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人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 4 Body Language一等奖课件ppt
展开Discvering Useful Structures:-ing frm f verbs
Hw can yu describe the man in the picture? Try t use -ing frm.
The man lking himself in the mirrr is ging t his friend's wedding.
The man having received an invitatin frm his friend is ging t a party.
The man was well prepared, lking at himself in the mirrr.
Hw can yu describe the yung wman in the picture? Try t use -ing frm.
The wman walked acrss the street, staring at the grund.
The wman std at the radside, waiting fr smene anxiusly
The wman std at the radside, crssing her arms.
Hw can yu describe the by in the picture? Try t use -ing frm.
The by being attacked by a fierce dg is scared.
Having been treated badly, the dg began t attack the naughty by.
The dg barked at the by, trying t scare him away.
动词的-ing形式具有动词的特征,同时又具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,因此它可以在句中作主语、表语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语和状语。
-ing形式是由动词原形加词尾-ing构成。-ing 形式同样有时态和语态的变化,以d为例: 一般式 完成式主动形式 ding 主动形式 having dne被动形式 being dne 被动形式 having been dne动词-ing形式的否定形式是在其前加nt
动词的-ing形式做表语的两种含义①-ing分词作表语可以表示主语的内容是什么。Eg:Their jb is building huses. 他们的工作是盖房子。Eg:The real questin is getting t knw the needs f the peple. 真正的问题是了解人民的需要。②-ing分词作表语还可以表示主语所具有的特征。如:Eg:This stry is very interesting. 这故事很有趣。Eg:The prblem is quite puzzling. 这个问题很令人困惑。
分词作表语有两种情况,一种是-ing形式作表语,一种是-ed形式作表语。半使役类动词如excite,interest“使激动”、“使感兴趣”,-ing形式用来描述事物的特征,表示“令人...的”,-ed形式用来描述人的感受,表示“感到...的”。如:excite: exciting 令人激动的 excited 兴奋的
interesting 使人感兴趣的 — interested感兴趣的exciting令人激动的— excited感到激动的disappinting令人失望的— disappinted感到失望的encuraging 令人鼓舞的— encuraged感到鼓舞的puzzling令人费解的— puzzled感到费解的satisfying令人满意的— satisfied感到满意的如:Traveling is interesting but tiring. 旅行是有趣的,但是使人疲劳The pupils will get cnfused if they are made t learn t much. 如果让学生学得太多,他们会感到糊涂的。The argument is very cnvincing. 他的论点很令人信服。
★–ing形式作某些动词的宾语,常见动词如下:mind(介意)suggest(建议)enjy(喜欢)admit(承认)appreciate(感激,欣赏)avid(避免)delay(推迟)dislike(不喜欢)escape(逃脱)finish(完成)frgive(宽恕)imagine(想象)keep(保持)miss(错过) resist(抵抗)risk(冒险)deny(拒绝,否认)cnsider(考虑)Eg:I suggest ding it in a different way. 我建议用另一种方法做这件事。Eg:We enjy attending Miss Li''s class. 我们喜欢上李老师的课。★-ing形式作介词宾语,经常用在一些动介词搭配的短语后面。如:Eg:I'm against inviting him t dinner. 我反对邀请他来吃饭。Eg:They dn't feel like walking that much. 他们不喜欢走那么多路。Eg:Dn't be afraid f speaking English.不要害怕说英语。
★常见的动介词搭配+-ing形式can't help(忍不住)be prud f(以…自豪) be respnsible fr(对…负责)insist n(坚持)keep n (继续)think f(考虑,想到)dream f(梦想)hear f(听说)prevent…frm(防止,阻止)keep…frm(防止,阻止)stp…frm(防止,阻止)be engaged in(从事于)depend n(依靠,依赖)thank…fr(因…而道谢excuse…fr(因…而道歉)aim at(目的在于)set abut(着手做)be fnd f(喜欢)be afraid f(害怕)be tired f(对…厌烦)succeed in(成功地做…)put ff(推迟)give up(放弃)be wrth(值得做…)be busy (in) ding sth 忙于做某事be interested in(对…感兴趣)be ashamed f(对…感到羞愧)
★常见的动介词搭配+-ing形式Eg:I have n difficulty (in) cmmunicating with freigners. 我在和外国人交流没有什么困难。Eg:What can prevent us (frm) getting married? 有什么能阻止我们结婚?翻译练习: Farmers were busy (in) getting in the crps. 农民在忙着收庄稼。 翻译练习: I have never dreamed f visiting that place. 我从未梦想过要参观那个地方翻译练习: He used t spend a lt f time (in) playing games. 过去他常花很多时间玩游戏。
动词need, require, want作“需要”以及deserve作“值得”之意时,后面接-ing形式或动词不定式的被动式。need / want/require/deserve ding=need/want/require/deserve t be dne Eg:The bike needs repairing/ t be repairedEg:These little children require lking after carefully/t be lked after carefully. Eg:Yur shes need cleaning/ t be cleaned. 你的鞋需要清洗一下了。Eg:The rm wants cleaning/t be cleaned. 这个房间需要打扫。
注意:★–ing形式作主语和表语时与不定式t d的区别:-ing形式和动词不定式t d作主语和表语的主要区别在于:在表示抽象的一般的多次性行为时多用-ing形式;在表示具体的或一次性的动作,特别是将来的动作时,多用不定式。如:Eg:Smking is frbidden here. (泛指吸烟)这里禁止吸烟。Eg:It's nt gd fr yu t smke s much. (指你吸烟)吸这么多烟对你的身体不好。
★有些动词既能接不定式t d,又能接-ing形式,表达的意义不一样。如:remember ding sth 记得做了某事remember t d sth 记住要去做某事frget ding sth 忘记做了某事 frget t d sth 忘记要去做某事 regret ding sth 后悔做了某事 regret t d sth 遗憾要去做某事 mean t d sth 打算做某事 mean ding sth意味着做某事 stp t d sth 停下来去做某事 stp ding sth 停止做某事 try t d sth 努力/企图做某事try ding sth 试着做某事
注意:★高中阶段常见的带介词t的短语,后接-ing形式或名词。如:lk frward t(渴望,盼望)admit t(承认)cntribute t(捐助、贡献)get dwn t(着手做)give way t(让位于)keep t (坚持、遵守)lead t (导致)take t(从事)turn t (求助于)stick t(忠于、坚持)pint t(指向、表明)see t (注意、处理)be used t (习惯于)devte neself t (献身于)be equal t (胜任的、等于)be familiar t (为……熟悉)be/get used t(习惯于) bject t(反对,抗议)pay attentin t(注意) adjust neself t...(调整以适应...)
注意:★高中阶段有一些固定的-ing形式短语,如:generally speaking(一般来说)judging frm…(根据……来判断)cnsidering…(考虑到……)talking f…(谈到……,提到……)suppsing…(假如……)等,它们的逻辑主语和句子的主语不一致。这些短语的使用只有-ing形式,不s受逻辑主语分析的限制。Eg:Judging frm his accent, he must cme frm Canada. 从他的口音看他一定来自加拿大。Eg:Cnsidering hw pr he was, we decided t let him attend the cncert fr free. 考虑到他是多么的穷,我们决定让他免费听音乐会。
复习★-ing形式作主语的句型It is n use/n gd/useless/wrthwhile/dangerus/a waste f time /fun等后需用动词-ing形式作真正的主语。为了保持句子平衡,通常用it 作形式主语,而把真实主语放在句末。Eg:It is n use crying ver spilt milk. 覆水难收Eg:It's a waste f time arguing abut it. 辩论这事是浪费时间。Eg:It is n use waiting fr him any lnger.
★-ing形式作主语的句型句型“There is n ding…”表示“不允许、禁止某种行为的发生或存在”时,需用动词-ing形式作主语。 Eg:There is n jking abut such matters. 这种事开不得玩笑。 There is n pint (in) ding sth 干…….没意义。Eg: There’s n pint (in) waiting. 等待是毫无意义的。There is n sense (in) ding sth. 干…没道理/意义
动词allw, advise, frbid, permit等可直接跟动词-ing形式作宾语,不可以接动词不定式作宾语,但可接不定式作宾语补语。allw ding (√) allw t d(×) allw sb t d (√)advise ding (√) advise t d(×) advise sb t d (√)frbid ding (√) frbid t d(×) frbd sb t d (√)permit ding (√) permit t d(×) permit sb t d (√)Eg:We dn't permit smking here. 我们这儿不允许吸烟。Eg:Please permit me t say a few wrds. 请允许我说几句话。Eg:— CanI smke here? —Srry. We dn’t allw_____ here. A.peple smking B. peple smke C. t smke D. smking
Cmplete the sentences using the -ing frm f the wrds and phrases in the bx. Tw are extra. Then state their functins.
amuse teach break dwn call n bw get thrugh assess
1. Bill's jb is ________________ sign language. 2. The theme f his presentatin is __________________barriers beteen grups.3. By __________, we mean “bending ur head r bdy frward as a sing f respect r shame”.4. _______________ three kilmeters f heavy traffic tk mabut 25 minutes.5. We intended t visit the theme park but ended up _____________ Prfessr Zhang.
teaching
Getting thrugh
breaking dwn
-ing frm as the predicative
-ing frm as the adverbial
-ing frm as the predicative
-ing frm as the bject
-ing frm as the subject
Cmplete the sentences using thecrrect frms f the wrds and phrases in the bx. Can yu add mre examples t explain hw yu read bdy language?
lie challenge cnsider individual differences maintaincnsider the whle picure evaluate a patient's cnditin
Rading bdy language is nt an easy task. it can be____________because interpreting the signs that anther shws requires _________________________. In this sense, it can be cmpared t a dctr ___________________________.___________________________ is als key t reading peple's bdy language accurately. Fr example, when ________, sme peple avid eye cntact. By cntrast, thers may __________ eye cntact even lnger than usual.
challenging
cnsidering individual differences
evaluating a patient's cnditin
Cnsidering the whle picture
Read the passage. Underline and crrect the mistakes.
Bdy language is as imprtant as wrds in cmmunicatin with ther peple. The crucial factr is recgnize the fact that bdy language differs in varius cultures, but it is alsimprtant t “d in Rme as the Rmans d”. Fr example, shw the gesture fr “OK” in many cultures can meaning “mney” in Japan r “zer” in France. By cntrast, make such a gesture in Brazil r Germany can being ffensive.Of curse, sme bdy language is sharing by all cultures. Fr instance, waved ne's hand while see yur friend ff is like t say “Gd-bye”, and smile ften gets peple thrugh difficult situatins.
Cmplete the cnversatin by translating the Chinese wrds int English. Using the -ing frm if pssible
Rse (R) is asking schl cunsellr Casey (C) abut bdy language.R: Hw will I knw if smene isn't interested in what I's saying?C: Althugh bdy language is nt the same fr everyne, there ae a few general signs yu can lk fr, such as a lack f eye cntact, being distracted, _____________________(看天花 板) r ther things like a cell phne, their by and feet turning away frm yu, r (突然改变 主意) _________________________.. Yu shuld als simply ask if the tpic isn't interesting r change the subject by_________________(问一个问题). Fr example, “Anyway, that's enugh abut my trip; what did yu end up ding this weekend?”R: What des it mean if smene lks at me all the time?C: That may mean the persn like yu r is interested in ____________________________(逐 步认识你). That type f lk usually menas _________________________(请你继续 说下去)
lking at the ceiling
changing their minds abruptly
asking a questin
getting t knw yu gradually
encuraging yu t cntinue
Rse (R) is asking schl cunsellr Casey (C) abut bdy language.R: What des it mean if a persn stretches their neck?C: It culd just mean that their neck needs ___________(伸展). On the ther hand, it culd als be a sign f _____________________(感到不舒服) with te current situatin. A persn ____________________(经历焦躁) can als act similarly.R: What srt f bdy language can shw that smene is lying?C: This may vary frm persn t persn. Sme peple wuld avid _____________________ (凝视你的双眼). Others wuld als shift their bdies, adjust their clthing, r play with their hair.
feeling uncmfrtable
experiencing anxiety
lking int yur eyes
Make up at least tw sentences using the -ing frm in each functin
·-ing frm as the subject1. Learning is imprtant t mdern life.学习现代生活很重要。2. It's a waste f time arguing abut it. 辩论这事是浪费时间。3. It is n use crying ver spilt milk. 覆水难收
·-ing frm as the bject1. I suggest ding it in a different way. 我建议用另一种方法做这件事。2. They dn’t feel like walking that much. 他们不喜欢走那么多路。3. Dn’t be afraid f speaking English.不要害怕说英语。
·-ing frm as the predicative1. His hbby is cllecting stamps. 他的爱好是集邮。2. My jb is lking after the children. 我的工作是照顾孩子。3. The prblem is quite puzzling. 这个问题很令人困惑。
·-ing frm as the attribute1. There is smene kncking at the dr. 有人正在敲门。 2. They lived in a huse facing suth. 他们住在一所朝南的房子里。3. The girl sitting beside me is my sister.坐在我旁边的女生是我的妹妹。
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