必修4 Unit4 Body language（核心素养过关练）-2021年高考英语一轮复习学与练

必修4 Unit4 Body language基础练Ⅰ.单词拼写He looked at me curiously, and asked “Who are you?”  With the summer holidays approached, some of the students begin to make plans for their holidays.With only a few people greeting her, the old lady felt much left out at the party.  My cellphone has many functions, but I usually use it to call and send messages.Andy’s face paled with disappointment, perhaps with anger as well.  All the flight (航班) were delayed due to bad weather.  Please decide whether the following statements are true or false (错误的).  The doctor will give you some medicine to ease (减轻) your pain.  As a(n) adult (成年人), you should be responsible for your own decisions.Sometimes we can use our eyes and facial (面部的) expressions to communicate with each other. As you know, smoking is one of the major causes of cancer, so you’d better give it up.Generally speaking, those young people who come from the rich family or high rank (等级) are well educated from an early age.John came dashing (猛冲) in and narrowly knocked into our boss. Ⅱ.单句填空Those athletes representing (represent) their countries are eager to win the Olympic medals.The two high school students will receive free education for their brave behavior, according to a statement (state) released.Facing up to your problems rather than running away from them is the best approach to working (work) things out.  They exchanged greetings (greet) and sat down to lunch.  If you misunderstand somebody, it’s likely to lead to a misunderstanding (misunderstand)Curiously (curious) enough, a year later the same thing happened again.  His writing is quite good while his spoken (speak) English is rather bad.  Fame is often simply (simple) a matter of being in the right place at the right time.  To tell you the truth, I’m truly grateful for your helping me make my dream come true . (true)As a graduate majoring (major) in the English language, I feel excited to write this letter for the position. They have maintained a close association (associate) with a college in the US.The curious boy looked at the box curiously and then he opened it out of curiosity. (curious)6．In time of war, lots of money will be spent on defence and many measures will be taken to defend a country from being attacked.(defend)Hearing what his son said, Mr. King was trembling with anger (angry)．There is a lot of evidence indicating (indicate) that listening to light music benefits our health.At the meeting they discussed three different approaches (approach) to the study of mathematics.Studies show that people who volunteer are less likely to develop (develop) depression (抑郁) than people who don’t.Shandong Province produced 50 million pounds of apples this year, ranking (rank) second in China. Ⅲ.短语检测If you are curious about (对……好奇) American literature, you can read some books about it. I didn’t see his face clearly because he turned his back to (背对) me.  Her warm welcome soon put him at ease (使……安心).  Being afraid of losing face (丢脸), she left the meeting after they found that she had told lies.  A survey says that men are more likely to (更有可能) tell lies than women.  In general/ Generally speaking (总的来说), the northerners are keen on dumplings while the southerners are fond of rice.  When my uncle arrived with a smile, I threw my arms around him to give him a hug (给……拥抱).  When the door was opened suddenly, the boy covered his head with his hands, as if in defence (在防卫).  When she stayed with William, a well­educated person, she felt completely at ease (舒适；自在). Ⅳ.重点句型In short, I did not make my decision to apply for the Lighthouse Project lightly. Neither did my family.  With the final exam approaching (approach), we are busy going over what we’ve learnt this term.  Tom was the last one to leave (leave) the room yesterday and forgot to turn off the light.  When the lost little boy came dashing (dash) into the room, he recognized his mother’s smiling (smile) face.  面对危险，并非所有的人能保持冷静。
①Not all people can keep calm in the face of danger.
②All people can’t keep calm in the face of danger.Standing (stand) at a little distance with open hands shows that I am willing to listen.   Ⅴ.课文语法填空   Yesterday, another student and I, 1.representing (represent) our university’s student association, went to the airport to meet the international students. After half an hour of waiting for their flight to arrive, I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around 2.curiously (curious).The first ones to arrive were Tony Garcia from Colombia and Julia Smith from Britain. After I introduced 3.them (they) to each other, I was surprised to see that Tony 4.approached (approach) Julia, touched her shoulder and kissed her 5.on the cheek! But she stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands as if in 6.defence (defend).I guessed that there was probably a major 7.misunderstanding (misunderstand).     Another cultural mistake happened between Akira Nagata from Japan 8.and George Cook from Canada. When George reached his hand out to Akira, just at that moment, 9.however, Akira bowed so his nose touched George’s moving hand.     Most people greet each other by shaking hands, but some cultures use other greetings as well, such as the Japanese, 10.who prefer to bow.So only using body language correctly can help us avoid cultural mistakes.                       必修4 Unit4 Body language提升练I. 阅读理解A【2020全国I卷】 Returning to a book you’ve read many times can feel like drinks with an old friend. There’s a welcome familiarity - but also sometimes a slight suspicion that time has changed you both, and thus the relationship. But books don’t change, people do. And that’s what makes the act of rereading so rich and transformative.   The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register. It’s true, the older I get, the more I feel time has wings. But with reading, it’s all about the present. It’s about the now and what one contributes to the now, because reading is a give and take between author and reader. Each has to pull their own weight.   There are three books I reread annually The first, which I take to reading every spring is Emest Hemningway’s A Moveable Feast. Published in 1964, it’s his classic memoir of 1920s Paris. The language is almost intoxicating (令人陶醉的)，an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time. Another is Annie Dillard’s Holy the Firm, her poetic 1975 ramble (随笔) about everything and nothing. The third book is Julio Cortazar’s Save Twilight: Selected Poems, because poetry. And because Cortazar.   While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifs, which might add to the meaning I attach to them. But I imagine that, while money is indeed wonderful and necessary, rereading an author’s work is the highest currency a reader can pay them. The best books are the ones that open further as time passes. But remember, it’s you that has to grow and read and reread in order to better understand your friends.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了重新阅读的意义和益处并向读者介绍了作者每年重读的三本书。作者鼓励读者去重新阅读书籍。1. Why does the author like rereading?A. It evaluates the writer-reader relationship.B. It’s a window to a whole new world.C. It’s a substitute for drinking with a friend.D. It extends the understanding of oneself.【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句“But books don’t change, people do. And that’s what makes the act of rereading so rich and transformative.(但是书没变，人变了。那就是使重新阅读行为如此丰富和富于变化之处)”和第二段“The beauty of rereading lies in that our bond with the work is based on our present register. It is true, the older I get, the more I feel time has wings.(重新阅读的美妙之处在于我们与作品的联系是基于我们现在的心理状态。真的，我年纪越大，就越觉得时光飞逝。)”可推知，作者喜欢重新阅读是因为重新阅读可以扩展对自己的理解。故选D项。2. What do we know about the book A Moveable Feas!?A. It’s a brief account of a trip.B. It’s about Hemingway’s life as a young man.C. It’s a record of a historic event.D. It’s about Hemingway’s friends in Paris.【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Published in 1964, it’s his classic memoir of 1920s Paris.”及“an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time”可知，这本书出版于1964年，这是他关于20世纪20年代在巴黎的经典回忆录，是他老年时对那些野心勃勃却更简单的日子的回顾。由此可判断出A Movable Feast是关于海明威年轻时的生活。故选B项。3. What does the underlined word “currency” in paragraph 4 refer to?A. Debt   B. Reward.  C. Allowance.  D. Face value.【答案】B【解析】词义猜测题。根据最后一段中“while money is indeed wonderful and necessary,(虽然金钱确实是美妙而必要的)”可知，前后句为转折关系，根据上下文的语境可推知，“rereading an author’s work is the highest currency a reader can pay them.”意为“但是但重新阅读作品是读者能支付给他们的最高回报”，由此判断出划线词的意思是“回报”。故选B项。4. What can we infer about the author from the text?A. He loves poetry.    B. He’s an editor.C. He’s very ambitious.   D. He teaches reading.【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The third book is Julio Cortázar’s Save Twilight: selected poems, because poetry.(第三本书是胡里奥·科塔扎的《拯救暮光之城: 诗歌精选》，因为诗歌)”可知，作者是由于喜欢诗歌而喜欢这本书。故选A项。B【2016全国I卷】The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap(间隙) with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person’s needs.   Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what maybe implied(暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.   Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.   Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient’s silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了沉默在不同文化背景下的不同内涵。5. What does the author say about silence in conversations?A. It implies anger.        B. It promotes friendship.C. It is culture-specific.       D. It is content-based.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章首段首句The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups可知，作者认为沉默是有文化特性的。6. Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought?A. The Chinese.   B. The French.   C. The Mexicans.  D. The Russians.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中what may be implied is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing可知中国人认为谈话时人们沉默是在思考。7. What does the author advise nurses to do about silence?A. Let it continue as the patient pleases.   B. Break it while treating patients.C. Evaluate its harm to patients.     D. Make use of its healing effects.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据末段末句A nurse who understands the healing value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients可知，作者建议护士要用沉默来治疗病人。故选D。8. What may be the best title for the text?A. Sound and Silence        B. What It Means to Be SilentC. Silence to Native Americans     D. Speech Is Silver; Silence Is Gold【答案】B【解析】主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了在不同文化背景下谈话期间的沉默的不同含义，由此判断B选项可以概括文章内容。故选B 。C【2019贵阳市期末检测】You try to keep your eyes wide open while watching a basketball match or a wonderful firework show in case you might miss something exciting in just the blink of an eye. But in fact, humans blink about 15 times per minute on average. Have you ever missed anything because you blinked? Probably not. Why is that?   According to a new study published in the journal Current Biology in September, our brain has the ability to skip the temporary darkness when we blink. It can keep visual information for a short period of time and then put it together to form an image without interruption.   In order to understand how this works, a group of scientists at the German Primate Center and the University Medical Center Göttingen in Germany conducted an experiment. In the study, the participants were asked to look at patterns on a screen whose direction could be interpreted in different ways, such as horizontally(水平地) or vertically(垂直地). When one pattern was about to disappear and the next one was about to come, the participants had to indicate the direction that the next pattern would appear.   The researchers found that when the directions of two patterns didn’t match, the area in our brain which is responsible for visual memory was activated. This same area showed less activity when two patterns were in the same direction.   “The medial prefrontal cortex (额叶皮层) adjusts current visual information with previously obtained information, and thus enables us to perceive the world with more stability, even when we briefly close our eyes to blink,” Caspar Schwiedrzik explained in Science Daily. He is the first author of the study and also a scientist at the German Primate Center.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，眨眼并不会错过细节并解释了其原因。9. We don’t miss anything when blinking because our brain  can         .A. deal with the missing imageB. remember all that we seeC. imagine what our eyes missD. put our pieces of memory together【答案】A【解析】考查推理判断。根据第二段第一句“According to a new study published in the journal Current Biology in September, our brain has the ability to skip the temporary darkness when we blink.”可知，根据九月份发表在《当代生物学》杂志上的一项新研究，我们的大脑有能力跳过我们眨眼时形成的暂时黑暗。据此可推知，由于我们的大脑能处理丢失的图像，所以眨眼不会让我们错过任何东西，故A项正确。10. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. Our brain.       B. Visual information.C. Current Biology.          D. The temporary darkness.【答案】B【解析】考查代词指代。根据第二段第二句“It can keep visual information for a short period of time and then put it together to form an image without interruption”可知，大脑可以在短时间内保存视觉信息，然后将其组合在一起形成不中断的图像。故可推知，it指代上文中的“visual information”，故B项正确。11. What do we know about the experiment?A. The two patterns appear at the same time.B. Visual memory can be more activated by similarity.C. Participants can interpret patterns differently.D. The different directions activated visual memory.【答案】D【解析】考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“when the directions of two patterns  didn’t match, the area in our brain which is responsible for visual memory was activated. This same area showed less activity when two patterns were in the same direction”可知，当两个模式的方向不一致时，则掌握视觉记忆的大脑区域被激活；当两种模式在同一个方向时，则这个区域显示出较少的活动。据此可知，不同的方向能激活视觉记忆，故D项正确。12. What would be the best title for this passage?A. The Brain’s Structure     B. The Brain’s Activated PatternsC. The Brain’s Special Skill    D. The Brain’s Orientation【答案】C【解析】考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一个科学研究。研究表明，眨眼不会错过细节并解释了其原因，即大脑有能力在短时间内保存视觉信息，然后将其组合在一起形成不中断的图像信息。故C项最适合作本文的标题。D【2020成都第三次诊断】 The palm-forward(掌心向外) V-sign, formed by raising and spreading the first two fingers, has three different meanings in American culture.   The most popular meaning of the V-sign was invented in 1941 by a Belgian, Victor de Laveleye. Wanting a symbol for resistance to the Nazi occupation, he came up with the single letter “V”, which stood not only for his own first name, but also for English victory, Flemish vrijheid, and French victoire. The symbolism of the sign spread very quickly, and Winston Churchill used it constantly in public appearance. Thus throughout the 1940s and 1950s, the gesture meant simply “victory”.   The second meaning came in the 1960s. Because of its military implication, American antiwar protestors used the sign sarcastically(讽刺地) against the arms, so that it became known as the “peace sign”. In the 1970s, the V-sign, which had lost its military implication, was a common greeting among freedom lovers, acidheads, political radicals, and ultimately, young people in general. So by about the middle of the 1970s, it no longer gave clue to the user’s philosophy.   The third meaning is the oldest and least common. American children jokingly put “V”, which resembles “horns”, behind friends’ heads in group snapshots. They are unknowingly reproducing something that southern Europeans would find highly offensive. This mischief, called “horns of the Devil”, is a variant of the European sign of the horns, which is obscene(淫秽的). Here the V-sign means “Your wife has been cheating on you” or, when placed behind another’s head, “His wife has been cheating on him”.   In the United States, the gesture is typically given with the palm facing the viewer. The British use both this version and an older, palm-backward version; the latter is obscene in American culture, and corresponds to the American “finger”. Churchill got some surprised stares in 1941 when, evidently unaware of the vulgar usage, he gave the palm-backward “V” to British troops. In England today you could be a social hermit not to understand the distinction. Astonishingly, however, Margaret Thatcher repeated Churchill’s error after her victory in the 1979 election.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了不同时期V字形手势在不同地域文化中有着不同的含义。13. What’s the most popular meaning of the V-sign?A. Victory.    B. Peace.    C. Cheat.    D. Freedom. 【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Wanting a symbol for resistance to the Nazi occupation, he came up with the single letter ‘V’, which stood not only for his own first name, but also for English victory, Flemish vrijheid, and French victoire. The symbolism of the sign spread very quickly, and Winston Churchill used it constantly in public appearance.”可知,V象征英语中的victory (胜利) 、佛兰芒语中的vrijheid(自由)和法语中的victoire (胜利) 这三个单词。这一手势的象征意义迅速地传播开来。故选A。14. Why did Churchill get some surprised stares according to the last paragraph?A. He was proud of his troops. B. He had wanted to be a hermit. C. He was insensible of the mean usage of the V-sign. D. He wanted to show congratulations to British troops. 【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“Churchill got some surprised stares in 1941 when, evidently unaware of the vulgar usage, he gave the palm-backward ‘V’ to British troops.”可知,丘吉尔没有意识到这个手势的粗鲁含义。故选C。15. What can be learned from the text?A. The V-sign simply means victory since 1941. B. The V-sign meaning peace was invented by a Belgian. C. Thatcher made the same error as Churchill after her successful election. D. American antiwar protestors used the V-sign to greet among freedom lovers. 【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“Astonishingly, however, Margaret Thatcher repeated Churchill’s error after her victory in the 1979 election.”可知,撒切尔在1979年大选获胜后,重复了丘吉尔的错误。故选C。16. What can we conclude from the passage?A. It’s never too old to learn. B. Think well before you speak. C. Actions speak louder than words. D. Try to know culture diversity fully and regionally. 【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。文章主要介绍了不同时期V字形手势在不同地域文化中有着不同的含义,所以,我们要尽力全面了解不同地区的文化差异。故选D。 II. 阅读七选五【2020全国II卷】   Emoji(表情符号) and Workplace Communication   In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play.    17   . It’s been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.   Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear.    18   , encouraging better and more frequent communication.   In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge.    19   . While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually, for those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a learning curve(曲线). The good news is that it’s simple to learn and can be worth the effort.   There is also the matter of tone(语气). Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day?    20   . Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile.      21    and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. And when your employees begin adding smiling emojis to their business communication, you’ll know you have succeeded in improving your work culture.A. Message with emojis feel more conversationalB. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendlyC. Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strangeD. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globallyE. Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestlyF. Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplaceG. An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform【答案】17-21 DAGBF【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了表情符号以及在工作交流所带来的优势。【17题详解】根据前句“In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play.(在亚洲，即时通讯平台正在迅速发展，无论是工作还是娱乐，都有数亿用户)”和后句“It’s been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.(据报道，在一些西方国家，76%的员工在工作中使用表情符号)”可知，前后句都说明了即时通讯平台受欢迎程度。所以选择项D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally. (这些平台的受欢迎程度正在全球蔓延)符合题意。故选D。【18题详解】根据前句“Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear.(使用表情符号可以增加幽默和感情，保持明确的意图)”和后半句“encouraging better and more frequent communication.(鼓励更好更频繁的交流)”可知，这里陈述使用表情符号的优点。所以选择项A. Messages with Emojis feel more conversational. (使用表情符号的信息让人感觉更健谈)符合题意。故选A。【19题详解】根据前句“In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication can be a challenge. (在任何一间办公室，员工年龄从22岁到70岁甚至更大，在交流中找到共同点可能是一项挑战)” 中关键词句“employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond,”与选择项中“all work generations”是一致的。故选G。【20题详解】根据前句“ Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day? (谁没有收到过毁掉了一整天的邮件呢？)”和后文介绍表情的优点，可知，这里陈述电子邮件的缺点。所以选择项B. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly. (即使是一封正式的电子邮件也会显得冷淡和不友好)故选B。【21题详解】根据后句“and Emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. (并且表情符号可以直接促成这种积极的结果)”可知，这里陈述表情符号能给工作场所带来的好处。所以选择项F. Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace. (研究表明，更友好的沟通会带来更快乐的工作场所)故选F。 III.语法填空【2020全国I卷】 Deorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New YearChinese New Year is a    22    (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers    23    (carry) special significance. They represent the earth     24     (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.   These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:Oranges: Orange trees are more    25    decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifs and you see them many times    26    (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.   Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office.    27    (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated    28    health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy    29    (care) for and make great presents.   Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The    30    (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are     31      first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.【答案】22. celebration  23. carries  24. coming  25. than   26. decorated    27. Certainly  28. with   29. to care  30. beautiful  31. the【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了用一些植物、水果和鲜花装饰中国新年的寓意。【22题详解】考查名词。句意：中国新年是一个庆祝冬天的结束和春天的开始。不定冠词a后接名词形式。故填celebration。【23题详解】考查主谓一致。句意：这就是为什么用植物、水果和鲜花装饰具有特殊意义的原因。这是一个表语从句，从句主语为动名词短语decorating with plants, fruits and flowers，所以谓语动词用单数形式。故填carries。【24题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为represent，所以这里为非谓语动词。名词earth与come back to之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填coming。【25题详解】考查短语。句意：桔子树不仅仅是装饰品；more than不仅仅，不只是。故填than。【26题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是很好的礼物，你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好运的信息。句中them指代前句中的orange trees，与decorate之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填decorated。【27题详解】考查副词。句意：当然在假期期间，这种植物是绝对必要的事物。介词短语做时间状语，因此只有改变成副词才能复合句子结构，用副词形式做状语。故填Certainly。【28题详解】考查短语。句意：竹类植物与健康、富足和幸福的家庭联系在一起。be associated with与……相联系。故填with。【29题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们很容易照顾，也很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be +形容词 + to do”结构。故填to care。【30题详解】考查形容词。句意：美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，做成漂亮的装饰。修饰名词branches，用形容词形式。故填beautiful。【31题详解】考查冠词。句意：雪还在融化时，梅花是第一个开花的。这里表示特指，所以序数词first前要加定冠词the。故填the。