2019版高考英语一轮优化探究（话题部分）练习：话题12 必修2 Unit 3 Computers(含解析)

Ⅰ.阅读理解ABest of British: Service StationsBrockholes Nature Reserve ServicesM6，PRESTON“Our service station is different from any other service station you're going to stop at on any of the motorways in the UK，” says manager Alan Right.He's not lying.Brockholes is distinctive in that the whole facility floats on a 4,000­foot pontoon (浮码头) in the middle of a lake.What's more，there's a bakery on site—so you can reward yourself with the “cake of the week” after a walk.Gloucester ServicesM4，BROOK THORPEOrdinarily，the  most  you  can  expect  of service­station  food  is a  fast­food  burger，or sugar­filled packaged goods.Not so at Gloucester Services.Located in a county known for its agriculture，this service station puts local produce at the fore(在前面)．The farm shop offers regional cheeses and the café serves up some of the best home­made cake around.Cairn Lodge ServicesM74，DOUGLASThis was recently named the cheapest service station in the country，and that's not even the best thing about it; next to the station is an authentic ancient fortress (城堡)．Douglas Castle is small and largely in ruins，but wandering around it makes for an enjoyable way to stretch your legs.The service station was privately owned until 2014，when it was acquired by Westmorland.The company has made a point of ensuring the food is to its trademark first­rate standard.Yorkshire Sculpture Park Service StationM1，YORKSHIREThis station could beat some of the nation's best galleries，and—since you're already driving somewhere—you don't even have to go out of your way to see it.The 500 acres of carefully managed parkland are home to open­air displays from some of the world's finest artists.Walk along the trails and you'll come across breathtaking sculptures，and splendid views.[语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了英国四个有名的服务区。1．Why is Brockholes Nature Reserve Services unique?A．It serves tasty cake.B．It is surrounded by water.C．It is the cheapest of its kind.D．It offers breathtaking scenery.解析：细节理解题。根据Brockholes Nature Reserve Services介绍中的Our service station is different from any other service station和He's not lying.Brockholes is distinctive in that the whole facility floats on a 4,000­foot pontoon(浮码头) in the middle of a lake可知，这一服务区最显著的特色是其建在湖中的浮码头上。答案：B2．How is the food served at Gloucester Services?A．It is fast food.B．It lacks variety.C．Most of it tastes sweet.D．Most of it is from the markets nearby.解析：细节理解题。根据Gloucester Services介绍中的this service station puts local produce at the fore和regional可知，该服务区的食品以当地的食材制作的为主。答案：D3．Where can you enjoy the view of an ancient building?A．Gloucester Services.B．Cairn Lodge Services.C．Brockholes Nature Reserve Services.D．Yorkshire Sculpture Park Service Station.解析：细节理解题。根据Cairn Lodge  Services介绍中的next to the  station is an authentic ancient fortress (城堡)可知答案。答案：BBI was born on the 17th of November 1828, in the village of Nam Ping, which is about four miles southwest of the Portuguese Colony (殖民地) of Macao, and is located on Pedro Island lying west of Macao, from which it is separated by a channel of half a mile wide.As early as 1834, an English lady, Mrs. Gutzlaff, wife of a missionary to China, came to Macao. Supported by the Ladies' Association in London for the promotion of female education in India and the East, she immediately took up the work of starting a girls' school for Chinese girls, which was soon followed by the opening of a boys' school.Mrs. Gutzlaff's comprador (买办) happened to come from my village and was actually my father's friend and neighbor. It was through him that my parents heard about Mrs.  Gutzlaff's school and it was doubtlessly through his influence and means that my father got me admitted into the school. It has always been a mystery to me why my parents should put me into a foreign school, instead of a traditional Confucian school, where my big brother was placed. Most certainly such a step would have been more suitable for Chinese public opinion, taste, and the wants of the country than to allow me to attend an English school. Moreover, a Chinese belief is the only avenue in China that leads to political promotion, influence, power and wealth. I can only guess that as foreign communication with China was just beginning to grow, my parents hoped that it might be worthwhile to put one of their sons to learn English. In this way he might become an interpreter and have a more advantageous position to enter the business and diplomatic world.  I am wondering if that influenced my parents to put me into Mrs.Gutzlaff's School. As to what other sequences it has eventually brought about in my later life, they were entirely left in the hands of God.[语篇解读]　本文主要讲述了作者在澳门就读于一所外国人开办的男子学校的故事。4．How was the author admitted to Mrs. Gutzlaff's school?A．Through his father's request.B．Through his father's friend's help.C．Through his own efforts to exams.D．Through Mrs. Gutzlaff's influence.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“It was through him that my parents heard about Mrs.Gutzlaff's school and it was doubtlessly through his influence and means that my father got me admitted into the school.”可知，作者是通过父亲的朋友的影响和帮助才上的Mrs.Gutzlaff的学校。答案：B5．Why did the author's parents put him into an English school?A．It met with Chinese public opinion.B．An English school was more influential.C．He could become a successful interpreter.D．Foreign trade with China was developing fast.解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的倒数第三句“In this way he might become an interpreter and have a more advantageous position to enter the business and diplomatic world.”可知，作者的父母让他上英语学校可能是因为想让他做一名翻译，以后能在外贸和外交环境中有一定的工作优势。答案：C6．What did the author think of his parents' decision to put him into an English school?A．It was skeptical.　 B．It was wonderful.C．It was thoughtful. D．It was mysterious.解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段的第三句“It has always been a mystery to me why my parents should put me into a foreign school，instead of a traditional Confucian school，where my big brother was placed.”可知，作者至今还不太明白家人把他送到英语学校读书的原因。答案：D7．What does the underlined word “sequences” in the last sentence probably mean?A．Results.  B．Order.C．Tricks. D．Progress.解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“it has eventually brought about in my later life，they were entirely left in the hands of God.”可知，上了这个英语学校之后的事情，都不是父母所能掌控的，由此可推知，此处讲的是这件事的后果。答案：AⅡ.阅读七选五Do People Need Small Talk to Be Happy?Psychologists (心理学家) have long said that connecting with others is an important part of happiness, but just how much conversation we require is under examination.  In one study，researchers found that small talk made up only 10% of their conversation related to happiness.　1　 Scientists believe that small talk could promote bonding. Late last year, Princeton researchers reported that small talk keeps closeness with loved ones, and isn't merely the stuff of awkward exchanges with strangers.     Still, chatting with strangers could brighten your morning.In a series  of  experiments,  psychologists  gave  Chicago passengers different directions about whether to talk with fellow passengers—something they typically avoided.　2　 None of the chatters reported being rejected.Small talk can also help us feel connected with our surroundings. People who smiled at, made eye contact with，and briefly spoke with their Starbucks baristas (服务员)reported a greater sense of belonging than those who rushed through the transaction (交易)．　3　 One report found that when volunteers broke the silence to chat with gallery goers, the visitors felt happier and more connected with the exhibit than those who were not approached.　4　 In one study, people who were rated “less curious” by researchers had trouble getting a conversation rolling on their own, and had greater luck building closeness with others when they were supplied with questions that encouraged personal disclosure (透露). But people who were considered “curious” needed no help when transforming conversations about ordinary things into personal exchanges.　5　A．The same is true of gallery goers.B．But don't play down small talk just yet.C．They found that small talk is related to happiness.D．Those told to chat with others reported a more pleasant journey.E．Making small talk is an important skill for all the social situations.F．A “curious mindset”， the author concluded, can lead to “positive social interactions”．G．Of course, some people are better than others at turning small talk into something bigger.[语篇解读]　本文主要讲述了闲聊会让人开心。1．解析：根据上文的“In one study，researchers found that small talk made up only 10%of their conversation related to happiness.”和下文的“Scientists believe that small talk could promote bonding.”可知，此处表示转折关系，B项中but与前文中only形成转折关系，所以选B项。但是，不要贬低闲聊的重要性。答案：B2．解析：根据下文的“None of the chatters reported being rejected.”可推知，D项中的Those指代上文中的passengers，所以应选D项。那些被要求去和陌生人聊天的乘客说旅途更加愉快。答案：D3．解析：根据下文的“chat with gallery goers”可知，应选A项。参观美术馆的人也有同样的感受。答案：A4．解析：根据本段中对两类人的介绍可推知，有些人更擅长把聊天话题扩大，所以选G项。答案：G5．解析：根据上文的“But people who were considered‘curious’ needed no help when transforming conversations about ordinary things into personal exchanges.”可推知，F项承接上文，具有好奇心的人会与他人进行积极的社交互动，所以选F项。答案：FⅢ.语法填空Sending gifts varies greatly from country to country.In Australia，Canada，the United States 1.             European countries，sending gifts is rarely expected.While seen as a nice gesture，it is more important to avoid 2.             (give)highly personal gifts such as clothing.When visiting the home of a colleague from one of these 3.             (country)，it is normally appropriate to bring a gift to the hostess.In America，4.             (expense)gifts are definitely out.A good 5.             (choose) is to take the deserving person to dinner，or to 6.           entertainment or a sporting event.7.             the contrary，gift giving is a traditional custom in Japan.In Japan  the proper gift is thought 8.             (express)the giver's true friendship，gratitude and respect far 9.            (well)than words can.So if you plan to visit Japan or to have any Japanese visit you here，be prepared.Australia is known for its friendliness and informality.So modest gifts，such as a diary，a paperweight，or a coffee cup might 10.             (present) to a friend.At a trade show，T­shirts，ties，baseball caps，or a pin may be appropriate souvenirs.Anything more than these types of gifts could cause embarrassment.[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国、日本和澳大利亚等国不同的送礼物习惯。1．解析：考查连词。根据空前的“Australia，Canada，the United States”和空后的“European countries”可知，空处前后为并列关系。故用并列连词and。答案：and2．解析：考查动名词。avoid doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“避免做某事”，故填giving。答案：giving3．解析：考查名词的数。根据空前的these可知，可数名词country应当用复数形式。答案：countries4．解析：考查形容词。空处修饰后面的名词gifts，故用形容词形式。答案：expensive5．解析：考查名词。根据空前的形容词good和不定冠词A可以判断，空处应用名词的单数形式。答案：choice6．解析：考查不定冠词。该处泛指“一次娱乐活动”，entertainment的读音以元音音素开头，故用an。答案：an7．解析：考查固定搭配。on the contrary为固定搭配，意为“与此相反”。答案：On8．解析：考查动词不定式。此处表示“在日本，恰当的礼物被认为表达了送礼物者真正的友谊”。be thought to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“被认为做了某事”，故用动词不定式。答案：to express9．解析：考查比较级。根据空后的than可知，该处用well的比较级。答案：better10．解析：考查被动语态。该句主语modest gifts和动词present之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。答案：be presented