2021届高考英语一轮复习考点20宾语从句考点归纳 试卷

考点20 宾语从句
高考频度：★★★★★
【命题解读】
名词性从句是高考的热点，对于名词性从句考纲要求掌握以下内容：掌握主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句的基本用法，了解同位语从句的基本用法。要求考生在复习备考中应该掌握名词性从句的基本用法；一些易混引导词的辨析；句子的语序、否定前移；名词性从句和定语从句、状语从句的辨析等。
【命题预测】
预计2021年高考对名词性从句的考查仍然不会单纯地考查其语法结构，而是将其融入一定的语境中来考查考生的实际综合运用能力。
【复习建议】
1. 掌握宾语从句的用法；
2. 了解同位语从句的用法；
3. 掌握表语从句的用法；
4. 掌握主语从句的用法；
5. 如何正确选择引导词。
考向一 名词性从句连接词的用法
名词性从句的连接词主要有以下几种：
从属连词that/whether/if，
连接代词what/who/which/whose/whatever/whoever/whomever/whichever，
连接副词where/when/why/how/wherever/whenever。
1.that的用法。
(1)主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用that但不能省略。
☞That they are good at English is known to us all.
☞The problem is that we don’t have enough money.
☞The report that there will be a severe storm in the northern area is false.
(2)一般情况下，宾语从句中的引导词that可省略，但在以下几种情况中that一般不省略：
①当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入语时；
②有多个that引导的从句时，第一个that可以省略，而其他的that常不可省略；
③介词except，but，besides，in等后跟that引导的宾语从句时；
④当when，who，what，where，why，how等引导的从句与that引导的从句作主句谓语动词的并列宾语时。
☞He judged that，because he was a child，he did not understand wine.
☞The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.
☞Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried.
(3)that和what的区别。
that 引导名词性从句时，在主从句中不担当任何句子成分，也没有任何含义；而what引导名词性从句时，在主从句中都要充当一定的句子成分，what可以分解成定语从句中的＂先行词＋关系代词＂，即常说的＂先行词＋that＂。
☞It’s a shame that he has made such a mistake.
☞I will do what I can (do) to help him.
(4)同位语从句与定语从句中that的区别。
同位语从句中的连接词that只起连接作用，在从句中不担当任何句子成分；而定语从句中的关系代词that在句中作宾语或主语，与先行词有修饰关系。如果句子
是同位语从句，就应用连接词that而不能用which。同位语从句一般放在表具体含义的名词后解释说明名词的含义或内容，如以下名词：news，fact，suggestion，truth，plan，belief，doubt，possibility，idea等，而定语从句只是对先行词的限定和修饰。
☞They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again.(同位语从句)
☞The hope they expressed is that they would come to visit China again.(定语从句)
2.whether和if的用法。
☞ (1)whether和if在宾语从句中可以互换，但是作介词宾语时连接词一般用whether。
It all depends on whether they will come back.
(2)后面直接跟or not 时用whether。
☞I didn’t know whether or not he had arrived in Wuhan.
(3)主语从句、表语从句中只能用whether。
☞Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.
☞The question is whether they have so much money.
(4)whether可以引导同位语从句，用以说明前面的名词的内容，if则不能。
☞We ought to discuss carefully the question whether we can do it or not.
(5)whether常与or连用表示一种选择，if不能这样用；whether也可与动词不定式连用但if不能。
☞The question of whether they are male or female is not important.
☞I have not decided whether to go or not.
(6)间接宾语位于句首时或者间接宾语提前时用whether不用if。
☞Thank you，but whether I’ll be free I’m not sure at the moment.
(7)whether可引导一个让步状语从句表示＂不管＂、＂无论＂，而if不能。
☞Whether he comes or not，we will begin our party on time.
3.疑问词＋ever和no matter＋疑问词的区别。
(1)疑问词＋ever可引导名词性从句，在主从句中要充当一定的成分。
☞Whoever breaks the rule must be punished.
☞You can choose whatever you like in the shop.
(2)疑问词＋ever还可引导让步状语从句。
☞Whoever breaks the rule，he must be punished.
☞Whatever you do，you must do it well.
(3)no matter＋疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。
☞No matter what you do，you must put your heart into it.
☞No matter who comes late，he must be punished.
4.when和where引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别。
when 和where前面的名词若是表示时间、地点的名词，则when和where引导的是定语从句，否则则为同位语从句。
☞They put forward the question where they could get the money.(同位语从句)
☞This is the place where the accident happened.(定语从句)
5.名词性从句中that不宜省略的几种情况
宾语从句或表语从句中that有时可以省略，但在以下情况时，that不宜省略。
（1）当动词后带有两个并列的宾语从句时，引入第二个从句的连词that不可省略。如：
The teacher told the students (that) they should hand in their homework the next day and that the homework must be signed names by their parents.
老师告诉学生他们要在第二天交上作业，并且作业必须由家长签名。
（2）当that前面有插入语时，that不宜省略。如：
Little Alice didn't know, I'm sure, that her sister was going to America.
我确信，小艾丽斯不知道她的姐姐很快就要去美国了。
（3）省略答语中，that宾语从句单独出现时，that不可省略。如：
—What did he say? 他说了什么
—That he would visit the Great Wall. (他说)他将会参观长城。
（4）当主句的状语部分位于that 宾语从句之前时，that不宜省略。如：
Jane realized at once that she must do with it herself. 珍立刻意识到她必须亲自处理那件事。(如省略that，at once也可能修饰从句，是表示＂立刻意识到……＂，还是表示＂立刻去处理……＂，较为含糊)
（5） 当that 宾语从句中的状语部分位于从句的前部时，that不宜省略。如：
☞Tom promised that if he could earn as much as 500 dollars in this month, he would buy a computer for his brother. 汤姆许下诺言，如果他在这个月里能够赚到500美元，他就给他的弟弟买台电脑。
（6）当that 宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that一般不宜省略。如：
☞I will never tell anyone that you have ever been there.
我绝对不会告诉别人你曾经去过那儿。
（7）当为了强调而把that引导的主语从句位于句首时，that不可省略。如：
That they would take the risk was very clear. 他们将要冒这个险是很清楚的了。
（8）当主句中的谓语动词是固定词组时，其宾语that从句中的 that 不宜省略。如：
☞Mary has made up her mind that she will study hard for the scholarship, so she can have the chance to go abroad for further study.
玛丽下定决心努力学习以获得奖学金资格，这样她就有机会出国深造了。
（9）当that 宾语从句前有 it作其形式宾语时，that不可省略。如：
We think it important that college students should master at least one foreign language.
我们认为大学生至少掌握一门外语是很重要的。
（10）当引导同位语从句时，that一般不可省略，尤其当that与先行词处于分割情况时。如：
☞He heard the news that his team had won.
他听到了他的队获胜的消息。
☞There is a feeling in me that they are cheating me.
我有一种感觉他们在骗我。
（11）当that 宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或是主语从句时，that不可省略。如：
The doctor said that taking exercise was the best way of losing weight.
医生说运动是最好的减肥方式。
考向二 宾语从句
【难点梳理】
1）宾语从句主要跟在动词、介词和某些形容词之后。
I wish hat he woud understand me. 我希望他能理解我。
Whether we can succeed depends on how well we cooperate.我们能否成功取决于我们合作得怎么样。
注意：
(1)一般情况下介词后只能接wh-类连接词引导的宾语从句。
He'll talk to us about what happened in the classroom.他将给我们讲述课堂上发生的事情。
(2) in, but, except等少数几个介词后可接由that引导的宾语从句，但此时介词和that已形成固定搭配，即in that因为, but that要不是, except that除了。
The high income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.个人所得税高是有害的，因为它可能使人们不愿意努力赚更多的钱。
He would have failed but that you helped him.若不是你帮助他，他会失败的。

I’m afraid that I’ve made a mistake. 恐怕我犯了一个错误。

2）引导宾语从句的连接词主要有：
连接词：that，whether，if等
连接代词：what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等
连接副词：when，where，why，how等
1. 连接词that，whether，if引导
I think (that) you should turn to the teacher for help. 我认为你应该向老师寻求帮助。
I don’t know if/whether he still lives here after so many years. 我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。
注意：
whether/if都意为＂是否＂。一般情况下，它们可以互换，口语中常用if，但以下情况中，只能用whether。
（1）与or not紧接连用时。
Let me know whether or not you can come. 请让我知道你是否能来。
（2）作介词的宾语从句时。
We are interested in whether you will attend the meeting. 我们对你是否参加会议感兴趣。

2. 连接代词what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等引导
She asked me whose handwriting was the best in the class. 她问我班上谁的书法最好。
I’ll just say whatever comes into my mind. 我想到什么就说什么。
3. 连接副词when，where，why，how等引导
Do you know when the ancient Olympic Games began? 你知道古代的奥运会是什么时间开始的吗?
I’ve been thinking about how we can make the newspaper more interesting. 我一直在考虑如何使我们的报纸更用趣。
4. 宾语从句的语序
在宾语从句中要用陈述句语序。
He asked me when we could set out the next day. 他问我第二天什么时候可以出发。
Did you find out where she lost her car? 你查出她在哪里丢的车了吗?
5. 宾语从句的时态
（1）当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时时，其宾语从句的时态可以是任何适当的时态。
She says (that) she works from Monday to Friday. 她说她周一至周五上班。(从句是一般现在时)
she says (that) she will leave a message on his desk. 她说她要在他桌子上留个便条。(从句是一般将来时)
She says (that) she has never been to Mount Emei. 她说她从来没有去过峨眉山。(从句是现在完成时)
（2）当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时，其宾语从句的时态一般要用适当的过去时态。
He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon. 他说昨天下午没有课。(从句是一般过去时)
He said that he was going to take care of the baby. 他说他会去照看这个婴儿。(从句是过去将来时)
He said that they were having a meeting at that time. 他说他们那时正在开会。(从句是过去进行时)
（3）当宾语从句是表达客观真理和规律的句子时，其时态仍旧用一般现在时。
The teacher told us that nothing is difficult if we put our hearts into it. 老师告诉我们世上无难事，只怕有心人。
He said that light travels much faster than sound. 他说光比声音传播得快。
注意：在使用宾语从句时需要注意下面几点：
①动词find，feel，think，consider，make，believe，guess，suppose，assume等后有宾语补足语时，则需要用it作形式宾语，而将that宾语从句后置。
I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day. 我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的。
I have made it a rule that I keep diaries. 我每天写日记成了惯例。
②hate，like，take，owe，have，take for granted等表示＂喜欢；痛恨；认为＂的动词或动词短语和see to表示＂注意，留意＂后有宾语补足语时，需要用it作形式宾语而将宾语从句后置。
I hate it when they talk with their mouth full of food. 我讨厌他们满嘴食物说话。
When you start the engine, you must see to it that the car is in neutral. 启动发动机时，一定要使汽车的离合器处于空档位置。
③介词后的宾语从句。
She is always thinking of how she can do more for others. 她总想着如何才能为别人做得更多。
We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.
我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部。
④宾语从句的否定转移。将think，believe，suppose，expect，fancy，imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。
I don’t think I know you. 我想我并不认识你。
I don’t believe he will come. 我相信他不会来。
【巧学妙记】
宾语从句的用法速记口诀
宾语从句须注意，几点事项应牢记。
一是关键引导词，不同句子词相异。
陈述句子用that；一般疑问是否（if，whether）替；
特殊问句更好办，引导还用疑问词。
二是时态常变化，主句不同从句异。
主句若为现在时，从句时态应看意；
主句若为过去时，从句时态向前移。
三是语序要记清，从句永保陈述序。

1.（2020·天津卷7月·单项选择）15. The student completed this experiment to make come true ______ Professor Joseph had said.
A. that B. what C. when D. where
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:为了使约瑟夫教授所说的成为现实，这个学生完成了这个实验。_________ Professor Joseph had said作make的宾语从句，该从句中，空处在从句中作said的宾语，表示”……所说的话”，因此应用what引导该从句。故选B。
2. （2020·天津卷3月·单项选择）12. My grandmother helped me believe that I could accomplish ____________ I put my mind to.
A. whenever B. whatever C. wherever D. whichever
【答案】B
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我的祖母让我相信，我可以完成任何我专心去做的事情。A. whenever无论何时；B. whatever 无论什么，任何；C. wherever无论何地；D. whichever无论哪一个。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句连接词，从句缺少宾语，应用连接代词，再结合句意，此处用“任何”符合语境，故选B项。
3.（2019·北京卷·语法填空）What students do at college seems to matter much more than ___8___ they go.
【参考答案】where
【答案解析】考查宾语从句。句意：学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里（哪所大学）更重要。这里表达去哪所大学，表示地点，作状语。故用where。
4.（2018·全国新课标卷II·短文改错）The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.
【参考答案】where改为when　
【答案解析】考查宾语从句的连接词。句意：当我是个孩子的时候我父母教给我的纸牌游戏在我日后的生活中证明非常有用。宾语从句连接词并不是表示地点状语，而是时间状语。故把where改为when。
5.（2018·全国新课标卷III·语法填空）I'm not sure _____61_____ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic.
【参考答案】which/who　
【答案解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我不确定哪一个更害怕，我，还是突然出现的雌性大猩猩。此处为宾语从句，空格处表示选择，所以用which或者who”

题组一 基础过关
Ⅰ.用适当的连接词填空
1. ________ it will do us harm remains to be seen.
2. The question is ________ we should carry out the plan.
3. I gave him ________ books I had.
4.As a new graduate, he doesn’t know ________ it takes to start a business here.
5. The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief ________ you are better than anyone
else on the sports field.
6. The question occurred to me ________ we should go to get the car repaired. We were in the middle of the forest at that time.
7. How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on ________ he goes with. whether his friends or relatives.
8. -----Your sneeze tells me you may have a flu.
-------No, It’s just ________ I can’t stand the smell of the paint here.
9. Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell ________ close you may be to victory,
10. It was never clear ________ the man hadn’t reported the accident sooner.
1l. Some experts hold the view that fundamental construction is________ the key to the little island development lies.
12. This is ________they call Salt Lake city.
13. Bob has the mistaken idea ________ tomorrow is a holiday.
14. It is generally considered unwise to give a child ________ he or she wants.
15.1 have no idea ________he will arrive at the hotel.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.After looking at the toy for some time，he turned around and found where his parents were missing.
2.Whoever was responsible for the accident is not yet clear.
3.We never doubt whether he is honest.
4.If she comes or not doesn’t concern me.
5.I feel it a terrible thing which my mother should have to toil so endlessly.
6.The fact is what he didn’t notice the car until too late.
7.The reason why he was late was because he didn’t catch the early bus.
8.Your brother’s health is not which it used to be.
9.Obviously there was little probability which they would succeed，but they didn’t mind.
10.The proposal has been put forward what the flight should be cancelled.
题组二 能力提升
I.单项填空
1. ______________ Tom will win the computer competition remains a secret till next Monday.
A.When B.That
C.What D.Whether
2. ______________ that the Chinese government plans to end its one-child policy and instead let families have two children.
A.It was reported B.What was reported
C.It has reported D.As was reported
3. It is said ______________ the picture shows a Chinese girl standing by the river under a tree, seemingly listening to a bird singing.
A.which B.as
C.what D.that
4. He asked ______________.
A.how much did the iPhone 7 cost B.how much the iPhone 7 costs
C.what was the price of the iPhone 7 D.what the price of iPhone 7 was
5. There will be a bow and arrow competition ______________ to retell ______________ the Plains Indians used to hunt for food.
A.designed；what B.designing；how
C.designing；what D.designed；how
6. People are now eager to find out ______________ the little boy survived the terrible disaster.
A.how is it that B.that it is how
C.that is it how D.how it is that
7. He was seriously ill. That is ______________ he didn’t come yesterday.
A.why B.the reason C.because D.for what
8. The reason why you get into a panic is ______________ you haven’t been well prepared for what’s going to happen.
A.that B.what C.why D.because
9. _________difficult the task may be, we must finish it on time, because there is a possibility_________ we’ll be fired if we can’t.
A.Whatever; that B.However; that
C.Whatever; which D.However; as
10. _________he told Tom’s parents was the news _________Tom had been admitted to a key university, _________, of course, made them feel very excited.
A.What; which; which B.That; that; which
C.What; that; which D.That; that; what
II.语篇填空
I am going to tell you an unbelievable thing __1__happened in my restaurant today.
This afternoon a poorly－dressed gentleman came into my restaurant. Nobody knew __2__he was. We wondered __3__he was so hungry. We were surprised __4__he finished two orders of food in a very limited time.We doubted __5__the man was able to pay the bill. The gentleman asked __6__we would mind waiting for just a few minutes. Then we were shocked to see__7__he took out of an envelope—a million pound bank note.
I asked Mr. Clements__8__it was genuine. Mr.Clements said it was true because two of this amount had been issued by the Bank of England this year. He thought __9__the gentleman showed them couldn’t be a fake.
__10__a gentleman with a million pound note was in rags and ate in our small restaurant was a big puzzle to all the people there. I really couldn’t describe how excited I was.
III.语法填空
Dear helpful Hannah,
I’ve got a problem with my husband, Sam. He bought a smart phone last month and took it during our holiday. He has a constant urge 　1　(check) text messages. He’s so addicted to it that he checks his phone every five minutes! He checks it at 　2　(appropriate) times like when we are eating in a restaurant and I am talking to him! He 　3　(behave) as if any small amount of boredom can make him feel the need to check his phone, even when he knows he shouldn’t. The temptation to see 　4　is connecting him is just too great. When I ask him to put down the phone, he says, "In a minute" , 　5　still checks to see if someone has posted something new on the Internet. Our life 　6　(interrupt). It is clear that his dependency on the smart phone has become more than 　7　everyday problem.
I 　8　(recent) read an article about "nomophobia", which is a real 　9　(ill) — people can’t stand the fear of having no phones! I am worried that Sam maybe suffering 　10　this illness because he feels anxious if he doesn’t have his phone with him, even for a short time.
Would you please tell me what I can do to help him?
Sick and Tired Sadie
题组三体验真题
1.（2020·天津卷7月·单项选择）15. The student completed this experiment to make come true ______ Professor Joseph had said.
A. that B. what C. when D. where
2. （2020·天津卷3月·单项选择）12. My grandmother helped me believe that I could accomplish ____________ I put my mind to.
A. whenever B. whatever C. wherever D. whichever
3.（2019·江苏卷·单项填空）Scientists have obtained more evidence ___________ plastic is finding its way into the human body.
A. what B. that C. which D. where
4.(2018·北京T15 ) This is _________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.
A. how B. which C. that D. what
5.(2018·江苏T21) By boat is the only way to get here, which is _______ we arrived.
A. where B. when C. why D. how
6. (2018﹒天津﹒T9) The gold medal will be awarded ___________to wins the first place in the bicycle race.
A. whomever B. wherever
C. whoever D. whatever
7. (2018﹒北京﹒T11) Without his support, we wouldn’t be _________ we are now.
A. how B. when C. where D. why
8. (2017﹒北京﹒T23)Every year, ______ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
A. whatever B. whoever C. whomever D. whichever
9. (2017﹒北京﹒T26)Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing ______she was heading.
A. why B. where C. how D. when
10. (2017﹒江苏﹒T26)We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of _______ it used to charge.
A. that B. which C. what D. how
11. (2017﹒天津﹒T4)She asked me _______ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t.
A. when B. where C. whether D. what


题组一 基础过关
Ⅰ.用适当的连接词填空
1. Whether 句意:是否对我们有害还要看一看。此处whether引导主语从句，不充当句子成分，表示“是否”, whether引引导其他主语，表语和同位语从句时不能换成if。
2. how句意:问题是怎样执行这个计划。该空引导表语从句，结2合句意可知填连接词how。
3. what句意:我把我所有的书都给他了。此处what引导宾语从句，用作限定词，其后修饰复数名词或不可数名词，但通常不能是单数可数名词,表示“..... 所..."。
4.what 句意:作为一名应届毕业生，他不知道需要什么才能在这里经营。该空引导宾语从句，从句中takes是谓语动词,其后缺少宾语, 故填连接代词what。
5.that句意:在最高水平中成功的唯一 的方法就是要完全相信在(那个)运动场上，你比其他任何人都优秀。本题空格处引导的句子为同位语从句，从句结构和意义究整,填that。
6. where句意:我突然想起这个问题，我们该到哪里去修车，当时我们正在森林的中部。根据后面“当时我们在森林的中部"这一语境可确定应用where引导从句作the question的同位
7.who 句意:一个人旅游多么享受很大程度上取决于他和谁去.无论是他的朋友还是亲戚。该空引导宾语从句。根据句末的whether his friends or relatives 可知应是和谁去，故填who.
8. that句意:“ 你的喷嚏告诉我你可能感冒了。”没有，我只是无法忍受这儿的油操味。”分析句子成分可知.
此处是表语从句，从句中不缺少成分.故用that引导。
9 .how句意;不要因失败而泄气。因为你水远也不会知道成功可能离你有多近。______close you may be to victory为宾语从句, 空后close为形容词,故填how。
10. why句意:这个人为什么 没有尽快报告这起事故还不清楚。why引导主语从句。
l1.where 句意:一些专家持有这样的观点: 基础建设是小岛发展的关键所在。该空引导表语从句，表语从句中lies 后面缺少地点状语，故填连接副词where.
12.what句意:这 就是他们称为盐城的地方。该空引导表语从句。从句中缺少宾语，故不可填where,而填what。
13.that 句意:鲍勃错误地认为明天是一个假开。因为该同位语从句是一个完整的句子,不缺少句子成分，所以要用that引导。
14. whatever句意 :给孩子任何他想要的东西通常认为是不明智的。此处whatever引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语，相当于anything that.
15.when句意 :我不知道他什么时候到达酒店。该空引导同位语从句、从句中缺少时间状语、故填连接副词when。
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.where→that　 2.Whoever→Who　 3.去掉whether　 4.If→Whether　
5.which→that　 6.what→that　 7.because→that　 8.which→what　
9.which→that 10.what→whether
题组二 能力提升
I.单项填空
1. D
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：汤姆是否能赢得电脑比赛直到下周一才能知道。remain前面是主语从句，根据句意可知用whether引导，表示＂是否＂。故选D。
2. A
【解析】考查句式。It is reported that...是固定句式，it是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语。What was reported后面要加系动词。故选A。
3. D
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：据说，这幅画表现的是一个中国女孩站在河边的树下，似乎在聆听一只鸟儿唱歌。It是形式主语，真正的主语是空处引导的主语从句，从句意义和成分完整，故用that。
4. D
【解析】考查宾语从句的语序和时态。句意：他问iPhone7的价格是多少。He asked后面是宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述语序，而且因为主句是过去时，从句也应该是过去时。故选D。
5. D
【解析】考查非谓语动词及宾语从句。句意：将会有一个弓箭比赛，专门用来重现平原印第安人是如何猎取食物的。design与competition之间为逻辑被动关系，应使用过去分词作定语；根据句意可知，第二空为retell的宾语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，应使用how＂如何……＂。故选D。
6. D
【解析】考查连词和语序。句意：人们现在急切地想弄清楚，这个小男孩是如何幸免于这场灾难的。根据句意，由how引导宾语从句；宾语从句中运用了强调句式，同时宾语从句要用陈述语序。故选D。
7. A
【解析】考查连词。句意：他病得很重，那就是他昨天没有来的原因。所以用why引导表语从句，why在从句中作原因状语。故选A。
8. A
【解析】考查表语从句。句意：你之所以恐慌是因为你没有为要发生的事作好准备。The reason why... is that...＂……的原因是……＂，其中why引导定语从句，并在从句中作原因状语，that引导表语从句，仅起连接作用。
9.B
【解析】考查混合复合句。句意：无论那项任务可能有多难，我们必须按时完成它，因为如果我们不能按时完成它，我们就有被解雇的可能。分析句子结构可知，第一空考查的是让步状语从句，又结合句意可知，用However引导；第二空考查的是同位语从句，用that引导。故B项正确。
10.C
【解析】考查混合复合句。句意：他告诉Tom的父母的是Tom已经被一所重点大学录取的消息，当然，这让他们感到很兴奋。第一个空用What作told的宾语构成主语从句;第二个空用that引导同位语从句，说明news的具体内容；第三个空用which引导非限制性定语从句。故选C。
II.语篇填空
1.that　 2.who　 3.why　 4.that　 5.whether/if　
6.whether/if　 7.that　 8.whether/if　 9.what　 10.Why
III.语法填空
【文章大意】作者的丈夫Sam沉迷于手机，即便在度假期间，他每隔几分钟也要查看一下手机，这严重影响了他们正常的生活。
1.to check
【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处含有an urge to do sth.结构，名词urge后常跟动词不定式，故此处应填to check。
2.inappropriate
【解析】考查词义转换。 此处表示他在不合适的时间看手机，比如我们在餐馆吃饭我正和他说话的时候。结合语境可知，本空应填appropriate的反义词inappropriate"不适当的，不合适的"。
3.behaves
【解析】考查动词时态。根据语境可知，此处作者在描述她丈夫的日常行为，应用一般现在时。
4.who
【解析】考查名词性从句。根据语境"查看谁在和他联系的诱惑是如此强烈"可知，see后的宾语从句缺少主语，故填连接代词who。
5.but
【解析】考查连词。空格前后两句话之间为转折关系，故填表示转折关系的连词but。
6.is interrupted
【解析】考查动词时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，life与interrupt之间存在动宾关系，故应用被动语态。全文的主体时态为一般现在时，故本句用一般现在时。
7.an
【解析】考查冠词。此处problem为可数名词，其前应用冠词，又因为everyday的发音以元音音素开头，所以用an。
8.recently
【解析】考查副词。此处应用副词作状语，故填recently"最近"。
9.illness
【解析】考查名词。由本空前的a real可知，此处应填名词illness "疾病"。
10.from
【解析】考查介词。此处存在固定短语suffer from"遭受，患有……，为……所苦"。
题组三体验真题
1.【答案】B
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:为了使约瑟夫教授所说的成为现实，这个学生完成了这个实验。_________ Professor Joseph had said作make的宾语从句，该从句中，空处在从句中作said的宾语，表示”……所说的话”，因此应用what引导该从句。故选B。
2.【答案】B
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我的祖母让我相信，我可以完成任何我专心去做的事情。A. whenever无论何时；B. whatever 无论什么，任何；C. wherever无论何地；D. whichever无论哪一个。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句连接词，从句缺少宾语，应用连接代词，再结合句意，此处用“任何”符合语境，故选B项。
3.【答案】B
【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：科学家已经获得更多证据，塑料正在进入人们的体内。从句不缺句子成分，且与evidence指代的是同一事件，用that引导同位语从句。故选B。

4. 【答案】D
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：这是我父亲教我的——总是要面对困难，抱最大的希望。“_________ my father has taught me”是表语从句，该空在从句中做teach的宾语，且表示“父亲教我的道理”，故该从句应用what引导。D选项正确。引导名词性从句时，how表方式，意为“如何”；which意为“哪一个”，that在只起引导从句的作用，不做成分。
5. 【答案】D
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：乘船是到达这里唯一的途径，这就是我们如何到达的。分析which引导的非限定性定语从句可知，后面为表语从句。分析句意可知，这里用连接副词how引导表语从句，充当方式状语，表示“如何”。故选D。
6.【答案】C
【解析】考查名词性从句连接词。句意：无论谁获得自行车比赛第一名，金牌将授予他。分析句子可知，宾语从句中缺少主语，故用whoever，表示“任何人，无论谁”。故选C。
7.【答案】C
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：没有他的支持，我们是不会在现在这个位置的。how表方式，when表时间，where表地点，why表原因。“_________ we are now”是表语从句，结合句子的意思可知，该处指我们所处的位置，故该从句应用where引导。C选项正确。
8.【答案】B
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：每年，任何一个做出最漂亮的风筝的人将会在风筝节获奖。_____ makes the most beautiful kite是主语从句，根据意思可知答案。
9. 【答案】B
【解析】考查连词。句意：Jane漫无目的地走在两旁栽树的街道上，不知道她将去往何方，根据句意可知选B。
10.【答案】C
【解析】考查名词性从句。分析句子可知介词of后跟由what引导的宾语从句，what在从句中作charge的宾语，故选C项。句意：我们之所以选择这家酒店，是因为这里的价格低至20美元一晚，是过去收费的一半。
11.【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：句意：他问我是否已经把书还给图书馆了，我承认我还没有还。A. 什么时候；B. 在哪里；C. 是否；D. 什么。根据句意，故选C。