四川省泸州市2021届高三上学期第一次教学质量诊断性考试 英语 (含答案)

泸州市高2018级第一次教学质量诊断性考试
英语
本试卷分为试题卷和答题卡两部分，其中试题卷由第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）组成，共10页；答题卡共2页。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生务必在答题卡上将自己的学校、班级、姓名用0.5毫米黑色签字笔填写清楚，同时用2B 铅笔将考号准确填涂在“考号”栏目内。
2. 选择题使用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡对应题目标号的位置上，如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后再选涂其它答案；非选择题用0.5毫米黑色签字笔书写在答题卡的对应框内，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
3. 考试结束后将答题卡收回。
第 I 卷（选择题，共100分）
第一部份 听力(共两节, 满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试题上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Good friends. B. Professor and student. C. Tour guide and tourist.
2. What did the woman do with Sam yesterday?
A. They did some repairs. B. They had lunch together. C. They relaxed on the roof.
3. What may cause the alarm to go off in the man’s opinion?
A. An animal. B. The alarm itself. C. A large vehicle.
4. How much money does the man have?
A. $10. B. $15. C. $20.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Ocean scenery. B. Global pollution. C. Climate change.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why is the man going to Australia?
A. To work. B. To study. C. To travel.
7. What does the man know about spiders from the handbooks?
A. They killed many tourists.
B. They are often bitten by snakes.
C. They like to make their webs everyplace.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Where are the speakers going first?
A. To the girl’s school. B. To their home. C. To a shop.
9. What did the teacher give the girl today?
A. A list. B. Some homework. C. Some notebooks.
10. When does the girl need to have her materials ready?
A. Later today. B. Early tomorrow. C. Next week.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Where is the conversation probably taking place?
A. Outside in the snow. B. Inside the speakers’ home. C. In a supermarket.
12. What does the man really need to buy?
A. Some clothes. B. A cleaning tool. C. Some food.
13. What has the woman predicted?
A. The power will be cut off.
B. The school will be closed.
C. The wood will be sold out.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. Who might the man be?
A. A media expert. B. An estate agent. C. A chef.
15. How many bathrooms are there in the house?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.
16. What do we know about the house owner?
A. They have a queen-sized bed.
B. They’re anxious to sell the house.
C. They’re moving to the countryside.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When did Tim’s mother usually get home?
A. At about 2:00 p.m. B. At about 3:00 p.m. C. At about 4:00 p.m.
18. How did Tim feel when he went home yesterday afternoon?
A. Anxious. B. Gentle. C. Serious.
19. Why did Tim’s parents go home early yesterday afternoon?
A. To eat a meal together.
B. To get Tim out of trouble.
C. To tell Tim something important.
20. What will happen to Tim’s family next week?
A. His family will move to a new home.
B. There will be a new member in his family.
C. His brother will come home from an accident.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Welcome to South Pole
Is it cold?
Yes! Be very careful out in the open air! The temperature is between -21℃ in the summer and -78℃ in the winter, and you can become numb with cold without realizing. There’s heavy frost even on the warmest summer days, and if it’s quiet you can hear your breath freeze. So if you leave the station, dress warmly and carry dry clothing and a portable radio.
Is there anything good about the weather?
The air is very pure, and it doesn’t snow very much — only about four millimetres a year. There’s very little wind and the sky is usually clear. It’s possibly the calmest place on Earth.
Is it safe?
Because the South Pole is a high altitude site, the glare of the sunlight here is very terrible. It’s also reflected by the snow, so if you go outside, remember to wear sunglasses and use suncream. If you don’t, there’s a severe risk that you’ll damage your eyesight or get badly sunburnt.
What’s it like to live here?
Life is quite abnormal. Sunrise and sunset come once every six months, and in the winter the total absence of daylight can be tiresome, and for some, depressing. We’re totally isolated except for radio and electronic communications, as no aircraft can fly here for about eight months. Usual equipment doesn’t always work as it should do. If you use an electric drill, the power cord will snap. Photography is tricky too, as film is fragile and the camera battery doesn’t work in the cold.
1. Which word best describes the South Pole most of the time？
A. Cool. B. Freezing. C. Cloudy. D. Windy.
2. What is it not necessary to take along to the South Pole?
A. Raincoats. B. Sunglasses. C. Dry clothes. D. Electronic communications.
3. What’s the main purpose of the text?
A. To send an invitation. B. To make a research.
C. To give some advice. D. To introduce the South Pole.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要就在南极生活需要注意的事项提出了一些建议，建议主要针对南极的气温、天气、安全和生活日常等方面而提出。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“The temperature is between -21℃ in the summer and -78℃ in the winter, and you can become numb with cold without realizing. There’s heavy frost even on the warmest summer days, and if it’s quiet you can hear your breath freeze.(夏季气温为-21℃，冬季为-78℃，冷得没有知觉。即使在最温暖的夏天，也会有严重的霜冻，如果天气很安静，你会听到呼吸冻结的声音)”可知，大多数时候，“极寒（freezing）”最能描述南极。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“So if you leave the station, dress warmly and carry dry clothing and a portable radio.(所以，如果你离开车站，穿暖和点，带上干衣服和便携式收音机)”；第三段中“remember to wear sunglasses and use suncream(记得戴墨镜和使用防晒霜)”以及最后一段中“We’re totally isolated except for radio and electronic communications, as no aircraft can fly here for about eight months.(除了无线电和电子通讯，我们完全与世隔绝，因为没有飞机可以在这里飞行八个月左右)”可知，太阳镜、干衣服和电子通讯需要带去南极，雨衣不需要带到南极去。故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章主要就在南极生活需要注意事项提出了一些建议，建议主要针对南极的气温、天气、安全和生活日常等方面而提出。可推知，这篇文章的主要目的是提出一些建议。故选C。
B
I tend to go slowly when I drive in the mountains of my home, because the forest scenery is beautiful no matter what the season. This morning I was driving slower than usual because an early March snow had turned the roads slippery. Going up a mountain road, at a sharp, snowy curve, I saw a big buck deer standing in the middle of the road. I came to a full stop and for a few seconds we just stared at each other. His eyes seemed wise and he stood still there. Finally, he nodded his head at me. I nodded in return and motioned with my hand for him to go on. He then jumped across the road, up the hill, and back into the woods. I drove on smiling at the magic of this moment and thanked that I had been going slowly enough not to hit this beautiful creature.
Most of us rush through this life not knowing what we are missing. We rarely get to enjoy what each day brings us. Life is meant to be savored. Days are meant to be lived in love and joy not flown through at a crazy speed.
The next time you find yourself going too fast, slow down. Take the time to watch the sunrise and fill the world with light. Take the time to look your children in their eyes, hug them, and tell them that you love them. Take the time to live your life with love and delight in all the miracles each day brings you. And you might even end up not hitting a deer on your way home.
4. What can we infer about the author from Paragraph1?
A. He lives a busy life. B. He knows the deer well.
C. He’s particular about nature. D. He’s kind of good at observing.
5. How did the author feel after the interaction with the deer?
A. Grateful. B. Proud. C. Confident. D. Puzzled.
6. What does the underlined word “savored” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Controlled totally. B. Enjoyed completely. C. Spent together. D. Led crazily.
7. What does the author call on us to do in the last paragraph?
A. Give children more love. B. Pay more attention to the deer.
C. Get close to nature and live a happier life. D. Take things slowly and appreciate life more fully.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. D
【解析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者因为一次在林间与一头鹿的相遇互动，而感悟到人们应该充分享受每一天，日子应该生活在爱和欢乐中，而不是以疯狂的速度飞逝。建议人们慢慢来，更充分地欣赏生活。
4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Going up a mountain road, at a sharp, snowy curve, I saw a big buck deer standing in the middle of the road. I came to a full stop and for a few seconds we just stared at each other. His eyes seemed wise and he stood still there. Finally, he nodded his head at me. I nodded in return and motioned with my hand for him to go on. He then jumped across the road, up the hill, and back into the woods.(走在一条山路上，在一个积雪的急转弯处，我看见一只大雄鹿站在路中间。我停了下来，有那么几秒钟，我们彼此凝视着对方。他的眼睛看上去很聪明，他一动不动地站在那里。最后，他朝我点了点头。我回敬地点点头，用手示意他继续走。然后他跳过马路，爬上小山，回到树林里)”可推知，作者看到一只鹿，还观察了它的眼睛以及它消失的路径，推测作者善于观察。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“I drove on smiling at the magic of this moment and thanked that I had been going slowly enough not to hit this beautiful creature.(我继续开车，为这神奇的一刻而微笑，感谢我开得这么慢，没有撞到这个美丽的小家伙)”可知，在和鹿互动后，作者感到很感激。故选A。
【6题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Most of us rush through this life not knowing what we are missing. We rarely get to enjoy what each day brings us.(我们大多数人都匆匆忙忙地过着一生，却不知道自己失去了什么。我们很少享受每一天带给我们的东西)”以及后文“Days are meant to be lived in love and joy not flown through at a crazy speed.(日子应该生活在爱和欢乐中，而不是以疯狂的速度飞逝)”可知，作者认为日子应该在爱和欢乐中度过，充分享受，而不是匆忙过去。故画线词意思为“充分享受”。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The next time you find yourself going too fast, slow down. Take the time to watch the sunrise and fill the world with light. Take the time to look your children in their eyes, hug them, and tell them that you love them. Take the time to live your life with love and delight in all the miracles each day brings you. And you might even end up not hitting a deer on your way home.(下次你发现自己开得太快时，放慢速度。花点时间看日出，让世界充满光明。花点时间看着孩子的眼睛，拥抱他们，告诉他们你爱他们。花点时间去爱你的生活，为每天给你带来的奇迹感到高兴。你甚至可能不会在回家的路上撞到一只鹿)”可推知，作者在最后一段建议我们慢慢来，更充分地欣赏生活。故选D。
C
Reading and writing poetry is a very personal experience. Poets use language as a way of expressing their feelings. Poems can describe the beauty of nature, a person, a dream or a memorable event. Most people have tried writing poetry at some time. For children, it is a good way to explore language and have fun with words as well as to express themselves.
But teachers and psychologists have found another use for poetry as a form of therapy (疗法) to help people with problems. Writing poetry can help people deal with changes in their lives, death or feelings of sadness, drug or alcohol problems or serious illness. By writing down your feelings, you can learn to understand yourself better and give yourself a voice if you feel you are being ignored. Poem might be a way of telling someone something when you do not feel able to talk about it face to face. And just because people are ill or having difficulties in their lives, it doesn’t mean they have lost their sense of humor. Poems written as therapy can be funny too, as laughter is also considered to be very good medicine.
Students at a special school in Dudley, in England, read and write poems every day. Some of the poems they write are very good, but their reason for writing is not just to be creative. All of them have problems. Some of them have long-term medical conditions, such as cancer, while others have personality disorders or psychological problems. By writing poems students are growing in self-confidence. The poems provide a channel through which they can communicate with the world, and express their feelings. They also help them to recognize and explore their problems and to develop a positive attitude to life.
But the poems are helping other people, too. The school has collected some of the students’ poems and published them in a book which is being sold to raise funds for a local hospital. The book has proved very popular, giving students a sense of motivation and achievement.
8. How can poetry work as therapy?
A. By solving physical problems. B. By staying away from humor.
C. By communicating face to face. D. By promoting expression.
9. What makes the students of the school in Dudley special?
A. They suffer many problems. B. They know many poems.
C. They are very confident. D. They are very positive.
10. What does the published book mean to the students?
A. They’ll get wealthy. B. They’ll get inspired.
C. They’ll become popular psychologists. D. They’ll become professional poets.
11. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. The creation of poetry. B. The power of poetry.
C. The development of poetry. D. The appreciation of poetry.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. B 11. B
【解析】
本文为夹叙夹议文。读诗歌和写诗歌是一种非常个人的体验。诗人们用语言来表达他们的各种各样的情感，无论积极的还是消极的情感。诗歌的另一个用途是可作为一种治疗手段方式来帮助人们。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Poets use language as a way of expressing their feelings.（诗人用语言来表达他们的感情。）” 和第二段“Writing poetry can help people deal with changes in their lives, death or feelings of sadness, drug or alcohol problems or serious illness. By writing down your feelings, you can learn to understand yourself better and give yourself a voice if you feel you are being ignored.（写诗可以帮助人们应对生活中的变化、死亡或悲伤情绪、毒品或酒精问题或严重疾病。通过写下你的感受，你可以学会更好地了解自己，当你感觉自己被忽视时，给自己一个声音。）可知，诗歌通过促进表达，来作为一种帮助有问题的人的治疗方法。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“. Some of them have long-term medical conditions, such as cancer, while others have personality disorders or psychological problems. （他们中的一些人患有癌症等长期疾病，而另一些人则有人格障碍或心理问题。）可知，Dudley学校的学生特别之处在于，他们有很多问题。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“ The book has proved very popular, giving students a sense of motivation and achievement.（事实证明，这本书很受欢迎，给了学生一种动力和成就感。）”可知，这本书的出版对学生们来说，他们会得到更多的启发。故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。阅读文章内容，并根据第一段“Reading and writing poetry is a very personal experience. Poets use language as a way of expressing their feelings. （读诗和写诗是一种非常个人化的体验。诗人用语言来表达他们的感情。）可知，文章主要讲述读诗歌和写诗歌是一种非常个人的体验。诗人们用语言来表达他们的各种各样的情感，无论积极的还是消极的情感。诗歌的另一个用途是可作为一种治疗手段方式来帮助人们。由此可知，本文主要讲述诗歌的力量。故选B。
D
When Benjamin Cherkasky was in eighth grade, he quit the swim team. It wasn’t because he lacked the passion; he just couldn’t accept failures in matches.
A US therapist who researches perfectionism at Northwestern University realized years later what had happened. Cherkasky’s perfectionism was creating unrealistic standards. Unable to meet them, he quit.
“My perfectionism contributed to very high expectations, and that caused real suffering,” he said.
Cherkasky is not alone in feeling that perfectionism can cause anxiety. So many millennials suffer from the ills of perfectionism that psychologists are issuing warnings and schools are pointing up the need to accept failure.
Northwestern had held several lectures that offered tips on how students could deal with a perfectionism problem.
Jessica Rohlfing Pryor, a psychologist leading the events, said every generation is a sponge for the messages it receives. “Millennials, more than any other generation in American society, are receiving clear messages around achieving,” she said. “There’s an absence of messaging that trying your hardest is still OK.”
Researchers also mentioned that social media adds comparative pressure, along with the drive to earn money and achieve career goals. Perfectionists often create even higher goals, which can lead to a higher risk of failure.
In college, Cherkasky found himself surrounded by so many intelligent people that he felt he should have been achieving a higher level than he was. “It makes you feel kind of crazy,” he said.
This type of thinking can lead people to putting in less effort, which, as they fall behind, can create more anxiety. “It makes people feel kind of isolated.” And that, Cherkasky added, “can cause students to move away from their school”.
Northwestern is not the only school eager to help students
Brown University includes perfectionism in its advising services, asking students if they ever feel that what they achieve isn’t good enough.
12. What was the real factor for Cherkasky to quit the swim team?
A. Little passion. B. Frequent matches.
C. High expectations. D. Changeable standards.
13. Why do researchers think millennials suffer more from perfectionism?
A. They own the same social goal. B. They go for success with little effort.
C. They’re forced to accept failure. D. They’re troubled by achieving more.
14. What advice can be good for perfectionists from the text?
A. Avoiding social media. B. Lowering their risk of failure.
C. Doing their best is good enough. D. Giving up school is acceptable.
15. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Battling Perfectionism B. Tolerating Perfectionism
C. Experiencing Failure D. Enjoying Achievement
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. C 15. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如今非常多的千禧一代遭受完美主义之苦，以至于心理学家发出了警告，学校也指出了接受失败的必要性。文章分析了造成他们患完美主义的原因、完美主义导致的不良影响以及处理完美主义问题的建议。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“My perfectionism contributed to very high expectations, and that caused real suffering(我的完美主义导致了很高的期望，这才导致了真正的痛苦)”可知，Cherkasky退出游泳队的真正原因是过高的期望。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段中“‘Millennials, more than any other generation in American society, are receiving clear messages around achieving,’ she said.(她说：‘千禧一代比美国社会的其他任何一代都更多地接收到关于成就的明确信息。’)”和倒数第三段“This type of thinking can lead people to putting in less effort, which, as they fall behind, can create more anxiety. ”（这种思维方式会导致人们付出更少的努力，而当他们落后时，就会产生更多的焦虑。）可知，研究人员认为千禧一代更容易患完美主义，因为他们为想要成就更多而烦恼。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段中“‘Millennials, more than any other generation in American society, are receiving clear messages around achieving,’ she said. ‘There’s an absence of messaging that trying your hardest is still OK.’(她说：‘千禧一代比美国社会的其他任何一代都更多地接收到关于成就的明确信息。没有传达出这样的信息：尽最大努力仍然可以。’)”可推知，千禧一代患完美主义的主要原因是渴望更多的成就，而没有人告诉他们尽力而为就可以，所以“尽力而为就够了”是给完美主义者的好建议。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“Cherkasky is not alone in feeling that perfectionism can cause anxiety. So many millennials suffer from the ills of perfectionism that psychologists are issuing warnings and schools are pointing up the need to accept failure.(Cherkasky并不是唯一一个感到完美主义会导致焦虑的人。如此多的千禧一代饱受完美主义之苦，以至于心理学家发出了警告，学校也指出了接受失败的必要性)”结合文章还分析了造成千禧一代患完美主义的原因、完美主义导致的不良影响以及处理完美主义问题的建议。可知，A选项“与完美主义作斗争”最符合文章标题。故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A “gap year” is a period of time when a student takes a break before going to university, or before a postgraduate course. ___16___That helps young people with useful learning experiences, new skills and makes them more independent. Employers and universities want to see evidence of enterprise, maturity and commitment.
Many choose to do voluntary work. This could include teaching in the mountains in Nepal, a conservation project in Madagascar. ___17___The top five travel destinations were Tibet, Indonesia, Taiwan, Eastern Europe and Canada.
___18___Some young people look for work if they need to earn money for accommodation and food. Popular jobs include bar work, fruit picking and being a tour guide.
Julie Taylor graduated from Hull University and now works as a manager in an international company. She says: “During my gap year, I spent four months in Kenya teaching English, art and physical education to children aged 8-18. ___19___I am very happy that I didn’t head off to university straight after school because I learned a lot about myself. I worked beforehand to pay for the trip, showing I had good self-motivation and organizational skills, and I was able to get by on very little money. Employers see that climbing to an altitude of 4,985m shows strength and determination. ___20___”
A. How do the students like it?
B. It is often spent in traveling or working.
C. Not everyone can put that on their resumes (简历)!
D. I am very proud that I worked and travelled a lot there.
E. Lots of gap year students just want to see more of the world.
F. Then I travelled the country and even climbed Mount Kenya.
G. Most students for a gap year take on a part-time job to save up for the trip.
【答案】16. B 17. E 18. G 19. F 20. C
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了间隔年和学生在间隔年的活动。
【16题详解】
根据前句“A “gap year” is a period of time when a student takes a break before going to university, or before a postgraduate course.(“间隔年”是指学生在上大学或研究生课程之前的一段时间。)”可知，这里介绍“间隔年”的定义和用途。所以选择项B“It is often spent in traveling or working.(通常用于旅游或工作。) ”符合上下文语境。选择项中“It”代指前句中的“gap year”。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据后句“The top five travel destinations were Tibet, Indonesia, Taiwan, Eastern Europe and Canada. (排名前五的旅游目的地分别是西藏、印度尼西亚、台湾、东欧和加拿大。)”可知，很多学生利用间隔年来旅游，多看看世界。所以选择项E“Lots of gap year students just want to see more of the world. (很多间隔年的学生只是想多看看世界。) ”符合上下文语境。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据前句“Some young people look for work if they need to earn money for accommodation and food. (一些年轻人如果需要挣钱住宿和买食物，就去找工作。)”可知，这里介绍为“间隔年”旅行需要做的准备。所以选择项G“Most students for a gap year take on a part-time job to save up for the trip. (大多数学生在间隔年做兼职工作，为旅行攒钱。) ”符合上下文语境。选择项中“job”和前句中的“work”相一致。故选G。
【19题详解】
根据前句“She says: “During my gap year, I spent four months in Kenya teaching English, art and physical education to children aged 8-18. (她说：“在我的间隔年，我花了4个月在肯尼亚教8-18岁的孩子英语、艺术和体育。)”可知，这里介绍Julie Taylor在间隔年的经历。所以选择项F“Then I travelled the country and even climbed Mount Kenya. (然后我游历了这个国家，甚至还爬上了肯尼亚山。) ”符合上下文语境。选择项中“Kenya”和前句中的“Kenya”相一致。故选F。
【20题详解】
根据前文“I worked beforehand to pay for the trip, showing I had good self-motivation and organizational skills, and I was able to get by on very little money. Employers see that climbing to an altitude of 4,985m shows strength and determination. (我提前工作来支付这次旅行的费用，这表明我有良好的自我激励和组织能力，而且我能够靠很少的钱生活。雇主们认为爬到4985米的高度显示了力量和决心。)”可知，这里介绍Julie Taylor在间隔年所体现的良好优点。所以选择项C“Not everyone can put that on their resumes (简历)!(不是每个人都能把这些写进简历的!)”符合上下文语境。选择项中“that”代指前句中Julie Taylor的良好优点。故选C。
第三部分 语言知识运用 （共两节，满分45分）
第一节 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A homeless student just graduated from his high school with an excellent score in Texas this month.The student is Derrick Ngo, 18, who had a troubled childhood, growing up without a ___21___and finding his mother in and out of prison through the years.
Before his ___22___, Ngo had been to 12 different schools. At 15, he started to ___23___by himself with the little help of his mother, but it was barely enough that he ended up ___24___about two years later. Ngo ___25___his childhood to VOA the other day. “We often didn’t have that much food. We didn’t have that much money. We didn’t have a stable ___26___of income and one of my biggest struggles in ___27___was that lack of parental guidance.”
Determined to ___28___his future, Ngo left all his ___29___behind, and buried himself into his studies, which eventually landed him as the ____30____student of his class at Energy Institute High School. “I bet that ____31____ I didn’t use school, education and the resources that were ____32____to me, then there would be no way that I would get out of the ____33____I was in,” he said.
In December, Ngo learned that he had been ____34____by Harvard, where he will be attending this fall. “It was, at first, a ____35____…I just got into Harvard. My heart was ____36____.” he said. He was excited very much. The young man ____37____his success to discipline and laser-like (激光一样的) ____38____on final aims. “With a dream in your heart, you will have a ____39____goal that you’re working towards. Although it’s not real yet, it is ____40____that is going to be real one day.”
21. A. relative B. partner C. father D. servant
22. A. birth B. growth C. prison D. success
23. A. travel B. explore C. live D. beg
24. A. aimless B. speechless C. hopeless D. homeless
25. A. recalled B. contributed C. confirmed D. connected
26. A. account B. source C. idea D. concept
27. A. setting off B. showing off C. growing up D. rising up
28. A. affect B. change C. experience D. predict
29. A. savings B. energy C. mistakes D. misfortune
30. A. independent B. reliable C. top D. average
31. A. if B. whether C. because D. when
32. A. visible B. available C. strange D. difficult
33. A. trouble B. debt C. danger D. journey
34. A. praised B. invited C. educated D. accepted
35. A. joke B. lie C. shock D. sigh
36. A. beating B. racing C. aching D. sinking
37. A. owes B. mentions C. applies D. devotes
38. A. effect B. focus C. speed D. power
39. A. specific B. safe C. tiny D. secret
40. A. anybody B. anything C. somebody D. something
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. C 36. B 37. A 38. B 39. A 40. D
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。短文主要讲了一个无家可归的高中生以优异的成绩毕业，被哈佛大学录取。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这名学生名叫Derrick Ngo，今年18岁。他的童年很不幸，在没有父亲的环境下长大，多年来他的母亲经常出入监狱。A. relative亲戚；B. partner伙伴；C. father父亲；D. servant仆人。根据后文的finding his mother in and out of prison可以推测父亲不在身边。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他成功之前，Ngo已经去了12所不同的学校。A. birth出生；B. growth生长；C. prison监狱；D. success成功。第一段说Ngo高中毕业取得优异成绩，所以是在成功之前。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：15岁时，他开始在几乎没有母亲的帮助下独自生活，但这还不足以让他在大约两年后无家可归。A. travel旅行；B. explore探险；C. live居住、生活; D. beg乞求。根据后文说Ngo无家可归，所以这里先是独自生活了一段时间。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. aimless无目的的；B. speechless说不出话的；C. hopeless无希望的；D. homeless无家可归的。由第一段A homeless student，可知，Ngo无家可归。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：前几天，Ngo在美国之音上回忆了他的童年。A. recalled回想起；B. contributed贡献；C. confirmed确认；D. connected连接。根据“his childhood”可知是回想童年的事情。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们没有稳定的收入来源，成长过程中最大的困难之一就是缺乏父母的指导。A. account账户；B. source来源；C. idea主意；D. concept概念。前文说who had a troubled childhood, growing up without a ___1___and finding his mother in and out of prison through the years. Ngo从小没有父亲，母亲还经常进监狱，所以没有稳定的收入来源。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们没有稳定的收入来源，成长过程中最大的困难之一就是缺乏父母的指导。A. setting off出发；B. showing off炫耀；C. growing up长大；D. rising up上升。Ngo没有父亲陪伴，所以成长过程中缺少指导。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意: 为了改变自己的未来，他把所有的不幸抛在脑后，埋头于学习之中。A. affect影响；B. change改变；C. experience经历；D. predict预测。此处指的是Ngo想改变自己糟糕的现状，也改变自己的未来。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. savings储蓄；B. energy能量；C. mistakes错误；D. misfortune不幸。Ngo从小的生活很不幸，所以是把不幸抛在脑后。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最终他成为了能源学院高中的尖子生。 A. independent独立的；B. reliable可依赖的；C. top顶尖的、名列前茅的；D. average平均的。前文说到“A homeless student just graduated from his high school with an excellent score”，可知Ngo在学校学习很好，是尖子生。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：我敢打赌，如果我不利用学校、教育和现有的资源，我就无法摆脱我所处的困境。A. if如果；B. whether是否；C. because因为；D. when当。此处表示假设，所以是如果。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我敢打赌，如果我不利用学校、教育和现有的资源，我就无法摆脱我所处的困境。A. visible可视的；B. available可获得的；C. strange奇怪的；D. difficult困难的。学校的教育资源对Ngo来说是可获得的。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我敢打赌，如果我不利用学校、教育和现有的资源，我就无法摆脱我所处的困境。A. trouble困难、麻烦；B. debt债务；C. danger危险；D. journey旅行。此处指Ngo摆脱自己糟糕的处境。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在12月份，Ngo得知他已经被哈佛录取了。A. praised夸赞；B. invited邀请；C. educated教育；D. accepted接受。根据by Harvard可知是被学校录取，be accepted by表示被录取。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一开始，这是很让人震惊的消息。A. joke笑话；B. lie谎言；C. shock震惊；D. sigh叹气。Ngo被哈佛录取，自己感觉很震惊，不敢相信。故选C项。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的心跳加速。A. beating击打；B. racing全速前进（引申为心跳加速）；C. aching痛；D. sinking沉。后文提到“He was excited very much”，可知Ngo心跳加速。故选B项。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个年轻人把他的成功归功于严于律己和对最终目标的高度专注。A. owes归功于；B. mentions提到；C. applies应用；D. devotes贡献。此处表示自己的严于律己和对最终目标的高度专注导致了自己的成功，所以是归功于。故选A项。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意: 这个年轻人把他的成功归功于严于律己和对最终目标的高度专注。A. effect影响；B. focus集中；C. speed速度；D. power力量。根据前文and buried himself into his studies, Ngo集中于一个目标，即埋头努力学习，所以是集中。故选B项。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：心中有梦想，你就会有一个明确的目标，你会为之努力。A. specific具体的；B. safe安全的；C. tiny微小的；D. secret秘密的。前文说心中有梦想，所以此梦想即一个明确的目标。故选A项。
【40题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：虽然它还不是事实，但总有一天它会成为现实的。A. anybody任何人；B. anything任何事；C. somebody某人；D. something某事。梦想一开始不是事实，但是后来实现梦想，梦想就成为现实了，所以这里指代梦想成为了某事，即梦想实现。故选D项。
第 II 卷（非选择题，共50分）
注意：将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
第三部分 语言知识运用 （共两节，满分45分）
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It’s early February, the beginning ___41___a new semester here at Yale.
I’ve just chosen my elective courses and my schedule has been set: Five classes this time. It wasn’t an easy decision, but ___42___(lucky), I made it.
Elective courses are important for American students ___43___a certain number of them are required for graduation. Even at a place like Yale, where more than 2,000 courses ___44___(offer) each semester, picking courses can be a long and annoying process.
At US schools, whether a student gets into a class ___45___(depend) on several factors. Graduating seniors who need to take certain courses for their major are almost always given top priority(优先). Freshmen, on the other hand, get to make a ___46___(choose) about their courses last. Another factor is one’s major, ___47___this is not always the case. Most professors give priority to students majoring in their department, since many majors require students to take a certain number of electives (选修课) ___48___(graduate).
However, some professors prefer to see some variety in their class makeup as it makes far more ___49___(interest) discussions. Variety in backgrounds helps to create exciting and sometimes even heated class discussions.
At Yale, most students end up ____50____(get) most of the courses they want.
【答案】41. of 42. luckily
43. since/because/as
44. are offered
45. depends
46. choice 47. but
48. to graduate
49. interesting
50. getting
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。作者通过自己的例子向我们说明，对于美国学生来说选修课程是非常重要的。介绍了美国学生选课的一些知识。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：现在是二月初，耶鲁大学新学期的开始。结合句意表示“……的开始”短语为the beginning of。故填of。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：这不是一个容易的决定，但幸运的是，我做到了。修饰后文整个句子应用副词luckily，作状语。故填luckily。
【43题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：选修课对美国学生来说很重要，因为有一部分是毕业必需的。此处引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”可用since/because/as引导。故填since/because/as。
【44题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：即使是像耶鲁这样每学期开设2000多门课程的地方，选课也可能是一个漫长而恼人的过程。此处陈述客观事实应用一般现在时，且主语与为谓语动词构成被动关系， 故用一般现在时的被动语态。主语为courses，谓语动词用复数。故填are offered。
【45题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在美国学校，学生能否进入一个班级取决于几个因素。根据上文gets可知应用一般现在时，且主语为whether a student gets into a class，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填depends。
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：另一方面，新生最后才可以选择他们的课程。根据上文“make a”可知此处应填单数名词choice，作宾语。故填choice。
【47题详解】
考查连词。句意：另一个因素是一个人的主要因素，但是情况并非总是如此。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，表“但是”应用连词but。故填but。
【48题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：大多数教授会优先考虑本系的学生，因为很多专业要求学生必须选修一定数量的选修课才能毕业。分析句子结构可知graduate在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且本句中作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to graduate。
【49题详解】
考查形容词。句意：然而，一些教授更喜欢看到他们的课堂组成多样化，因为这样可以使讨论更有趣。修饰后文名词discussions应用形容词interesting，作定语。故填interesting。
【50题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在耶鲁，大多数学生最终都能得到他们想要的大部分课程。结合句意表示“最终……”可知短语为end up doing sth.。故填getting。
第四部分 写作（共两节,满分35分)
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起)不计分。
Once during a flight, I sit next to an old man named Cliff, which was a fan of China. He had been studying Chinese for years, and he tried his best to learning a few new words every day. My friendly neighbor shared some of his life story with me, too. He had owned several businesses and had been failed in a number of them. However, Cliff thought his life was quite successfully. He spoke of his failure with same interest as he talked about his success. His life was wonderful but his experiences were meaningful. I never spoke ill of the people in his life and was thankful with all of them.
【答案】1. sit→sat 2. which→who 3.learning→learn 4. story→stories 5. been去掉 6. successfully→successful 7. same前面加the 8. but→and 9. I→He 10. with→to
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文，作者主要描述了自己在坐飞机时邻座的老人跟自己分享生活经历的故事。
【51题详解】
考查时态。句意：有一次乘飞机时，我坐在一位名叫克里夫的老人旁边，他是中国的粉丝。根据后文的was以及上下文可知，此处是描述过去发生的事情，所以用一般过去时态，故将sit改为sat。
52题详解】
考查非限定性定语从句。句意同上。此处为非限定性定语从句，关系词指代先行词an old man（指人）并在从句中作主语，故将which改为who。
【53题详解】
考查不定式。句意：他尽最大的努力每天学习一些新词汇。try one's best to do sth表示“尽某人最大努力做某事”，此处需要用不定式to learn，故将learning改为learn。
【54题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：我友善的邻座还跟我分享他生活当中的故事。根据前文的some可知此处指不止一个故事，所以用名词的复数形式，故将story改为stories。
【55题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：他经营过几家企业，其中几家都倒闭了。He 与failed之间是主动关系，不用被动语态，been是多余的，故去掉been。
【56题详解】
考查形容词。句意：克里夫认为他的生活非常成功。根据前文的was，此处用形容词作表语，故将successfully改为successful。
【57题详解】
考查冠词。句意：他以同样的兴致谈论他的失败，就像他谈论他的成功一样。the same表示“相同的”，是固定搭配，故same前面加the。
【58题详解】
考查连词。句意：他的生活很精彩，他的经历很有意义。根据句意可知前后是并列而非转折关系，所以用and连接，故将but改为and。
【59题详解】
考查人称代词。句意：他在生活中从不说别人的坏话，对所有人都心存感激。根据后文的in his life，可知此处是描述克里夫，应该用第三人称，故将I改为He。
【60题详解】
考查介词。句意同上。be thankful to sb表示“对...心存感激”，是固定短语，故将with改为to。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 针对目前学生在食堂用餐时的浪费现象，学校英语俱乐部决定开展一次征文活动，题目是“Saving Food Is Our Duty”。请你写一篇英语征文，内容包括：
1. 食物浪费现象；
2. 节俭用餐的意义；
3. 你有何建议。
注意：
1 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Saving Food Is Our Duty
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Saving Food Is Our Duty
Nowadays, wasting food seems very common. Take our school canteen for example, some students tend to fetch more food than they can, so some ends up in the dustbin. What a pity!
Saving food is a virtue. Now we can enjoy nice, rich and safe foods in the peaceful times, but it doesn’t mean forgetting where they are from and what happened in hungry days. Besides, saving is also good for saving resources and living healthily. As young students, we should regard saving food as our duty, too. When eating in the school, we’d better fetch a small order to avoid unnecessary waste. If there are leftovers, we can take them back home.
In short, it’s time to make a change for saving food. Let’s mean what we say!
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生针对目前学生在食堂用餐时的浪费现象，描述如何节俭用餐。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。
要求：
1. 食物浪费现象；
2. 节俭用餐的意义；
3. 你有何建议。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
take...for example; tend to; peaceful times; end up; live healthily; regard as; unnecessary waste
第三步：连词成句
1. Take our school canteen for example, some students tend to fetch more food than they can, so some ends up in the dustbin.
2. Now we can enjoy nice, rich and safe foods in the peaceful times
3. saving is also good for saving resources and living healthily.
4. we should regard saving food as our duty, too.
5. we’d better fetch a small order to avoid unnecessary waste.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） （供参考）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last
2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including,
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
【点睛】[高分句型1]but it doesn’t mean forgetting where they are from and what happened in hungry days. （但这并不意味着忘记他们来自哪里，忘记在饥饿的日子里发生了什么。）本句是where和what引导的宾语从句，做动词forget的宾语，where引导的宾语从句缺少地点状语，用连接词where。what引导的宾语从句缺少主语，用连接词what。
[高分句型2] If there are leftovers, we can take them back home.（如果有剩下的，我们就带回家。）此处是if引导的条件状语从句，主句用情态动词，从句用一般现在时。