必修2 Unit1 Cultural relics（核心素养过关练）-2021年高考英语一轮复习学与练

必修2 Unit1 Cultural relics

基础练

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1. Jim insisted that the book Mr Black referred to was worth reading.
2. The players selected from the whole country are expected to bring us honour in this summer game.
3. It’s amazing how quickly people adapt to new surroundings. 
4. Of the 30 people on the plane that crashed, only one survived. 
5. The large hall served as a reception room to receive some noted guests. 
6. Be careful with this fine vase, for it is priceless and valuable. 
7. The entrance to the zoo was crowded with many people buying tickets on World Tourism Day, for they could get the admission rate at half price. 
8. They all came to help remove the stones on the road after the slide. 
9. As you know, China has a long history with a number of cultural (文化的) heritages.
10. Whether pollution is directly linked to the disease is under debate (争论；辩论)．
11. RMS Titanic sank (下沉) to the bottom of the sea on its first voyage. 
12. Discussions are held on an informal (非正式的) basis within our department. 
13. The judge cares only about whether the eyewitness has given useful information, which is called evidence (证据). 
14. At the trial (审判), he was announced guilty for theft by the judge. 
15. The bomb was exploded (引爆) by remote control. 

Ⅱ.单句填空

1. It was evident that all the evidence we collected proved him to be guilty. (evident)
2. To my amazement, the amazing news amazed the family and their neighbors are also amazed (amaze)
3. All the experts valued your advice; in other words, they thought your advice was valuable (valuable)
4. Not well and carefully designed (design), the bridge collapsed soon afterwards and people were taken aback. 
5. His plan sounds very good but I’m doubting (doubt) whether it will be practical or not. 
6. Each and every selected (select) seed has come out as expected. 
7. It remains to be seen (see) whether we can take good care of our living environment in the years to come. 
8. Good opinions are worth sticking (stick) to because they can benefit us all. 
9. With the Internet use exploding (explode) in the world, we have more access to worldwide information. 
10. Last Sunday afternoon four of us went to the city gym to play table tennis, only to be told that it was being decorated (decorate). 
11. He got all the wooden (wood) boxes in his house painted blue. 
12. We are reducing the chances of survival (survive) for the entire forest.

Ⅲ.短语检测

1. This is a small house less than (不足) 30 square meters, but a large family of three generations lives in it.
2. He bought her a gold watch in return (作为报答) for her help. 
3. I belong to (属于) a football club and play football every Saturday. 
4. The curious boy wanted to take apart (拆开) the machine and figured out how it operated. 
5. His boss thought highly of (非常器重) him though he himself didn’t think he had done anything special. 
6. The two countries have been at war (交战) for many years. People there are suffering a lot. 
7. 8.In the past hundred years, humans have begun destroying rainforests in search of/searching for (为了寻找) some major resources. 
8. 9.It was better to express your anger, rather than (而不是) bottle it up. 
9. 10.Just have a little patience. We will look into (调查) the case as soon as we have time. 

Ⅳ.重点句型

1. It’s so cold here, you’d better have the stove lighted (light). 
2. The chief editor expressed his doubt whether senior people would enjoy reading such magazines. 
3. You can’t be sure what to expect (expect) tomorrow for you never know what may happen in the future. 
4. I had eaten Chinese food often, but I could never have imagined (不能想象) how fabulous a real Chinese banquet could be.
5. 5.I never saw him again, nor did I hear from him (也没收到他的信).
6. Your life is in danger. There is no doubt (毫无疑问) that you should stay in hospital. 
7. 【2014年全国II卷】 I often imagine what my life will be like (我的生活会是怎么样的) in the future.

Ⅴ.课文语法填空

   People are in search of the former Amber Room. 1. However, what happened to it remains a mystery. The design was 2. in the fancy style popular in those days. It was a treasure which 3. took (take) the country’s best artists about ten years to complete it. It first belonged to the King of Prussia, 4. who  gave it away to the King of Russia. In return, a troop of excellent soldiers were sent as a reward. Later, Catherine Ⅱ had it 5. moved (move) to a palace. Around six hundred candles lit the room, whose mirrors shone like gold. It also experienced a time 6. when  two countries were at war. Some pieces of furniture were secretly removed and even the room itself was stolen.7. Sadly (sad), although it was considered one of the 8. wonders (wonder) of the world, it is now missing. There is no doubt 9. that  it is worth all the trouble and effort to rebuild a new one. The project is highly praised and it 10. serves (serve) as an amazing, valuable relic.

必修2 Unit1 Cultural relics

提升练

I. 阅读理解

A

【2014安徽卷】Should we allow modern buildings to be built next to older buildings in a historic area of a city? In order to answer this question, we must first examine whether people really want to preserve the historic feel of an area. Not all historical buildings are attractive. However, there may be other reasons for example, economic (经济的) reasons-why they should be preserved. So, let us assume that historical buildings are both attractive and important to the majority of people. What should we do then if a new building is needed?

   In my view, new architectural styles can exist perfectly well alongside an older style. Indeed, there are many examples in my own home town of Tours where modern designs have been placed very successfully next to old buildings. As long as the building in question is pleasing and does not dominate (影响) its surroundings too much, it often improves the attractiveness of the area.

   It is true that there are examples of new buildings which have spoilt (破坏) the area they are in, but the same can be said of some old buildings too. Yet people still speak against new buildings in historic areas. I think this is simply because people are naturally conservative(保守的)and do not like change.

   Although we have to respect people's feelings as fellow users of the buildings, I believe that it is the duty of the architect and planner to move things forward . If we always reproduced what was there before, we would all still be living in caves . Thus , I would argue against copying previous architectural styles and choose something fresh and different , even though that might be the more risky choice.

【文章大意】是否可以在历史遗迹的地方建设现代化的建筑？文章对此问题进行了讨论，作者如果在不破坏原来情况的基础上我们是可以这样做的，因为很多现代建筑能够提升城市的品味。

1. What does the author say about historical buildings in the first paragraph?

A. Some of them are not attractive.

B. Most of them ate too expensive to preserve.

C. They are more pleasing than modern buildings.

D. They have nothing to do with the historic feel of an area.

【答案】A

【解析】细节题。根据文章第一段第三句Not all historical buildings are attractive.可知作者认为并不是所有的古代建筑都是很吸引人的。故A正确。

2. Which of the following is true according to the author?

A. We should reproduce the same old buildings.

B. Buildings should not dominate their surroundings.

C. Some old buildings have spoilt the area they are in.

D. No one understands why people speak against new buildings.

【答案】C

【解析】推理题。根据文章第三段第一句It is true that there are examples of new buildings which have spoilt (破坏) the area they are in, but the same can be said of some old buildings too.可知一些新的建筑会毁掉他们所在的地区，同样一些旧建筑也会毁掉他们所在的地区。故C正确。

3. By “move things forward” in the last paragraph, the author probably means”       ”

A. Destroy old buildings

B. Put things in a different place

C. Choose new architectural styles

D. Respect people’s feelings for historical buildings

【答案】C

【解析】推理题。根据横线下一句If we always reproduced what was there before,we would all still be living in caves .如果我们总是重复建设以前的建筑风格，那么我们就会让人生活在洞穴里。可知I believe that it is the duty of the architect and planner to move things forward .中建筑师的责任就是向前发展，也就是说要开发出新的建筑风格，不走老路。故C正确。

4. What is the main purpose of the passage?

A. To explain why people dislike change.

B. To warn that we could end up living in caves.

C. To admit how new buildings have ruined their surroundings.

D. To argue that modern buildings can be built in historic areas.

【答案】D

【解析】推理题。根据文章第一句Should we allow modern buildings to  be built next to older buildings in a historic area of  a city?可知本文是一个讨论：是否可以在历史遗迹的地方建设现代化的建筑。故D项正确。

B

【2014湖南卷】 The behaviour of a building’s users may be at least as important as its design when it comes to energy use, according to new research from the UK Energy Research Centre (UKERC). The UK promises to reduce its carbon emissions(排放) by 80 percent by 2050, part of which will be achieved by all new homes being zero-carbon by 2016. But this report shows that sustainable building design on its own — though extremely important — is not enough to achieve such reductions: the behaviour of the people using the building has to change too.

   The study suggests that the ways that people use and live in their homes have been largely ignored by existing efforts to improve energy efficiency(效率), which instead focus on architectural and technological developments.

   “Technology is going to assist but it is not going to do everything,” explains Katy Janda, a UKERC senior researcher, “consumption patterns of building users can defeat the most careful design.” In other words, old habits die hard, even in the best-designed eco-home.

   Another part of the problem is information. Households and bill-payers don’t have the knowledge they need to change their energy-use habits. Without specific information, it’s hard to estimate the costs and benefits of making different choices. Feedback (反馈) facilities, like smart meters and energy monitors，could help bridge this information gap by helping people see how changing their behaviour directly affects their energy use; some studies have shown that households can achieve up to 15 percent energy savings using smart meters.

   Social science research has added a further dimension(方面), suggesting that individuals' behaviour in the home can be personal and cannot be predicted — whether people throw open their windows rather than turn down the thermostat (恒温器) , for example. Janda argues that education is the key. She calls for a focused programme to teach people about buildings and their own behaviour in them.

文章大意：本文讲述英国承诺，到2050年，英国的二氧化碳的排放减少80%。英国能源研究中心的研究发现，可持续发展建筑物的设计很重要，而改变其使用者的习惯也很重要。

5. As to energy use, the new research from UKERC stresses the importance of        .

A. zero-carbon homes      B. the behaviour of building users

C. sustainable building design    D. the reduction of carbon emissions

【答案】B

【解析】考查细节理解。根据文章第一段首句The behaviour of a building’s users may be at least as important as its design when it comes to energy use, according to new research from the UK Energy Research Centre (UKERC).可知根据英国能源研究中心的研究，建筑物使用者的行为也许至少和它的设计一样重要。故B正确。

6. The underlined word “which” in Paragraph 2 refers to “        .”

A. the ways   B. their homes   C. developments  D. existing efforts

【答案】D

【解析】考查词义推测。此题考查which引导的非限定性定语从句，which指代的是先行词existing efforts现有的努力。故D正确。

7. What are Katy Janda’s words mainly about?

A. The importance of changing building users’ habits.

B. The necessity of making a careful building design.

C. The variety of consumption patterns of building users.

D. The role of technology in improving energy efficiency.

【答案】A

【解析】考查句意推测。根据文章第三段Katy Janda 的话consumption patterns of building users can defeat the most careful design. 及In other words，old habits die hard, even in the best-designed eco-home.可知建造使用者改变习惯的重要性。故A正确。

8. The information gap in energy use        .

A. can be bridged by feedback facilities  B. affects the study on energy monitors

C. brings about problems for smart meters  D. will be caused by building users’ old habits

【答案】A

【解析】考查细节考查。根据文章第四段Feedback (反馈） facilities, like smart meters and energy monitors，could help bridge this information gap by helping people see how changing their behaviour directly affects their energy use可知反馈设备能够缩短信息差距。故A正确。

9. What does the dimension added by social science research suggest?

A. The social science research is to be furthered.

B. The education programme is under discussion.

C. The behaviour of building users is unpredictable.

D. The behaviour preference of building users is similar.

【答案】C

【解析】考查细节考查。根据文章倒数第二段Social science research has added a further dimension (方面），suggesting that individuals’behaviour in the home can be personal and cannot be predicted可知建筑物使用者在家的行为是私人的并不可被预测的。故C正确。

C

【2020合肥市高三第三次教学质量检测】 Examples of effective conservation of places matter to the world. They range from the 1960s Nubian campaign to safeguard Ancient Egyptian monuments from the waters of the Aswan Dam to the removal in 2018 of the Belize Barrier Reef from the List of World Heritage in Danger. Conservation is the core purpose of the World Heritage Convention and it may also be its biggest challenge.

   The following example shows how successes at specific sites now serve as models for conservation and sustainable(可持续的) development. A year after Vienna was included on the World Heritage List in 2001, the World Heritage Committee(WHC) expressed concerns about the architectural solutions and height of four planned towers of the Wien-Mitte project. This development project, close to the Historic Centre of Vienna in the site’s buffer zone, the one that lies between two or more other areas, affected the urban scale (规模)and visual effects in and around the property (地产). As a result of the Committee’s concerns, Vienna changed its building codes and launched a new design competition for the Wien-Mitte project to work out architectural plans with reduced size in keeping with World Heritage protection.

   The successful practice inspired the government of the city to invite over 600 experts and professionals from 55 countries to an international conference on World Heritage and contemporary architecture, held in Vienna in May 2005. The global discussion that followed, detailing an approach to managing conservation and development, was recorded in the UNESCO Recommendation in 2011.

   The Recommendation put forward an all-round and combined approach to balancing urban heritage (遗产)conservation and economic development, arguing that active protection and management of urban heritage supports the goal of sustainable development.

The Recommendation supports the harmonious combination of contemporary involvement into the historic urban framework while holding on to values linked to history, memory and the environment.

【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,主要讲述了城市遗产保护问题。

10. Why does the author mention the Belize Barrier Reef in Paragraph 1?

A. To explain the goal of the organization.

B. To encourage the public to protect the world.

C. To show the positive effect of conservation.

D. To remind people of the environmental problems.

【答案】C

【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段第一句”Examples of effective conservation of places matter to the world.”可知,本段中所列举的例子都是在证明这个观点。故选C项。

11. Why was WHC worried about the Wien-Mitte project?

A. It took up too much public land of the city.

B. It had a bad effect on the Historic Centre of Vienna.

C. Its original designs were not environmentally friendly.

D. Its architectural solutions couldn’t meet safety standards.

【答案】B

【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段”This development project, close to the Historic Centre of Vienna…affected the urban scale(规模) and visual effects in and around the property (地产).”可推知,WHC对Wien-Mitte项目表示担忧是因为这个项目有可能对世界遗产保护产生负面影响。故选B项

12. What did the global discussion focus on?

A. The ways to combine conservation and development.

B. The creation of the new UNESCO Recommendation.

C. The international urban management and development.

D. The styles of the contemporary architecture of Vienna.

【答案】A

【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句”The global discussion that followed, detailing an approach to managing conservation and development, was recorded in the UNESCO Recommendation in 2011.”可知,全球讨论关注的是将保护和发展结合起来的方法。故选A项。

13. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?

A. To examine the challenges faced by global urban planners.

B. To introduce alternative ways of protecting the environment.

C. To stress the importance of the value of history and memory.

D. To promote active conservation and sustainable development.

【答案】D

【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段第一句”The following example shows how successes at specific sites now serve as models for conservation and sustainable(可持续的) development.”和对全文的整体理解可推知,本文旨在促进对城市遗产的积极保护和其可持续发展。故选D项。

D

【2019北京卷】[2020•重庆市七校联考]J. K. Rowling frequently shows there is magic every day. Her Harry Potter series has helped people through times of stress and depression and she is always there to deliver wise words of encouragement.

  She is one celebrity who is very active on Twitter. So when a single dad named Matt Burke sent her a message thanking her for the series, she noticed. Her series had helped strengthen his relationship with his 9­year­old daughter Bailey.

 He included a link to his article titled Being a Broke Parent. He explained how he hadn't found a level of financial stability that allowed him to pay bills on time and take his daughter on more activities and events. The family also doesn't have the Internet or TV, which means there's no “digital babysitter”， and he has to rely on his own creative ways to bond with his daughter. Since he received the series, the main thing that has occupied them these days is reading books together.

  Burke admits that he thought he was “too cool” for the books when they first came out and he was in his twenties, but he's loving reading them now. “We switch off chapter by chapter reading them out loud，” Burke explains. “This not only allows her to get more used to reading aloud in front of someone, but it gets me directly involved in something she loves, and it gives me the chance to be very dramatic when I read my chapters and bring myself into the characters in the book, which has proven to be a ton of fun.”

After hearing Burke's story, Rowling said how honored she was when Harry Potter was a part of his family's life and offered Burke more signed books. Besides, people are also offering to send Burke more books as gifts. For Burke, this experience, far more than gifts, will be what he treasures.

【文章大意】本文主要讲述了英国著名作家J. K. Rowling的作品对一个单亲家庭的影响。

14．Why did Burke thank J. K. Rowling according to the text?

A．She guided him how to write a good story.

B．She encouraged him when he was in trouble.

C．Her books helped him through times of confusion.

D．Her books helped him improve his bond with his daughter.

【答案】D

【解析】考查细节理解。根据第二段最后一句”Her series had helped strengthen his relationship with his 9­year­old daughter Bailey”可知，单身父亲Burke感谢J. K. Rowling是因为她的哈利波特系列丛书加强了他与女儿之间的关系，故选D。

15．What is implied in Burke's words in Paragraph 4?

A．He has found it interesting to read the series.

B．He was too old to understand the series better.

C．He has chosen a better way of reading the series.

D．He hopes to play a role in the drama in the future.

【答案】A

【解析】考查推理判断。根据对第四段的整体理解，尤其是最后一句中的”which has proven to be a ton of fun”可推知，Burke认为朗读这些系列丛书很有趣，故选A。

16．Which word can best describe Burke's experience according to the text?

A．Unique    B．Normal  C．Precious    D．Funny

【答案】C

【解析】考查推理判断。根据最后一段最后一句”For Burke, this experience, far more than gifts, will be what he treasures”可推知，对Burke来讲，这种经历是非常珍贵的，故选C。

17．What is the main idea of this text?

A．J. K. Rowling chooses to help improve kids' health.

B．J. K. Rowling gives a magical gift to a single father.

C．J. K. Rowling has a deep influence on others' growth.

D．Burke comes to know J. K. Rowling through her series.

【答案】B

【解析】考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了著名作家J. K. Rowling的作品所具有的魅力——帮助一位单身父亲加强了与其女儿的关系，故选B。

Ⅱ.阅读七选五

【2020湖南高三六校联考改编】 Natural sites and historic buildings, when left alone, can slowly be in bad condition.    18    For these reasons we must protect them.

“World Heritage” is the title given to places chosen from natural sites and buildings around the world. These places are considered special, valuable and require protection. They may be places of nature or cultural heritages that are the pride of the people in the country.    19    Each is a treasure of our planet that must be protected for us and our future generations.

   Even extremely beautiful natural environments can be in bad condition if they are left alone.  20     For instance, the Galapagos Islands are now protected by rules that stop people from bringing or removing plants and animals to or from the islands, moving rocks and touching the animals. In the US, people are not allowed to visit Grand Canyon National Park by vehicle. It aims to protect the park’s environment from the gas produced by cars.    21    Australia is making stricter laws to prevent agricultural chemicals from flowing into the ocean near the Great Barrier Reef. Efforts are also being made to protect Natural Heritage sites in Japan. In Shiretoko, only a small number of people are allowed to walk on its nature path at the same time.    22    

A. They may also be home to endangered species.

B. Today there are 183 Natural Heritage sites around the world.

C. People can change these places too, just as the wind and rain can.

D. Natural Heritage is valued for geographical characteristics and beautiful scenery.

E. That’s why measures are being taken around the world to protect them.

F. It can reduce the risk of people accidentally stepping on valuable plants.

G. There are even security guards there who can arrest people that break the rules.

【答案】18-22 CAEGF

【解析】本文是一篇议论文。家庭关系的不和谐主要是由于家庭成员之间缺乏交流造成的。本文介绍了几个导致交流问题的因素及一些解决方法。

【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,讲述了保护世界自然遗产和历史建筑的重要性。

18.C  根据前一句“当没人管的时候,自然遗址和历史建筑可能会慢慢地处于糟糕的状态”以及后一句“出于这些原因,我们必须保护它们”可知,C项“人们也可以改变这些地方,就像风和雨一样”符合行文逻辑。

19.A  根据前一句“They may be places of nature or cultural heritages that are the pride of the people in the country.”中的may be places可知,A项中的may also be与之相呼应。

20.E  根据前一句“Even extremely beautiful natural environments can be in bad condition if they are left alone.”可知,即使是非常美丽的自然环境,如果它们不被理会,也会处于糟糕的状态。据此推断E项“那就是全世界都在采取措施保护它们的原因”符合行文逻辑。

21.G  根据前一句“It aims to protect the park’s environment from the gas produced by cars.”可知,其目标是保护公园的环境不受汽车产生的气体的影响。G项“那里甚至还有保安人员,他们可以逮捕违反规则的人”是对上文内容的进一步说明。even表达了上下句之间的递进关系。

22.F  根据前一句“In Shiretoko, only a small number of people are allowed to walk on its nature path at the same time.”可知,只有一小部分人可以被允许同时走在它的自然的小路上。F项“这样就可以减小人们不小心踩到有价值的植物的风险”与之是一种因果关系,符合行文逻辑。

Ⅲ.语法填空

【2019全国I卷】 The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence    23    they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been     24    (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.

   Modem methods    25    tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive    26    (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut    27    (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a    28    (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by     29    (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are    30    (high) than they actually are. Of   31   nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six  32   (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.

【答案】that poorly of/for to perform have reported belief noting higher the are

【解析】本文为科普文类说明文，介绍了北极熊的生存现状。

23.考查同位语从句。根据句子结构分析可知，主句为there be句型，且结构完整，空格后为同位语从句，解释说明中心词evidence的内容，故填that。

24.考查副词用法。根据句意和结构分析可知，此处用副词poorly修饰谓语动词has been studied，意为“研究很少”。故填poorly。

25.考查介词用法。此处tracking polar bear populations作Modern methods的定语，用of 连接，“methods of doing sth.”,意为“……的方法”，构成固定结构。或者意为“对于跟踪北极熊的方法”用for。故填of/for。

26.考查非谓语动词。主系表结构之后，常用不定式作原因或目的状语，句意：跟踪北极熊的现代方法只是在二十世纪八十年代以来开始采用，并且在如此大区域内持续采用是昂贵的，故此处用to perform。

27.考查时态。根据上下文语境，尤其是时间状语in recent years可知，主句用现在完成时态，故填have reported。

28.考查名词。根据其前不定冠词和其后的同位语从句可知，空格处为名词形式，故填belief。

29.考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词by可知，此处用动名词主动形式，故填noting。

30.考查形容词比较级。根据其后than they actually are可知，此处为形容词的比较级，故填higher。

31.考查定冠词。此处为特指，意为“在已知的19个北极熊亚种群中”，故填the。

32.考查主谓一致。根据three are declining，此处数词six作主语，代指前文中的“polar bear subpopulations”，故用复数谓语，一般现在时，故填are。