01、2020-2021学年高二英语上学期期末测试卷（牛津译林版）

高二上学期期末考试（一）英语考试范围：xxx；考试时间：100分钟；命题人：xxx注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上 第I卷（选择题）第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）第一节            （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AAs an educator and health care provider, I have worked with numerous children infected with the virus that causes AIDS. The relationships that I have had with these special kids have been gifts in my life. They have taught me so many things, but I have especially learned that great courage can be found in the smallest of packages. Let me tell you about Tyler.Tyler was born infected with HIV: his mother was also infected. From the very beginning of his life, he was dependent on medications to enable him to survive. When he was five, he had a tube inserted (插入) in a vein in his chest. This tube was connected to a pump, which he carried in a small backpack on his back. Medications were linked to this pump and were continuously supplied through this tube to his bloodstream. At times, he also needed supplemented (补充的) oxygen to support his breathing.Tyler wasn’t willing to give up one single moment of his childhood to this deadly disease. It was not unusual to find him playing and racing around his backyard, wearing his medicine-laden backpack and dragging his tank of oxygen behind him in his little wagon. All of us who knew Tyler were amazed at his pure joy in being alive and the energy it gave him. Tyler’s mom often teased him by telling him that he moved so fast that she needed to dress him in red. That way, when she peered through the window to check on him playing in the yard, she could quickly spot him.This dreaded disease eventually wore down even the likes of a little dynamo like Tyler. He grew quite ill and, unfortunately, so did his HIV-infected mother. When it became apparent that he wasn’t going to survive, Tyler’s mom talked to him about death. She comforted him by telling Tyler that she was dying too, and that she would be with him soon in heaven.A few days before his death, Tyler called me over to his hospital bed and whispered, “I might die soon. I’m not scared. When I die, please dress me in red. Mom promised she’s coming to heaven, too. I’ll be playing when she gets there, and I want to make sure she can find me.”1．From the passage, we can learn that Tyler is _________.A．courageous and optimistic B．confident and energeticC．enthusiastic and adventurous D．ambitious and passionate2．Tyler had to wear his backpack because ________.A．it contained his favourite toys from his motherB．it provided oxygen to support his breathingC．it had the pump supplying medications to his bloodstreamD．it made himself recognized by his mother in the crowd3．Which can be the best title for the passage?A．Gifts in my life  B．Dress me in red C．Never give up D．Live with HIVBResearchers have discovered a new bacterium that feeds on polyurethane, a kind of plastic that is difficult to recycle or destroy. Scientists say the discovery could help reduce a flood of hard — to — recycle plastics that are ending up in the world's landfills（垃圾填埋地） and polluting oceans.A team from the Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research in Leipzig, Germany, found the new type of soil bacteria. It was spotted in an area that contained a large amount of plastic waste. The team discovered the bacteria were feeding on polyurethane diol, which was widely used in many different products.One problem is that recycling polyurethane requires a lot of energy. The plastic material does not melt when heated. Most polyurethane-based products end up in landfills, where they can release dangerous chemicals. The team round that the bacterium can produce enzymes（酶）that eat away polyurethane. This would make it possible to break down the material in the environment. The results were recently reported in a study in the publication Frontiers in Microbiology. Hermann Heipieper helped write the report. He said in a statement the finding “represents an important step in being able to reuse polyurethane products.”German study noted that plastic-eating bacteria could be easily controlled and produced for industrial use. The researchers said the next step is to find more information about the bacterial enzymes that can break down polyurethane.Scientist Douglas Rader wrote about the issue in a 2018 article for the Environmental Defense Fund. He said much more study should be carried out to learn about the complex relationships between bacteria and marine ecosystems. “Such research is needed before we can take action such as putting plastic-eating bacteria into the ocean,” Rader wrote.4．What is the problem about polyurethane?A．It seems difficult to transport when it goes to landfills.B．It affects the quality of plastic products if widely used.C．It melts easily when exposed to the sun for a long time.D．It pollutes the environment unless recycled or destroyed.5．What do we know about the new type of bacteria from the text?A．It can produce harmful chemicals. B．It can gradually destroy polyurethane.C．It is very hard to discover and control. D．It is very likely to increase plastic waste.6．What is Douglas Rader's attitude towards the future use of the new bacterium?A．Doubtful. B．Disapproval.C．Cautious. D．Enthusiastic.7．Which of the following is the best title for the text?A．Plastic-eating Bacteria B．Plastic Waste — A Big ProblemC．Plastic and Ocean D．Polyurethane — A Bacteria killerCWhen our Scottish puppy reached doggie adolescence, she suddenly stopped obeying my commands. Previously, if I called “come,” Annie would fly across our yard to my arms. Now, the 8-month-old gave me an aggressive “make me” look and ran the other way.Our dog trainer advised us to stop complaining. “She's a teenager,” she said. Now, a new study is backing that up: Dogs, it says, experience an oversensitive period just like human teenagers. “There is abundant folk knowledge that the behavior of adolescents differs from younger or older dogs,” says Barbara Smuts.Puppies bond with humans much as children do. “But owners often feel like they're failing when their puppies reach adolescence,” about 8 months for most dogs, says Lucy Asher. Like teenagers, adolescent dogs can disregard and disobey their owners. Indeed, teenage dogs are the most likely age group to land in U.S. shelters.To see exactly how adolescence changes dog behavior, Asher and her team monitored 70 female dogs being raised as potential guide dogs. They asked caregivers to score the puppies on separation-related behaviors, like trembling when left behind. Dogs with high scores on this behavior entered adolescence earlier-at about 5 months, compared with 8 months for those with lower scores. Various factors cause human teenage girls with poor parental relationships to also enter adolescence at a younger age. Thus, similar to humans, dogs that have bad relationships with their caregivers see changes in their development.According to Smuts, adolescent dogs that were stressed by separation from their caregiver also increasingly disobeyed that person, showing the insecurity of human teenagers.Because of the similarity between adolescent pups and humans, dogs can serve as a model species for studying adolescence in humans, the scientists say. The temporary nature of dogs which disobey the owners may make us worry less when our pups suddenly get minds of their own.8．The author's attitude towards his dog's misbehavior can be best described as     A．tolerant B．delighted C．unsatisfied D．indifferent9．The underlined word “disregard” in paragraph 3 probably means?A．run after B．pay no attention to C．bark at D．defend against10．What can we learn about adolescent dogs from the passage?A．Many adolescent dogs like staying in American shelters.B．Adolescent dogs will never follow their owners' instructions.C．Adolescent dogs are fond of being separated from their caregivers.D．Dogs having poor relation with their caregivers enter adolescence earlier.11．What's the main idea of the passage?A．Both young dogs and teenagers rely on their parents.B．Many researches have shown young dogs are aggressive.C．Adolescent dogs feel more anxious and frightened than teenagers.D．Like human teenagers, dogs get difficult when they reach adolescence.DSea urchins (海胆) are small creatures, but what’s really remarkable about them is that they eat anything that happens to float by. They have really sharp teeth they use to rid rocks of algae (海澡), which makes them pretty valuable especially in places like Hawaii where algae are threatening the coral reefs. In the summer of 2019, 500,000 of them were used to deal with the algae.The problem started when non-native algae were introduced to the ecosystem of Kane’ohe Bay in the 1970s. Because they had no enemies, they ended up taking over the bay, according to the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS). The algae blocked sunlight from reaching the coral, which in turn affected the local fish because they changed the chemistry of the water.That's when the NMFS turned to sea urchins that loved to devour the algae. But they had to grow to the size of a cherry tomato before they could be used. Since 2011, sea urchins have been grown and used to handle the algae problem. Some of the funds are available due to an unfortunate incident.In 2005, a ship was grounded on a shallow reef near Kane’ohe Bay. When the ship was removed, 20 acres of reefs have been damaged. When there is environmental damage, the NMFS and other agencies receive funds from the wrongdoers and the funds are used to restore the damage. Some funds were spent on other projects like the sea urchins.When they are large enough, divers carefully place them on the reef.Algae isn’t the only thing that threatens the coral reefs. Climate change and the effects of fishing and tourism in the area also endanger the coral reefs. But turning to sea urchins instead of man-made solutions seems like the best way to go.12．Why are sea urchins regarded as outstanding creatures?A．They are tiny but have teeth. B．They can keep the ocean clean.C．They are useful in removing algae. D．They grow on coral reefs with algae.13．What happened after non-native algae arrived at Kane’ohe Bay?A．They helped the coral reefs to survive. B．They spread to every corner of the bay.C．They didn’t fit in with the new surroundings. D．They fought against other species to get food.14．What does the underlined word “devour” in paragraph 3 mean?A．Eat. B．Block. C．Tease. D．Attract.15．What does the author suggest doing to save coral reefs?A．Relying on humans’ solutions. B．Banning fishing and tourism.C．Employing divers to handle algae. D．Letting nature take care of nature.第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项；选项中有两项为多余选项。There are two types of people in this world: those who can sleep on flights, and those who can’t. If you happen to be one of these unfortunate souls, you may fail to enjoy a long trip. Being sleep-deprived and jet-lagged, you’re unable to function for at least 72 hours. 16．Grab a rowWe all know the vital part of sleep is managing to lie down to create the illusion of being in a bed.17． If you’re limited to economy class, give yourself a fighting chance by choosing a middle seat when booking. Couples and families are unlikely to go either side of you, preferring to stick together.18．It might seem silly, but preparing for “bed” the way you usually do at home means you’re more psychologically ready for sleep. Changing into pyjamas, brushing your teeth and removing your make-up can all get you in the right mindset. If you normally always read before bed, do it now too. These are signals to your brain that the “being awake” portion of the day is officially over.Switch off19． Plan when you ideally want to sleep and half an hour beforehand shut down the electronics. Instead, do a bit of reading or, better yet, indulge in a 20-minute meditation (冥想) to really calm the neurons.No pressureTry not to put too much pressure on yourself; instead, just see it as a chance to rest your eyes for a bit. 20． If you do, it’s a bonus. If you don’t ... well, just hope they’ll accept your answer of “bleisure”(商务休闲旅游)as you walk unsteadily through security.A. Stick to your routineB. Get the right sleeping maskC. But fear not-there are ways of securing more sleep.D. Obviously, you can guarantee this by paying money for business class.E. Using devices just before bed means your brain is all lit up like a Christmas tree.F. It’s easier said than done, but stressing about not being able to sleep is a certain way of not being able to sleep.G. Get comfortable and relaxed, and remind yourself that it’s not the end of the world if you fail to get some shuteye.第二部分 语言知识运用 （共两节， 满分45分）第一节        （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I became a magician by accident. When I was nine I learned how to make a coin    21   . At first the magic wasn't any good; it was just a bad   22    I spent hours each day    23    in the bathroom, running through the secret    24    in front of the mirrorOne day I made the coin disappear on the playground. What a miracle(奇迹)! Dozens of people were    25    . I showed the coin to everyone. Then it disappeared. The kids    26    and laughed. It was great. Everyone went    27   .The teacher on duty crossed the playground to    28    more about it. Mrs. Tanner was a(n)    29    woman who controlled her class with an appetite(欲望)for    30    students She marched toward me and    31    to know what was going on.The coin disappeared for her too. “Do it again,” she said angrily, and I did. My hands were    32   , but when I looked up, everything had    33   . I would remember the look on her face — the look of wide-eyed, open-mouthed    34   .I kept seeing my teacher's face — the strict look    35    into great wonder and joy    36   . The kids' too. They had been    37    immediately from an indifferent(冷漠的)pack of creatures into real people. When the    38    of worry or pain had gone, the faces that shone without it were    39   .Magicians get to see people at their very best, and in this transformation we can see what can only be described as real, actual    40   .21．A．roll B．drop C．spin D．disappear22．A．trick B．gesture C．joke D．word23．A．reading B．thinking C．showering D．practising24．A．talks B．moves C．smiles D．messages25．A．watching B．performing C．debating D．playing26．A．nodded B．whispered C．screamed D．sighed27．A．crazy B．wrong C．blind D．hungry28．A．find out B．try out C．leave out D．turn out29．A．easy-going B．pleasant C．annoying D．clumsy30．A．protecting B．punishing C．encouraging D．ignoring31．A．promised B．begged C．pretended D．demanded32．A．shaking B．rising C．flying D．dancing33．A．started B．changed C．recovered D．ended34．A．relief B．astonishment C．disappointment D．doubt35．A．dividing B．falling C．softening D．breaking36．A．in return B．as a result C．all at once D．as usual37．A．admired B．recognized C．freed D．transformed38．A．significance B．attempt C．weight D．example39．A．familiar B．blank C．serious D．amazing40．A．kindness B．magic C．talent D．education第II卷（非选择题）第二节        （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Man’s best friend dog is colorblind, but 41．(fortunate), his survival does not depend upon the ability to see colors. His keen (灵敏的) sense of smell makes up for inability to see colors, and 42．(enable) him to differentiate between things.Extensive scientific testing on dogs supports the conclusion that they live in 43． colorless world. The testing done primarily focused 44． the dogs’ responses to colors for food. Dogs could not tell the 45． (different) between one color, a signal for food, and other colors that were not for food. Similar tests 46． (conduct) on cats produced similar results, which led scientists to conclude that they, too, are colorblind and live in a gray world.The inability of most animals to see colors is quite simple 47．(understand). Many colorblind animals have dark coats, hunt for food in the dark of night or graze (吃草) in the dim twilight (黄昏的)hours. Their other senses have developed to the point 48． the lack of color vision in no way weakens them. For them, life in a colorless world is neither a handicap, 49．a threat to their survival.50．is concluded that other than man the only animals with color vision are monkeys and apes. They can be trained to open a colored door, behind which is food.第三部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节 短文改错 （共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均限一词。2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Dear Jack,Thanks for your kind help while my stay in Britain. With your help, I have made great progresses in my English study.How is Mr. Richard? I want to know something about her life. I want to keep in touch for him, and unfortunately without his address I can’t contact with him. Did you have his e-mail address or telephone number?Would you like to visit Beijing during summer holiday? You see, Beijing is a very good tourist city, that is well-known for its culture and places of interesting. I can show you around the city then. I am sure you will stay here happy and learn a lot of things.Yours,Li Hua第二节 书面表达（满分25分）假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Tracy下个月将来你所在的城市参加夏令营活动，想要寄宿你家，但你有事无法接待。请你给她写一封邮件，内容包括：1.表示歉意；2.解释原因；3.提供帮助。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________