专题09 简单句和并列句 备战2020年中考英语语法专题加餐练

这是一份专题09 简单句和并列句 备战2020年中考英语语法专题加餐练，共14页。试卷主要包含了简单句的类型及其用法，并列句的类型及其用法，翻译下列简单句，词语运用，完形填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。
考点一、简单句的类型及其用法
1）S + Vi + 副词（状语）eg：Birds sing beautifully.
2）S + Vi + 介词短语（状语）eg：He went n hliday.
3）S + Vi + 不定式（状语）eg：We stpped t have a rest.
4）S + Vi + 分词（状语）eg：I'll g swimming.
简单句
基本句型一：主+谓= Ｓ+Ｖi （主＋不及物动词）
1）S + V + 名词/代词 eg：He is a by.
2）S + V + 形容词 eg：She is beautiful.
3）S + V +副词 eg：Class isver.
4）S + V + 介词短语 eg：He isin gd health.
5）S + V+ 分词 eg：He is excited.
基本句型二：Ｓ+ Ｖ系+ Ｐ（主＋系＋表）
1）S + Vt + 名词/代词 eg：I like music. She hates him.
2）S + Vt + 不定式 eg：I want t help him.
3）S + Vt + 疑问词+ 不定式 eg：I dn't knw what t d.
★常用于这句型的动词有：ask, decide, frget, knw等。
4）S + Vt + 动名词 eg：I enjyliving here.
★常用于这句型的动词有：advise, enjy, finish, mind,等。
5）S + Vt + 宾语从句 eg：I dn't think (that) he is right.
★常用于这句型的动词有：hpe, knw, ntice, think,等。
基本句型三：Ｓ+ Ｖt + Ｏ（主＋及物＋宾）
1）S + Vt + 间接宾语+ 直接宾语
eg：I sent him a bk. Give me a cup f tea ,please.
2）S + Vt + 直接宾语+ t/fr + 间接宾语
eg：He sent a bk t me. Shw this huse t Mr. Smith
[说明] ①间接宾语前需要加t 的常用动词有：bring, give, pass, pay, read, sell, send, shw, teach, tell, wish, write等。
②间接宾语前加fr 的常用动词有：buy, get, make 等。
基本句型四：Ｓ+ Ｖt + IO + DO （主＋及物＋间宾＋直宾）
1）S + Vt + 宾语+ 名词 eg：We named ur babyTm.
2）S + Vt + 宾语+ 形容词 eg：He painted the wall white.
3）S + Vt + 宾语+ 介词短语eg：I ften find him at wrk .
4）S + Vt + 宾语+ 不定式 eg：I wish yu t stay.
5）S + Vt + 宾语+ 分词 eg：I heard my namecalled（表示被动）；I feel smething mving（表示进行）.
6）S + Vt + 宾语+ 疑问词+不定式 eg：He shw me hw t d it.
基本句型五：Ｓ+ Ｖt + Ｏ+ ＯＣ（主＋及物＋宾＋宾补）
1. 基本句型一：主+谓= Ｓ+Ｖi （主＋不及物动词）
主语：可以作主语的成分有名词，主格代词，动词不定式，动名词等等。主语一般在句首。
谓语：谓语由动词构成，是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语之后。不及物动词（vi.）没有宾语，形成主谓结构，如: S(主）+ Vi（不及物动词）（谓语）We │cme.；The baby│cried.
此句型的句子有一个共同特点：即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
2. 基本句型二：Ｓ+ Ｖ系+ Ｐ（主＋系＋表）
此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。表语也就是主语的补足语
This │is │an English-Chinese dictinary.
The dinner │smells │gd.
He │is grwing │tall and strng.
3. 基本句型三：Ｓ+ Ｖt + Ｏ（主＋及物＋宾）
此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。
eg：Wh │knws │the answer?
He │likes │English.
4. 基本句型四：Ｓ+ Ｖt + IO + DO（主＋及物＋间宾＋直宾）
有些及物动词可以有两个宾语, 它们通常一个指人(间接宾语)；一个指物(直接宾语)。
eg: She│gave│me│a new bk.
He│brught│yu │a dictinary.
5. 基本句型五：Ｓ+ Ｖt + Ｏ+ ＯＣ（主＋及物＋宾＋宾补）
此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。
宾语补足语：位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明的成分。可以用作宾语补足语的有：名词，形容词，不定式，动名词，分词，介词短语等。
考点二、并列句的类型及其用法
常用的连词有 and( 同，和 ), when(=and just at this time 就在这时，然后 ), nt nly…but (als)…( 不仅……而且…… ), neither…nr…（既不……也不……）等。如：He helps me and I help him.
He nt nly gave us a lt f advice, but als helped us t study English.
联合关系
常用的连词有r( 或者，否则 ), therwise( 否则 ), r else( 否则 ), itherr( 不是……就是 ) 。如：Yu must g early, therwise yu will miss the bus.
Either Tm is cming r his sisters are.
选择关系
并列句
常用的连词有 but( 但是，可是，只是因为), while( 而、却 ), yet( 可是 ) 等。如：I like tea while she likes cffee.
She said she wuld be late, yet she arrived n time.
此处，还有副词 still( 仍然），hwever( 然而 ) 也表示转折关系。
Althugh she felt ill, she still went t wrk.
转折关系
常用的连词有 fr（因为）和s（所以，因此）等。如：I am thirsty, fr it is ht.
The manager was ill s I went in her place.
注意： s 不与 because 连用
因果关系
一、选择填空
1.I help him___ he helps me. We help each ther.
A. but B. and C. r D. thugh
2.___ he ___ I am a dctr.
A. Bth; and B. Either; nr C. Neither; nr D. Neither; and
3 Sme f us wuld like t act the stry ___ it isn't finished yet.
A. but B. and C. thugh D. s
4 One mre week, ___ we will finish the task.
A. r B. s that C. and D. if
5 "The grund must be just right ___ t wet ___ t dry.
A. either; r B. bth; and C. between; and D. neither; nr
6 Sam was ill yesterday, s he________his hmewrk.
A. didn't B. nt did C. didn't d D. didn't did
7 Srry, there's nly ne seat left. ___ yu___ she can have it.
A. neither; nr B. Either; r C. Bth; and D. Nt; but
8 He _________cffee at all. He _________ tea.
A. desn't like, prefers B. likes, desn't prefer
C. wuld like, nt prefers D. prefers, is nt fd f
9 We _________ happy abut the price f meat.
A. dn't B. are nt C. wn't D. weren't being
10 I ______ truble finding the place.
A. didn't have many B. haven't a great deal f
C. didn't have much D. hadn't a lt f
11 _______ f us likes the film.
A. Bth B. All C. Neither D. Sme
12 Which sentence is right?
A. I dn't think that he is nt right. B. I think he is nt right.
C. I dn't think that he is right. D. I think he was nt right.
13 They are ___ yung ___ carry the bx nt the table.
A. enugh; t B. t; t C. s; t D. very; t
14 They ________ lunch at hme every day.
A. have nt B. didn't have C. dn't have D. have nt any
15--________ is yur English teacher like? --He is tall and thin.
A. Hw B. What C. Which D. /
16 --_________d yu like the new play? --It's gd and interesting.
A. Hw B. Which C. What D. Whm
17 Pay attentin please, ___ f yu want t attend the party?
A. wh B. which C. whm D. what
18 --___ did yu sleep last night? --I stayed up t late t g t sleep.
A. Hw B. When C. Why D. Where
19 It is getting dark. Our teacher_________.
A. lets us t g hme B. lets us g hme
C. let us g t hme D. let we g hme
20 _________ she sings!
A. What beautiful B. Hw beautiful C. What beautifully D. Hw beautifully
二、用括号内所给词的适当词汇填空
1.—_______（What a/ What） friendly by he is! —Yes. He’s always ready t help thers.
2.—Yur father went t the park yesterday, _______ ?（didn’t he/ desn’t he ）? —Yes, he did.
3.— I dn’t like hrrr films. They’re terrible. —________（Neither I d/ Neither d I）.
4. Pay attentin t yur manners, _______（r/ either）yu’ll be laughed at.
5.—Dn’t yu g t schl by bike? —_______（N, I d/ N, I dn’t）. I walk t schl every day.
6. —________（Where/ Wh）is yur father, Mike? —He is cking in the kitchen.
7. —I will g fishing this weekend. —_______（S I will/ S will I）. Let’s g tgether.
8.—Dn’t be late fr schl next time, ________（will yu/ d yu）? —N, I wn’t.
9.It never rains（but / and）it purs.
10.I like tea（while / when）she likes cffee.
三、翻译下列简单句。
1.天气很冷。
2.我父亲是一个物理老师。
3.他父亲出国了。
4.他在一家大公司工作。
5.我喜欢流行音乐。
6.她知道下一步做什么。
7.他教我们化
8.请告诉我你的电话号码。
9.我们必须保持房间干净。
10.他喜欢看男孩们踢足球。
四、词语运用
根据汉语的提示，从方框中选择适当的词填空，使句子通顺、意思完整。
1.He helps me______and I help him. 他帮我，我帮他。
2.He ______nt nly gave us a lt f advice, ______but als helped us t study English. 他不仅给我们出很多建议并且还帮助我学英语。
3.I was just leaving ______ the telephne rang. 我正要离开，电话铃响了。
4.Hurry up, ______ yu’ll be late.快点，否则就会迟到了。
5.Will he still be there ______ will he have gne away?他那时还在那里还是可能已经走了？
6.Yu must g early, ______ yu will miss the bus.你好得早点走，否则就赶不上公共汽车了。
7.______ Tm is cming ______ his sisters are.不是汤姆就是她的姐妹们要来。
8.She said she wuld be late, ______ she arrived n time.她说她会迟到，但她却准时到达了。
9.She lks very yung, ______ she is already in her 30’s.她看上去很年轻 , 可是她已三十多岁了。
10.He is gd-natured; ______ I dn''t like him.他脾气很好 , 可是我还是不喜欢他。
11.The bk is expensive; ______, it''s wrth it.这本书很贵；却很值。
12. ______ she felt ill, she still went t wrk.她虽然感觉不舒服，但她仍然去上班。
13.I am thirsty, ______ it is ht. 我口渴，因为天气太热。
14.The manager was ill ______ I went in her place. 经理病了所以我代她去。
15. Neither______ has he changed his mind, nr______ will he d s. 他既没有改变主意，也不打算这样做。
五、词语运用
阅读短文，用but；fr；s；and填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。
Last week I went t the theatre___1___I had a very gd seat. The play was very interesting ___2___ I did nt enjy it. A yung man and a yung wman were sitting behind me ___3___they were talking ludly. I gt very angry, ___4___I culd nt hear the actrs,___5___ I turned rund and lked at the man and the wman angrily, ___6___ they did nt pay attentin. In the end, I culd nt bear it. I turned arund again. "I can’t hear a wrd. I said angrily. "It’s nne f yur business, the yung man said rudely. "This is a private cnversatin!
六、完形填空
Many peple keeps small fish ___1___ pet. They keep them in a tank ___2___ a lt f water and small plants in it. The tank is made f glass s that peple can see inside the tank __3__ watchthe fish. The fish need rm. They mustn't be crwded. They need xygen t breathe.
___4___ must be enugh water fr all fish. ___5___the size f the tank is very imprtant. In the tank peple put small plants which are gd fr fish. They give xygen t the water. Plants help the fish in ther ways, t. They can hide amng the plants, sleep ___6___ lay eggs there.
The fish ___7___be kept in water all the time. S the tank shuld be cvered ___8___ the fish will iump ut. The fish need fd and shuld be fed every day. ___9___ if yu give them t much fd, it is very bad, ___10___the extra fd willl fall t the bttm and make the water dirty. S the fish shuld get just enugh fd and finish it in ten minutes.
Nthing shuld be left.
1.A. fr B. as C. because D. because f
2. A. with B within C. withut D. having
3. A.but B and C. s D. r
4. A.Here B. There C. That D. This
5. A. S B. yet C. but D. still
6. A. and B.fr C. when D.r (else)
B. shuld C. can D. culd
8.A therwise B. r C.yet D. A and B
9.A. But B. Thugh C. hwever D. althugh
10. A. fr B.s C. enriched D enriching
参考答案：
一、1—5 BCCCD 6---10 CBABC 11---15 CCBCB 16---20 ABCBD
二、1. What a 2. didn’t he 3. Neither d I 4.r 5. N, I dn’t 6. Where 7. can he 8. S will I 9. but 10. while
三、The weather is very cld．
My father is a physics teacher．
His father has gne abrad．
He wrks in a big cmpany．
I like ppular music．
She knws what t d next．
He teaches us chemistry．
Please tell me yur telephne number．
We must keep the rm clean．
He likes t watch the bys playing ftball．
四、1.and 2.nt nly…but als 3.when 4.r (else) 5.r 6.therwise 7.either…r 8.yet 9.but 10.still 11.hwever 12.althugh 13.fr 14.s 15. Neither…nr
五、1.and 2.but 3.and 4.fr 5.s 6.but
六、1—5BABBA 6—10ABDAAr；therwise；either…r；althugh；fr；s；neither…nr；and
r (else)；yet； but； still； hwever； nt nly…but als；when