初中英语中考语法专题：状语从句学案
展开状语从句学案
一、讲解
状语从句（Adverbial Clause）指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子，可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。
1. 时间状语从句：
常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, until
特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day, immediately, directly
例如：I ran into the classroom as soon as the bell rang.
下课铃一响我就跑进了教室。
Immediately she'd gone, I remembered her name.
她刚走开我就想起了她的名字。
Every time she heard his name, she dissolved into tears.
每当听到他的名字时，她都禁不住泪流满面。
2. 地点状语从句:
常用引导词：where
特殊引导词：wherever, anywhere, everywhere
例如：Wherever the sea is , you will find seamen.
哪里有海，哪里就有水手。
3. 原因状语从句:
常用引导词：because=in that, since=now that, as, for
特殊引导词：seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that
例如I 'm late because I didn't caught the bus.
我迟到是因为我没赶上公共汽车。
4. 目的状语从句：
常用引导词：so that, in order that
特殊引导词： for fear that（唯恐/生怕），in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that
例如：You should book the hotel in advance so that the travel will be more easy.
你应该提前订好旅馆，这样旅行会更容易。
5.结果状语从句：
常用引导词：so … that, such … that
特殊引导词：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that
例如：He is so young that he can't have meal by himself.
他太小了，不能自己吃饭。
6. 条件状语从句：
常用引导词：if, unless,
特殊引导词：as/so long as（只要）, only if, providing/provided that（倘若）, supposing that（倘若）, in case that（以防）, on condition that (在...条件下)
例如：You can go to London as long as you have passport.
只要你有护照，你就可以去伦敦。
7.让步状语从句：
常用引导词：though, although, even if, even though
特殊引导词： as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装，意为尽管)，while，no matter …， in spite of the fact that, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever, as if=as though
例如：Though we are old, we still can do these by ourselves.
虽然我们老了，我们仍然可以自己做这些。
Tired as he is, he offers to help me.
尽管他已经很累了，他还是主动提出帮助我。
8. 比较状语从句：
常用引导词：as(同级比较), than(不同程度的比较)
特殊引导词：the more … the more … ; just as …， so…,no … more than; not A so much as B
例如：She is as pretty as her mother.
她和她母亲一样漂亮。
9. 方式状语从句：
常用引导词：as, as if, how
特殊引导词：the way
例如：He didn't so it the way his brother did.
他不像他哥哥那样做这件事。
时态 （要根据实际情况，看句义来使用）
(1)主将从现
-从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时
If he runs, he’ll get there in time. 如果他跑，他就会及时赶到那儿。
The cat will scratch you if you pull her tail. 如果你拉猫的尾巴，它就会抓你。
-从句用现在进行时，主句用一般将来时
If you are looking for Peter, you’ll find him upstairs. 如果你是在找彼得，上楼就会找到他。
-从句用现在完成时，主句用一般将来时
If you have finished dinner, I’ll ask the waiter for the bill. 如果你吃完了，我就叫服务生来算账
(2)主情从现
-从句用一般现在时，主句用may/might/can
If the fog gets thicker , the plane may/might be diverted. 如果雾在大一些，飞机可能就会改在别的机场降落。
If it stops snowing, we can go out. 如果雪停了，我们就可以出去。
-从句用一般现在时，主句用must/should
If you want to lose weight, you must/should eat less bread. 如果你想减肥，你必须少吃面包。
(3)主祈从现
Please let me know if he comes back.
如果他回来了，请让我知道。
(4)主过从过
-从句用一般过去时，主句用一般过去时
I quickly turned off the TV when I heard my mother's footsteps.
当我听到妈妈的脚步声时，我赶紧关上了电视。
-从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时 （两个动作同时进行）
I was reading when my father came in to my room.
当我父亲走进我的房间时，我正在看书。
-从句用过去进行时，主句用过去进行时
Mother was cooking the meal while I was doing my homework.
当妈妈在做饭的时候,我正在做功课
(4)主现从任
I asked my sister, "Do you think Amy will come to your birthday party next week?"
我问我妹妹：“你觉得下周Amy会来参加你的生日宴会吗？”
(5)真理不变
In yesterday's class we learned that the earth goes around the sun.
昨天课上我们学习了地球围着太阳转。
练习
一、用适当的连词填空：
1. Dr. Bethune (白求恩) came to China __________ he was fifty.
2. He began to work __________ he got there.
3. Let's begin our meeting __________everyone is here.
4. I like the English people, __________ I don't like their food.
5. __________ you go in China, you can see smiling faces.
6. He didn't come to the lecture, __________ he was very busy.
7. __________we had enough time, we walked to the cinema.
8. They will help you __________ you meet with difficulty.
9. _________ we came to the university, we have learnt quite a lot.
10.I didn't join them yesterday evening __________ I had to go to an important meeting.
11. We would try to get a car __________we could all travel together more easily.
12. She wouldn't forget her mother's birthday __________ she seldom wrote to her family.
13. We're doing everything we can to make things as easy for you ___________we can.
14. The meeting became so disorderly __________ the speaker had to shout the audience down.
15. He was angrier __________ ever before.
16. __________ you lock all the doors, he can still manage to get in.
17. The boy was so tired __________ he fell asleep on the bus.
18. Hard _________ he tried, he couldn’t force the door open.
一、1. when; 2. as soon as; 3. as; 4. though; 5. Wherever; 6. because; 7. Since; 8. whenever; 9. Since; 10. because; 11. so that; 12. though; 13. as; 14. that; 15. than; 16. Even if; 17. that; 18. as
二、单项选择：
1.I’ll let you know ____ he comes back.
A. before B. because C. as soon as D. although
2.She will sing a song ____ she is asked.
A. if B. unless C. for D. since
3.We will work ____ we are needed.
A. whenever B. because C. since D. wherever
4.Read it aloud _____ the class can hear you.
A. so that B. if C. when D. although
5._____ you go, don't forget your people.
A. Whenever B. However C. Wherever D. Whichever
6.It is about ten years _____ I met you last.
A. since B. for C. when D. as
7.They will never succeed, _____ hard they try.
A. because B. however C. when D. since
8._____ still half drunk, hemadehis way home.
A. When B. Because C. Though D. As
9._____ she was very tired, she went on working.
A. As B. Although C. Even D. In spite of
10.Busy _____ he was, he tried his best to help you.
A. as B. when C. since D. for
11.I learned a little Russian _____ I was at middle school.
A. though B. although C. as if D. when
12._____ we got to the station, the train had left already.
A. If B. Unless C. Since D. When
13._____ the rain stops, we' 11 set off for the station.
A. Before B. Unless C. As soon as D. Though
14.She was _____ tired _____ she could not move an inch.
A. so, that B. such, that C. very, that D. so, as
15.We didn’t go home _____ we finished the work.
A. since B. until C. because D. though
16.I'll stay here _____ everyone else comes back.
A. even if B. as though C. because D. until
17.Although it's raining, _____ are still working in the field.
A. they B. but they C. and they D. so they
18.Speak to him slowly _____ he may understand you better.
A. since B. so that C. for D. because
19.You'll miss the train ______ you hurry up.
A. unless B. as C. if D. until
20.When you read the book, you' d better make a mark _____ you have any questions. A. at which B. at where C. the place D. where
21.We'd better hurry ______ it is getting dark.
A. and B. but C. as D. unless
22.I didn' t manage to do it _____ you had explained how.
A. until B. unless C. when D. before
23._____ he comes, we won't be able to go.
A. Without B. Unless C. Except D. Even
24. I hurried _____ I wouldn't be late for class.
A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless
25._____ I catch a cold, I have pain in my back.
A. Every time B. Though C. Even D. Where
26.What's the matter _____ they still haven't answered the telegram?
A. when B. that C. though D. however
27.Bring it nearer _____ I may see it better.
A. although B. even though C. so that D. since
28.You may arrive in Beijing early _____ you mind taking the night train.
A. that B. though C. unless D. if
29.Helen listened carefully _____ she might discover exactly what she needed.
A. in that B. in order that C. in case D. even though
30.More people will eat out in restaurants _____ they do today.
A. than B. when C. while D. as
31._____ hard she tries, she can hardly avoid making mistakes in her homework.
A. Much B. However C. As D. Although
32.Poor _____ it may be, there is no place like home, _____ you may go.
A. as; wherever B. though; whenever C. in spite of; when D. that; wherever
33.The child was __ immediately after supper.
A. enough tired to go to bed B. too tired to go to bed C. so tired that he went to bed D. very tired, he went to bed
34.The history of nursing __ the history of man.
A. as old as B. is old than C. that is as old as D. is as old as
35._____ born in Chicago, the author was famous for his stories about New York.
A. Since B. Once C. When D. Although
36._____ we stood at the top of the building, the people below were hardly visible. A. As B. Although C. Unless D. In spite of
37.Scarcely was George Washington in his teens _____ his father died.
A. than B. as C. while D. when
38._____ David goes, he is welcome.
A. Whichever B. However C. Wherever D. Whatever
39.The house stood _____ there had been a rock.
A. which B. at which C. when D. where
40.Small _____ it is, the pen is a most useful tool.
A. because B. so C. if D. as
41.After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced _____ tractors in 1988 as the year before.
A. as twice many B. as many twice C. twice as manyD. twice many as
42.The piano in the other shop will be _____, but _____.
A. cheaper; not as better B. more cheap; not as better C. cheaper; not as good D. more cheap; not as good
43.John plays football _____, if not better than, David.
A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as
44.Although he is considered a great writer,
A. his works are not widely read B. but his works are not widely read
C. however his works are not widely read D. still his works are not widely read
- ___ the day went on, the weather got worse.
A. With B. Since C. While D. As
46.—What was the party like?
—Wonderful. It' s years _____ I enjoyed myself so much.
A. after B. when C. before D. since
47.It was not _____ she took off her dark glasses _____ I realized she was a famous film star.
A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; then
48.If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, _____ great it is.
A. what B. how C. however D. whatever
49.After the war, a new school building was put up _____ there had once been a theatre. A. that B. where C. which D. when
50._____, Mother will wait for him to have dinner together.
A. However late is he B. However he is late C. However is he late D. However late he is
51.He will come to call on you the moment he ____ his painting.
A. will finish B. finished C. has finished D. had finished
52.____ difficult the task may be, we will try our best to complete it in time.
A. No matter B. No wonder C. Though D. However
53.It was ____ that she couldn’t finish it by herself.
A. so difficult a work B. such a difficult work C. so difficult work D. such difficult work
54.It just isn’t fair________I was working as a waiter last month，my friends were lying on the beach.
A．whenever B．Though C．for D．While
55.The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair _______ he wanted to sit next to his wife.
A. although B. unless C. because D. if
56.She had just finished her homework________her mother asked her to practise playing the piano yesterday.
A．when B．While C．after D．Since
57.—I may go to the market this afternoon.
—Could you please buy some fruit for me________you are there?
A．since B．If C．while D．As
58. Tom was about to close the windows_____ his attention was caught by a bird.
A. when B. if C. and D. till
59.The engineer are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities, _______ they have the interest.
A. wherever B. Whenever C. even if D. as if
60.The girl had hardly rung the bell _____ the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her.
A. before B. until C. as D. since
二、1~5 CADAC 6~10 ABCBA 11~15 DDCAB 16~20 DABAD 21~25 CABBA
26~30 BCCBD 31~35 BACDD 36~40 ADCDD 41~45 CCBAD 46~50 DBCBD
51~55 CDDDC 56~60 ABACA
