必修1 Unit1 Friendship（核心素养过关练）-2021年高考英语一轮复习学与练

必修1 Unit1 Friendship

基础练

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1. Teenagers are damaging their health because they play computer games too much.
2. We should keep calm in face of danger, which counts much in case of emergency.
3. Who do you know was the first to put forward the famous saying “Knowledge is power.”? 
4. —So you gave her your phone?

—Not exactly, she said she would return it to me when she could afford her own. 

5. A dancing partner is a person you dance with. 
6. I would be grateful to you for anything you can do for me. 
7. The little boy picked up some German while travelling in Germany. 
8. When it rains, why do we see the lightning first and then hear the thunder (雷声)? 
9. Please draw the curtain(s) (窗帘); the sunlight is too bright. 
10. Remember never to leave your dog loose (松开的).It might bite people around. 
11. Children today spend more and more time inside the house instead of playing outdoors (在户外).
12. Then came a short period of loneliness (寂寞) in her life. 

Ⅱ.单句填空

1. The entire village was destroyed. It now looks entirely different from the previous one. (entire)
2. He made a full recovery (recover) after the operation. 
3. The old man went through a lot of sufferings in the old days. What's worse, he suffered from heart attack when he was in his eighties. (suffer)
4. The room was very dusty when I walked in. All the furniture was covered in dust (dust)
5. Although a great number of citizens agreed to the plan, others disagreed so no agreement was reached finally. (agree)
6. It was raining cats and dogs, thus adding (add) their difficulties in transporting the supplies to the earthquake-stricken areas. 
7. The discovery (discover) of new evidence led to the thief being caught. 
8. He stood up suddenly, upsetting (upset) a cup of coffee on my shirt. 
9. It is high time you settled / should settle (settle) down to your preparation for the coming interview. 
10. Our parents are concerned about our health. As far as I’m concerned, we should talk with them and tell them our concerns (concern)
11. In the real world, however, ignoring (ignore) someone you don’t like can be difficult.

Ⅲ.短语检测

1. He went through (经历) one difficulty after another in the war. 
2. He was asked to set down (记下) the facts just as he remembered them. 
3. Does he suffer from (遭受) any kind of mental disability?
4. The time I spend on the way every day adds up to (合计达) three hours. 
5. They have different interests, but they get along/on well with (与……相处得很好) each other. 
6. She broke the dish on purpose (故意) just to show her anger. 
7. The parents are concerned about (关心,挂念) their son’s health as he keeps coughing every night. 
8. If you are lost in the mountains, stay/keep calm (保持镇静) in the face of darkness, loneliness, and the unknown. 
9. Since you are tired of (厌烦) going to the office every day, why not look for another job? 
10. It is thirty years since my father fell in love with (爱上) oil painting. 

Ⅳ.重点句型

1. The other day while walking (walk) in the park, she noticed an advertisement for photography lessons. 
2. It was the first time that a female had been elected (elect) president in that country. 
3. I find it difficult to recognize (recognize) the handwriting of all the students. 
4. It is your thought that counts.
5. If you miss this chance, it may be years before you get another one. 
6. It is no pleasure staying (stay) at home doing homework all day. 
7. He happened to be (be) upstairs writing something when the fire broke out. 
8. I’d be very grateful (我将不胜感激grateful) if you could take some time to go through the papers. 

Ⅴ.课文语法填空

   Anne was a little girl 1.who/that lived in the capital of the Netherlands during World War Ⅱ. Her family was Jewish, so they had to hide to avoid 2.being caught (catch) by the German Nazis. Her whole family 3.had hidden (hide) away for a long time 4.before they were discovered. She treated her diary 5. as her best friend. She often wrote down 6.what she thought. She then grew so crazy about everything 7.to do  (do) with nature. Once the dark, rainy evening, the wind and the thundering clouds held her 8.entirely (entire) in their power, which was the first time in a year and a half that she 9.had seen (see) the night face to face. What a poor and brave girl she was! In her mind she thought nature was one thing that really must 10.be experienced (experience).

必修1 Unit1 Friendship

提升练

I. 阅读理解

A

【2017新课标II】I first met Paul Newman in 1968, when George Roy Hill, the director of Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, introduced us in New York City. When the studio didn’t want me for the film— it wanted somebody as well known as Paul — he stood up for me. I don’t know how many people would have done that; they would have listened to their agents or the studio powers.

   The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference, we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV. We were respectful of craft（技艺）and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play. Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors: humorous, aggressive, and making fun of each other— but always with an underlying affection. Those were also at the core (核心) of our relationship off the screen.

   We shared the belief that if you’re fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back— he with his Newman’s Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival. Paul and I didn’t see each other all that regularly, but sharing that brought us together. We supported each other financially and by showing up at events.

   I last saw him a few months ago. He’d been in and out of the hospital. He and I both knew what the deal was, and we didn’t talk about it. Ours was a relationship that didn’t need a lot of words.

1. Why was the studio unwilling to give the role to author at first?

A. Paul Newman wanted it.    B. The studio powers didn’t like his agent.

C. He wasn’t famous enough.    D. The director recommended someone else.

【答案】C

【解析】事实细节题。由文中第一段第二句When the studio didn't want me for the film — it wanted somebody as well known as Paul ..可知，摄制组不想让作者出演那个角色的原因是

他的名气不够大。

2. Why did Paul and the author have a lasting friendship?

A. They were of the same age.    B. They worked in the same theater.

C. They were both good actors.   D. They had similar characteristics.

【答案】D

【解析】推理判断题。文中第二段主要叙述作者和Paul建立长久的友谊的原因，由其中的Both Of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors: humorous, aggressive. and making fun of each other一but always with an underlying affection. Those were also at the core of our relationship off the screen.可知，作者和Paul都具有美国演员特有的个性和品质：幽默、有进取心并且爱互开对方的玩笑，但是总是暗含着对对方的关爱之情。由此可知两人的性格相似，故D项为正确答案。

3. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to?

A. Their belief.       B. Their care for children.

C. Their success.       D. Their support for each other.

【答案】A

【解析】词义猜测题。由文中第三段第一句“We shared the belief that if you’re fortunate enough...”可知，作者和Paul有相同的信念，正是这种相同的信念把他们联系在一起，因此，that 指的是their belief.

4. What is the author’s purpose in writing the test?

A. To show his love of films.    B. To remember a friend.

C. To introduce a new movie.    D. To share his acting experience.

【答案】B

【解析】主旨大意题。由作者开始讲述和Paul相识、相知，建立深厚的友谊，到最后讲述Paul生病去世可知，作者写此文的目的是缅怀朋友。

B

【2014重庆】I was never very neat, while my roommate Kate was extremely organized. Each of her objects had its place, but mine always hid somewhere. She even labeled(贴标签) everything. I always looked for everything. Over time, Kate got neater and I got messier. She would push my dirty clothing over, and I would lay my books on her tidy desk. We both got tired of each other.

   War broke out one evening. Kate came into the room. Soon, I heard her screaming, “Take your shoes away! Why under my bed!” Deafened, I saw my shoes flying at me. I jumped to my feet and started yelling. She yelled back louder.

   The room was filled with anger. We could not have stayed together for a single minute but for a phone call. Kate answered it. From her end of the conversation, I could tell right away her grandma was seriously ill. When she hung up, she quickly crawled(爬) under her covers, sobbing. Obviously, that was something she should not go through alone. All of a sudden, a warm feeling of sympathy rose up in my heart.

   Slowly, I collected the pencils, took back the books, made my bed, cleaned the socks and swept the floor, even on her side. I got so into my work that I even didn’t notice Kate had sat up. She was watching, her tears dried and her expression one of disbelief. Then, she reached out her hands to grasp mine. I looked up into her eyes. She smiled at me, “Thanks.”

   Kate and I stayed roommates for the rest of the year. We didn’t always agree, but we learned the key to living together: giving in, cleaning up and holding on.

5. What made Kate so angry one evening?

A. She couldn’t find her books.     B. She heard the author shouting loud.

C. She got the news that her grandma was ill.  D. She saw the author’s shoes beneath her bed.

【答案】D

【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的"Take your shoes away! Why under my bed!"可知，作者的鞋子在她的床下面使她生气。故选D项。

6. The author tidied up the room most probably because ___________.

A. she was scared by Kate’s anger     B. she hated herself for being so messy

C. she wanted to show her care     D. she was asked by Kate to do so

【答案】C

【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知，作者对Kate表示同情，因此整理房间可能是想表示关心。故选C项。

7. How is Paragraph 1 mainly developed?

A. By analyzing causes.       B. By showing differences.

C. By describing a process.      D. By following time order.

【答案】B

【解析】篇章结构题。文章第一段讲述作者不爱整洁，东西乱放，而室友Kate安排得井然有序，说明作者和室友之间的差异。因此第一段主要是通过显示差异组织安排的。故选B项。，

8. What might be the best title for the story?

A. My Friend Kate        B. Hard Work Pays Off

C. How to Be Organized       D. Learning to Be Roommates

【答案】D

【解析】主旨大意题。纵观全文，作者和室友不同的生活习惯使她们的矛盾爆发，但一个电话改变了她们之间的关系，使她们学会一起愉快相处的秘诀：容忍、整理、继续。D项概括了文章主旨。故选D项。

II. 阅读七选五

【2019兰州市高三第一次诊断考试】Have you ever wondered what the real meaning of the saying “A friend in need is a friend indeed” is?     9     True friendship is the one, in which the individuals do not have to maintain good manners with each other. Sharing true friendship is the situation, when the person you are talking about is regarded as one among your family members, and when the relation you share with him/her reaches a stage that even if you don’t correspond for some time, your friendship remains unchanged.

   The trust between best friends is such that if one friend falls in trouble, the other will not think twice to help. If the bond between two friends is strong, true friends can tolerate even long distances. 10         It would not affect their friendship.

   11        They would face it together and support each other, even if it is against the interests of the other person. Best friends don’t analyse each other and they don’t have to do so.

They accept each other with their positive and negative qualities.    12   They know each other’s strengths as well as weaknesses. One would not overpower the other. They would respect each other’s individuality. In fact, they would understand the similarities and respect the differences.

True friendship is marked by selflessness. Best friends support each other, even if the whole world opposes them.    13    If you have even one true friend, consider yourself blessed.

A. True friendship never fades away.

B. Nothing is hidden between true friends.

C. It is not easy getting true friends for the lifetime.

D. For them, geographical separation is just a part of life.

E. True friends don’t desert each other when one is facing trouble.

F. Remember, all the best friends are friends, but not all friends can be the best friends.

G. People talk about the true value of friendship actually without knowing what it stands for.

【答案】9-13 GDEBC

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。在生活中,真正的友谊不拘泥于各种繁文缛节,而是彼此坦诚相待。

9.G  根据上一句可推知,此处表示“事实上人们并不真正了解友谊的含义”,并与下一句对友谊的解释形成呼应,故选G项。

10.D  根据上一句的long distances可知,此处表示距离对友谊的影响,和选项D呼应,故选D项。

11.E  根据下一句可知,真正的朋友会互相帮助,不离不弃,故选E项。

12.B  根据下一句可知,真正的朋友彼此了解,双方坦诚相待,故选B项。

13.C  根据下一句可知,交到一辈子的真朋友不容易,故选C项。

Ⅲ. 完形填空

【2019泉州市高三年级第一次质量检查】When you think of friends, you often think of those who accompany you for a long time. But there is another kind of   14  —one that does not unfold over a long period of time but springs entirely from a particular   15  .

   In my eighth grade, there was Jenny. I loved to stay at her farmhouse with cats and dogs. Eighth grade was a terrible year. We both   16   it, but we didn’t talk about it. On cold winter days, she   17   me how she lied on her pony Redwing’s back. Then we would   18   on long journeys, riding and walking. She left in ninth grade and I   19   her. We had gotten each other through a difficult time.

   Anyone with children knows the rapid friendships formed with parallel parents. To Julie, I will be forever   20  . We met on a   21   in New Jersey. Her twin boys were about the same   22   as my daughter. She lived in the beach town. I lived alone with my   23   a block away. My husband had left for North Dakota, leaving me to puzzle out what to do next. Now,   24  , there was someone I could talk to. For the next weeks, we met at the beach, and I would go   25   with her so that the children could go on playing. The normal state of her little home   26   my broken heart.

Such friends as these often   27   when your own life is off balance; they   28   you till the world settles on its axis(轴)once again.

14. A. classmate   B. friendship   C. marriage   D. neighbour
15. A. custom   B. festival   C. ceremony   D. moment
16. A. overlooked  B. knew    C. forgot   D. preserved
17. A. inspired   B. required   C. consulted   D. showed
18. A. go out   B. make up   C. slow down  D. fall behind
19. A. followed   B. admired   C. missed   D. forgave
20. A. reliable   B. merciful   C. generous   D. grateful
21. A. beach   B. farm    C. playground  D. square
22. A. size    B. intelligence  C. age    D. weight
23. A. daughter   B. husband   C. sister    D. parents
24. A. punctually  B. ridiculously  C. suddenly   D. theoretically
25. A. home    B. downtown  C. shopping   D. swimming
26. A. ached   B. hardened   C. comforted  D. bled
27. A. withdraw   B. arrive    C. disappear   D. gather
28. A. recommend  B. promote   C. tolerate   D. support

【答案】14-18 BDBDA   19- 23 CDACA   24-28 CACBD

【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了一种友谊。作者在困难的时候结识了朋友并且得到他们的帮助。像这样的朋友经常在你自己的生活失去平衡的时候到来,他们会支持你,直到你重新回到自己的生活轨道上来。

14. 根据前文“When you think of friends, you often think of those who accompany you for a long time.”可知,本文讨论不同的友谊。classmate同学;friendship友谊;marriage婚姻;neighbour邻居。

15. 这种友谊只会在特定时刻出现。custom习俗;festival节日;ceremony仪式;moment时刻。

16. “我们”两个人都知道,但是不会讨论这个话题。overlook忽视;know知道;forget忘记;preserve保护。

17. 根据后文作者与Jenny骑马玩耍可知,此处为Jenny教作者骑马。inspire激发;require要求;consult 咨询;show展示。

18. 根据本句的then可知,作者先学骑马,之后与朋友骑马出去玩耍。go out出去;make up和好,弥补; slow down减速;fall behind落后。

19. Jenny九年级时离开了,作者很想念她。follow跟随;admire崇拜;miss想念;forgive原谅。

20. 根据后文可知,作者在艰难的时候遇见了Julie,因此充满感激。reliable可靠的;merciful仁慈的;generous慷慨的;grateful感激的。

21. 根据后文“For the next weeks,we met at the beach…”可知,作者与Julie在沙滩上相遇。beach沙滩;farm农场;playground操场;square广场。

22. 她的双胞胎儿子年龄跟作者女儿的年龄一样。size尺寸;intelligence智力;age年龄;weight重量。

23. 根据后文“My husband had left for North Dakota…”可知,丈夫不在,因而与女儿一起住。

24. 由于丈夫离开了,作者不知道该怎么办,需要找人倾诉。punctually准时地;ridiculously不可理喻地;suddenly突然;theoretically理论上地。

25. 作者和Julie一道走回家,这样孩子们就可以继续玩耍。home家;downtown市中心;shopping购物;swimming游泳。

26. 她小家的正常状态能够安慰一下作者受伤的心。ache使疼痛;harden使变硬;comfort安慰;bleed流血。

27. 像这样的朋友经常在你生活失衡的时候出现。withdraw撤退;arrive到达;disappear消失;gather聚集。

28. 他们会支持你,直到你的世界重新回到自己的轨道上来。recommend推荐;promote提升;tolerate容忍;support支持。