2019版高考英语一轮优化探究（话题部分）练习：话题1 必修5 Unit 4 Making the news(含解析)

Ⅰ.阅读理解AAfter the earthquake had stopped，when the rescuers reached the ruins of a young woman's house，they saw her dead body through the cracks.But her pose was somehow strange that she knelt on her knees like a person was worshiping(做礼拜)；her body was leaning forward，and her two hands were supported by an object.The collapsed house had crashed her back and her head.With so many difficulties，the leader of the rescue team put his hand through a narrow gap on the wall to reach the woman's body.He was hoping that this woman could be still alive.However，the cold  and stiff body told him that she had passed away for sure.He and the rest of the team left this house and were going to search the next collapsed building.For some reasons，the team leader was driven by compelling force to go back to the ruined house of the dead woman.Again，he knelt down and used his hand through the narrow cracks to search the little space under the dead body.Suddenly，he screamed with excitement，“A child！There is a child！”The whole team worked together; carefully they removed the piles of ruined objects around the dead woman.There was a 3­month­old little boy wrapped in a flowery blanket under his mother's dead body.Obviously，the woman had made a sacrifice for saving her son.When her house was falling，she used her body to make a cover to protect her son.The little boy was still sleeping peacefully when the team leader picked him up.The medical doctor came quickly to exam the little boy.After he opened the blanket，he saw a cell phone.There was a text message on the screen.It said，“If you can survive，you must remember that I love you.”This cell phone was passing around from one hand to another.Everybody that read the message wept.“If you can survive，you must remember that I love you.”Such is the mother's love for her child![语篇解读]　本文为一篇记叙文。作者讲述了一个感人的真实故事。在地震中一位普通而又伟大的母亲在危难时刻为自己的孩子开辟了一条生命通道，她把死留给了自己，把生留给了自己的孩子。1．Why did the leader of the rescue team decide to leave the house?A．He didn't notice the woman.B．He knew the woman was dead.C．He left to ask for help.D．The gap was too narrow for his hand to get through.解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句“However，the cold and stiff body told him that she had passed away for sure.”及第三段第一句“He and the rest of the team left this house and were going to search the next collapsed building.”可知答案为B项。答案：B2．The reason why the woman died in such a strange pose was that         .A．she tried to protect her baby with her own bodyB．the earthquake happened when she was worshipingC．her knees were severely injuredD．her hands were supported by an object解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“Obviously，the woman had made a sacrifice for saving her son.When her house was falling，she used her body to make a cover to protect her son.”可知答案为A项。答案：A3．What can be the best title for the passage?A．A strange pose in the ruinsB．A mother's love in the ruinsC．A rescue team's struggleD．A heart­breaking scene解析：标题归纳题。本文讲述了地震中的一位母亲用自己的生命保护了自己的孩子，由此可见本文的最佳题目为：废墟里的母爱。故答案为B项。答案：B  BIn the movie Alice in Wonderland，Alice comes across a Cheshire cat and asks the cat which road she should take.The cat responds，“Well，that depends on where you're trying to get to.”Alice replies，“I don't know.” The cat responds，“Then any road will do.”You see，knowing where you're going increases your chances dramatically of getting there，and there is no better way of “GETTING THERE” than setting your goals for the upcoming year.Think of your goals as destinations and the action steps as your GPS guiding and directing you.If you are like many other people，for years you have resisted the need to set goals and even laughed at the thought that setting goals and，even more importantly，committing them to writing have positive effects on your life. However，a closer look might convince you that setting goals is a sensible thing to do.In 1979，a class of Harvard MBA students were asked：Have you set clear，written goals for your future and made an action plan to accomplish them? The following will astonish you.Only 3 percent of the class had written goals and a plan in place,13% just had goals，and an amazing 84% had no specific goals at all.Ten years later，the members of the class were interviewed once again and the following results will no doubt give the reason for our setting goals.The findings were that the 13% who had goals were earning，on average，twice as much as the 84% who had no goals at all.And the 3 percent who had clear，written goals with a plan to achieve them were achieving ten times as much as the entire 97% combined.Goal setting will increase your chances of arriving successfully at your destination.Remember，always set SMART goals.Goals should be: Specific，Measurable，Attainable，Relevant，and Time­bound![语篇解读]　本文为一篇议论文。设定适当的目标并有具体的行动计划可以增加你成功的可能性。4．Why does the author mention Alice in Wonderland?A．To introduce the topic.B．To recommend it to readers.C．To show its popularity.D．To criticize those with no goals.解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中作者引用的电影台词和第二段中的“You see，knowing where you're going increases your chances dramatically of getting there”可知，作者提到这部电影是为了引出下文，即文章的主题。故A项正确。答案：A5．What does the underlined word “them” refer to?A．Action steps.　　　　 B．People.C．Goals. D．Effects.解析：代词指代题。本句结构比较复杂，且committing在这里的意思也会给考生理解文章意思带来困难。commit除了表示“做出(错事或非法的事)，自杀”之外，还有“用纸记下，书写”的意思，此处表示“设定目标，且甚至更重要的是，把目标记下来”，故them指的应是goals。答案：C6．What did the second interview find out?A．People with goals earned the most.B．People with goals were certain to succeed.C．The income gap among students was bigger.D．Action helped with the realization of goals.解析：推理判断题。根据作者介绍的哈佛大学一个MBA班的学生的实验数据可知，有清晰的目标并且有实现目标的计划的学生十年后收入最高，并且远远超过了仅仅有目标的学生，故可推知，行动有助于目标的实现。答案：D7．Which of the following can best serve as the title?A．Why we set goalsB．How to set goalsC．How to be successfulD．What SMART goals are解析：标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知，整篇文章主要讲了设定目标的重要性，即为什么要设定目标，文中的哈佛大学MBA班的实验结果也说明了为什么要设定目标。所以A项正确。答案：AⅡ.阅读七选五Common­sense Safety Tips for Travelling AbroadWhen a holiday is just around the corner，you may be planning a trip abroad.But to enjoy a worry­free adventure abroad，you also should pay attention to the following common­sense safety tips for travelling abroad.　1Another reason to take only carry­on baggage—besides avoiding baggage fees—is that the less you have to carry around，the more quickly you can move，if necessary.You should always have a free hand.Besides，you won't be exhausted from dragging all those bags around.　2　Lock it up.Leave your hotel with only what you need and lock up the rest.Take a lock for your luggage just in case your hotel doesn't offer a safe.　3　 If you don't need all your cash and cards，don't take them all with you when you go out for a day of sightseeing or shopping.Also，leave your passport in the hotel.Make photocopies of all your important documents and leave the hotel with a copy of your passport plus one photo ID.Why？　4　 If all of your identification is in it，imagine the trouble you'll have to go through to replace it all.Think and plan.Always  keep in mind that，when you travel abroad，you are in a place you don't know well and you can always be a target.Trust your senses.　5　After your arrival，ask the hotel staff and locals about the areas you are thinking of visiting，especially at night.And you should walk in well­lit areas at night and know how to contact the local police with your cell phone or a payphone in a foreign country，if necessary.A．Travel light.B．Pay by credit card.C．Imagine having your bag stolen off a restaurant table.D．You should also make it a habit to take your watch with you.E．Plus，dragging lots of bags is a dead giveaway that you aren't a local resident.F．You should call ahead to be sure，especially if your luggage is made of cloth material.G．You are smart and mature，so if something or some situation doesn't feel safe，it probably isn't.[语篇解读]　本文主要介绍了国外旅游的安全常识。1．解析：根据下文的“Another reason to take only carry­on baggage—besides avoiding baggage fees—is that the less you have to carry around，the more quickly you can move，if necessary.”可推知，出国旅游带的东西越少越好，要轻装上阵，所以选A项。答案：A2．解析：根据上文的“Besides，you won't be exhausted from dragging all those bags around.”可推知，拖很多行李有很多弊端，故选E项作补充说明。答案：E3．解析：根据上文的“Take a lock for your luggage just in case your hotel doesn't offer a safe.”可知，此处在讲对行李的处理办法，所以选F项。答案：F4．解析：根据下文的“If all of your identification is in it，imagine the trouble you'll have to go through to replace it all.”可推知，事先给自己的重要证件复印很重要，因此可推知空前讲的应该是假设你的包被偷了，所以选C项。答案：C5．解析：根据上文的“Trust your senses.”可推知，要相信自己的直觉，尤其是安全方面的，所以选G项。答案：GⅢ.语法填空Chinese are the first people to have tea.One thousand and two hundred years ago，Lu Yu wrote a book called “The Classic of Tea”，1.            is honored as “ The Bible of Tea”．The book gives a detailed 2.            (explain) of the origin，the processing skills and the classification of tea.However，Chinese tea culture goes far beyond tea 3.            (it)．Take green tea for instance，the ideal temperature of the water should be around 80 degrees Celsius.If the water is too hot，nutrients (营养)  in the tea 4.            (destroy)．On the other hand，if the water is not hot enough，the tea 5.            (leaf) won't open and you will miss the pleasantly fresh flavor.So Chinese people are accustomed 6.            drinking hot tea.When you visit a Chinese friend，your friend will 7.            (constant) add hot water to your empty cup of tea.It is polite 8.            (offer) the tea cup to guests with both hands.Of course，the guests should pay respect as well，9.            (take)the cup with both hands.Talking about adding water to the tea cup，there is 10.            saying: Wine full，full cup.Tea half，half cup.For wine，the full cup symbolizes whole heartiness.For tea，the half cup means modesty.[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国茶文化的历史、喝热茶的原因、喝茶礼仪以及关于茶的俗语等。1．解析：考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“The Classic of Tea”，空处为关系词，指物，故填which。答案：which2．解析：考查名词。根据空前的detailed可知，空处被形容词修饰，故用explain的名词形式。答案：explanation3．解析：考查反身代词。句意：然而，中国的茶文化远超过茶本身。据此可知，空处用反身代词itself。答案：itself4．解析：考查动词的时态和语态。句意：如果水太热，茶叶中的营养将被破坏。根据句意可知，主语nutrients(营养)in the tea和动词destroy之间为被动关系，故用被动语态；根据该句结构可知，该句为复合句，在if引导的条件状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时，主句则用一般将来时，故空处用一般将来时的被动语态。答案：will be destroyed5．解析：考查名词的复数。根据常识可知，该处的茶叶为复数概念。答案：leaves6．解析：考查固定搭配。be accustomed to为固定搭配，意为“习惯于……”。答案：to7．解析：考查副词。根据空后的动词add可知，空处修饰该动词，故用副词形式。答案：constantly8．解析：考查动词不定式。分析该句结构可知，该句使用了“It＋is/was＋adj.＋to do sth.”的固定句式，It为形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。答案：to offer9．解析：考查现在分词。分析该句结构可知，空处作伴随状语，且take与其逻辑主语the guests之间是主谓关系，故用现在分词。答案：taking10．解析：考查冠词。该处泛指“一句俗语”，且saying的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。答案：a