人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 5 Languages around the world教学设计

这是一份人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 5 Languages around the world教学设计，共25页。
课文


THE CHINESE WRITING SYSTEM:


CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT


China is widely knwn fr its ancient civilisatin which has cntinued all the way thrugh int mdern times, despite the many ups and dwns in its histry. There are many reasns why this has been pssible, but ne f the main factrs has been the Chinese writing system.


At the beginning, written Chinese was a picture-based language. It dates back several thusand years t the use f lnggu—animal bnes and shells n which symbls were carved by ancient Chinese peple. Sme f the ancient symbls can still be seen in tday's hanzi.


By the Shang Dynasty (arund 1600-1046 BCE), these symbls had becme a well-develped writing system. Over the years, the system develped int different frms, as it was a time when peple were divided gegraphically, leading t many varieties f dialects and characters. This, hwever, changed under Emperr Qinshihuang f the Qin Dynasty (221- -207 BCE).


Emperr Qinshihuang united the seven majr states int ne unified cuntry where the Chinese writing system began t develp in ne directin. That writing system was f great imprtance in uniting the Chinese peple and culture. Even tday, n matter where Chinese peple live r what dialect they speak, they can all still cmmunicate in writing.


Written Chinese has als becme an imprtant means by which China's present is cnnected with its past. Peple in mdern times can read the classic wrks which were written by Chinese in ancient times. The high regard fr the Chinese writing system can be seen in the develpment f Chinese characters as an art frm, knwn as Chinese calligraphy, which has becme an imprtant part f Chinese culture.


Tday, the Chinese writing system is still an imprtant part f Chinese culture. As China plays a greater rle in glbal affairs, an increasing number f internatinal students are beginning t appreciate China's culture and histry thrugh this amazing language.





中文书写系统:


连接过去和现在


中国以其一直延续到现代的古老文明而闻名，尽管在它的历史上有许多起起落落。这是可能的原因有很多，但其中一个主要的因素是中国的文字系统。


最初，书面中文是一种以图画为基础的语言。它可以追溯到几千年前的龙鼓使用-动物的骨头和贝壳上雕刻符号的古代中国人。在今天的汉字中还可以看到一些古代的符号。


到了商朝(约公元前1600-1046年)，这些符号已经成为一种非常发达的书写系统。随着时间的推移，这个系统发展成了不同的形式，因为那时人们在地理上是分开的，导致了许多不同的方言和汉字。然而，这种情况在秦朝(公元前221年-公元前207年)的秦始皇时期发生了改变。


秦始皇统一了七个主要国家成为一个统一的国家，中国的文字系统开始朝着一个方向发展。这种书写系统对于中国人民和文化的统一起到了重要的作用。即使在今天，无论中国人住在哪里，说什么方言，他们仍然可以用文字交流。


书面汉语也成为中国现在与过去联系的重要手段。现代的人们可以阅读古代中国人写的经典作品。人们对中国文字系统的高度重视可以从汉字作为一种艺术形式的发展中体现出来，即中国书法，它已经成为中国文化的重要组成部分。


今天，中国的书写系统仍然是中国文化的重要组成部分。随着中国在全球事务中扮演越来越重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过这门神奇的语言来欣赏中国的文化和历史。


base


vt.以……为根据 n．基部；基地；基础


[应试方向] 过去分词句式功能的考查


[教材P10] It was based mre n German than the English we speak at present.比起现在我们说的(英语)它更大程度上是以德语为基础的。


base A n B 把A建立在B的基础上


(sth.) be based n... 以……为基础


n the basis f 根据；在……的基础上


basic adj.基本的；基础的(做表语)


basically adv.基本上


[名师微语] 在作状语表示“基于……为背景(考虑)”时，常用的结构为：“based n...”；在作定语时表示“基于……的事物”时，也常用过去分词作后置定语，如：thery based n facts 基于事实的理论。


A．语法填空


①__________(base) an imprtant decisin mre n emtin than n reasn，yu will regret it sner r later.


[答案] Basing


②__________ (base) n my wn pinin，this ne is far better than that ne.


[答案] Based


③Thugh he has sme shrtcmings, He is __________(base) a nice persn.


[答案] basically


④(2014·湖南卷)Practise under the guidance f sme experienced writers and teachers wh can help yu with__________(base) writing skills.


[答案] basic


B．完成句子


⑤(2015·郑州一模)After all，the dctrpatient relatinship ______________trust，and therefre hnesty is essential.毕竟，医患关系是以信任为基础的，因此诚信是至关重要的。


[答案] is based n





symbl


辨析比较 signal, mark, sign与 symbl








variety


【原句回放】Yu can get burned by a variety f things: ht liquids, steam, ... 你可能因多种情况受伤：灼热的液体、水蒸汽


【点拨】variety n. 不同种类，多种式样；多样化，综艺节目


常用短语：a variety f 多种的，各种各样的


There is a wide variety f patterns t chse frm. 有各种各样的图案从中选择。


I was impressed by the variety f dishes n ffer. 我对出售中的各式餐具印象很深。


There was little she culd d t add variety t her daily rutine.


她无法给单调的日常生活增添些趣味。


【拓展】varius adj. 各种各样的


vary v. 使多样化，(使)变化，不同


majr


用法详解


(1)adj.主要的;重要的;大的(一般做前置定语)


The majr prblem at present is hw t vercme all the difficulties.目前的主要问题是如何克服所有的困难。


A majr earthquake happened in Japan n March 11, 2011.


2011年3月11日,日本发生了大地震。


(2)n.[C]主修课程;专业课vi.主修


搭配: majr in主修


The student, majring in ecnmics at cllege, made a cmment n the matter.


那个大学专业是经济学的学生对此事做了评论。


She majrs in management. That is, her majr is management.


她主修管理学。也就是说,她的专业课是管理学。


mean


【点拨】mean adj. 吝啬的，自私的；卑鄙的


be mean with sth. 在某方面吝啬


He is very mean with his mney. 他在金钱方面很吝啬。


That is a mean trick. 那是卑鄙手段。


v. 意欲，打算；意味着


mean t d sth 打算做某事


I mean t g tmrrw. 我打算明天走。


mean ding sth 意味着做某事


Being a student means studying hard. 作为一个学生，(意味着)要努力学习。


be meant fr 注定要成为


I was never meant fr the army. 我根本就不是当兵的材料。


appreciate


appreciate ding...感激做……


I wuld appreciate it if...假如……我将不胜感激


appreciatin n.欣赏；感激


in appreciatin f欣赏；感激





I wuld appreciate it if yu culd ffer me a hand.


如果你能帮我我将不胜感激。


And I’ll appreciate it very much if yu give me an early reply.


如果你能早点回信我将非常感激。


Here I sincerely express my appreciatin if yu culd help find the lst suitcase.


如果你能帮我找到丢失的箱子，我会真诚地表达我的感激之情。(2010·重庆·书面表达)


特别提醒


(1)appreciate后接v.­ing形式。


(2)其后只能接“事”作宾语，而不能接“人”作宾语。


(3)其后不直接跟if或when引导的从句，需先接it，再接从句。


夯实基础


用所给词的适当形式填空


(1)I dn’t appreciate being treated (treat) like a secnd­class citizen.


(2)He expressed his appreciatin (appreciate) fr what she had dne.





其他单词


native


Native English speakers can understand each ther even if they dn't speak the same kind f English.即便不说同一种英语,这些以英语为母语的人也能明白彼此。


用法详解


(1)adj.


①出生地的,祖国的


②(+t)本土的,本国的,(某地)土生的


(2)n.[C](+f)本地人,本国人,(某地)原有的动/植物





归纳拓展


g native入乡随俗;同化


经典例句


The kangar is native f Australia.袋鼠是澳大利亚的一种土生动物。


He has lived in the USA fr many years and gne cmpletely native.


他在美国居住多年,已完全适应了当地人的生活方式。


As a third-generatin native f Brwnsville Texas, Mildred Garza never planned t mve away作为得克萨斯州布朗斯维尔地区第三代土生土长的人,米尔德里德·加尔萨从来没有计划过离开此地。


Pint 6


例单句语法填空


(1)The banana is native __________ Taiwan.


(2)We shuld have gne __________(natively)when living with the lcal peple but we ignred.


(3) When we're n hliday in Canada, we live like the __________ (native).


(4)The panda is a native __________ China.


答(1)t句意:香蕉原产于台湾。考查介词。 be native t.原产于……


(2)native句意:跟当地人住在一起的时候,我们本应该入乡随俗, 但我们忽略了这一点。 g native为固定搭配,表示“(移民、访客等)入乡随俗”。


(3) natives句意:我们在加拿大度假时,就像当地人那样生活。 native做名词时为可数名词,意为“当地人”,根据句意可知此处应该用复数。


(4)f


attitude


例句： An attitude is what persn thinks abut smething.态度是一个人对某事的看法。


用法详解


attitude.[C]态度,看法。 attitude前常用gd, bad, psitive, negative等形容词修饰。


an attitude t/tward(s)对…的态度/看法


常见搭配:


have/shw/an... attitude t/tward(s).对…持…态度


take a/an attitude t/tward(s)对……采取…态度


an attitude f mind心态问题


What' s yur attitude t/tward(s) this idea? 你对这种想法持什么态度?


He tk friendly attitude tward(s) us.他对我们采取了友善的态度。


He shws very psitive attitude t his wrk.他的工作态度非常积极。


Being rich r pr is simply an attitude f mind.贫富仅仅是心态问题。


归纳拓展


attitude容易和 altitude (n.海拔,高度) 混淆,其他以后级-itude结尾的词还有:


latitude (n.纬度) lngitude (n.经度) multitude (n.大量;群众)





例1.单句语法填空


(2019·安徽师大附中高一上期末)Only when yu take a psitive attitude __________ the prject will yu enjy the whle prcess.


2.单句写作


(1)Hw t face failure in exams is ______________________________(心态问题)


(2)I dislike him because he always ______________________________(对……有不好的态度) the peple arund him.


(3)It's time ______________________________(你改变对女性的态度) nw, Tm; they hld up half the sky, yu knw.


答案：1.t/twards


2. (1)an attitude f mind


(2)has a bad attitude t/twards


(3) yu changed yur attitude t/ twards wmen


refer t


If the wrd grup refers t different members, use plural verb.如果“grup”这个单词指不同的成员,谓语动词用复数。


用法详解


refer t中的t是介词,后可接名词、代词或动名词。常见含义:


(1)提到;谈及;说起


I prmised nt t refer t the matter again.我答应过再也不提这件事了。


(2)查阅;参考


Please refer t the last page f the bk.


请查阅书的最后一页。


(3)涉及;与…相关


These bks refer t Asian prblems.这些书涉及亚洲问题。


This paragraph refers t the events f last year这段说的是去年发生的事。


特别提醒


①注 refer意的过去式和过去分词,要双写r,再加-ed,即 refer—referred—referred。


② refer t和 lk up都可以表示“查阅”,但二者是有区别的: refer t后接所查的工具书或资料,如词典、笔记、参考书等 lk up后接wrd, phrase等需要查找的对象。


Pint 4


单句语法填空


(1)(2016·河北唐山期中)It was flish f him t ________ his ntes during that imprtant test, and as a result, he gt punished.


(2)(2016·湖北八校第二次联考) In my class, there is a really weak-lking guy. I dn't actually knw if his name is Vit r Wit. I will refer t him ________ Wit in this stry f mine.


【答案解析】


(1)refer t句意:他在那次重要的考试中查阅笔记真是太愚蠢了,结果他受到了惩罚。 refer t意为“查阅;参考”,符合语境。


(2)as句意:在我的班里,有个长相很不好的人,实际上我不知道他的名字是维特还是威特。在我这个故事里我将把他称为威特。 refer t…as…意为“称……为……”。


system


教材P25 In ur slar system eight planets circle arund the sun.在我们的太阳系中,有八个行星围绕太阳运转。


用法详解


system n.[C](器官)系统,身体;体系,制度;系统。常见搭配:


the slar system太阳系


the immune system免疫系统


glbal psitining system(GPS)全球定位系统


the ecnmic system经济制度


get sth. ut f ne's system宣泄,消解(强烈的感情或欲望)


I was angry, s I went fr a run t get it ut f my system.


我生气了, 所以我去跑步来消消气


归纳拓展


systematic adj.系统的;有条理的 unsystematic adj.乱的,杂乱无章的


Pint 1


单句写作


(1)Taking a walk in the mrning is gd fr ___________________________(我们的身体)


(2)I usually watch ftball matches t get the trubles in my wrk __________________ (宣泄)


(3)The way they've cllected their data is nt very __________________(有条理的).


【答案解析】


(1)ur systems 句意:早晨散步有益于我们的身体。


(2)ut f my system 句意:我通常观看足球赛来消解我工作中的烦恼。


(3)systematic 句意:他们收集资料的方法不是很有条理。


despite





1.单句改错


(1) Despite apply fr hundreds f jbs, he is still ut f wrk.


______________________________


[答案]apply→applying


单句语法填空


(1)(2014·江西卷改编) It is unbelievable that Mr. Lucas leads a simple life despite his great __________ (wealthy)


【答案解析】


(1)wealth句意:真是难以相信啊,尽管卢卡斯先生很富有,但他还是过着简朴的生活。


单句写作(结合同源宾语的用法完成句子)


(1)让人难以置信的是,尽管卢卡斯先生很富有,但他过着简朴的生活。


It is unbelievable that Mr Lucas is ______________________________ despite his great wealth.


【答案】


(1)leading/living a simple life


date back t...


= date frm... 追溯到……，从……时候开始就有了


[典例]


The church dates back t the 13th century. 这座教堂从十三世纪开始就有了。


[短语归纳]


[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入短语或所给词的适当形式。


(1). The custm ________ ________ hundreds f years.


(2). Our friendship________ ________ ________ the late 70s.


(3). This is a law ________ (date) frm the 17th century.


Keys: (1). dates back (2). dates back t (3). Dating


bne


Our dg likes t bury his bnes.我们的狗喜欢埋藏骨头。


When scientists inspected the bnes, they were surprised t find that these dinsaurs culd nt nly run like the thers but als climb trees.当科学家们观察它们的骨头时,他们惊奇地发现它们不仅能像其他恐龙一样可以跑而且还可以爬树。


(2014·山东卷) Charltte fund herself perating n damaged limbs and setting brken bnes, in additin t delivering all the babies in the area.


除了给这个地区的所有婴儿接生以外,夏洛特还给那些四肢受伤的人们做手术,给那些断骨的人们接骨复位。


Our schl’s ffer t help the kids wh suffered frm Brittle Bne was a mving act.


我们学校答应帮助那些患骨质疏松症的孩子们，这是令人感动的举动。


On this imprtant feast day, peple eat fd in the shape f skulls and cakes with bnes”n them.在这个重要的节日里,人们会吃制成颅骨形状的食物和装点有“骨头”的蛋糕





dialect


When peple use wrds and expressins different frm the‘standard language’, it is called a dialect.人们用不同于“标准语言”的单词和表达方式时,那种语言就被称为方言。


Gegraphy als plays part in making dialects.地理位置对方言的产生也有影响。


Althugh many Americans mve a lt, they still recgnize and understand each ther's dialects.虽然许多美国人经常搬家,但是他们仍然能够辨别并且理解彼此的方言。


Jack changed lt, and spke a suthern dialect, but I finally recgnized him.杰克变化很大,并且讲南方方言,但我最终还是认出了他。





regard


regard…as… 表“把看作作……”


其近义表达有:





think


lk





…


【拓展】


regardless f不管；不顾


[典例]


1). I’ ll take the jb regardless f the pay. 不管报酬多少我都要这份工作。


2). He says what he thinks, regardless f ther peple’ s feelings. 他怎么想就怎么说，不考虑别人的情绪。


[练习] 翻译下面的句子。


1). 他不顾危险，跳进河里救那个溺水的小孩。


____________________________________________________________________________


2). 不管天气怎样，我都会去。


____________________________________________________________________________


Keys: 1). He jumped int the river t save the little drwning by the danger.


2). I will g regardless f the weather.


character


Childhd experiences play a great part in shaping ne's character.


童年经历在塑造人的性格方面起重要作用。


He grew mre and mre ppular as his charming character, the little tramp, became knwn thrughut the wrld.他塑造的可爱的“小流浪汉”角色开始闻名于世,而查理也变得越来越受欢迎。


In general, everyne has his wn unique character.


一般来说,每个人都有自己独特的个性。


He can quickly assess persn's character.他能很快评定出一个人的品质。


affair


Dn' t cncern yurself with ther peple's affairs.干涉他人的事。


He is a persn wh is cncerned with state affairs.他是一个关心国家大事的人。


He is an utspken man and prefers t make cmments n current affairs.他是一个直言不讳的人,喜欢评论时事。


辨析比较 event/ accident/ matter/ affair


specific


【原句回放】 n general ideas rather than specific examples.(教材P4)……根据大体的想法而不是具体的事例。


【点拨】specific adj.确切的；特定的；特效的；特有的


The truble with Bill was that he never had a specific aim in life.比尔的问题是他从未有过明确的人生目标。


There is n specific remedy fr the malady. 没有医治这种病的特效药。


【拓展】t be specific 说得明确些；具体地说


be specific t 对……是特有的


specifically adv.确切地；具体地；特别地





T be specific，he is 54 years ld，thugh he lks much yunger.具体地说，他已经54岁了，尽管看起来很年轻。


As far as I knw，the animal is specific t this area.


据我所知，这种动物是这个地区特有的。





注意区别：specific/special





A special hspital has been set up t treat patients suffering a specific disease.


为了治疗患一种特定疾病的病人建了一个特殊医院。


struggle


Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strng bdy are just like thse f millins f Chinese farmers fr whm he has struggled fr the past five decades.的确,他被太阳晒得黝黑的脸庞和手臂,以及他那瘦削而又结实的身体,就跟其他千百万中国农民一样为了他们,他在过去五十年里一直在拼搏奋斗着。


用法详解


(1)v.奋斗,努力,争取;挣扎脱身,搏斗;斗争,抗争。常见搭配:


struggle fr sth.努力争取…


struggle t d sth.努力/争取做


struggle with sb./sth.与……斗争


struggle t ne's feet挣扎着站起来


struggle against sb./sth.与……抗争与……斗争


Her mther has been struggling against her illness fr many years.她妈妈已经与疾病抗争了许多年。


She's struggling t bring up family n a very lw incme.


她以微薄的收入艰难地养活一家人。


(2)n.斗争;奋斗;努力。常见搭配:


fr sth. 支持某事的斗争


struggle against sth. 反对某事的斗争


between A and B A与B之间的斗争


The rganizatin will carry n a struggle against hunger.


该组织将继续开展反饥饿的斗争。


It is a struggle between gd and evil.那是一场善恶之争。


活学考例


(2015·陕西卷) Rbinsn suggested that may be because parents themselves struggle t understand the tasks.鲁宾孙暗示这可能是因为父母自己在努力理解孩子们的功课。


He struggled t cntrl the expressin n his face.(人教⑩5)


他竭力控制自己的面部表情。


(2012·北京卷) There are ever mre peple n the Earth, and they reasnably and rightfully want t have better lives, rather than merely struggle fr survival.有更多的人,他们有理由也有权利想要更好的生活,而不是仅仅为生存而挣扎。


We als had different students in sme classes, s it was a struggle fr me t remember all the faces and names.(译林①—1)上某些课的时候班上的学生也不一样,所以对我来说记住所有人的面孔和名字可是一件难事。


Pint 3


单句语法填空


(1)(2016·浙江绍兴一中期末) His best wrks describe a persn's struggle __________ survival


against the pwerful frces f nature.


(2)(2016·山东实验中学诊断性考试) If yu are reading this and yu struggle __________ yur weight r yur appearance, please recgnize that yu are beautiful and special in yur wn way.


(3)(2016·湖南益阳模拟) ______________(struggle) fr ur dreams, as the principal addressed at the graduatin ceremny, ffers us a sense f belnging.


(4)Dina, ___________________(struggle) fr mnths t find a jb as a waitress, finally tk a psitin at a lcal advertising agency.


(5)Kncked dwn by a bike, he was badly hurt and had t struggle __________ his feet


(6)We had t struggle __________ strng winds all the way hme.


(7)The brave vlunteers are struggling __________ the happiness f the pr.


(8)(2013·新课标全国卷改编) India attained independence in 1947,after _________lng struggle.


【答案解析】


(1)fr句意:他最好的作品描述了为了生存而对抗强大的自然力的一个人的斗争。 struggle fr争取……，为……而斗争


(2)with/against struggle with/against和…做斗争。


(3)Struggling 句意:正如校长在毕业典礼上指出的那样，为实现我们的梦想而奋斗，为我们提供了一种归属感。


(4)having struggled (5) t (6)against (7)fr (8)a


gas


Dad stepped n the gas and the car sped up t 100 kph.


爸爸一踩油门,车速提至每小时100千米。


gas that ht water gives ut.热水散发出的气体。


petrl


The engine was starved f petrl and wuldn't start.发动机缺油,发动不起来。


At present there is n petrl. s it's very difficult t transprt gds.


目前没有汽油,因此很难运输货物。








beg


教材P38 All that time my wife and children had t beg fr fd and help frm relatives r friends.在此期间,我的妻儿只得从亲戚朋友那儿讨饭吃,并乞求帮助。


用法详解


(1)v.乞求,请求


常见搭配:


beg fr..请求…


beg sb. fr sth.向某人请求…


beg sth. (frm sb.)(向某人)请求


beg (sb.) (nt) t d sth.请求(某人)(不要)做…


beg that..请求…(从句使用虚拟语气,即从句谓语用 shuld+动词原形, shuld可以省略)


beg ne's pardn请某人原谅;请再说一遍


They begged him fr help.(= They begged help frm him.)他们向他求助。


She begged him t stay at hme.她恳求他待在家里。


The child begged t play with him.那个孩子恳求和他一起玩。


She begged that she be allwed t g.她请求让她离开。


(2)v.乞讨,行乞


常见搭配:


beg fr sth.( frm sb.)(向某人)乞讨


beg sth.( frm sb.)(向某人)乞讨…


The children were begging fr fd frm passers-by.那些孩子在向路人讨饭。


We managed t beg sme water frm her.我们设法从她那儿讨了一些水。


Pint 3


例1.单句写作


(1)The yung man ________________________(恳求加入) ur club.


(2)He ________________________________(恳求我说服) his father t give up smking.


(3)The mther begged that ________________________________________(士兵从…中解救她的儿子) the ruins after the earthquake.


2.单句语法填空


(1)(2019·成都实验中学高一上期末)One day, as I ___________________ (walk) thrugh a lcal market, ten- year-ld by came ver and begged me ________________ (buy) a bk.


(2)Srry, I beg ________________ (differ) with yu n this matter.


答1.(1)begged t jin(2)begged me t persuade (3)the sldiers (shuld) rescue her sn frm


2. (1) was walking; t buy (2)t differ


equal


教材P34 But was happy t help because knew it wuld help us achieve ur dream f making black and white peple equal.但我乐于帮忙,因为我知道这将帮助我们实现使黑人与白人平等的梦想。


用法详解


(1)adj.(地位、权利等)平等的,同等的;(大小数量、价值等)相等的;(能力、勇气等)能应付的,能胜任的


常见搭配:


be equal t…与…相等；能应付/胜任…


be equal in sth.在某方面相等


Bill is equal t the challenge.比尔有能力应付这一挑战。


Nt all men are equal in ability人的能力并不都是一样的


要点提示


be equal t中的t为介词,后接名词、代词或v-ing做宾语。


(2)vt.等于,和……相等;比得上


常见搭配:


A equals B in… A在方面比得上B


Fur plus fur equals eight.四加四等于八。


N ne equals him in strength.论力气,无人能和他相比。





(3)n.相等的事物;同等的人


常见搭配: be withut equal/have n equal无与伦比,无敌


Nne culd be his equal at telling stries事人能比得上他。


He is player withut equal.他是个无与伦比的运动员。


归纳拓展


相关词语积累:


equally adv.平等地,同样地


equality n.平等,同等


unequal adj.不相等的;不平等的


Pint 14


例单句语法填空


(1)(2019·哈尔滨部分高中高一联考) She is very weak and nt equal _________making a lng jurney.


(2)(2019·孝感五校期中)Yes, they remind me f anther her wh helped the black peple t fight against the white peple t make black and white peple _________ (equality).


(3)(2019·枣庄期中) Divide the cake int quarters and share it _________ (equal).


(4)I dn't think he is equal t _________(d)this kind f wrk, s I can't hire him.


答案


(1)t句意:她身体很差,不堪长途旅行。考查介词。 be equal t.能胜任…;能对付…


(2)equal句意:是的,他们使我想起另一位帮助黑人对抗白人以使黑人与白人实现平等的英雄。make+名词+形容词,形容词做宾语补足语。


(3)equally句意:把蛋糕分成四份,然后平均分享。考查副词。设空处修饰动词 share,故用副词。 equally平等地;相等地。


(4)ding be equal t中的t为介词,后接名词、代词或v-ing形式。





demand


教材P26 It was dilemma because the ftballer culd have demanded damages if we were wrng.这事有些为难,因为如果我们错了,这个足球运动员就可以向我们索要赔偿。


用法详解


demand vt.&n.


(1)v.强烈要求


demand sth. f sb.向某人要某物


demand t d sth.要求去做某事


demand+that-clause [主语+(shuld)d.]要求……


It is demand+that… [主语+(shuld)d…]要求……


She demanded t high a price f me. I have asked sme experts t assess the value f her huse befre.


她向我要价太高,之前我已经让一些专家评估了她房子的价值。


He demanded t be tld everything.=He demanded that he (shuld) be tld everything.


他要求将一切都告诉他。


It is demanded that take the place f him t arrange the meeting.


我被要求代替他筹备会议。


(2)n.需求;要求


搭配


satisfy/meet ne's demands满足某人的要求


in great demand需求量大


It is ur demand that she shuld g there.


她到那里去是我们的要求。


We rely n new surces f energy t meet the demands.


我们依靠新能源来满足需要。


It was an unusually ht summer and air-cnditiners were in great demand.


那年夏天非常热,空调需求量很大。


But there will als be a rise in the demand fr health care prfessinals.但是对专业医疗(服务)人员的需求也会增加。


易错警示


☆当表示“请求;要求”的demand, require, request等词或其名词形式后接名词性从句时,从句均应使用虚拟语气,即谓语动词为“shuld+动词原形”, shuld可以省略。


He made the demand that he (shuld) be infrmed f the change f the plan as sn as pssible.


他要求尽快被告知计划的变更情况。


His requirement was that the system(shuld)wrk.


他的要求是该系统要发挥作用。


The bss requested that all applicatins (shuld) be submitted by Mnday.


老板要求所有申请必须在周一前递交。


(be) related t


教材P12 Over 56 percent f the peple in small Sutheast Asian cuntry are in jbs related t agriculture.在一个东南亚小国,56%以上的人都从事与农业相关的工作。


用法详解


(1)与……有关


Much f the crime in this area is related t drug abuse.这一地区的许多犯罪都与吸毒有关。


(2)与…有亲属关系


My mther might be related t him.我母亲可能与他有亲属关系。


归纳拓展


① relate.联系


relate…t… ……联系起来


relate t sb./sth. 涉及,与……相关


② relatin.联系,关系;亲属


have relatin with与……有联系


in relatin t与……有关;关于;与……相比


Pint 2


1.单句写作


(1)The theme f the dialgue shuld __________________ (与…相关) the theme f the passage.


(2)Please __________ the result __________(把……与…联系起来) its cause.


2.用 relate的适当形式填空


(1) Yu must write dwn all the infrmatin __________ t the prblem.


(2)I have sme cmments t make in __________ t this matter.


【答案解析】


1. (1)be related t/ relate t


句意:对话的主题应和文章的主题相关联。


(2)relate; t句意:请把结果和它的原因联系起来。














signal
意为“信号”，常指为某一目的而发出的信号
mark
意为“标志，标记”，含义广泛，指事物留下的深刻印迹或某物上用于辨别该物品的标志，比sign更侧重于区别性或揭示性的标志，有时不一定十分直观或明显
sign
意为“记号，标记”，用法最广，可指符号，也可指具体的用于识别或指示的标志，如指示牌、卡片等。也作“征兆，迹象”讲
symbl
意为“象征，符号”，常指被人们选出的物体或图案用来代表另一事物，并作为该事物的标记或象征
易混词
区别
event
重要事情;比赛项目。


The fundatin f the PRC was a great event f 1949.


中华人民共和国的成立是1949年的重大事件。
accident
强调偶然或意外发生的不幸事情。


One in seven accidents is caused by sleepy drivers.


每七起交通事故就有一起是驾驶员困倦造成的。
matter
着重指需要考虑的或需要处理的事情。


They have imprtant matters t talk abut.他们有重要的事情要谈。
affair
公共事务,政治事务(多用复数形式);个人的事。


The minister is busy with state affairs部长忙于处理国务。
specific
着重指某种、某类事物具有的特殊或特定的属性，也可指专门提出作特别考虑的事物。强调“特定的；具体的”。注意：specific意为“特定的；具体的”时常用于名词前作定语
special
普通用词，指不同于一般、与众不同，着重事物的专门性，突出与一般不同。强调“与众不同的；特殊的”，既可作定语，又可作表语。