2019版高考英语一轮优化探究（话题部分）练习：话题4 必修3 Unit 1 Festivals around the world(含解析)

Ⅰ.阅读理解AIn the tiny village of Angelica，New York，the  post office  is more than a place to get mail or send packages.There you'll find the heart of this lovely community.It's where villagers meet and greet friends.When Angelica's post office was threatened with being closed in the 1980s，a villager，Pat，came up with  a plan to  save it.“At Christmas time I would hear on the news about towns named Snow or Bethlehem having celebrations，”says Pat.“Why couldn't we do the same thing with Angelica？”Pat，who is an artist，created a postal cancellation(邮戳)design featuring an Angelica angel.She drew her angels in a traditional fashion and submitted her suggestion to the U．S.Postal Service.Once approved，the drawing was carved into a stamp cancellation that could be used for one day only.The postmistress(女邮局局长) then had another idea to make the day even more special—calling the post office Angel Station.The large increase in mail amount saved Angelica's post office from being closed and keeps the doors open today.Now it's tradition that on the first Friday in December，people come to Angelica to mail their Christmas cards.Each year the amount of mail going through the Angelica Post Office increases during late November and early December.Stamp collectors from around the world have accepted the Angel Station cancellation，some sending mail from as far away as France.Because the stamp is destroyed each season，Pat draws a new angel that conveys season's greetings from Angel Station every year.Post offices may close in other parts of the country，but this tiny one continues.[语篇解读]　纽约的一个小村庄Angelica的邮局即将被迫关闭，艺术家Pat提出新的想法，女邮局局长也给邮局更换了名字，从而使邮局正常运营下去。1．What did Pat do to save the post office?A．She invented a new cancellation.B．She hosted Christmas celebrations.C．She gave the office a better name.D．She designed a special set of stamps.解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句“Pat，who is an artist，created a postal cancellation(邮戳)design featuring an Angelica angel.”可知，Pat创造了一个邮戳，邮戳上是一个Angelica天使，故选A。答案：A2．Which of the following can best describe Pat?A．Curious and friendly.B．Stubborn and determined.C．Creative and warm­hearted.D．Humorous and intelligent.解析：推理判断题。通读文章可知，Pat为了Angelica的邮局不被关闭，创造一个新的邮戳来帮助邮局增加邮件数量，由此可知她是一个热心且具有创造性的人。答案：C3．What can we learn about Angelica's post office from the passage?A．It was completely closed in the 1980s.B．It is also the center of local social life.C．Its name has been changed many times.D．Its stamps remain the same each season.解析：推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“It's where villagers meet and greet friends.”可知，Angelica的邮局是村民会见朋友的地方，这说明Angelica的邮局是当地社交活动的中心，所以B项正确。答案：BBHelsinki is offering young people the chance to rent a cheap apartment in an old people's home, if they agree to spend time socializing with the elderly residents.The city council is seeking applications from renters under the age of 25 who will commit to spending between three and five hours each week with their older neighbours, at a care home in the eastern Laajasalo district.In exchange，they'll get a studio flat measuring 23 square meters with a private kitchen，bathroom and balcony for 250 euros per month.Currently only three flats are available，but the scheme is part of a wider effort to deal with a lack of accommodation for young people in the capital.Ordinarily a studio costs about 600 euros a month，depending on the area，one local university advises.Those who apply don't need any specific care experience.“There are staff to look after the elderly，”project manager Miki Mielonen tells Yle.“We are looking for young people who maybe have a different perspective on everyday life，who will bring variety and recreation to the elderly residents.”More than 60 people have applied for the spaces in less than a week，and the idea has also been widely recognized by Finns on social media.“Great project, hopefully it will spread to other areas，”writes one person on Facebook，while another applauds the scheme for bringing different generations together.But some wish it were open to more people，with one user saying：“It's a shame the flats are so small.It would have been nice if the elderly had a small family with children or a single parent as their neighbour.”And one person has a different opinion about the cut­off age，writing：“Shame I'm too old for this—I would have surely applied.”[语篇解读]　本文为一篇新闻报道。在芬兰赫尔辛基市，愿意在养老院陪伴老年人的年轻人可以很便宜地租到养老院的公寓楼。4．One can probably get the cheap apartment if he        .A．reaches the age of 25B．has financial problemsC．promises to accompany the elderlyD．agrees to share it解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“...who will commit to spending between three and five hours each week with their older neighbours，at a care home...”可知凡是在25岁以下愿意陪伴老人的年轻人都可以申请租用便宜的公寓楼，故答案为C项。答案：C5．Why is the new rent scheme accepted?A．It can benefit both the young and the old.B．It doesn't need any professional training.C．The flats are well­equipped.D．Big apartments are in short supply.解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“they'll get a studio flat measuring 23 square meters with a private kitchen，bathroom and balcony for 250 euros per month.”和第三段“Ordinarily a studio costs about 600 euros a month，depending on the area”可知年轻人可从此项新的租房计划中受益；根据第四段“...who will bring variety and recreation to the elderly residents”可知老年人也可从此项新的租房计划中受益，故答案为A项。答案：A6．What does the underlined sentence suggest?A．He doesn't want to grow up.B．He has a chance to apply again.C．He disapproves of the age limit.D．He applies for the flat without hesitation.解析：推理判断题。从画线句子可以看出说话者为自己超过了25岁这一年龄限制，不能申请租用公寓楼感到不满，故答案为C项。答案：C7．What would be the best title of the text?A．Young Finns offered cheap flats at a care homeB．New apartments designed for the elderlyC．A new approach to caring for the oldD．A good chance for the needy families解析：标题归纳题。本文围绕芬兰年轻人可在养老院便宜地租用公寓楼这一事件展开，故答案为A项。答案：AⅡ.阅读七选五How I trained myself to get up earlierI am not what you would call a morning person. I'm a writer.But getting up early has become really important for me.These are the techniques that I used to follow to learn to get up earlier：　1　In my case it is 6 am so that I could do a couple of hours，write my blog and catch up my email before everyone else started work.Promise myself a reward.I always wanted to learn shooting so I promised myself I would book a day's shooting if I got up early for a month.Get clothes，computer and breakfast ready the night before.　2　Alarm.I set my bedside alarm for 6 : 00. I also set my telephone to ring at 6 ：05 but I put the phone on the other side of the room so that I have to get out of bed to stop it ringing.Naps (打盹) and earlier nights. Sleep is like money in the bank.If you overdraw by getting up early，you have to pay in some other time.　3　 Also，in the long run，going to bed an hour or so earlier meant that I was getting the right amount of sleep.Talk big widely about your new early­birdiness.　4　 My friend Stuart says“We are the stories we tell about ourselves.”If I describe myself as a punctual，early­rising，efficient robot maybe that's what I'll become.To cut a long story short.It worked！I wake up at six，feel fresh and jump right out of bed without any alarms or bribery (贿赂)．　5A．This technique works every time.B．Decide what time I wanted to get up.C．Initially，I did this by having short naps after lunch.D．None of these is rocket science，but they are worth sharing.E．It makes you feel good to tell people “Oh，I get up at 6 am”．F．When I add blogs，it feels as if I have no free hours in the daytime.G．I don't want to fall over everything when doing basic tasks when I'm half­asleep.[语篇解读]　本文主要介绍了如何让自己养成早起的习惯。1．解析：根据空后的“In my case it is 6 am”可知，对我而言，这个时间就是6点。所以这一段的主题是确定想要起床的时间。答案：B2．解析：空前说到要将衣服、电脑和早餐这些东西提前准备好，故选G项。我不想在还没有完全清醒时笨手笨脚。G项中的basic tasks指代空前的“clothes，computer and breakfast”。答案：G3．解析：本段告诉我们睡眠的总时间要有保证，空前讲到提前起床失去的睡眠时间需要用其他时间来弥补。故选C项。最初，我通过午饭后小睡来弥补。答案：C4．解析：本段大意为到处宣传你起得很早对你能起到督促作用。故选E项。答案：E5．解析：本空为尾段，起到总结全文的作用。故选D项，这些建议并不难做，但值得被分享。答案：DⅢ.语法填空Have you ever noticed that you feel happier and more relaxed after you eat bread，pasta or fruit? Do you find that you are more energetic and awake after eating yogurt or beans？These things are not accidents.Food affects 1.             we feel more than we think.Scientists researching 2.             (it) effect on our moods are beginning to understand that we can influence our feelings with what we eat.Although our moods relate 3.             having various food，it is not quite as simple as choosing the food for the right occasions.If that 4.             (be) the case，athletes would not eat a lot of carbohydrates before a race.Another chemical 5.             (connect) with our moods is caffeine，which 6.             (find)  in coffee，chocolate and many types of tea，and it is perhaps the 7.             (bad) thing you can have when you are feeling stressed.Of course，8.             (enjoy)  a nice meal with friends，whatever we eat，can also impact our spirits.Being with friends and family plays a big part in experiencing happiness.Most 9.             (important)，though，remember the following old rule: try to eat different food，10.             not too much.[语篇解读]　我们所吃的食物会对我们的情绪有影响。因此，我们要尝试吃不同的食物，但是不要吃太多。1．解析：考查宾语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，由“we feel more than we think”可知，从句不缺成分；结合语境可以判断，应用疑问副词how引导该从句。答案：how2．解析：考查代词。由名词effect可知，应用形容词性物主代词its。答案：its3．解析：考查动词短语。relate to为固定搭配，意为“和……有关系”。答案：to4．解析：考查虚拟语气。根据该句中的“athletes would not eat a lot of carbohydrates before a race”可知，该句为虚拟语气，表示对目前情况的虚拟，故从句谓语动词用过去式were。答案： were5．解析：考查过去分词。chemical和connect为动宾关系，故用过去分词短语作后置定语。答案：connected6．解析：考查动词时态和语态。此处which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为caffeine，和find之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态；此处是对客观情况的描述，应用一般现在时。答案：is found7．解析：考查形容词最高级。根据空前的the及句意可知，空处应用bad的最高级worst。答案：worst8．解析：考查非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知，此处为动名词短语在句中作主语。答案：enjoying9．解析：考查副词。空处修饰全句，故用副词形式。答案：importantly10．解析：考查连词。根据语境可知，尝试吃不同的食物，但是不要吃太多。根据句意可知，空处应用转折连词。答案：but/yet