.
4．Other European countries laid down a similar(相似的) requirement for immigrants，and some terms are even tougher.(2017·浙江)
5．She also organized(组织) a fundraising(募捐) drive in “Ladybug Jars” to collect everyone’s spare change during “Make Change” month in the past.(2017·北京)
6．Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues amused(amuse) with her stories.
7．In addition，the more you work out，the more energetic(energy) you will become.
8．What I saw was completely(complete) unlike anything I had experienced in the past.(2017·全国Ⅰ)
9．Teaching children with special needs requires patience(patient) and understanding.
10．Admission(admit) to British universities depends on examination results.
11．I watched as the ASL(美式手语) Club performed their translation(translate) of a song.
(2017·全国Ⅰ)
12．A relaxing(relax) day under the spring sun will help students forget all about tests and studying.
13．It’s partly that his writings rode a wave of social，political and scientific(science) progress.(2018·浙江)
14．She gave me a comforting smile，nodded while listening patiently，and then printed out the ticket immediately(immediate)．(2016·全国Ⅱ)
15．I have my doubts that anyone has actually followed the procedures strictly(strict)．(2017·天津)
Ⅱ.选词成篇
Exams are an essential part of school life.Recently，I have been quite upset and anxious，because I frequently 1.made mistakes that I should have avoided in all my exams.2.As a result，I feel guilty facing my parents and teachers.Even worse,3.in fact，I cannot 4.fall asleep at night from time to time.Fortunately，my teacher notices my poor performance.
Generally speaking,5.being strict with students can show a teacher’s love.However，my teacher expresses her concern in a gentle way.First，she 6.makes sure I know how to go through the exam requirements and the instructions thoroughly before I start the exam.Afterwards，she tries to make me relaxed by 7.telling jokes.Besides，she assures me that with proper physical exercise I can eventually 8.make progress.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．Triggering(触发) events for anger are so many that to describe them all would take hundreds of pages.(so...that)(2018·北京)
引起愤怒的事情如此之多以至于描述这些就需要花费大量篇幅。
2．You will never gain success unless you are fully devoted to your work.(unless)
除非你全身心投入工作，否则你永远不会成功。
3．In the end of the competition，we took a group photo，with championship cup in our hands，in memory of this unforgettable experience.(with＋宾语＋宾语补足语)
竞赛结束后，我们拍了一张合照，手里拿着冠军奖杯，纪念这次难忘的经历。
4．Though he was disabled from birth，he would rather earn his living independently than depend on others.(would rather...than)
尽管他生来就有残疾，他宁愿自己独立谋生也不愿依赖别人。
1．“感谢”家庭
(1)grateful adj.感激的→gratitude n．感激
(2)appreciate vt.感激→appreciation n．感激
(3)thank v．感谢→thankful adj.感激的
2．“承认，认可”汇总
(1)admit vt.承认；认可
(2)recognize vt.正式承认；认可
(3)acknowledge vt.承认；供认
(4)approve vt.批准；认可
(5)confess vt.承认；坦白
3．可单可复的短语
(1)make mistakes/make a mistake犯错
(2)tell jokes/tell a joke讲笑话
(3)make faces/make a face做鬼脸
(4)tell lies/tell a lie撒谎
(5)make efforts/make an effort努力
4．以a 开头的表语形容词构成的短语
(1)fall asleep入睡；睡着
(2)fast/sound asleep酣睡
(3)be wide awake十分清醒；毫无睡意
(4)be ashamed of羞愧；愧疚
(5)be aware of明白；意识到
patient adj.耐心的
n.病人，患者
(1)be patient with对……有耐心
(2)patience n．耐心；耐性；忍耐
with patience＝patiently耐心地
out of patience没有耐心
have/lose patience with对……有/失去耐心
(1)He is a teacher who is patient with his students.
(2)He waited patiently(patience) for an answer.
→He waited with patience for an answer.
(3)He’s a good teacher，but he doesn’t have much patience with(对……有耐心) his son.
易错点拨 表示做某事的耐心，其后通常接不定式作定语，一般不接of doing sth.。如：He had not the patience to stay here so long.他没有在此久待的耐心。
(1)be serious about (doing) sth./sb.对(做)某事/某人是认真的
I’m serious.我是认真的。
(2)seriously adv.认真地；严重地；严肃地
take...seriously认真对待……
(1)Our kindergarten daughter is serious about becoming a doctor.(2018·全国Ⅲ)
(2)I want people who take responsibility seriously(认真负责)．
(1)be strict with sb.对某人要求严格
be strict in sth.对某事严格
(2)strictly speaking严格地说
(1)In the years of my growing up，Dad was strict with me.(2017·天津)
(2)We should be strict in our study and work.
(3)Strictly(strict) speaking，the world has enough land to feed everybody.
(1)appreciate doing...欣赏/感激做……
I would appreciate it if...假如……我将不胜感激。
(2)appreciation n．欣赏；感激；理解
in appreciation of欣赏；感激
(1)I don’t appreciate being treated(treat) like a secondclass citizen.
(2)Please accept this gift in appreciation of(感谢)all you’ve done for us.
(3)[同义句改写] I would appreciate it if you could reply at your earliest convenience.(用grateful改写)(2017·天津)
→I would be grateful to you for replying at your earliest convenience.
易错点拨 appreciate后不接不定式；其后只能接“事”作宾语，而不能接“人”作宾语；且其后不直接跟从句，需先接it，再接从句，类似用法的动词还有：like，enjoy，hate，love，take，have等。
(1)admit sth./doing sth./having done sth.承认某事/做某事
admit ...to be...承认……是……
admit ...into/to...允许……进入……；成为……中的一员
be admitted as...作为……被接受；被接纳为……
(2)admission n．准许进入；承认；入场费
(1)He had to admit doing/having done(do) wrong.
他不得不承认做错了。
(2)You must admit the task to be difficult/hard.
你得承认这个任务是艰巨的。
(3)How many students have been admitted into/to the school this year?
今年这所学校已有多少学生入学？
[熟词生义] 选择句子中admit/admission的汉语意思
A．入场费 B．容纳 C．承认
(4)The theatre admits only 260 people. B
(5)Gates open at 1030 am and admission is free. A
易错点拨 admit表示“承认”，后可接名词、动名词，不接不定式；表示“允许……进入”时，不接不定式的复合结构，即不能说：admit sb.to do...。
(1)relax vt.& vi.(使)松弛；(使)松懈；(使)休息；放松
(2)relaxing adj.使人放松的
(3)relaxation n．放松，休息；娱乐活动
[根据语境用relax的正确形式填空]
(1)Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams.
(2)Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.(2018·全国Ⅰ)
(3)Not only did it get us close to nature and give us relaxation from heavy school work，but it also promoted the friendship among us.
易错点拨 汉语可说“自我放松”“使自己放松”，但英语中的relax习惯上不接反身代词作宾语。
(1)similar adj.相似的；类似的
be similar to与……相似
be similar in在某方面相似
(2)similarity n．[U]类似性；相似性；[C]类似点；相似处
(3)be different from和……不同
be the same as和……一样
(1)When lab rats are not allowed to sleep，they die within a month.Similarly(similar)，when people go for a few days without sleeping，they get sick.(2017·北京)
(2)Both language and music play a huge role in our culture and here are some of their similarities(similar)．(2017·安徽六安一中模拟)
(3)His dress is very similar to mine in colour.
(4)She wears the clothes which are the same as mine.
(1)make sure of...弄清楚……；查明……
make sure that...确信……
(2)be sure of/about/that...有把握；确信
be sure to do sth.一定要，务必(去做某事)
for sure确定无疑
to be sure(承认属实)诚然，固然，无可否认
(3)sure enough果然；真的；的确
(1)The Transition is now going through crash tests to make sure it meets federal safety standards.
(2017·全国Ⅱ)
Transition目前正在进行碰撞测试，以确保它符合联邦安全标准。
(2)You are sure to succeed(succeed) if you go on working hard.如果你继续努力，你一定会成功的。
(3)I think he lives there but I couldn’t say for sure.
我想他是住在那里的，但我不敢肯定。
易错点拨 be sure of表示句子主语对某一情况的判断或信念，意为“相信，确信，有把握”；be sure to do...表示说话者自己的态度或看法，意为“一定会，肯定会”。be sure of的主语只能是人，但be sure to do...的主语不受此限制。
She’s very strict—we don’t dare to say a word unless she asks us to.她非常严厉——她要是不让我们说话，我们就一句话也不敢说。
(1)unless“除非；如果不”引导一个肯定的条件状语从句，从句有时可与if...not引导的否定状语从句互换。
(2)unless引导的条件状语从句常用一般现在时表示将来意义，主句多用一般将来时。
(3)在unless引导的条件状语从句中，主语和部分谓语有时可以省略。
(1)[同义句改写] You will fail to make rapid progress in your study if you don’t form a good habit.
→You will fail to make rapid progress in your study unless you form a good habit.
(2)Some argue that humans and machines can coexist as long as they work in teams—yet that is not possible unless machines share the goals of humans.(2017·北京)
有人认为，只要共同合作，人类和机器就能共存——然而，除非机器和人类的目标一致，否则这是不可能的。
Physics will never be my favourite lesson，but I think that I’ll do well in the exam with Mrs Chen teaching me.
虽然物理永远不会是我最喜欢的课，但是我想有陈老师教我，我在考试中会取得好成绩的。
with Mrs Chen teaching me为“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”作状语。“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”即with的复合结构，在句中多作状语，也可以作定语。常见的结构有：with＋宾语＋doing/done/adj./adv./to do/介词短语。
(1)With much work to deal(deal) with，I have to focus on my present assignments.
有许多工作要处理，我不得不集中精力于当前的任务。
(2)The girl sat there quite silent and still with her eyes fixed(fix) on the wall.
那个女孩安静地坐在那里，眼睛仍然盯着墙。
(3)[同义句改写] As time goes by，I gradually realize the importance of health.
→With time going by，I gradually realize the importance of health.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．To avoid being caught(catch)，the Winns had to get their tent up late and packed it away early in the morning.(2018·江苏)
2．Welty’s new friends immediately(immediate) sent a waiter to find a cab.(2016·全国Ⅲ)
3．The God gave him a little hardship early to make him appreciate what he would earn in the end and called him Michael Jordan.
4．We were respectful(respect) of craft(技艺) and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play.(2017·全国Ⅱ)
5．The youngsters admitted planning(plan) trips around potential photoopportunities and then messaging friends to demand “likes” for their online posts.(2018·江苏)
6．Do you find yourself getting impatient(patient) or annoyed with people over unimportant things？(2016·上海)
7．Undoubtedly，if I was in charge of a school I would also be very strict with students who don’t behave well.
8．I’ll be more relaxed(relax) watching boxoffice hits(大片) in the comfort of my own living room than in the noise of the theatre.
9．Summer brings with it typhoons and rainy weather，making a pair of durable and stylish rain boots an intelligent investment.
10．I hate it when she calls me at work—I’m always too busy to carry on a conversation with her.(2016·天津)
Ⅱ.单元知识运用
写作素材(关于英语老师)
1．我们的英语老师是一位精力充沛且有耐心的人，在学习上对我们要求严格。(定语从句)
2．她的课很有条理，因此我们都容易听懂。(so...that...)
3．为了确保我们对她的课感兴趣并避免我们上课睡觉，她有时会讲笑话。(不定式作目的状语)
4．在她的教授下，我们的英语已取得很大进步。(with复合结构)
5．我们感激她的帮助，并且非常尊重她。
连句成篇——根据提示利用本单元所学知识补全短文
Our English teacher,11.who is an energetic and patient person,12.is strict with us in our study.Her teaching is 13.so well organised that we can understand her easily.14.To make sure we are interested in her lesson and 15.avoid us falling asleep in class，she sometimes tells jokes.We 16.have made great progress in English with her teaching us.We 17.appreciate her help and 18.respect her very much.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
话题：周围的人 难度星级：☆☆
(2018·宁夏六盘山高级中学期中)
Mrs Mullen had just got a new heart.She’d waited a year for it，she told me—not that she was complaining.In fact，Mrs Mullen never complained about anything.She just got on with it.Although she was getting over a serious operation，she didn’t even like to bother the nurses for a painkiller.She put me，and most of my patients in the hospital，to shame.
My generation are a generation of complainers.We think the world owes us something.But if the world owes anyone anything，it owes people like Mrs Mullen.She left school at 14，even though she’d won a place at grammar school.She worked in a factory until she retired.She never had a day off sick in her life and never had a holiday—not even when she gave birth to her three children.That’s nearly 50 years of hard work.I’ve never worked as hard as Mrs Mullen，and I’ll almost certainly never have to.
Mrs Mullen recovered well and soon left hospital.It never occurred to me that I’d see her again，so I couldn’t believe my eyes when a few weeks later I went to buy a sandwich from the hospital Friends’ shop.
“What are you doing here？” I asked.“You’re supposed to be resting.”
“Oh I am，” she replied.“It’s only a few hours a week.I saw the ad for volunteers while I was staying here.It’s my way of saying thank you for all that this hospital has done for me.”
Thank you？Mrs Mullen is the sort of person who gives back more than she takes.I asked for a cheese and tomato sandwich.She handed me egg instead—it was all they had got.I hate egg，but I decided to eat it anyway and not to complain.
19．Mrs Mullen made the author feel ashamed because .
A．he liked bothering others
B．he often made complaints
C．he wasn’t as brave as her
D．he didn’t give her painkiller
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句和第二段第一句可知Mrs Mullen使作者感到羞愧的是他经常抱怨。故选B。
20．We know from the text that Mrs Mullen .
A．was hardworking
B．was in debt for years
C．once taught at school
D．received a good education
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中“She worked in a factory until she retired.She never had a day off sick in her life and never had a holiday—not even when she gave birth to her three children.That’s nearly 50 years of hard work.”可知Mrs Mullen是一个努力工作的人。故选A。
21．When the author met Mrs Mullen at the shop，he .
A．felt very surprised
B．treated her to a sandwich
C．helped her get a job there
D．asked her to rest immediately
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中“It never occurred to me that I’d see her again，so I couldn’t believe my eyes when a few weeks later I went to buy a sandwich from the hospital Friends’ shop.”可知作者在商店里见到Mrs Mullen时感到非常惊讶。故选A。
话题：社会 难度星级：☆☆☆
(2018·江西省百所名校联考)
Consumers who value their privacy(隐私) can limit what they post on Facebook and adjust settings on sites such as Instagram.But Internet service providers (ISPs) have the best advantage point on what consumers do online，and there’s much less you can do about it.After all，your ISP is the conduit(中转机构) for everything you read，view，or shop for while you’re accessing the web at home.
New rules governing the way ISPs can use consumers’ data were adopted in 2016 and scheduled to go into effect this December.But they were rejected by Congress this spring.That leaves the future of broadband(宽带) privacy practices unsettled.Consumers say they want more，not less，regulation of broadband privacy.In a nationally representative survey of 1,008 Americans conducted in early May for the Consumer Reports National Research Center,80 percent of respondents told us that ISPs should need to get permission before sharing consumers’ data.Six out of 10 didn’t think ISPs should be allowed to sell or share this information at all.Eightyfive percent of respondents said the data rightfully belongs to them.
Under the recently defeated rules，broadband providers would have faced a new login requirement，forcing them to get permission before using data such as web browsing histories.Opponents of the rules said it was unfair to hold ISPs to stricter standards than Internet companies such as Amazon，Google，and Facebook，which are regulated more loosely.
Going forward，state laws could pick up some of the conflict.By the end of May，more than a dozen states had proposed some laws mentioning the issue.Privacy protection bills were also being discussed in Washington D．C.But privacy experts don’t expect much from the bills.After all，this is the same Congress that voted to roll back the existing privacy protections.
语篇解读 本文介绍了一则管理互联网服务提供商使用消费者数据方式的新规，以及各方对这一新规的看法。
22．What do the new rules focus on?
A．Keeping the Internet steady.
B．Settling broadband practices.
C．Forbidding ISPs to use consumers’ data.
D．Protecting Internet consumers’ privacy.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“New rules governing the way ISPs can use consumers’ data...”可知，新规是为保护互联网消费者的隐私。故选D。
23．What is the third paragraph mainly about?
A．Regulations on ISPs using consumers’ data.
B．A survey of privacy conducted by Congress.
C．Consumers’ opinions about broadband privacy.
D．The argument about who owns consumers’ data.
答案 C
解析 段落大意题。根据第三段中的“broadband providers would have faced a new login requirement”及下文又介绍反对这项规定的人说的话，可知第三段主要是介绍消费者对宽带隐私的看法。故选C。
24．What does the underlined part “Opponents of the rules” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Broadband providers.
B．Internet companies.
C．Internet consumers.
D．Survey representatives.
答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。根据第三段Opponents of the rules所说的“对互联网服务供应商设定比互联网公司更严格的标准是不公平的”，可推知Opponents of the rules指的是上文提到的“宽带供应商”。故选A。
25．What can we learn from the text?
A．The future of broadband privacy will be clear.
B．Internet companies rejected the rules together with ISPs.
C．Privacy experts have a negative attitude to the privacy protection bills.
D．Consumers will go on arguing with Congress about the Internet privacy.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第二句“But privacy experts don’t expect much from the bills.”可知，隐私保护专家们对这一隐私保护法案持消极态度。故选C。
话题：个人感情 难度星级：☆☆
(2018·山东德州期中)
Life doesn’t always turn out the way we’d like.When situations take an unfavorable turn，we become upset，frustrated，or angry.When others don’t agree with us，or act in a manner we find disturbing，anger is a typical response.With the exception of a few extreme circumstances an angry reaction rarely improves the situation or helps us change our mind.Thoughtful consideration of what feelings and reaction are most helpful actually restores our real power，so consider the following alternatives to anger.
Compassion，consisting of both understanding and empathy，can be a perfect solution to anger.Each person has a right to live life according to their beliefs，dreams，needs，etc.If someone is acting improperly or not living up to our ideals，we need to remove the “shoulds” and remind ourselves that it is a necessary part of their life’s journey.Choosing this alternative response softens one’s heart and prevents anger from arising.
Humor is another powerful tool for lessening anger.We take life and personal offense far too seriously.After all，their behavior is a reflection of their internal environment and has nothing at all to do with us and it is in reality relatively unimportant.Humor puts any serious situation into its proper places.It acts as a protective barrier to emotional pain as we recognize that what is happening has nothing at all to do with us.
So when others behave badly，forgive them for their bad behaviors rather than judge them in your heart.When life hands us the exact opposite of what we requested，make light of it.After all，this life is only temporary so why get so bent out of shape when it isn’t in line with your ideals? Rain on your wedding day? Break out the umbrellas and boots and dance in the puddles!
语篇解读 本文主要讨论了当生活变得不如意时，可以用其他的方式来化解愤怒，比如：同情包括理解和感同身受，此外幽默也是缓解愤怒的有力工具。
26．What can we infer from the first paragraph?
A．Anger makes a person more powerful.
B．All the people get annoyed easily.
C．Anger often does no good to the situation.
D．Anger can do something good in most cases.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“With the exception of a few extreme circumstances an angry reaction rarely improves the situation or helps us change our mind.”可知除了少数极端情况外，愤怒的反应很少能改善情况，或帮助我们改变主意。故选C。
27．How should we respond to others’ misbehavior according to the second paragraph?
A．Criticize it sharply.
B．Complain about it.
C．Leave it as it is.
D．Understand and accept it.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Compassion，consisting of both understanding and empathy，can be a perfect solution to anger.”可知同情包括理解和感同身受是愤怒的完美解决方案。故选D。
28．What’s the best title of the passage?
A．Alternative Responses to Anger
B．The Bad Effects of Anger
C．The Causes of Frequent Anger
D．The Risk of Getting Angry
答案 A
解析 标题归纳题。本文主要讨论了当生活变得不如意时，可以用其他的方式来化解愤怒，比如：同情包括理解和感同身受，此外幽默也是缓解愤怒的有力工具。故选A。
Ⅳ.七选五
Modern life is making us lonelier，and recent research indicates that this may be the next biggest public health issue following obesity and substance abuse. 29 Changes in modern society are considered to be the cause.We live in nuclear family units，often living large distances away from our extended family and friends，and our growing reliance on social technology rather than facetoface interaction is thought to be making us feel more isolated(孤立的)．
30 Relocating to a new area，losing a loved one，and starting a course at university are all key times when people feel lonely.Some people believe this experience of loneliness motivates us to reconnect with others and to seek out new friendships to reduce the “social pain” that we feel. 31 But for some，when reconnection is not easy or not possible and a person is socially isolated，he can remain in this uncomfortable loneliness state for a number of years，which is linked to poor mental health.
There are a number of misunderstandings regarding those who experience loneliness.Certainly all of us feel it from time to time. 32 They may be socially isolated due to decreased mobility and loss of friends and partners.But it is not often acknowledged that loneliness also affects people at all ages，including children，and is particularly common in the teenage years.
Another myth(谬见) is that loneliness is typically associated with being alone，but it also affects people when they are surrounded by others and well connected socially. 33
A．They think it is useful to us.
B．So why are we getting lonelier?
C．Loneliness affects all of us at some point in our lives.
D．But how on earth can we get rid of this upsetting “friend”？
E．Loneliness almost accompanies us all the time and everywhere.
F．But it is commonly known that loneliness particularly affects the elderly.
G．This is because loneliness is about the quality not the quantity of relationships.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。孤独可能是继肥胖和药物滥用后的又一大公共健康问题，文章就此对“孤独”进行了解读。
29．答案 B
解析 设空处位于段中，为上下文衔接句。空前提到孤独可能是继肥胖和药物滥用后的又一大公共健康问题，空后提到现代社会的变化被认为是这一问题的原因；所以此处应选B项“那么，我们为什么越来越孤独？”；B项在此处起到承上启下的作用，该项中的“getting lonelier”承接了上文，且空后句中的“the cause”正是对B项中的“why”的回答。
30．答案 E
解析 设空处位于段首，起开启下文的作用。空后句提到搬迁到一个新地区、失去一个心爱的人、在大学里开始一门课程，这些都是人们感到孤独的主要时刻。E项“孤独几乎随时随地都伴随着我们”符合此处语境；该项中的“all the time”与空后句中的“key times”相呼应。
31．答案 A
解析 设空处位于段中，为上下文衔接句。空前句提到有些人认为这种孤独的经历促使我们重新与他人建立联系，寻找新的友谊来减少我们所感受到的“社会痛苦”，由此可知，一些人对孤独的看法是积极的；而根据空后的“But”可知，下文说的是另一些人对孤独的消极看法。因此A项“他们认为这对我们有用”符合语境，对空前句进行承接，并且与下文形成对比。
32．答案 F
解析 设空处位于段中，为上下文衔接句。上文提到人们对那些经历孤独的人有很多误解，且我们每个人时常都能感受到这一点。空后句说到他们可能因为行动不便和失去朋友、伴侣而被社会隔离。因此F项“但众所周知，孤独尤其影响老年人”符合语境；空后句中的“They”指代的就是F项中的“the elderly”。
33．答案 G
解析 设空处位于段尾，起承接上文的作用。空前句说另一个谬见是独处会令人感到孤独，但当人们周围有很多朋友且社会关系良好时，也会感到孤独。因此G项“这是因为孤独与人际关系的质量有关，而不是与人际关系的数量有关”符合语境，对空前句进行解释说明。
Ⅴ.完形填空
Whenever I felt disappointed I often thought of what my mother had said to me，“Everything happens for the best.If you 34 ，one day something good will happen.And you’ll realize that it wouldn’t have happened if not for that previous 35 .”
As it 36 ，mother was right.In 1932，I ended my college life. 37 that，I had decided to try for a job in radio，and then could work my way up to sports 38 .I went to Chicago and knocked on the door of every 39 and got turned down every time.In one station，a 40 lady told me that big stations couldn’t risk hiring a person who lacked 41 .“Go to 42 town and find a little station that will give you a chance，” she said.I then 43 to Dixon.While there was no radioannouncing jobs in Dixon，my father said Montgomery Ward had opened a store and wanted an athlete to 44 its sports department.Since Dixon was where I had played high school football，I 45 .The job sounded just right for me.But I wasn’t 46 .
My disappointment must have 47 .“Everything happens for the best，” Mom 48 me.Dad offered me one car for me to job hunt.I 49 WOC Radio in Davenport.The program 50 ，a wonderful Scotsman named Peter MacArthur，told me they had already 51 a contract with another announcer.
Seeing my frustration(挫折) boiling over，Peter asked if I knew anything about football and let me 52 an imaginary game.I did well，and Peter told me I would be broadcasting Saturday’s game!
I often 53 what direction my life might have taken if I’d gotten the job at Montgomery Ward and if I didn’t persist.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要围绕母亲的教导“一切都会好的”展开叙述，告诉我们不要畏惧困难和挫折，只要坚持，一切都会往好的方向发展。
34．A.go on B．hold up
C．look on D．stay up
答案 A
解析 根据句意“如果你坚持下去，总有一天会有好事发生”可知，A项go on“继续，坚持”符合语境。
35．A.successes B．disappointments
C．lives D．results
答案 B
解析 根据本段第一句“Whenever I felt disappointed...”可知选择B项，disappointment失望，与“disappointed”相照应。
36．A.carried out B．looked out
C．figured out D．turned out
答案 D
解析 carry out实施；look out小心，向外望；figure out弄明白；turn out结果是，证明是。根据下文作者给出自己的经历可知，此处指就像结果表明的那样，母亲是正确的。故选D项。
37．A.Since B．After
C．Before D．During
答案 C
解析 根据上下文内容及后面的had decided可知，作者在大学毕业之前就决定去找一份播音员的工作。故选C项。
38．A.announcer B．athlete
C．hostess D．performer
答案 A
解析 根据下文的“While there was no radioannouncing jobs in Dixon”及“...with another announcer”可知选A项。
39．A.firm B．station
C．store D．school
答案 B
解析 根据下文“In one station(在一家电台)”，且station也是后文重复出现的词，可知答案为B项。
40．A.beautiful B．kind
C．strict D．cruel
答案 B
解析 根据此处语境并结合常识可知，能告诉作者碰壁原因的人应该是和蔼善良的人。故选B项。
41．A.money B．knowledge
C．appearance D．experience
答案 D
解析 根据常识及语境可知，大的电台不可能冒险聘用缺乏工作经验(experience)的新播音员。故选D项。
42．A.down B．small
C．big D．faraway
答案 B
解析 根据上文的“I went to Chicago...got turned down every time.”可知作者在大城市找工作每次都遭到拒绝；再根据空后的“...and find a little station”可推测出这个好心人是告诉他到小城镇去找小的电台去尝试。故选B。
43．A.walked B．saw
C．added D．turned
答案 D
解析 根据上下文可知作者从芝加哥转向到了迪克森。故选D项。
44．A.run B．buy
C．sell D．show
答案 A
解析 根据语境可知，父亲说蒙哥马利·沃德开了一家商店，想聘请一个运动员去经营体育用品部，由此可知选A项，run经营，管理。
45．A.refused B．applied
C．managed D．yelled
答案 B
解析 根据下文“The job sounded just right for me.(这个工作听起来正适合我)”可知作者去申请(apply)了这份工作。
46．A.fired B．employed
C．fitted D．satisfied
答案 B
解析 fire解雇；employ雇佣；fit适合；satisfy使满意。根据下文的“My disappointment...”可知作者没有被录用。故选B项。
47．A.disappeared B．fallen
C．shown D．responded
答案 C
解析 根据后文母亲说的“一切都会好的”可推测出作者的失落情绪显现(show)了出来。故选C项。
48．A.reminded B．persuaded
C．advised D．recited
答案 A
解析 remind提醒，使想起；persuade劝服；advise建议；recite背诵。根据语境可知是母亲提醒作者说“一切都会好的”。故选A。
49．A.visited B．tried
C．passed D．poured
答案 B
解析 根据下文的“The program...told me they had already...”可知，作者尝试(申请)了WOC广播公司。故try sth.意为“尝试某事”，符合语境。
50．A.boss B．singer
C．photographer D．director
答案 D
解析 节目负责人(主管)告诉作者他们已经与另外一个播音员签了约。故选D项，director意为“主管，负责人”，符合语境。
51．A.signed B．assigned
C．designed D．resigned
答案 A
解析 sign签约；assign分配，指派；design设计；resign辞职。本句指的是他们已经与另外一个播音员签了约。故选A项。
52．A.watch B．coach
C．broadcast D．play
答案 C
解析 根据第二段中的“I had decided to try for a job in radio”和空后的“an imaginary game”可知，这里是Peter为了考验作者的能力，先让他播报一场虚拟的比赛。后面的“I would be broadcasting Saturday’s game”也暗示了此空的答案。
53．A.doubted B．wondered
C．intended D．expected
答案 B
解析 作者经常想知道(wonder)，如果自己在蒙哥马利·沃德被录用的话，如果自己没能坚持的话，自己现在的生活方向应该是什么。
Ⅵ.语法填空
The Water Splashing(泼) Festival of the Dai ethnic minority(少数民族) falls in April.It is the most important festival 54. (observe) by the Dai people in the Dehong area of Xishuangbanna，Yunnan Province.It is the New Year for the Dai，a festival to send off the old and greet the new.
During the festival 55. lasts three or four days，people are dressed in their best clothes and participate in a variety of rich and colorful 56. (activity)．Dragon boat racing，fireworks displays and other performances such as Peacock dance 57. (hold) on the first day.And the most popular event 58. (be) watersplashing on the second day.People splash water on each other，hoping to take away sicknesses and disasters.The wetter you get，the 59.
(lucky) you will be.The last day is usually for the young people to play games as a way 60.
(express) their love for each other.
The Water Splashing Festival 61. (vivid) exhibits the Dai’s respect for water and the culture of music and dance，food，and costumes.It is also a cultural bridge 62.
Xishuangbanna and Southeast Asian countries that share 63. same festival culture of watersplashing.
语篇解读 泼水节是傣族以及东南亚部分国家和地区的传统节日，更是傣族的新年，表达了对水的尊重。
54．答案 observed
解析 考查非谓语动词。句意为：它是云南省西双版纳德宏地区傣族人庆祝的最重要的节日。句中已有系动词is，空格前没有连词，故用非谓语动词形式。festival与动词observe之间为动宾关系，故此处用过去分词作定语。故填observed。
55．答案 which/that
解析 考查定语从句。句意为：在持续三四天的节日期间，人们穿上最好的衣服，参加各种丰富多彩的活动。分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句。先行词是festival，指物，在从句中作主语，故填which/that。
56．答案 activities
解析 考查名词复数。此处的activity指娱乐性活动，为可数名词，前面由a variety of rich and colorful修饰，故填activities。
57．答案 are held
解析 考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致。此处陈述客观情况，故用一般现在时。主语为Dragon boat racing，fireworks displays and other performances，是复数，故谓语动词用复数。主语和hold之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。故填are held。
58．答案 is
解析 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处是陈述一般性的情况，故用一般现在时。主语the most popular event为单数，对应的系动词也应为单数。故填is。
59．答案 luckier
解析 考查形容词的比较等级。句意为：你被淋得越湿，你越幸运。the＋形容词/副词比较级．..，the＋形容词/副词比较级．..“越……越……”。此处作系动词be的表语，故填luckier。
60．答案 to express
解析 考查非谓语动词。a way to do sth.做某事的方法，是固定结构。故填to express。
61．答案 vividly
解析 考查副词。句意为：泼水节生动形象地展示了傣族人对水的尊敬以及音乐、舞蹈、食物和服装的文化。设空处修饰动词exhibits，应用副词。故填vividly。
62．答案 between
解析 考查介词。between...and...在……和……之间，为固定搭配。故填between。
63．答案 the
解析 考查冠词。句意为：它也是西双版纳与有相同泼水节文化的东南亚国家之间的一座文化桥梁。“the same＋名词”为固定搭配，意为“相同的……”，故填the。
Ⅶ.读后续写
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
(2019·浙江 “五校联考”第二次考试)
Ali and his younger sister，Zahra，lived with their parents in a poor neighborhood.Their mother was very sick and their father was struggling to find a job，and they had only a little money with which to buy food.As they had not paid the rent for several months，the landlord was breathing down their necks.
One day，Ali took Zahra’s shoes to a shoe repairman to make them fixed，but he lost them on the way home.It wasn’t until he got home that he realized he had lost the shoes.He was afraid that his parents would be angry and disappointed，so he begged his sister to keep it secret.Zahra agreed and the two decided to share Ali’s running shoes.Zahra’s school hours were in the morning，so she would wear them first.After school，she would rush back and give them to Ali.He could then run to his school，which began in the afternoon.Although he ran as fast as he could，Ali often arrived late and was warned by the teacher.
Ali heard about a long distance race that was held for the boys in the city.When he learned that the third prize was a new pair of shoes，he decided to take part.He ran home excitedly and promised his sister that he would win her the new shoes.
The day of race arrived.Ali had a strong start，but halfway through the race he began to get tired and his legs began to ache.Getting more and more exhausted，he thought only of Zahra and his promise to her.Dreaming of the new shoes he would win for his sister gave him strength，and he stayed right behind the two fastest runners，determined to finish third.Suddenly，as the finish line drew near，another runner collided(碰撞) with Ali from behind and he crashed to the ground.
注意：
1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1：
Ali looked up and saw the other boys rushing ahead.
Paragraph 2：
Filled with delight，Ali walked home quickly.
参考范文
Ali looked up and saw the other boys rushing ahead.Refusing to give up at this point，he jumped to his feet and ran as fast as he could.He dashed across the finish line and won the fourth prize.Thinking he would let her sister down，Ali couldn’t help sobbing.Just then he suddenly heard the announcement from the broadcast that he won the third prize as the runner who collided with Ali was disqualified for breaking the rule.Holding the shoes close to his chest during the award ceremony，Ali felt overjoyed and relieved as he eventually won the shoes for his sister.
Filled with delight，Ali walked home quickly. He could not wait to see his sister and share the thrilling news.On his arrival，Ali found Zahra was waiting outside.She was really nervous whether her brother had brought her what she was expecting.“Zahra，see what I have got for you！” He took the prize out of his bag with his trembling hands.The instant Zahra saw the shoes，her face lit up.So thrilled was she that she threw herself at Ali.“Thank you! Ali.” Tears of joy welled up their eyes as the brother and sister hugged tightly together.
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