中考英语特色题型特训---阅读理解特训专题4 人物传记类
展开阅读理解特训专题4 人物传记类(一)阅读短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Wang Fengqin, a 61-year-old woman in Beijing, volunteers to sort(分类)rubbish in her living area in Beijing’s Chaoyang District.At 6:30 every morning ,while half of Beijing is still in sleeping dreams in bed or enjoying a delicious breakfast, Wang rushes through her busiest hours in the day. She gets up, gives her face a quick wash, takes a simple breakfast and rushes to the four rubbish dustbins beside the gate of her living area. There she checks the waste left by her neighbors to make sure it is sorted correctly.“Sorting rubbish will improve the environment for all of us and it only takes a minute,” Wang said.“I want to help my neighbors develop good habits.”As Wang spoke, an old man came by and threw a plastic bag full of rubbish into the dustbinmarked“recyclable”.“Hey, please, there are some orange peels（皮）and fish bones in your bag, so they are supposed to be put into the dustbin marked ‘kitchen waste’,” Wang told him.Learning the old man was in a hurry, Wang let him go, opened the bag herself, picked out the kitchen waste and threw it in the right dustbin.Wang Fengqin has been doing this every day from 7:30 a. m. to 9 a. m. and from 6 p. m. to 8 p. m. since March 10. She says people usually go downstairs and throw out rubbish at this time.Most people had no idea about sorting rubbish at first, but now 90 percent can put rubbish in the correct dustbin, Wang says. However, she plans to keep doing this job until all her neighbors sort correctly.根据短文内容，选择正确答案。( )1. When does Wang Fengqin usually get up in the morning? A. At 7:30. B. At 6:30. C. At 9. D. At 8.( )2.How many rubbish dustbins are there beside the gate of Wang Fengqin’ living area. A. Four. B. Five. C. Six. D. Seven.( )3. The old man didn’t sort his rubbish probably because .A. he was afraid of Wang B. he thought it was Wang’s jobC. he was in a hurry D. he didn't know where the dustbin was( )4. One shouldn’t put in the dustbin marked“kitchen waste”.A. orange peels B. broken toysC. terribly smelly food D. fish bones( )5. From the passage,we can say that Wang Fengqin is .A. always busy with her housework B. always careless to throw out rubbishC. very cruel to others D. warm-hearted and ready to help others(二)阅读短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Thomas Edison lit up the world with his invention of the electric light. Without him, the world might still be in the dark. However, the electric light was not his only invention. He also invented the motion picture camera and 1200 other things. About every two weeks he created something new. Thomas Edison was born in 1847. He attended school for only three months. His mother taught him at home, but Thomas was mostly self-educated. He started experimenting at a young age. When he was 12 years old, he got his first job. He became a newsboy on a train. He did experiments on the train in his spare time. Unluckily, his first work experience did not end well. They fired him when he accidentally set fire to the floor of the train. Then Edison worked for five years as a telegraph operator, but he continued to spend much of his time in experimenting his first patent(专利权) in 1868 for a vote recorder run by electricity. Thomas Edison was totally deaf in one ear and hard of hearing in the other, but he thought of his deafness as a blessing in many ways. It kept conversations short, so that he could have more time for work. He always worked 16 out of every 24 hours. Sometimes his wife had to remind him to sleep and eat.Thomas Edison died at the age of 84. He left a great many inventions that greatly improved the quality of life all over the world.( )1.How often did Edison make a new invention? A. About every fourteen days. B. About every seven days.C. About once a week. D. About twice a week.( )2.The underlined word “fired” in the passage means “__________” A.Gave somebody a job B. Set fire to somebody C. Let somebody down D. Forced somebody to leave his job( )3.Edison considered his deafness as______. A. something bad B. a gift from god C. a kind of ability D. a disadvantage ( )4.Which of the following sentence is NOT true according to the passage? A. Edison had only 8 hours rest each day after his deafness. B. Edison got his education mostly by self-teaching. C. Edison had his first job in 1869.D. Edison’s inventions greatly improved the quality of people’s life.( )5.What does the passage mainly talk about? A. The function of the electric light. B. Edison and his experiments. C. The importance of inventions. D. The whole life of Edison.(三)Americans will long remember President Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President of the United States.At the age of 19, Abraham Lincoln took a boat down the Ohio River to New Orleans. There Lincoln saw for the first time slaves being sold in the marketplace. At that time, Lincoln made up his mind to work to end slavery for the rest of his life.In 1836, Lincoln became a lawyer and was famous for being hard-working and honest. He believed that the US stood for freedom for all. He wanted to become a senator (参议员). In 1858, Lincoln debated(争论) against Stephen Douglas who was also a candidate for the Senate from Illinois.Because of the Lincoln-Douglas debates, Lincoln became known across the country. Then he decided to run for the presidency in 1860. At last he ran against Stephen Douglas and two other candidates. Lincoln took the oath(誓言) of office to become president of the United States on March 4, 1861. It was a difficult time to be president. Many southern states did not agree with Lincoln about canceling slavery, and declared(宣布) that they were no longer part of the US. The famous Civil War began in April, 1861. Lincoln’s Union Army fought the Southern Confederate Armies. Many soldiers were killed in the battles. One of the battles took place in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. In 1863, a ceremony was held to memorize the dead on the Gettysburg battlefield. Lincoln made a famous speech known as the Gettysburg Address.Unfortunately, Lincoln was shot while watching a play at Ford’s Theatre and passed away on the morning of April 15, 1865.根据短文内容，选择正确答案。( )1.Lincoln decided to work to end slavery because . A.he became a lawyer B.slaves were not sold in the marketplace C.he expected the freedom for all D.slaves mustn’t work for their lives( )2.What’s the meaning of the underlined word in Paragraph 3? A.自由人 B.候选人 C.州长 D.奴隶主( )3.Lincoln was elected to be the president of the US in . A.1858 B.1860 C.1861 D.1863( )4.The Civil War broke out in the US because . A.many southern states didn’t support Lincoln B.southern states were not a part of the US C.lincoln was shot at the theater D.many soldiers were killed in the battles( )5.Which of the following sentences is TRUE according to the passage? A.Lincoln passed away in the year of becoming a president. B.Slaves could be sold in the marketplaces after 1865. C.Stephen Douglas became famous for the speech in Gettysburg. D.Lincoln made a great contribution to ending the slavery.（四）Li Shizhen was born in 1518．His father was a poor doctor．Li Shizhen often saw that people became ill．He decided to study medicine so that he could help people．Li Shizhen read many books about medicine．He found that many of the old medicine books were full of mistakes．So his wish was to write a new one．He did his best to study medicine science．He studied not only the herbs(草药) in his own garden; but also the wild ones．He set out to collect herbs and talked with old peasants. He learned a lot from curing(治疗) patients. After many years of hard work and study, Li Shizhen finished his great work Ben Cao Gang Mu (《本草纲目》) ．At that time he was sixty．His book is now one of the greatest contributions of the Chinese people to the medicine science of the world．根据短文内容，选择正确答案。( )1. Li Shizhen's father was a _______． A.solider B.doctor C.teacher D.peasant ( )2. Li Shizhen decided to study medicine because he wanted to ________． A.become famous B.make a living C.get more money D.help the people who were ill( )3. Li Shizhen wanted to write a new medicine book because _________． A.he was a writer B.he was a doctor C.many medicine books were full of mistakes D.he liked writing books( )4. Ben Cao Gang Mu is _________． A.a medicine book B.a medicine worker C.a herb D.a dictionary( )5. Li Shizhen collected a lot of ___________on his long journeys． A.medicine B.living things C.plants D.herbs（五）Many people still remember the beautiful dance “Thousand-hand Guanyin” in the CCTV Spring Festival Party. The lead dancer of the dance is Tai Lihua.When Tai Lihua was two years old, she lost her hearing because of a fever, then she became mute (哑的), too. From then on, her world was silent. But she didn’t know this at first. At the age of five, when her schoolmates in kindergarten (幼儿园) played a game about sound, she discovered that she was different from others. She was very sad about it. Her father went to many places to look for the best treatments for her illness. But nothing worked. When she was seven years old, she went to a school for deaf and mute children. In that school, she did well in her studies. Her teacher said she was good at expressing her feelings through dance.She also began to love dance and dance became her favorite. She thought she could use dance to express what she thought about life. She worked hard at it and her hard work made her successful. She has been to many other countries to perform and many foreigners like her style.根据短文内容，判断正(T)误(F)。( )1.Doctors treated Tai Lihua’s illness well.( )2.Tai Lihua learnt dance in a dance school.( )3.Tai Lihua was mute when she was born.( )4.Tai Lihua found that she was different from others at the age of seven.( )5.Tai Lihua is successful because of work hard.（六）Pablo Picasso was born in Spain in 1881. His father was a painter and art teacher who gave his son the first lesson in drawing. He won a prize— “Science and Charity” for his first important painting when he was only fifteen. He studied in several cities in Spain. But there was no one to teach him all that he wanted to know. When he was nineteen, he visited Paris.Paris was then the center of the world for artists. Everything that was new and exciting in the world of paintings seemed to happen there. When he was twenty-three, Picasso moved there to live and lived in France for the rest of his life.When he was over ninety, this great painter still lived his life like a young man. He was still looking for new ideas and new ways to use his artistic materials.When he died in 1973, he was ninety-one years old.根据短文内容，选择正确答案。( )1.What did Pablo Picasso’s father do?A.A teacher. B.A painter.C.An artist. D.A painter and art teacher.( )2.What prize did he win when he was fifteen?A.Science and Painting. B.Science and Art.C.Science and Charity. D.Painting and Charity.( )3.Where was he born and where did he visit when he was nineteen?A.Paris and Spain. B.London and Paris.C.Spain and Paris. D.London and Spain.( )4.How old was he when he moved to Paris and how old was he when he died?A.Twenty-three and ninety. B.Twenty-three and ninety-one.C.Nineteen and ninety-one. D.Nineteen and ninety.( )5.What did he do when he was old?A.He lived his life like a young man.B.He looked for new ideas.C.He looked for new ways to use his artistic materials.D.All the above.（七）Leonardo da Vinci was born on April 15, 1452 in Italy. He is best known as an artist today. One of his famous paintings is called Mona Lisa. However, Leonardo had many other natural abilities. He was also a great inventor. Many of his inventions have become important in modern daily life.Although Leonardo hated war, he invented many different machines used for war. His most special invention was the machine gun, which was produced and used in war many years later.By watching the way birds fly, Leonardo tried to find out the secret of flying. Among his sketch (素描) we can see several objects. We consider them as modern flying machines.Leonardo spent many hours thinking about how to make good use of time. He developed ideas for labor-saving machines like cutting machines.Leonardo was a strange man. He didn’t eat any meat, which was very unusual in those times. He never published(发表) his ideas and scientific discoveries. He usually used mirror writing, which looks like writing in a mirror, starting from the right side of the page and moving to the left.We have very little of his work today. Leonardo finished only a few of his paintings. He left many unfinished because he thought they were not perfect. No one in his life time knew how great Leonardo was. We now believe, however, that he was one of the cleverest men the world has ever known.根据短文内容，选择正确答案。( )1. According to the passage, Leonardo is not only an artist but also . A. an inventor B. an engineer C. a writer D. a musician( )2. was Leonardo's most special invention.A. The mirror writing B. The cutting machine C. The machine gun D. The flying machine( )3. Leonardo was strange, for example, . A.he didn't eat any vegetables B. he usually used mirror writing C. he liked to publish his discoveries D. he enjoyed drawing flying machines ( )4. Leonardo invented some machines to . A.stop the war B. help paint pictures C. watch the birds D. make good use of time( )5. From the passage, we can learn that Leonardo was very . A. humorous B. serious C. clever D. lonely （八）Doctor Seuss was born in 1904. By the middle 1950s, he had become one of the best-loved and most successful children’s book writers in the world. His books are very popular with young readers. They enjoy the invented words and the pictures of unusual funny animals and plants.In 1954, life magazine published a report about school children who could not read. The report said many children’s books were not interesting. Doctor Seuss strongly hoped to help children and decided to write books that were interesting and easy to read. He used words with the same ending sound, like fish and wish. He did not receive training in art. Yet, he drew the pictures for most of his books.In 1957, Dr. Seuss wrote The Cat in the Hat. He used less than 230 words to write the book and even a six-year-old should be able to read it. It was a fun story and easy to read. Children loved it. Their parents loved it, too. Today it is still one of the stories they like best. The success of The Cat in the Hat made him want to write more books for children. In 1960, he wrote a book using less than fifty words. The book is called Green Eggs and Ham.In 1984, Doctor Seuss won a Pulitzer Prize(普利策奖). He was honored for the education and enjoyment his books provided American children and their parents.He died at the age of 87, but his influence remains. Millions of his books have been sold worldwide. People say his books helped change the way American children learned to read. Yet, his books are loved by people of all ages. Doctor Seuss once said, ＂I do not write for children. I write for people.＂1. Doctor Seuss learned from the magazine that ______________. A. some school children could not read B. many children’s books were interesting C. children wanted to learn to read D. a writer for children was wanted2. People like his books because the books ______________. A. are cheap and easy to get B. were written in different languages C. are easy and interesting to read D. were written with invented words3. He wrote the book The Cat in the Hat at the age of ______________. A. 50 B. 53 C. 56 D. 874. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Doctor Seuss wrote Green Eggs and Ham with over 230 words. B. Doctor Seuss wrote books only for children in the United States. C. The Cat in the Hat was written only for six-year-old children. D. His books provided education and enjoyment for Americans.5. From the text we know that Doctor Seuss ______________. A. won a Pulitzer Prize soon after his death B. sold millions of his books himself worldwide C. changed American children’s way of reading D. wrote the largest number of books in the world参考答案一、1—5 BACBD二、1—5 ADBCD三、1—5 CBCAD四、1—5BDCAD五、1—5FFFFT六、1—5DCCBD七、1—5 ACBDC八、1—5 ACBDC
