英语必修 第一册Unit 3 Sports and fitness学案设计

Wilt the Stilt — the Tower of Power!

Michael Jordan was the second player to score more than① 3,000 points in a season — but the first was Wilt Chamberlain. Chamberlain was born in Philadelphia on 21st  August 1936. He was one of the 11 children, the only one who was very tall. His father William worked in a shipyard and his mother Olivia was a cleaner. As a child, Chamberlain had various② health problems. He had pneumonia and almost died when he was ten.

Chamberlain is the only NBA player who averaged③ over 50 points per game for an entire④ season. At one point, Chamberlain was so much better than all the other players that they changed the rules of the game to try to stop him!

The giant player joined the NBA's Philadelphia Warriors in the 1959－1960 season and was an immediate⑤ success. During 14 seasons with four different teams, Chamberlain was named the most valued player in the league four times. On 2nd March 1962, he scored 100 points in a single game — no one has ever done that since! The final score was Warriors 169 New York Knicks 147!

He ended his career after five amazing⑥ seasons with the Los Angeles Lakers. By the time he retired⑦， Wilt held  many NBA records: he scored 50 or more points 118 times and 60 or more points 32 times.

Was Wilt Chamberlain better than Michael Jordan? Who knows? But there is no doubt that he deserves⑧  the title “outstanding⑨  player of his generation⑩”．　

[多积词汇]

①more than超过；多于

②various adj.各种各样的

③average v．平均；计算……的平均值

④entire adj.全部的；整个的

⑤immediate adj.立刻的；即刻的

⑥amazing adj. 令人吃惊的

⑦retire v．退休；离开

⑧deserve v．应得；值得

⑨outstanding adj.杰出的；优秀的；出色的

⑩generation n．一代人

高跷威尔特——神力之巅！

迈克尔·乔丹是一个赛季中得分超过3  000分的第二人——但是第一人是威尔特·张伯伦。张伯伦于1936年8月21日出生于费城。他是家里11个孩子中唯一一个长得很高的。父亲威廉在造船厂干活，母亲奥莉维亚是一名清洁工。孩童时的张伯伦有各种各样的健康问题。他得过肺炎，10岁时差点儿死去。

张伯伦是整个赛季中平均每场得分超过50分的唯一一名NBA球员。曾几何时，张伯伦比其他所有球员都优秀得多，以至于他们改变了比赛规则来试图限制他！

1959年～1960年赛季间，这位篮坛巨人加盟NBA费城勇士队并立即获得成功。在为4支不同球队效力的14个赛季期间，张伯伦4次被评为联盟最有价值的球员。1962年3月2日，他单场比赛得了100分——迄今为止还没有人打破这一纪录！最后的比分是勇士169对纽约尼克斯147!

在加盟洛杉矶湖人队度过了5个令人惊异的赛季后，威尔特结束了他的职业生涯。一直到退役，威尔特还保持着多项NBA纪录：118次单场比赛得50分或50分以上，32次得60分或60分以上。

威尔特·张伯伦比迈克尔·乔丹优秀吗？谁知道呢？但是毫无疑问，他无愧于“一代杰出球员”这一称号。

Section Ⅰ　Listening and Speaking

　　  If you would go up high, then use your own legs! Do not let yourselves carried aloft; do    

      not seat yourselves on other people's backs and heads. —Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche

       如果你想走到高处，就要使用自己的双腿！不要让别人把你抬到高处；不要踩

在别人的背上和头上。——弗里德里希·威廉·尼采

1．To invite Amy to an e­sports event.

邀请艾美参加电子竞技比赛项目。

★event n．比赛项目；大事；公开活动

①At all events, I am certain it's going to be good.

无论如何我都确信事情会变好的。

②In any event, I won't agree with you.

不管怎样，我都不会同意你。

③In the event of a tie, the winner will be decided by the toss of a coin.

如果出现平局，就通过扔硬币来决定胜者。

　完成句子

①I'll probably see you tomorrow, but in_any_event (不管怎样) I'll telephone.

②This will reduce the chance of serious injury in_the_event_of_an_accident (如果发生意外事故)．

③In_the_event (结果), it turned out to be rather fun.

2．Would you like to come along?

你愿意一起去吗？

★come along跟随；到达；进步；赶快

①She wants to come along with us to the movie.

她想跟我们一起去看电影。

②He spoke for a long time but his meaning did not come across.

他讲了很久，但没把意思讲明白。

③Can you tell me how the accident came about?

你能告诉我事故是怎样发生的吗？

　完成句子

①A chance like this doesn't come_along_every day.

像这样的机会不是每天都有的。

②Something unexpected came_up at the meeting yesterday.

昨天会议上出现了一些意外的事情。

③How did this crazy situation come_about?

这种疯狂的局面是如何出现的？

④That magazine comes_out once a month.

那个杂志每月出一期。

3．Come and work out at a gym!

来健身房锻炼吧！

★work out 锻炼；想出，制定出；计算出；解决

①Can you work out the maths problem?

你能算出这道数学题吗？

②He knows he can not work as a good painter.

他知道他成不了一个好画家。

③He works on his model plane.

他把精力花在飞机模型上。

Ⅰ.写出下列句中work out的含义

①I work out regularly to keep fit.锻炼

②You have to work out a plan as quickly as possible.制定出

③You can work out the answer by adding all the numbers.计算出

④Tom came up with a way to work out the physical problem.解决

Ⅱ.单句语法填空

⑤It's impossible to expect a person of her experience to work_for such little money.

⑥I could work out four hours a day and still end up a fat man.

⑦The little child was working on a branch with a knife to make a gun.

4．You can make it!

你可以做到！

★make it 获得成功；准时到达

①As long as you have a dream, keep trying and you'll make it.

只要你有梦想，不断努力就会成功。

②A computer is made up of many different parts.

电脑由许多不同的部件组成。

③She doesn't talk much, but what she says makes sense.

她的话不多，但言之有理。

　完成句子

①We're working hard to try to make_up_for the lost time.

我们在努力工作，试图弥补失去的时间。

②Can you make_out what this means?

你能理解这是什么意思吗？

③I'm really sorry, but I won't be able to make_it on Sunday after all.

真的很抱歉，我星期天根本赶不到。

一、教材经典录音再发掘

听教材录音回答问题

1．Listen to Conversation 1 and decide whether each of the statements is correct (A), incorrect (B) or not mentioned (C)．You will hear the conversation only once.

答案：①～⑤　AABBC

2．Listen to Conversation 2 and choose the correct answers.

①What's the general idea of the conversation?

A．To introduce the “Blue Paint” run.

B．To get the students to help the poor.

C．To sell the water balloons.

②The event will take place ________.

A．on Friday afternoon

B．on Saturday afternoon

C．on Sunday afternoon

③How far should you run in the event?

A．20 kilometres.

B．12 kilometres.

C．5 kilometres.

④The money collected by the event will be used ______.

A．to help the poor people

B．to buy water balloons

C．to buy the blue paint

答案：①～④　ABCA

二、听力系列技法微指导

如何解逻辑推理和判断题

这类题目要注意谈话的核心以及总结。不仅要能听懂对话的内容，而且要从对话内容中判断出对话的结果、行为趋向以及逻辑关系。这类题型是听力题中最难的部分，不仅要辨别对话中的细节和事实，还要在听懂对话内容的基础上，根据对话的情景、关键词、上下文、语气等，对信息做出综合概括。利用逻辑推理，判断领会说话人的意图、态度以及原因，针对选项内容对信息进行筛选处理，从而推断出合乎情理的结论。

此类题常见的题干设问方式如下：

What can we learn from the conversation?

What do we know about the man/woman?

Which of the following is true about the man/woman?

What do we know about sb./sth.?

[典例]　What can we learn from the conversation?

A．She should move to another place.

B．The neighbours probably won't turn down the music.

C．He wants to listen to different music.

[听力原文]

W: I'm going to ask the neighbours to turn the music down. I can't bear the noise.

M: Do you really think it makes any difference to them?

[分析]　对话中，女士打算要求邻居把音乐放小一点，而男士的回答“Do you really think it makes any difference to them？”暗示他们的邻居根本就没有考虑到会影响左邻右舍。因此，可以推断的是：即使要求他们这样做，他们也不会理睬。答案为B。

三、话题场景词汇听中记(听写词汇)

(一)单词

1．healthy　　　　　　　　　 健康的

2．overweight   超重

3．jog   慢跑

4．clinic   诊所

5．cycling   骑自行车

6．headache   头疼

7．skating   滑冰

8．stadium   体育场

9．yoga   瑜伽

10．exercise   锻炼

11．swim   游泳

12．high_jump   跳高

13．athlete   运动员

14．competitor   竞争者；对手

15．sport   运动

16．dive   潜水

17．coach   教练

18．judge   裁判员

19．beat   打败

20．defeat   击败；战胜

21．challenge   挑战

22．compete   竞争；比赛；对抗

(二)短语

1．mountain climbing   爬山

2．a balanced diet   均衡的饮食

3．go on a diet   节食减肥

4．work out in the gym   在健身房锻炼

5．refresh one's mind   振作精神

6．physical activity   体育活动

7．maintain physical fitness   保持身体健康

8．be good for   对……有益处

9．good living habits   良好的生活习惯

10．take regular exercise   进行有规律的运动

11．unhealthy eating habits   不健康的饮食习惯

12．stay healthy   保持健康

13．build up one's body   强身健体

14．lose weight   减肥

15．catch a cold   感冒

一、听力强化训练

Ⅰ.听下面句子，然后判断每句中的附加疑问句部分是用升调还是降调，升调的在括号中填↗，降调的在括号中填↘

1．You will go to see films, won't  you？(↗)

2．They went to the library, didn't  they？(↗)

3．He is from China, isn't he？(↘)

4．There are over one thousand people in the hall, aren't  there？(↘)

5．Daming will have a birthday party, won't he？(↗)

6．He is from Canada, isn't  he？(↗)

7．Lily will study abroad, won't she？(↘)

8．She is from England, isn't  she？(↘) 

9．I'm not late, am I？(↗)

10．You're from London, aren't  you？(↗)

Ⅱ.听力训练

(一)听第1段材料，完成第1至4题。 根据录音内容判断下列陈述是否正确，正确的在括号内填T，不正确的在括号内填F。

1．Betty didn't do well at the sports meeting.(F)

2．Peter did well at the sports meeting. (F)

3．Joe won the high jump. (T)

4．Bob was first in the men's 100­metre race. (T)

(二)听第2段材料，回答第5、6题。

5．How often does Tim run now?

A．Every day.

B．About two days a week.

C．About four days a week.

6．When did Tim start running?

A．When in university.

B．When in high school.

C．When in primary school.

(三)听第3段材料，回答第7、8题。

7．What does the new ski area provide for beginners?

A．Safe tracks.　　　

B．Free equipment.

C．A discount.

8．What is the woman worried about?

A．The price.　 B．The distance.　　C．Safety.

答案：5～8　CCAC

附：听力材料

(Text 1)

M: Congratulations, Betty.

W: Thank you. What about Peter?

M: Oh, he dropped the stick.

W: Bad luck! Do you know who won the high jump?

M: My classmate, Joe.

W: Your class did very well at the sports meeting. By the way, who was first in the men's 100­metre race?

M: It definitely belongs to Bob.

(Text 2)

W: Tim, we've been running for the last two nights.

M: Yeah.That's true.

W: And, uh ... you're much faster than me.How often do you run?

M: I only run about four days a week now.But when I was younger, I ran every day.

W: Oh, really? Wow! Did you run in high school or college?

M: I started when I was in primary school. And I ran all the way through university.

(Text 3)

M: Would you like to go skiing with me? I have heard that the new ski area is great. It has safe tracks, especially for beginners, and it provides free training. I think it would suit you.

W: Not bad! You know, the only thing I worry about is safety. I'm not an active exerciser and my muscles may not be strong enough for such an intense sport.

M: Then you can go to the three­day training camp first. There are some professional teachers and they can guide you and tell you which exercises to do.

W: I will think about it.

M: Come on! It's really fun.

二、语言基础训练

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．He held boxing (拳击) classes in the school gym.

2．His uncle and aunt both like to play badminton (羽毛球)．

3．We will definitely get a medal in the team event (项目)．

4．We went out to the stadium (体育场). Bob hadn't been to a game for a few weeks.

5．Apart from my host (主人), I didn't know a single person.

6．I followed him, tracking (追踪) him in the snow.

7．When she was young, she practiced gymnastics (体操)．

8．Jack paused, wiping the sweat (汗水) from his face.

9．This activity is suited to all levels of fitness (健康)．

10．The students often go skiing (滑雪) during winter vacation.

Ⅱ.单句语法填空

1．The three parties will meet next month to work out the remaining difference.

2．Lucy failed in the computer test last time while I made it.

3．When the right opportunity comes along,_she'll take it.

4．He is used to getting (get) up early and can enjoy the fresh air in the morning.

5．Our room is filled with love when we help each other.

Ⅲ.完成句子

1．Thank you all the same. I can make_it_myself.

我还是要谢谢你。我自己能行。

2．You can_come_along to his party with me.

你可以随同我一起去参加他的晚会。

3．The famous actor keeps fit by_working_out for an hour every morning.

这位著名男演员通过每天早上锻炼一小时保持健康。

4．I found the job tiring at first but I soon got_used_to_it.

起初我觉得这份工作很累人，但很快就习惯了。

三、交际交流训练(补全对话)

A

W: Excuse me, what's your name?

M: Dan, Dan Tobin.

W: ①________

M: On Mondays and Fridays, usually.

W: Do you use the running machines?

M: Yes, I do.

W: ②________

M: Oh, yes. Easy. I can run that in about 30 minutes.

W: Really? That's fast! And do you work out in the gym?

M: ③________

W: OK. What weight can you lift?

M: I can lift 50 kilos.

W: Mmm, that's good. ④________

M: Yes, I do. I usually swim two kilometres, but I can swim five kilometres.

W: Really? ⑤________

M: No, never. I don't like it.

W: Oh yes. Can we test your fitness today? We have a machine ...

M: Oh, is that the time? I can't stay, I'm afraid. I have an important meeting. Bye.

W: But I have ... oh ...

答案：①～⑤　DBAEC

B

M: Guess what — I joined the Cave­exploring Society last month.

W: Seriously? Aren't cave­explorers who go down into caves? I thought you ①were_only_interested_in_mountain_climbing (只对爬山感兴趣)!

M: I do like to climb, but you know, the two sports have a lot in common. I'll give you ②an_example (一个例子): The same technique for climbing down steep rocks is used in both sports. Of course, climbers use this technique to come down hills, while cave­explorers use it to go down holes.

W: What else does your society do?

M: For one thing, we help preserve caves. Believe it or not, some people are so ③careless (care) that they just leave their litter in caves. And some people even write on cave walls. So we pick ④up litter and clean away the drawings on the wall.

W: I don't think I'd like cave­exploring very much. Caves are wet, cold and dark, ⑤aren't_they (不是吗)?

M: I suppose they are, but they can also be beautiful. Why don't you come along with me to the meeting tonight?

四、语篇阅读训练

Ⅰ.阅读理解

What Makes a Soccer Player Great?

Soccer is played by millions of people all over the world, but there have been only a few players who were truly great. How did these players get that way — was it through training and practice, or are great players “born not made”？ Firstly, these players came from places that have had famous stars in the past — players that a young boy can look up to (敬仰) and try to imitate. In the history of soccer, only six countries have ever won the World Cup,  three from South America and three from Europe. There has never been a national team or a really great player from North America or from Asia. Secondly, these players all had years of practice in the game. Alfredo Di Stefano was the son of a soccer player, as was Pele. Most players began playing the game at the age of three or four.

Finally, many great players come from the same kind of neighbourhood — a poor, crowded area where a boy's dream is not to be a doctor, lawyer or businessman, but to become a rich, famous athlete or entertainer. For example, Liverpool, which produced the Beatles, had one of the best English soccer teams in recent years. Pele practised in the street with a “ball” made of rags. And George Best learned the tricks that made him famous by bouncing the ball off a wall in the slums (贫民区) of Belfast.

All great players have a lot in common, but that doesn't explain why they are great. Hundreds of boys played in those Brazilian streets, but only one became Pele. The greatest players are born with some unique qualities that set them apart from all the others.

语篇解读：英式足球很流行，但是著名的球员却不多，文章从几个方面分析了造成这种现象的原因。

1．According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A．Soccer is popular all over the world, but truly great players are rare.

B．Millions of people all over the world are playing soccer, but only six countries have ever had famous stars in the past.

C．Soccer is played by millions of people all over the world, but only six countries from South America and West  Europe  have  ever  had  great  national teams.

D．Soccer is one of the most popular games all over the world, but it seems least popular in North America or Asia.

解析：选A　细节理解题。从第一段第一句可得出答案。

2．The word “tricks” at the end of Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to“________”．

A．experience　　　 B．cheating

C．skills  D．training

解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据本句意思“……技巧使他出名”，而与技巧同义的只有C项。

3．Liverpool and Brazilian streets are two geographic terms used to illustrate (说明) ________.

A．where soccer players get their way

B．how neighbourhood affects a soccer player's success

C．why they can produce the best soccer teams

D．what a poor, crowded area will provide a future soccer player with

解析：选D　细节理解题。从第二段最后和最后一段可得出答案。

4．In the last paragraph, the statement “... but only one became Pele” indicates that ________.

A．Pele is the greatest soccer player

B．the great players are born with some unique qualities

C．Pele's birthplace sets him apart from all the others

D．the success of a soccer player has everything to do with the family background

解析：选B　推理判断题。从最后一段最后一句可得出答案。

Ⅱ.阅读七选五

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

In the winter months most children spend their time on video games, but it's important that kids stay active to keep their minds and bodies healthy. With a little creativity, you can keep your kids moving and prevent the winter blues. Here are some ideas：

__1__

After hours of being indoors, kids will quickly get bored of their own games and toys. Take this opportunity to teach them games from your childhood. Make up new rules to refresh the games and make them original to your family. __2__

Cook together.

Cooking is a great activity because the whole family can get involved. Arrange a job for your kids which can even help them to study. __3__ Cooking with children also encourages them to try new food because they've had a hand in making the finished product.

Deal with the big project.

You may have spring cleaning plans, but get a head start on that big clean­out project this winter. Get the whole family involved in reorganizing the garage or painting the guest room. __4__ Once the project is completed, you all will feel satisfied that you worked together.

Go on an indoor adventure.

Sometimes the cabin fever (幽闭烦躁症) is too much to bear and you have to get out of the house. __5__ Take a trip to an indoor ice skating or roller skating rink (旱冰场). You can also start a bowling competition with other families from the school or neighbourhood. Once you get home, relax together with a nutritious snack and pair it with juice drinks.

A．Give your kids different tasks of the project.

B．Take out some old games.

C．Kids can read a cookbook aloud to practice their reading skills.

D．Spare more hours for your children.

E．Find an indoor pool at a local recreation center.

F．Most kids enjoy outdoor activities in winter.

G．Record the game ideas to pick out a fun activity later.

语篇解读：在寒冷的冬天，如何使孩子们保持身心健康呢？他们可以进行哪些有益的室内活动呢？本文针对这一问题提出了四条建议。

1．选B　该空是第二段的小标题。由第二段中的“teach them games from your childhood”可知，家长教给孩子一些以前的游戏，与B项中的old games相符。

2．选G　上一句谈到“制订新的游戏规则”，G项意为“把关于游戏的想法记录下来，以便日后挑出一个有趣的活动”，与上文相呼应，故选G项。

3．选C　根据空处前一句可知，此处应是举例说明能够帮助孩子们学习的活动。C项符合语境。

4．选A　下文表明“一旦计划完成，你们会因为大家一起工作而感到满意”，故可知A项“给你的孩子们分配计划中不同的任务”符合语境。

5．选E　本段的小标题是“Go on an indoor adventure.”，下文指出，作者建议到室内旱冰场活动。故E项“在当地的娱乐中心找室内游戏池”符合语境。

Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking

　　  I want to bring out the secrets of nature and apply them for the happiness of man. I   

    don't know of any better service to offer for the short time we are in the world. —Thomas Edison

我想揭示大自然的秘密，用来造福人类。我认为，在我们的短暂一生中，最好的

贡献莫过于此了。——托马斯·爱迪生

Ⅰ.单词认读关(先填后背)

1．legend n．　　　　　　　　　 传奇故事(或人物)；传说

2．athlete n.   运动员；运动健儿

3．master n.  高手；主人

vt.   精通；掌握

4．glory n.   荣誉；光荣；赞美

5．medal n.   奖章；勋章

6．captain n.   (运动队)队长；船长；机长

7．graceful adj.   优美的；优雅的

8．honour n．荣誉；尊敬；荣幸→honoured adj.受尊敬的；感到荣幸的

9．champion n．冠军；优胜者→championship n．锦标赛；冠军赛；冠军称号

10．determination n．决心；决定→determine vt.决定；确定；下定决心→determined adj.坚决的；有决心的

11．injure vt.使受伤；损害→injured adj.受伤的；有伤的→injury n．伤害；损伤

12．strength n．力量；体力→strengthen vt.加强；巩固→strong adj.强壮的；坚强的

13．failure n．失败；失败的人(或事物)→fail vi.失败；不及格

Ⅱ.词块识记关(先填后背)

1．set_an_example   树立榜样

2．bring_honour_and_glory   带来荣誉和光荣

3．at_home_and_abroad   国内外

4．prepare_for   为……准备

5．fall_apart   破裂；破碎；崩溃

6．lose_heart   丧失信心；泄气

7．become_known_as   作为……而出名

8．the_secret_to_one's_success   某人成功的秘诀

9．give_up   放弃

10．share_...with_...   和……分享……

11．living_legends_of_sports   体育奇才

12．at_world_championships   在世界锦标赛

13．the_2015_World_Cup   2015年世界杯

14．heart_problems   心脏问题

15．a_big_challenge   大的挑战

16．work_together_as_a_team   作为一个团队一起工作

17．stand_still   静止

18．graceful_moves_and_jumps   优美的动作和跳跃

19．in_the_final_seconds_of_a_game　 在比赛的最后几秒钟

20．find_a_way_to_win   找到成功的方法

Ⅲ.句式理解关

1.

2.

3.

4.

Ⅳ.长句分析关

1．Losing two important players was a big challenge, but Lang Ping did not lose heart.

[句式分析]　

Losing_two_important_players was a big challenge, but

　动名词短语作主语　 　 　    并列连词连接并列句

Lang Ping did not lose heart.

[尝试翻译]　失去两名重要队员是一个很大的挑战，但郎平没有失去信心。

2．She had faced difficulties before, and she knew that her young players could win if they worked together as a team.

[句式分析]　

[尝试翻译]　她以前也遇到过困难，她知道如果年轻队员们团结一致，就能取得胜利。

3．The player who became known as “Air Jordan” changed basketball with his graceful moves and jumps.

[句式分析]　

[尝试翻译]　这位被称为“飞人乔丹”的球员用他优雅的动作和跳跃改变了篮球。

一、语篇理解——三遍细读文

Do you like sports？What do you know about the sports stars in the following pictures?

参考答案：

I_like_sports_very_much._I_know_something_about_many_sports_stars._The_woman_in_Picture_1_is_Lang_Ping,_a_famous_coach._Under_her_guidance,_China_Women_Volleyball_Team_has_won_many_medals._The_woman_in_Picture_2_is_Li_Na,_a_famous_tennis_player._The_man_in_Picture_3_is_Kobe._He_is_a_famous_American_basketball_player._The_man_in_Picture_4_is_Michael_Jordan._He_is_also_a_famous_American_basketball_player.

Ⅰ.Reading for the main idea

1．What's the main idea of the text?

A．It's about living legends, Lang Ping and Michael Jordan.

B．It's about volleyball games.

C．It's about basketball games.

D．It's about the Boys and Girls Club.

答案：A

2．Find out the main idea of each paragraph.

Para.1　A．The spirit of winning at all costs.

Para.2  B．The spirit of struggling hard and teamwork.

答案：Para.1—B　Para.2—A

Ⅱ.Reading for the details

1．阅读文章第一段，完成下列题目：

(1)Decide if the following statements are true (T) or false (F)．

①Lang Ping has brought honour to the country both as a volleyball player and as a coach. (T)

②A big challenge that Lang Ping faced was losing her two teammates. (F)

(2)What did Lang Ping do when she lost two important players?

A．She could not face the difficulties and lost heart.

B．She encouraged her players to work together.

C．She chose another two players to join the team.

D．She became the best coach in the world.

答案：B

2．阅读文章第二段，完成下列题目：

(1)Why did people call Michael Jordan “Air Jordan”？

Because_he_changed_basketball_with_his_graceful_moves_and_jumps._

(2)What made Michael Jordan unique?

His_mental_strength._

(3)What is the secret to his success according to Jordan?

Learning_from_the_failures._

(4)What did Michael Jordan do when they lost games?

To_practise_harder_and_never_give_up._

(5)What's the purpose of the Boys and Girls Club?

To_share_success_with_the_young_people_and_help_them._

Ⅲ.Reading for the structure

1．Why did Lang Ping set a good example for us?

As_a_player,_she_brought_honour_and_glory_to_her_country.As_a_coach,_she_led_the_China_women's_volleyball_team_to_medals_at_world_championships_and_the_Olympics._As_a_person,_Lang_Ping_is_loved_by_fans_at_home_and_abroad.

2．What do “Air Jordan” Michael Jordan and “Little Giant”Yao Ming have in common?

They_are_determined,_easy_to_get_along_with_others_and_ready_to_share,_and_they_work_hard_and_never_give_up.

3．What can we do in our daily life when we are faced with difficulties?

We_should_learn_from_them.Accept_challenges,_be_positive_and_never_give_up.

二、新知突破——重难细点拨

1．They must be athletes who are masters in their sport and also set a good example for others.

他们必须是自己这一运动领域内的领军人物，并给他人树立了好的榜样。

★master n．高手；主人 vt.精通；掌握

①The dog remained faithful to its master.

这条狗始终忠于它的主人。

②I never mastered Latin.

我从未能掌握拉丁文。

③He is his own master.

他可以自己作主。

④He has made himself master of the language.

他已经精通这种语言。

[即时训练1]　完成句子

①It's not easy to master_a_foreign_language (掌握一门外语)．

②I wish I could make_myself_master_of_this_subject (精通这门学科)．

★set an example 树立榜样

①Helen has set an excellent example to all of us.

海伦为我们大家树立了好榜样。

②You had better set down your idea before you forget it.

趁着还没有忘记，你最好把你的想法写下来。

[即时训练2]　单句语法填空

①If you want to catch that train you'd better set off for the station immediately.

②At five in the morning he set about doing (do) his work.

③The tank truck caught fire and set off a chain of explosions.

④Parents are supposed to set an example of good behaviour to children.

⑤A new government was set_up after the war.

2．As a player, Lang Ping brought honour and glory to her country.

作为一名运动员，郎平为祖国赢得了荣誉和荣耀。

★honour n．荣誉；尊敬；荣幸 vt.尊重；以……为荣

①He said that his personal honour had been attacked.

他声称他的个人名誉受到了损害。

②One must show honour to one's parents.

人人都应该尊敬父母。

③The dinner was given in honour of the new president of the company.

宴会是为欢迎公司的新董事长而举行的。

④It's an honour to meet you.

认识你很荣幸。

⑤Peter Alliss says he would be honoured to be invited.

彼得·艾利斯说若受邀约自己将感到非常荣幸。

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

①I feel honoured (honour) to be invited to give you a lecture on how to improve English reading ability.

②I have the honour to_make (make) a speech to welcome the respected guests.

③We celebrate Teachers' Day every year in honour_of teachers.

Ⅱ.句型转换

④I feel it a great honour that I will be invited to speak at the meeting before so many students.(改成非谓语动词形式)

→I feel it a great honour to be  invited  to speak at the meeting before so many students.

3．When the Chinese team was preparing for the 2015 World Cup, her determination was tested.

当中国队准备2015年世界杯时，她的决心受到了考验。

★determination n．决心；决定

①There was an expression of fierce determination on her face.

她脸上流露出异常坚决的神情。

②I'm determined to do it better this time.

我决心这次要做得更好。

③They have a right to determine their own future.

他们有权决定自己的未来。

　单句语法填空

①His determination (determine) to win is clearly evident.

②Determined (determine) to look after his parents well, he moved to live with them.

③No matter what happens, she has determined to_tell (tell) the truth.

④I have determined on going (go) to the countryside after graduation.

4．The team that Lang Ping had built was falling apart.

郎平创建的队伍就要垮了。

★fall apart 破裂；破碎；崩溃

①I think this old chair is falling apart.

我觉得这把旧椅子要散架了。

②He took a computer apart yesterday but didn't know how to put it together again.

昨天他把一台电脑拆开了，但不知道怎么把它再组装起来。

③The twins look so much alike that I can't tell them apart.

这对双胞胎看上去这么像，以至于我无法区分他们。

④Apart from being too large, the trousers don't suit me.

这条裤子不但太肥大，而且我穿着也不合适。

　用apart的相关短语填空

①Apart_from his salary, he also has a private income.

②Cheap clothes tend to fall_apart when you wash them.

③My little son likes to_take_apart his toy cars.

5．One of the best players had been injured, and the team captain had to leave because of heart problems.

最优秀的队员中有一人受伤了，而且队长也因心脏问题离队。

★injure vt.使受伤；损害

①Believe it or not, what you said just now injured his pride.

信不信由你，你刚才说的话伤了他的自尊。

②He injured his left leg when playing football.

他踢足球时伤到了左腿。

③He'll need an operation on the injured leg.

他的伤腿需要做手术。

　单句语法填空

①The big stone rolling down in the landslide did a serious injury to the man.

②He was_injured (injure) when he was cycling along the valley.

③The injured (injure) were sent to hospital shortly after the accident.

6．Losing two important players was a big challenge, but Lang Ping did not lose heart.

失去两名重要队员是一个很大的挑战，但郎平没有失去信心。

★lose heart 丧失信心；泄气

①Please don't lose heart; you still have chances.

请不要灰心，你还有机会。

②Put your heart into your work and you will succeed in time.

专心于工作，总有一天你会成功的。

③We should serve the people heart and soul.

我们应该全心全意地为人民服务。

　完成句子

①John plays tennis badly, but with heart_and_soul (全心全意)．

②Jim lost_his_heart_to_(爱上) the Persian cat at first sight.

③Although Mike was in trouble, he didn't_lose_heart (没灰心)．

7．When Michael Jordan's feet left the ground, time seemed to stand still.

当乔丹的双脚离开地面时，时间似乎停滞不动。

★“Sb./Sth. seems/seemed ＋不定式”是一个固定句型，表示“看来……；好像……”，该句型可转化为It seems/seemed that ...。

①He seems to be fit for the present job.

＝It seems that he is fit for the present job.

看起来他适合目前的工作。

含seem的相关句型常用的还有：

②It seems difficult to learn so many new words by heart in a short time.

似乎很难在短时间内把这么多生词背下来。

③It seems as if our team is going to win.

看来我们队要赢了。

④There seems to be hopeful that business will get better.

看起来很有希望生意会好转的。

　完成句子

①There_seem_to_be three main reasons for this.

这似乎有三个主要原因。

②I_seem_to_have_lost_all my self­confidence.

我好像已经自信全无。

③It_seemed_as_if she'd been gone forever.

她似乎永远消失了。

8．Jordan says that the secret to his success is learning from his failures.

乔丹说，他成功的秘诀是他能从失败中吸取教训。

★failure n．[C] 失败的人/事；[U] 失败

①The failure was a big blow to him.

这次失败对他来说是个大的打击。

②A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will help shape your year ahead.

年终时快速回顾一年的成功和失败将有助于你决定来年的发展。

[点津]　(1)failure作“失败”讲时是不可数名词，表示抽象意义；作“失败者，失败的事”讲时是可数名词，表示具体意义。这种用法被称为“抽象名词的具体化”。

(2)类似用法的词有：

　完成句子

①He is a_failure (一名失败者) as an actor, but a_success (一名成功者) as a director.

②We were astonished at the_news_of_his_failure (他失败的消息)．

9．Losing games taught him to practise harder and never give up.

比赛失利教会了他更加努力训练，永不放弃。

★give up 放弃；投降

①I tried to persuade him to give up smoking, but failed.

我试图说服他戒烟，但失败了。

②No matter how they frighten us, we will never give in.

不管他们怎样恐吓我们，我们决不让步。

③The enemy had no choice but to give in to us.

敌人除了向我们投降别无选择。

④These wild flowers give off a nice smell.

这些野花散发出一股香味。

⑤The couple gave away most of their fortunes to the poor in their small town.

这对夫妻把他们的大部分财产都捐赠给了他们生活的那个小镇上的穷人。

　介、副词填空

①Once you have made up your mind to do something, you'd better not give up.

②My mother is so stubborn that I can never persuade her to give in.

③Students were glad to give away some of their books to children in poor mountainous areas.

④Her radio is giving out_a strange signal.

⑤The sun gives off_heat and light.

10．The Boys and Girls Club which he started in Chicago has been helping young people since 1996.

他(乔丹)在芝加哥所创建的“男孩女孩俱乐部”从1996年至今一直在帮助年轻人。

★(1)has been helping是现在完成进行时，这一时态表示从过去开始并一直延续的动作，可能刚刚停止，也可能还在进行。

①Because of illness, he has been lying in bed all day.

由于生病，他整天都躺在床上。

②They have been building the bridge for two months.

两个月来他们一直在建桥。

(2)since后跟表示时间的短语或从句时，主句谓语动词是持续性动词，常与现在完成时态、现在完成进行时态连用。

③I haven't heard from him since last year.

自去年以来我就未曾收到过他的信。

④You have been my best friend since we started in the kindergarten.

从我们上幼儿园起，你就是我最好的朋友。

⑤My camera has been working well since it was repaired.

我的相机自从维修后一直工作正常。

　完成句子

①The Chinese have_been_making_paper for nearly two thousand years.

中国有将近2 000年的造纸历史。

②I have_been_learning_English since three years ago.

自从三年前以来我一直在学英语。

③We have_been_waiting_for_you for half an hour.

我们已经等你半个小时了。

④Great changes have taken place since_you_left.

你离开后，发生了巨大的变化。

三、迁移领悟——活学提素养

1．文章第一段作者用排比句“As a player ...; As a coach ...; As a person ...”对郎平的成就进行评价，层层推进，增强了文章的表达效果。

试完成下面的句子：If one has no money, he may lose many things; ①_if_one_has_no_ friends,_he_may_lose_even_more;_if one has no credibility, he will lose all.

一个人如果没了钱，他会失去很多东西；如果没了朋友，他会失去更多；如果没了诚信，他将失去一切。

2．第二段第一句中“time seemed to stand still”用了夸张的修辞手法，可以加强语气，增加表达效果，更形象地表达乔丹的高超技艺。

试完成下面的句子：When she heard the bad news, ②_a_river_of_tears_poured_out.

当她听到这个噩耗时，眼泪像绝了堤的洪水，滚落下来。

3．第二段“Losing games taught him to practise harder and never give up.”一句中用了副词never，突出强调了乔丹的顽强斗志和坚定决心。never在此起强调作用。

试完成下面句子：He promised ③never_to_make_such a stupid mistake.他发誓再也不犯这种愚蠢的错误。

本文为人物介绍类记叙文，文章有一个主标题——LIVING LEGENDS，和两个副标题——Lang Ping和Michael Jordan。在对两个人物进行描写时都采用了“总—分”结构，先进行评价，然后再分述其主要特点。

人物介绍类记叙文的一般写法是介绍人物的成长经历(包括生活、工作和学习)以及对人物的功绩进行评价，有时也可以在叙述成长经历的同时加入一些评价。其中对人物生平的介绍主要包括出生日期和地点、家庭背景、教育经历、人生大事等几个方面。

请将下面介绍马克·吐温的句子重新排序、组织，并进行适当的改写、合并，连成一篇人物介绍类作文。

1．Early in his life he did many different jobs — he had worked as a typesetter, a sailor and a journalist.

2．Mark Twain was born on November 30, 1835 in a poor lawyer family.

3．Mark Twain is an American writer and humorist, and his real name is Samuel Langhorne Clemens.

4．Mark Twain was best­known for his masterpieces such as The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.

5．Mark Twain won popularity all over the world and died on April 21, 1910.

6．Mark Twain is called “the father of American literature”．

7．Mark Twain was brought up in Missouri along the Mississippi River.

Mark_Twain,_whose_real_name_is_Samuel_Langhorne_Clemens,_is_an_American_writer_and_humorist_and_is_called“the_father_of_American_literature”．

Mark_Twain,_born_on_November_30,_1835_into_a_poor_lawyer_family,_was_brought_up_in_Missouri_along_the_Mississippi_River._Early_in_his_life_he_did_many_different_jobs_—_he_had_worked_as_a_typesetter,_a_sailor_and_a_journalist._

Best­known_for_his_masterpieces_such_as_The_Adventures_of_Tom_Sawyer_and_The_Adventures_of_Huckleberry_Finn,_Mark_Twain_won_popularity_all_over_the_world_and_died_on_April_21,_1910._

郎平

郎平，女，汉族，身高1米84。祖籍中国天津，著名女子排球运动员、教练，1973年进入北京工人体育馆少年体校排球班练习排球，1976年进入北京市业余体校，同年入选北京市排球队，1978年入选国家集训队。她凭借强劲而精确的扣杀而赢得“铁榔头”称号，曾入选中国体育劳伦斯奖第二届(1980年)十佳名单。

荣膺1982年世界女子排球锦标赛“MVP”。1984年获全国“三八红旗手”。1996年获得国际排联颁发的“世界最佳教练”。2002年10月，由知名排球教练、运动员和记者组成的评委会以100%的得票，正式入选排球名人堂，成为亚洲排球运动员中获此殊荣的第一人。

郎平与美国名将弗罗拉·海曼、古巴名将米雷亚·路易斯并称为20世纪80年代世界女排“三大主攻手”。

2013年4月25日郎平被任命为新一届女排国家队主教练。2015年2月1日，郎平获2014 CCTV体坛风云人物最佳教练奖。

2015年在女排世界杯最后一场比赛中中国女排以3比1战胜顽强的日本队，时隔11年再夺世界冠军，并直接晋级2016年里约奥运会。

迈克尔·乔丹

迈克尔·乔丹(Michael Jeffrey Jordan,1963年2月17日)男，是前美国NBA职业篮球运动员，身高6英尺6英寸(1.98米)，主打位置为得分后卫或小前锋，球衣背号为23号。1984年毕业于美国北卡罗莱那州的北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校，在NBA选秀中以第一轮第三顺位被芝加哥公牛队选中。在15年的NBA篮球生涯中，先后宣布退役3次，前13个赛季效力于芝加哥公牛队，生涯最后两季则在华盛顿奇才队度过；目前是夏洛特山猫队的老板。在15年中，乔丹总共获得6次总冠军，5次最有价值球员，6次总决赛最有价值球员，10次入选年度最佳阵容，更史无前例地获得十届得分王，其中有七届(1987～1993)是蝉联。他目前仍保持NBA常规赛球员职业生涯的每场平均得分最高纪录(30.12分)和季后赛每场平均得分最高纪录(33.45分)。他在2009年入选篮球名人堂。在NBA官方网站里，迈克尔·乔丹传记的第一句为：“在齐声喝彩中，迈克尔·乔丹是史上最伟大的篮球运动员。”

GUANGZHOU, China — Giant screens, loud music, popular dance and singing made the FINA Champions Swim Series like a live show, but the swimmers were always the biggest stars in the pool as Sarah Sjostrom of Sweden, Fu Yuanhui and Xu Jiayu of China were the biggest winners on the first day of the new competition here on Saturday.

Fu Yuanhui and Xu Jiayu made local fans crazy as Fu touched wall first in the women's 100m backstroke in 59.60 seconds and later she edged teammate Liu Xiang, world record holder, in the 50m back in 27.60.

“I seldom compete two finals in one night and I like the new competition very much. I enjoyed the relaxed atmosphere with the audience and the breathtaking race，” Fu said.

(Fu Yuanhui of China smiles after winning the women's 100m backstroke of 2019 FINA series in Guangzhou, South China's Guangdong province on April 27, 2019.)

Xu Jiayu dominated the men's 200m backstroke in 1 minute 55.24 seconds and 100m back in 52.98.

“I enjoyed the race and I hope the audience enjoyed watching too. I felt a little bit nervous in my first event 200m and better in the 100m race，” said the_100m_champion_in_2017_FINA_World_Championships_in_Budapest.

(China's backstrokers Fu Yuanhui and Xu Jiayu share a moment during the awarding ceremony of 2019 FINA series in Guangzhou, South China's Guangdong province on April 27, 2019.)

Questions：

1．Who are the biggest stars on the first day of the new competition among China's top swimmers?

Fu_Yuanhui_and_Xu_Jiayu.

2．The underlined part “the 100m champion in 2017 FINA World Championships in Budapest” refers to_Xu_Jiayu.

3．Do you like Fu Yuanhui? Why or why not?

The_answer_is_open.

一、语言基础训练

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．According to the old legend (传说), Romulus and Remus were the founders of Rome.

2．Liu Xiang is a great athlete (运动员)．

3．She won a silver medal (奖牌) in the Olympics.

4．Nelson Piquet, three times world champion (冠军), was injured.

5．They will choose a new team captain (队长)．

6．She is such a graceful (优雅的) old lady that we all like her.

7．French was a language he had never mastered (掌握)．

8．It was a great honour (荣幸) to be invited here today.

9．The patient was too weak to have the strength (力量) to stand up.

10．Remind John not to do an injury (损伤) to himself when he plays outdoors.

Ⅱ.单句语法填空

1．We have won a glorious (glory) victory over our opponents.

2．But now, because my left foot was_injured (injure) in the football game, I can't go with you as planned.

3．I think you had better give up alcohol.

4．To make yourself strong,_you should get more exercise to strengthen your muscles. (strength)

5．Tom worked hard and set an example to his classmates.

6．Lin Qiaozhi's hard work, determination (determine) and luck got her into a medical school.

7．And after all these years the best player finally was_honoured_ (honour) as the most valuable.

8．Most of us say we would like to get old gracefully (graceful)．

Ⅲ.选词填空

relate ... to ...， become known as， give up， set a good example， fall apart， lose heart， prepare for， share ... with

1．He dropped out of school at age 16 and his health started to fall_apart.

2．Siberian Tiger becomes_known_as the king of the forest in the world.

3．I share a dormitory with some other students.

4．We need to take action to prepare_for the game from now on.

5．My uncle hasn't been able to give_up smoking, but at least he has cut down.

6．A teacher should set_a_good_example for students by behaving himself very well at any moment.

7．We shall not lose_heart in the face of difficulties.

8．The children enjoyed relating their imaginary adventures to the visitors.

Ⅳ.完成句子

1．Marie Curie, a famous scientist, has_set_a_good_example (已经树立了好榜样)．

2．We_have_been_missing_them (我们一直想念他们) since they left here.

3．Most people say the_secret_to_success_is_hard_work (成功的秘诀是努力)．

4．We must find_a_way_to_communicate (找方法交流) with others more.

5．Though_she_was_a_failure (尽管她是一个失败者) in life, she gained great success in her career.

6．My shelf is_falling_apart (快散架了), because many books are on it.

Ⅴ.课文缩写填空

Lang Ping and Michael Jordan are athletes who are masters in their sport.

When the Chinese team was preparing for the 2015 World Cup, her determination 1.was_tested (test). The team that Lang Ping had built was falling 2.apart. Two players had to leave. 3.Losing (lose) two important players was a big challenge, but Lang Ping did not lose heart. She knew that her young players could win 4.if they worked together as a team. Two weeks later, they were world champions!

Michael Jordan who became 5.known_ (know) as “Air Jordan”changed basketball with his graceful moves and jumps. His skills were impressive, but the mental 6.strength (strong) that he showed made him unique. Jordan says that the secret to his success is 7.learning_ (learn) from his failures. Losing games taught him 8.to_practise (practise) harder and never give up. In life, Jordan has learnt to share his success with others. The Boys and Girls Club which he started in Chicago 9.has_been_helping (help) young people since 1996.

They set 10.a_good example for us and we are proud of them.

二、语篇阅读训练

Ⅰ.阅读理解

Terry Evanshen was one of Canadian football's greatest receivers. He played every down (进攻) as if it was his last. Though he had made great achievements, Terry's memories of his playing days have been completely lost.

It was in the summer of 1988 after he retired from playing that his career in sales was taking off. One day in July, Terry, on his way home from work, had a terrible car accident. He was knocked unconscious, and within minutes he was rushed to the nearby hospital.

Three weeks later, he woke up. However, it became obvious that Terry's injuries were far more serious than whatever damage had been done to his body. A lifetime of memories had been completely wiped clean. He had been all but reduced to the level of a baby; everything from his ability to talk and walk to his understanding of what it meant to be a husband and a father was all gone.

At age 44, Terry Evanshen would be starting all over again. Luckily he had the support of his family, helped by small victories and a renewed bond between him and his three daughters like when they taught him how to play football again.

In 1992, his recovery really began to pick up steam. It has taken years to rebuild his shattered (破碎的) life, but today, more than 20 years since his playing days, Terry is a popular public speaker. He tells his inspiring story of perseverance (坚持不懈) and courage. “Never forget, we're all in this game of life together. We will get to the finish line, one day at a time, one moment at a time, but celebrate the journey. Seize today, because yesterday is gone and is never coming back.” As the subject of the most watched Canadian movie of 2005, The Man Who Lost Himself, Evanshen says his family has been his most important treasure. He refuses to be a victim, saying he is a survivor.

语篇解读：本文是记叙文。加拿大橄榄球史上最伟大的接球手之一特里·伊文森在遭遇车祸失去记忆后，在家人的支持和自己的努力下，重获新生。

1．In 1988, Evanshen was ________.

A．a businessman　 B．a public speaker

C．a football player  D．a father of two daughters

解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“It was in the summer of 1988 after he retired from playing that his career in sales was taking off.”可知，Evanshen曾经是一名优秀的橄榄球运动员，但退役之后，他成为了一名销售人员。

2．After the car accident happened, what was the worst thing for Evanshen?

A．He would never drive again.

B．He couldn't stand up any more.

C．He lost his memories and all his ability.

D．He suffered a serious physical injury.

解析：选C　细节理解题。Evanshen遭遇了可怕的车祸，三周后才醒过来。根据第三段可知，车祸给特里造成的影响远不止身体上的伤害。他失去了所有的记忆，甚至是倒退到了婴儿的认知水平。

3．What's the best title for the text?

A．A Great Football Player

B．What's Persevering Person Like?

C．The Man Who Lost Himself

D．Terry Evanshen's Life

解析：选C　标题归纳题。本文介绍的是一个橄榄球球星退役后遭遇车祸并且失忆，之后他又凭借毅力获得成功的励志故事。选项C巧妙地借用了文中的电影名来概括该故事的核心内容，是标题的不二之选，而其余几项相比较而言，内容不够全面而且标题平淡，故选C项。

Ⅱ.阅读七选五

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Where is the better place to live? City or country? __1__ Leaving the noise and rapid pace of city life and entering the peace and quiet of the countryside is surely beneficial (有益的). First, there are big, open spaces where you can get close to nature. __2__ People know each other better, and there is often a real sense of community in small towns that is seldom found in big cities.

However, for someone who has lived in large towns and cities for long, like me, country life takes quite some adjusting (适应) to. __3__ You have to get used to the town becoming completely dead from about 12：00 to 2：00 pm, when everyone takes a long lunch break. Transport is often a problem as well. __4__ And it's even more difficult to leave the town, as usually the closest neighbouring town city is miles away!

What's more, the sense of community in small towns can sometimes make visitors feel a little unwelcome. So far, no one has been unfriendly towards me, but the fact that I'm clearly foreign in this small community makes me feel uncomfortable.

__5__ It's hard to find people with whom I have things in common, and who I can talk to!

Yet, despite (尽管) all this, I'm trying hard to take advantage of the beauty, simplicity, and ease of the country lifestyle in France.

A．The air is fresh, clean and unpolluted.

B．Firstly, the pace of life is much, much slower.

C．The town completely shuts down at about 6 pm.

D．For some, living in the country is a dream.

E．If you don't have a car, it can be difficult to get around.

F．They wonder what a young English girl is doing in French countryside.

G．The biggest disadvantage for me is that there are very few people of my age.

语篇解读：本文是议论文。你更喜欢在哪里生活呢？城市还是乡村？

1．选D　本段主要阐述在乡村生活的好处，D项可作本段的主旨句，且与第二段中的“for someone who has lived ... some adjusting to”形成对比。

2．选A　A项讲述乡村的优势，与本空上下文在语意上一致。

3．选B　下文中的“the town becoming completely ... a long lunch break”是对B项中的“the pace of life is much, much slower”的具体说明。

4．选E　E项说明在乡村生活时，没有汽车出行不方便，是对上文中的“Transport is often a problem as well”的具体说明。

5．选G　G项中的“there are very few people my age”与下文中的“hard to find people with whom I have things in common, and who I can talk to”在语意上一致。

三、基础写作训练

Ⅰ.完成句子

1．Ning Zetao was_born_on_March_6th,_1993__in_Henan_Province.

宁泽涛1993年3月6日出生于河南。

2．He is a_famous_Chinese_swimmer.

他是一名著名的中国游泳运动员。

3．He_won_the_gold_medal in men's 100m freestyle at the 16th World Aquatics Championships on August 6th,  2015.

2015年8月6日他获得了第16届世界游泳锦标赛100米自由泳冠军。

4．It_made_him_become_the_first_Asian_swimmer to win a gold medal in this event.

这使他成为亚洲第一位获得此项目冠军的人。

5．He has good psychological qualities and a_modest_character.

他心理素质好，性格谦虚。

6．He deserves his success in_the_field_of_swimming.

他在游泳领域取得成功当之无愧。

Ⅱ.连句成篇(对Ⅰ题中的句子进行改写合并)

Born_on_March_6th,_1993_in_Henan_Province,_Ning_Zetao_is_a_famous_Chinese_swimmer._He_won_the_gold_medal_in_men's_100m_freestyle_at_the_16th_World_Aquatics_Championships_on_August_6th,__2015._It_made_him_become_the_first_Asian_swimmer_to_win_a_gold_medal_in_this_event._With_good_psychological_qualities_and_a_modest_character,_he_deserves_his_success_in_the_field_of_swimming.

Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures

——附加疑问句

　   God loves putting the suffering on the surface and concealing the talent and success in

a variety of ways. If you are intimidated by the hard surface, you will never touch

the glory behind it.

     上帝喜欢把苦难放在表面，把才华和成功用各种方式掩藏起来。如果你被艰难的

表面吓到，你将永远触摸不到其背后的辉煌。

[主干图解]

[探究发现]

[我的发现]

(1)当主语是this, that, everything, something, nothing, anything，不定式、动名词或从句时，附加疑问句中的代词用it。如上述句1、6。

(2)当陈述句中含有情态动词must时，附加疑问句部分要根据must在陈述部分中的意义决定。

(3)陈述句中用了表示否定或半否定的词时，附加疑问句用肯定形式。如neither, none, nobody, nothing, few, little, never, hardly, seldom等。如上述句3。

(4)肯定的祈使句的附加疑问句用will/won't you，如上述句4；否定的祈使句的附加疑问句用will you，如上述句7。

(5)当主句主语是第一人称，并且谓语部分为think, believe, imagine, suppose等时，附加疑问句一般与从句的谓语一致，如上述句5。

(6)回答附加疑问句时，事实是肯定的，回答用“yes＋肯定的简略句”；事实是否定的，回答用“no＋否定的简略句”，形式要一致。

一、附加疑问句的基本概念

1．附加疑问句的概述

附加疑问句就是对陈述句所叙述的事情提出相反疑问的问句。主要表示以礼貌或委婉的语气提出要求、询问或确认信息等。读时前半部分用降调，后半部分既可用升调也可用降调。通常情况下，用升调时，多表示疑问或请求；用降调时，多表示求证或希望对方同意。

2．附加疑问句的基本构成形式

附加疑问句由两部分构成：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句。两部分的人称和时态应保持一致。陈述部分为肯定句时，附加疑问句用否定式，反之用肯定式。

You are a student, aren't you?

你是一个学生，是吗？

He doesn't like ice cream, does he?

他不喜欢冰淇淋，是吗？

[点津]　(1)若陈述部分含有seldom, hardly, never, few, nothing等否定词或半否定词，其疑问部分要用肯定式。

He has few friends here, has he?

他在这儿几乎没什么朋友，是吗？

She said nothing, did she?

她什么也没说，是不是？

(2)若陈述部分含有带否定前缀的词，疑问部分仍用否定式。

It is unfair, isn't it?

这不公平，是吗？

It is impossible, isn't it?

那是不可能的，是吗？

[即时训练1]　完成下列附加疑问句

①You can't speak French, can_you?

②They work there, don't_they?

③Mary likes playing basketball in her spare time, doesn't_she?

④This will not be mentioned at the meeting, will_it?

⑤It's unbelievable, isn't_it?

⑥You've never been to Qingdao, have_you?

二、附加疑问句的具体用法

1．附加疑问句的主语问题

(1)基本原则：疑问部分的主语应与陈述部分主语一致，且只能是代词。

误：Mary is a nurse, isn't Mary?

正：Mary is a nurse, isn't she?

玛丽是护士，对吗？

(2)当陈述部分为there be句型时，疑问部分的主语仍用there。

There was nothing in the room, was there?

房间里什么也没有，是吗？

(3)当陈述部分的主语是指示代词时，疑问部分的主语用it, they等代词。

That is a new car, isn't it?

那是一辆新汽车，是吗？

(4)当陈述部分的主语是somebody, someone, everyone, everybody, no one, nobody等复合不定代词时，其疑问部分的主语用he/they；当陈述部分的主语是 something, anything, nothing, everything等复合不定代词时，其疑问部分的主语要用it。

Nobody was late, were they?

没有一个人迟到，是吗？

Everything is ready, isn't it?

一切都准备好了，是吗？

Nothing is important, is it?

没有什么重要的，不是吗？

(5)当陈述部分的主语为动名词、不定式或从句时，疑问部分的主语用it。

Swimming is great fun, isn't it?

游泳非常有趣，不是吗？

[即时训练2]　完成句子

①This is a lovely card, isn't_it?

这是一张漂亮的卡片，是吗？

②To swim in such cold water is crazy, isn't_it?

在这么冷的水里游泳真疯了，是不是？

③What he did really scared you, didn't_it?

他所做的事真的吓了你一跳，对吗？

④Nobody understood his speech, did_they/he?

没人能听懂他的讲话，是不是？

⑤There is something wrong with your watch, _isn't_there?

你的手表出问题了，是吗？

2．陈述部分有动词have的附加疑问句

(1)当have为助动词时，其附加疑问句沿用同样的助动词。

He has already left, hasn't he?

他已经离开了，是吗？

(2)当have为实义动词时，要分两种情况：

①若表示“所有”，附加疑问句可以用have，也可以用do；但是若陈述部分用的是have的否定式，附加疑问句用have 还是用do，取决于陈述部分的动词形式。

He has a lot of friends here, hasn't/doesn't he?

他在这儿有许多朋友，是吗？

He hasn't any money, has he?

他没有钱，是吗？

He doesn't have any money, does he?

他没有钱，是吗？

②若表示“吃；玩”等意思，附加疑问句要用do。

He has supper at 5, doesn't he?

他5点吃晚餐，是吗？

He had a good time at the party, didn't he?

他在晚会上玩得很开心，是吗？

[即时训练3]　完成下列附加疑问句

①He has a car, hasn't/doesn't_he?

②Jack had dinner with his mother at home yesterday，didn't_he?

③I have to work this afternoon, haven't_I?

④You haven't a pen pal in English, have/do_you?

3．含情态动词的附加疑问句

(1)基本原则：在通常情况下，当陈述部分含有情态动词时，疑问部分会重复前面同样的情态动词。

He can speak English, can't he?

他会说英语，是吗？

We shouldn't go, should we?

我们不应该去，对不对？

(2)当陈述部分含有must时，要分两种情况：

①若must表示“必须”或“有必要”，疑问部分用 mustn't 或needn't；但是若陈述部分有mustn't表示禁止，疑问部分要用must。

You must leave at once, mustn't/needn't you?

你必须(有必要)马上离开，是吗？

You mustn't laugh, must you?

你不准笑，知道吗？

②若must表示推测，疑问部分不能用must，而应根据must后的动词结构采用相应的动词形式。

He must be tired, isn't he?

他一定累了，是吗？

③当must用来对过去的情况进行“推测”(must＋have done)时，如强调对过去情况的推测(一般有过去的时间状语)，疑问部分用didn't＋主语；如果强调动作的完成(没有时间状语)，疑问部分用haven't/hasn't＋主语。

He must have finished homework, hasn't he?

他一定完成作业了，不是吗？

He must have been in the park yesterday, didn't he?

昨天他一定在公园，是吧？

[即时训练4]　翻译句子

①我们不需要今天完成，是吗？

We_needn't_finish_it_today,_need/must_we?

②你一定把这事告诉她了，是吗？

You_must_have_told_her_about_it,_haven't_you?

③他一定是个专家，是吗？

He_must_be_an_expert,_isn't_he?

④他的父母在他小时候一定对他很严厉，不是吗？

His_parents_must_have_been_hard_on_him_when he is_young,_didn't_they?

4．陈述部分为祈使句的附加疑问句

(1)基本原则：若陈述部分为肯定的祈使句，疑问部分通常用will/won't you，若陈述部分为否定的祈使句，疑问部分用will you。

Please help us, will/won't you?

请帮帮我们，好吗？

Come with us, will/won't you?

同我们一起去，好吗？

Don't forget to post the letter, will you?

别忘了寄信，好吗？

(2)当祈使句为Let's ...时，疑问部分用shall we。

Let's go there together, shall we?

我们一起去那里，好吗？

Let's sit under the tree, shall we?

咱们就坐在树下吧，好不好？

(3)当祈使句为Let us ...时，若表示请求，疑问部分用will you；若表示建议，疑问部分用 shall we。

Let us know your address, will you?

请把你的地址告诉我们，好吗？

Let us go swimming together, shall we?

我们一起去游泳，好吗？

[即时训练5]　完成下列附加疑问句

①Don't talk like that, will_you?

②Let's go and have a rest, shall_we?

③Turn off the lights when you leave the classroom, will/won't_you?

5．陈述部分为主从复合句的附加疑问句

(1)当陈述部分为主从复合句时，疑问部分一般应与主句保持一致。

He said that he didn't like it, didn't he?

他说他不喜欢它，是不是？

He knows where I live, doesn't he?

他知道我住在什么地方，是不是？

 (2)当陈述部分为I think (believe, suppose) that ...等时，疑问部分通常与从句保持一致(注意否定的转移)。

I think that it is too short, isn't it?

我认为它太短了，对不对(它太短吗)?

I don't think he will come, will he?

我认为他不会来，对吗(他会来吗)?

[点津]　这类用法主要限于主语为第一人称且think等动词为一般现在时的情形。

[即时训练6]　完成下列附加疑问句

①We don't believe we were defeated, _were_we?

②I don't think it is good, is_it?

③They said that the plan worked, _didn't_they?

④I suppose you are not going out today, are_you?

⑤It doesn't matter if they want to come to your party, does_it?

6．几种特殊情况的附加疑问句

(1)当陈述部分是I'm ...时，疑问部分通常用aren't I。

I'm wrong, aren't I?

我错了，是吗？

I'm older than you, aren't I?

我年纪比你大，对不对？

(2)当陈述部分是I wish ...时，疑问部分通常用may I。

I wish to go with them, may I?

我想同他们一起去，可以吗？

(3)当陈述部分有had better时，疑问部分用hadn't＋主语。

He'd better leave here, hadn't he?

他最好离开这儿，是吗？

(4)陈述部分的谓语是used to 时，疑问部分用didn't/usedn't＋主语。

He used to come here, usedn't/didn't he?

他过去常来这儿，是吗？

[即时训练7]　完成下列附加疑问句

①I'm as tall as your sister, aren't_I?

②I wish to have a word with you, may_I?

③You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't_you?

④He used to take pictures there, didn't/usedn't_he?

7．附加疑问句的回答

在回答这类问句时，不管其陈述部分是肯定的还是否定的，事实是肯定的，回答用“yes＋肯定的简略句”；事实是否定的，回答用“no＋否定的简略句”，形式要一致。陈述部分是否定形式时，答语中的yes译成“不”，no译成 “是”。

—He wants to go, doesn't he?

—Yes, he does./No, he doesn't.

——他想去，是吗？

——是的，他想去。/不，他不想去。

—That isn't a useful book, is it?

—Yes, it is./No, it isn't.

——那不是一本有用的书，是吗？

——不，它是一本有用的书。/是的，它不是一本有用的书。

[即时训练8]　根据汉语提示完成下列附加疑问句

①—There are many people in the hall, aren't there?

—Yes,_there_are (是的，有)．

—No,_there_aren't (不，没有)．

②—We haven't been informed, have we?

—Yes,_we_have (不，我们接到通知了)．

—No,_we_haven't (对，还没有)．

品悟—语境中的语法

The Old Cat

An old woman had a cat.The cat was very old; she could not run quickly, and she could not bite, because she was so old.One day the old cat saw a mouse; she jumped and caught the mouse.But she could not bite it; so the mouse got out of her mouth and ran away.

Then the old woman became very angry because the cat had not killed the mouse.She began to hit the cat.The cat said，“Do not hit your old servant, will you? I have worked for you for many years, and I would work for you still, but I am too old.Do not be unkind to the old, but remember what good work the old did when they were young.”

点评：第二段第三句“Do not hit your old servant, will you？”使用了附加疑问句，这是否定祈使句的附加疑问句，疑问部分用“will you”。

Ⅰ.完成下列附加疑问句

1．Your parents had a long talk with you last night, didn't_they?

2．Everyone has advised you not to go on a diet, haven't_they/hasn't_he?

3．Shopping isn't what you want to do, is_it?

4．Students mustn't be late, must_they?

5．You must have got the letter when you were in the office, didn't_you?

6．She seldom argues with others, does_she?

7．They are hopeless, aren't_they?

8．Don't play with fire, will_you?

9．Let's go home, shall_we?

10．They told me it was not true, didn't_they?

11．There is nobody outside, is_there?

12．—He knows little about it, does_he?

—Yes, he_does./No, he_doesn't.

Ⅱ.翻译句子

1．让我们听广播节目，好吗？

Let's_listen_to_the_radio_program,_shall_we?

2．你觉得你很滑稽，是吗？

You_think_you're_funny,_don't__you?

3．让我们充分利用我们的业余时间，好吗？

Let's_make_good_use_of_our_spare_time,_shall_we?

4．不要忘记明天早点起床，好吗？

Don't_forget_to_get_up_early_tomorrow,_will_you?

5．我认为他会来的，对吗？

I_think_he_will_come,_won't_he?

Ⅲ.语法填空

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Several days ago, on my way home from work, my car had a blowout (轮胎爆裂). It was nearly midnight and little traffic __1__ (see) on the road. I called the roadside assistance (援助)．

About an hour and a quarter __2__ my car broke down, a car pulled over.  __3__ gentleman asked me if I was OK and I told him I  __4__ (wait) for roadside assistance to come. He then parked his car ahead of mine and offered  __5__ (change) my tire for me. This was not an  easy task. The man  __6__ (careful) took off the tire and replaced it. Once the tire was changed, he said he wanted to follow me to a nearby gas station for my  __7__ (safe). After we arrived at the gas station, he asked me to stay in my car. He put air in my tire and we were all ready then. I said that I did not have much cash  __8__ me, or I would give him some for  __9__ (be) so helpful. He said he didn't do that for money. I was  __10__ (luck) to meet so kind a person like him.

语篇解读：作者在回家的路上车爆胎了，她幸运地得到了一位好心人的帮忙。

1．was seen　这里是讲过去的事，且traffic与see之间是被动关系，故要用一般过去时的被动语态。

2．after　after意为“在……之后”。这里表示在我车坏了的一小时十五分钟后。

3．A　gentleman是第一次提到的单数可数名词，故用a修饰，表泛指。

4．was waiting　根据语境可知句意为：我告诉他我正在等待援助。

5．to change　offer to do sth.意为“主动提出做某事”。

6．carefully　修饰动词词组took off要用副词形式。

7．safety　这里是指为了我的安全，名词作介词的宾语。

8．on　on表示“在身上”。