高中语文人教统编版必修 下册一 认识多媒介精品学案设计

必修三 专题课——写作常用句型（一）

写作常用句型：主系表结构、主谓宾结构、双宾语结构

主系表结构

结构：主语+系动词+表语

系动词的种类有：

1. be动词；

2. look，feel, sound, seem, taste、 smell等；

3. become, go, turn, get, grow等；

4. keep, remain, stay等。

用作表语的有：名词、名词性物主代词、不定代词、人称代词、形容词、数词、副词、不定式、动名词、分词(短语)、介词短语、从句。例如：

Mr Smith is a boss/over 40/smart/in a room/to go to see a film.

Her job is looking after the baby

v

翻译句子

1. 你需要提前做的就是简单了解一下唐朝历史。

What you need to do in advance is to know briefly about the history of Tang Dynasty.

2. 被迫花费大量时间学习自己不感兴趣的东西真是一件痛苦的事情。

It is a miserable thing to have to spend most of your time studying what you have no interest in.

3. 当然，前方会有很多挑战，但是我喜欢应对挑战。

Of course, there will be many challenges ahead, but I like meeting challenges.

连句成段

1. 市民们经常怨声载道。然而，如果当初人人都予以更多的重视，现在这条河就不会一团糟了。

There are more complaints among the citizens. However, if more attention had been paid, the river wouldn’t be in chaos/in a mess.

2. 对于这种善举应该树立一种积极的态度。而且，我希望大家都能共同参与到这种捐助行动中。

There should be a positive attitude towards such a kindness. Moreover, I hope everyone will get involved in the donation.

主谓宾结构

结构：主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语（+状语）

1. 一些不及物动词加介词构成的短语，相当于及物动词。

2. 可以作宾语的有：名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、从句等。例如：

She looked after the baby carefully

I remembered him/his name/doing it/I had seen him before.

I decided to see him in person.

翻译句子

1. 兼职让我拓宽了视野，获得了一些工作经验，并且结识了一些新朋友。

I have broadened my horizons, gained some working experience and met new friends through the part-time job.

2. 她的一番话提高了大家对污染的危险性和化学物质的有害影响的意识。

Her speech raised people’s awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals.

3. 我们将自己用过的许多图书捐赠给附近贫困乡村的人们。

We gave our plenty of used books away to the people in the nearby poor villages.

连句成段

1. 我代表我们学校向你（们）表示热烈欢迎。首先，请允许我简单介绍一下我们学校。

On behalf of our school, I would like to express our warm welcome to you. First of all, please allow me to make a brief introduction of our school.

2. 一方面，读书防止我们浪费宝贵的课堂时间；另一方面，这会有助于我们班营造良好的阅读氛围。

For one thing, reading prevents us wasting valuable time in class; for another, it will contribute to creating a good environment for reading in our class.

双宾语结构

结构：主语+谓语（及物动词）+间接宾语+直接宾语

双宾语结构只能跟在某些及物动词后面，主要有三类动词：

1. give，tell，teach，write，bring，lend，hand，show，offer，send，pass，award等。这一类动词后的间接宾语可以用一个介词to引导的短语来表示。例如：

Please hand him a book.

Please hand a book to him.

2. buy，get，fetch，save，make，sing，choose等。这一类动词后的间接宾语可以用一个介词for引导的短语来表示。例如：

Her father bought her a bike.

Her father bought a bike for her.

3. ask，take，cost等这一类动词后的两个宾语无法改变其结构形式。

翻译句子

1. 就面试过程中如何胜出的问题，你能给我些建议吗？

Could you give me some advice on how to get ahead in an interview?

2. 当我们到达目的地时，导游已经给我们预订好了宾馆。

When we got to the destination, the guide had booked a hotel for us.

3. 两位外国友人在我们学校参观期间给我们唱了几首世界名曲。

Two foreign friends sang us several world-famous songs during their visit to our school.

连句成段

1. 通过志愿者工作，你会给其他人带来很多便利。反过来，帮助他人也给你带来了幸福和愉悦。

You will get others much convenience through the voluntary work. In turn, helping others also brings you happiness and pleasure.

2. 据我所知，你在机器人科学大赛中获过奖。因此，你一定会给我们的赛事准备工作提供指导。

As far as I know, you have won a prize in the Robotics Competition. Therefore, you are sure to offer us guidance in preparation for the event.

写作常用句型：复合宾语结构、祈使句结构、感叹句结构、并列复合结构

复合宾语结构

结构：主语+谓语（及物动词）+复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）

1. 此类句型中的复合宾语是由宾语+宾语补足语构成的，宾语补足语表示宾语的状态、性质等。

2. 可以作宾语补足语成分的有：名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、现在分词、过去分词等。例如：

We call him Tom.

We found him unhappy/out/in the crowd/standing there.

翻译句子

1. 大赛将激励更多的青少年投身于科学研究。

The competition will encourage more teenagers to throw themselves into scientific research.

2. 您耐心的指导帮助我们克服了长期困扰着我们的难题。

Your patient guidance helped us overcome the difficulty that had long been troubling us.

3. 用这种方法学习将能够让每个人达到目标，扩展他们的知识，并且充分地参与到社会中来。

Learning this way will enable everyone to achieve their goals, to expand their knowledge and to participate fully in society.

连句成段

1. 在第18届亚运会上，中国的孙杨于2018年8月21日夺得了男子400米自由泳决赛的冠军。正是他的表现让全国上下激动不已。

Sun Yang of China won men’s 400-meter freestyle final of swimming at the 18th Asian Games on Aug 21, 2018. It is his performance that makes the whole nation with high spirits.

2. 她的同学们建议她请几天假。但是，令大家惊讶的是，她拒绝了。

Her classmates advised her to ask for several days off. However, to their surprise, she refused.

祈使句结构

结构：

1. 动词原形+其他成分

2. be+表语+其他成分

3. Don’t+动词原形+其他成分

4. Don’t+be+表语+其他成分

5. Let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分

祈使句表示请求、命令等。它的主语是听话人，一般不需要说出来。它的谓语动词一律用动词原形。祈使句句末用感叹号或句号，读时用降调。

翻译句子

1. 记住在考场上做完试卷之后，你最好认真检查一遍。

Keep in mind that after finishing your paper in exams, you had better check it carefully.

2. 若要获取更多的信息，请拨打电话655318或者给daisy123@163.com发电子邮件。

For more information, please call 65531188 or send an email to daisy123@163.com.

3. 请按要求于下周三之前把你的个人参赛信息交过来。

Hand in your personal information about the entry to the competition as told before next Wednesday.

连句成段

1. 想象一下长时间地生活在这种低落的情绪中。现在对你来说，到了该做出改变的时候了

Imagine living in such a bad mood for a long time. Now it is time for you to make a change.

2. 不要不懂装懂。而是要试着发现自己的错误所在。

Don’t pretend to know what you don’t know. Instead, try to find where you are wrong.

感叹句结构

结构：

1. What(a/an+)形容词+名词+主谓结构（句子其他成分）！

2. How+形容词或副词+主谓结构（句子其他成分）！

3. How+陈述句（强调动词）！

感叹句用来表示喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈感情，句末用感叹号，读时用降调。例如：

What bad/terrible weather (it is)!

How patiently they are waiting!

How time flies!

翻译句子

1. 能够在高中这三年跟你在一起学习真是令人难忘的经历啊!

What an unforgettable experience to study with you for three years in senior high school!

2. 能够收到你的来信是多么令人愉快的啊

How joyful it is to receive your letter!

3. 我多么希望能尽快阅读并回复你的电子邮件啊!

How I wish I could read and reply to your email as soon as possible!

连句成段

1. 当时天气多么冷啊！然而在他的保护下我没被冻着。

How cold it was then! However, it was he that protected me from being attacked by the cold weather.

2. 每一分钟都那么重要！很可惜，仍然有些人无所事事。

How every minute counts! Pitifully, there are some people occupied with nothing.

并列复合结构

由并列连词或分号把两个或两个以上的具有逻辑关系的简单句连接为一体，构成并列复合句。

常用的并列连词有：but，and，for，so，or，either...or...，neither...nor...，not only...but also...， while，when，not...but...等。例如：

We eat to live, but not live to eat

The shared bicycles can be seen everywhere, so it is convenient for citizens to get around.

We were about to give up when the teacher encouraged us to have another try.

翻译句子

1. 之前人们告诉我，看电影有助于学习英语，但是我怎么才能做到这一点呢?

People have told me before that watching films can help me learn English but how can I do this?

2. 退休之后，他从事了一段时间的绘画工作，但是，他很快就失去了兴趣。

After he retired, he took up painting for a while, but soon lost interest.

3. 对同学们敞开心扉，这样他们就会主动地与你交流。

Be open to your classmates and they will communicate with you actively.

连句成段

1. 我期待着你的到来。如果你乐意的话，我可以当你的向导。我相信你在这儿一定会玩得很高兴。

I am looking forward to your arrival. If you like, I can serve as your guide and I am sure you will have great fun here.

2. 我会尽量广交朋友，跟他们经常交流。毋庸置疑，谁也否认不了合作的重要性。

I will make as many friends as possible and we will communicate with each other more often. There is no doubt about the importance of cooperation.

（答题时间：40分钟）

写作

（一）

假定你是李华，你的外籍好友Jane在你校举办的汉字听写大赛中获得一等奖。请你给她写一封信，内容包括：

1. 向她表示祝贺；

2. 请她介绍语言学习的经验。

注意：

1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3. 开头和结尾已经给出，不计人总词数。

Dear Jane,

I’m Li Hua. _________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

（二）

随着经济的发展，越来越多的文化遗产( culture reis)遭到破坏。假设你是红星高中的学生李华，请你给当地报社写一封信，就以下两个方面谈谈你的看法，来纪念6月10日的“世界文化遗产日( World Cultural Heritage Day)”。

要点：

1. 文化遗迹的重要性 (见证历史和文化，帮助人们了解过去；稀少，有价值)；

2. 呼吁人们保护文化遗产。

注意：

1. 要涵盖所给要点，词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3. 开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。

Dear Editor,

I am Li Hua, a senior student from Hong Xing High School. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

（一）参考范文

Dear Jane,

I’m Li Hua. On hearing that you have won first prize in the Chinese Characters Dictation Contest held by my school, I felt exceedingly excited! Congratulations to you!

As your good friend, I am proud of you! Your proficiency in Chinese characters as well as your deep dive into Chinese culture has left a lasting impression on me. It came as no surprise that you won the contest. You deserve it! I wonder how you are able to master a foreign language. I really wish to improve my English, so could you please share with me your own experience and unique views on language learning?

I will be grateful if you write me back. I am looking forward to your early reply. Thank you in advance and wish you all the best.

Yours,

Li Hua

（二）参考范文

Dear Editor,

I am Li Hua, a senior student from Hong Xing High School.  Nowadays, with the development of our society, more and more cultural relics are facing the danger of disappearance. So we must attach importance to this problem and try our best to protect them.

First, cultural relics represent our historic culture, which otter us great opportunities to learn about what happened in the past. Also they are the roots of cities or places. They can help us make our traditional culture handed down from generation to generation. More importantly, most of them have survived for a long time and they are usually very rare and valuable.

For above reasons, with the World Cultural Heritage Day coming we shouldn't hesitate to call on people to take action to save our treasures. I hope more and more people will become concerned about protecting our cultural relies.

Yours,

Li Hua