人教版（2019）选择性必修一常考重点词语辨析学案

这是一份高中英语本册综合精品导学案及答案，共21页。学案主要包含了单项选择，阅读七选五，阅读理解等内容，欢迎下载使用。


1. accuse/charge
accuse和charge都有“指责，控告”之意，有时可通用，但结构不一样
accuse不一定针对重大过失或罪行，其结构为accuse sb f sth
charge —般用于重大过失或罪行，其结构为charge sb with sth，还有“使某人负……责任”之意。
My father accused me f my being t careless.父亲责备我太粗心。
He accused me f neglecting my duty.他指控我玩忽职守。
He charged me with neglecting my duty.他指控我玩忽职守。
Jimmy was charged with murder.吉米被控谋杀。
2. elder/elderly
elder 与elderly 两者都为“年老的”，但有细微的差别。
elderly 指中年与暮年之间的年龄，表示人已过中年，因此，这词常用来代替 ld。
elder指年龄稍长者，适用于家庭的兄弟姐妹之间。
如：Tm is the elder f the tw. 汤姆是两个孩子中较大的一个。
如：an elderly gentleman. 一位年长的绅士。
3. annunce/declare
declare：宣布，声明。指以正式的话语公开宣布某件事。
例：The chairman declared the exhibitin pen. （主席宣布展览会开幕。）
annunce：宣布，宣告。常指首次公开或正式宣布人们关心的某件事情。
例：The gvernment annunced that the danger was past.
It was annunced that the natinal science cnference wuld sn be held in Beijing.
另外，要表达“向某人宣布某事”，应用annunce t sb. sth.
例：He annunced t us the news and then said t us, “Nw let me explain t yu in details.” （他向我们宣布了这个消息，然后对我们说：“现在让我详细给你们解释吧。”）
4. alive/live/living
alive, live, living 这些形容词均有"活着的，活的"之意。
alive: 其反义词为dead，指生命从奄奄一息到精力旺盛的各种状态。
live: 通常作定语，指活生生的，生气勃勃的，还可表示现场直播的。
living: 其反义词为dead，指包括人和动植物的生命没有消失、仍然存在的状态。
lively: 充满活力的；活泼的
例如：
This is my favurite live album 这是我最喜爱的现场专辑。
I never expected t feel s alive in my life again. 我怎么也没想到自己会再一次这样活力焕发。
He has a lively sense f humur and appears naturally cnfident.
他有一种活泼外向的幽默感，看上去大方自信。
4. agree with/agree t/agree n
agree with同意，赞成（后接“人”或what从句作宾语）；适合，适应；一致
例：I dn’t quite agree with yu.
例：Nbdy agreed with what he had said at the meeting.
例：The weather here desn’t agree with mst f us 这里的天气我们多数人不适应。
例：Yur wrds d nt agree with yur actin你的言行不一
agree t同意，赞成。指一方同意另一方的意见、建议、观点、想法等
例：Jhn can’t agree t Je’s idea.
agree n对……达成共识。指双方或多方对某事取得一致意见。例如：
例：Finally Jhn and Je agreed n the plan.
5. argue/quarrel
argue：辩论，争论。指提出理由或论据以支持或反驳某种意见或主张，着重说理。
如：What are yu arguing abut? I argued with him the whle day.
quarrel：争论，争吵，吵架。
It’s unwise t quarrel with yur bss abut that. 为那件事同你老板争吵是不明智的。
6. arrive/reach/get
都有“到达”的意思
arrive通常与介词at或in连用，它和reach是比较正式的用语；
get通常与介词t连用，在口语中常用。
arrive和get后接副词如here, there, hme等时，不用介词。
reach是及物动词；
reach和arrive at还有“达成协议，做出决定”的意思。
例When we arrived at the statin, the train had left.
At five, they arrived in Beijing.
The letter didn’t reach me until yesterday.
At what time did yu get t the pst ffice?
The tw sides failed t reach/arrive at an agreement after several hurs’ discussin.
几个小时的讨论后，双方还是没能达成一致意见
7. ask/inquire/questin
ask：问ask sb. sth.或ask sth. f sb.；请求ask sb. t d sth.；要索取ask fr sth.
May I ask yu sme questins?
Why did he ask yu t cme again?
Did he ask fr anything?
inquire：问，询问。它与ask同义，但是比较正式的用语；与int连用时，表示“查究，调查”
I have inquired f him whether he culd help me. 我已经问过他能否帮我。
We must inquire int the matter. ＝lk int，我们必须调查此事。
questin：提问，质问，审问，怀疑。
At first the girls read a chapter frm their bks, and then the teacher began t questin them.
I questin whether he was nce questined by the plice.
8. be familiar with/be familiar t
be familiar with：对……熟悉。
Mst f us are familiar with the pp star.
Jhn was very familiar with this kind f situatin.
be familiar t：对……来说是熟悉的；为……所熟知。
The pp star is familiar t mst f us.
This kind f situatin was all t familiar t Jhn. (=very familiar)
9. catch/seize/hld/catch hld f
catch：抓住，捉住；赶上车。常指从空中抓住某物，或指捕捉等。
He caught the ball and sht the basket. 他抓住球，投篮。
We caught lts f fish tday.
I gt up early s that I culd catch the first bus.
seize：抓住 指用力猛抓；捉拿，逮捕。
It’s a pity that I didn’t seize the chance.
Immediately the thief was seized and sent t the plice statin.
hld：握住，手持，抱着。
She was hlding an umbrella.
At that mment I held him by the arm. 就在这一刻我抓住了他的手臂。
catch hld f：抓住，抓牢。指抓住某物不放手，相当于get hld f。
Be sure t catch hld f the rpe.
10. cllect/gather
gather：收集，聚集；采摘。指把零散的东西集中到一起。宾语通常可以是人，也可以是物。
She is gathering wild flwers in the field.
Please gather the students fr me.
He wants t gather mney fr a mtrbike. 他想攒钱买一辆摩托车。
cllect：收集，集合。指精心地、有选择地收集；作为该意思时，其宾语只能是物。
Are yu fnd f cllecting stamps?
They are cllecting mney fr the kids in thse pr areas.
他们正在为贫困地区的孩子们集资。
注意：作为不及物动词时，两者可以互用。
We’ll gather/cllect at the gate f the schl at 8:00 a.m. tmrrw.
11. cmpare with/cmpare t
cmpare with：把……和……相比。
cmpare t：比喻为，把……比作；把……和……相比。
Can yu cmpare this wrd with that ne?
Yung peple are usually cmpared t the rising sun. 年轻人常被比作初升的太阳
cmpared t/with：比起来，与……相比。过去分词短语作状语，介词用t/with均可。
Cmpared t/with ther peple, yu were indeed very frtunate.
比起其他人，你算够幸运的了。
12. cntain/include
cntain：包含全部，容纳。
include：包括部分。
Senir Bk One cntains twelve units, including tw chsen frm the ld textbk.
This atlas cntains frty maps, including three f Great Britain.
这地图集含有四十幅地图，包括英国地图三幅在内。
Hw much des this bttle cntain? 这瓶能装多少？
13. cst/spend/pay/buy/charge/sell
cst：花费，付出代价。以事物做主语，即sth+ cst + (sb) + 金钱、时间、劳力或其他代价。
The bk cst me $10.
Careless driving cst him his life. 粗心驾驶使他付出了生命的代价。
spend：花费。主语是人，可以指花金钱，也可以指花时间。
sb. + spend +时间+ (in) + v.-ing/sb. + spend +金钱 (时间) + n sth.
I spent $10 n the bk.
I spent tw hurs (in) finishing the cmpsitin.
take: 花费时间或金钱
it takes sb. +时间/金钱+ t d sth.
It tk me tw hurs t finish the cmpsitin.
pay：付款
pay fr sth.
I paid $10 fr the bk.
charge：收费
charge sb. mney fr sth.
They charged me $10 fr the bk. 买这本书，他们收我十美元。
sell：卖。
sell sth. fr mney
They sld me the bk fr $10
（答题时间：40分钟）
一、单项选择
1. It is the _____ fr Westerners t celebrate Christmas.
A. habitB. manner
C. custmD. way
2. Mst parents think that cmputer games have a bad _______ n their children.
A. expressinB. influence
C. impressinD. cnclusin
*3. She will ________ an imprtant meeting next week.
A. jin B. take part in
C. jin in D. attend
4. Recently CCTV statin has made a prgram that reviews the imprtant ______ f the past 20 years.
A. affairsB. events
C. incidentsD. matter
5. The teacher gave them _______ t arrive early tmrrw mrning.
A. descriptinsB. instructins
C. intrductinsD. cnstructins
6. She was s _______ when she saw the snake and let ut a lud cry immediately.
A. frightenedB. disappinted
C. energeticD. anxius
*7. A hrrible thught _________ him when he was waiting fr Tm in the airprt: what if the plane frm Malaysia had been hijacked（劫持）?
A. attackedB. struck
C. beatD. ccurred
8. My lawyer’s hurly（每小时的）_____ is 130 dllars.
A. feeB. cst
C. fareD. mney
9. The dctr tried t _______ him t give up smking, but he wuldn’t listen.
A. adviseB. suggest
C. agreeD. persuade
*10. Yur basketball team _____ ur team yesterday, but we ______ the game this afternn.
A. beat; beatB. beat; wn
C. wn; wnD. wn; beat
二、阅读七选五
D yu keep getting fired? Yu say yu dn’t have any idea why this keeps happening t yu. It must be that all yur ex-bsses were lsers r that yu just had bad luck, right? Hmm. That’s prbably nt it. Take an hnest lk at yur behavir and ask yurself if yu might be t blame fr yur repeated jb lss. Only after yu d this can yu take the actins necessary t change this pattern. 11. _____
12. _____
D yu take pride in yur wrk r d yu nt care hw it turns ut? If yu are mre interested in simply cmpleting a prject than in ding it well, yu may have just fund the rt f yur prblem. Mst bsses d nt want t pay emplyees (雇员) whse wrk is pr. If yu are careless r if yu make a lt f mistakes, yu will have t change yur ways.
Yu Aren’t Cmpleting Wrk n Time
13. _____ As they say, time is mney. Emplyees wh can’t cmplete wrk as quickly as required cause prblems fr their emplyers. Is this yur prblem? Yu can slve it by imprving yur time management (管理) skills. Learn hw t perfect yur wrk.
Yu Dn’t Get Alng with Yur C-wrkers
Are yu always getting int disagreements with yur c-wrkers? *14. _____ As wrkers becme distracted (注意力分散的) frm their wrk, prductivity declines. Obviusly this cncerns emplyers wh will want t fire anyne respnsible fr the disagreement. 15. _____ — yu dn’t even have t like them all — but if yu dn’t want t keep getting fired, try t have gd wrking relatinships (关系).
A. D yu find it difficult t stick t deadlines?
B. Yu Aren’t Ding Yur Wrk Well
C. Yu Are Unwilling t Take n Difficult Prjects
D. Let’s explre sme things that may be causing yu t keep getting fired.
E. When emplyees dn’t get alng with ne anther, wrkplaces suffer.
F. Yu dn’t have t lve everyne with whm yu wrk.
G. If yu are unable t manage yur anger at wrk, yur bss is likely t see yu as a truble.
三、阅读理解
During the rsy years f elementary schl（小学）, I enjyed sharing my dlls and jkes, which allwed me t keep my high scial status. I was the queen f the playgrund. Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cl kids. They rse in the ranks nt by being friendly but by smking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jkes n thers, amng whm I sn fund myself.
Ppularity is a well-explred subject in scial psychlgy. Mitch Prinstein, a prfessr f clinical psychlgy srts the ppular int tw categries: the likable and the status seekers. The likables’ plays-well-with-thers qualities strengthen schlyard friendships, jump-start interpersnal skills and, when tapped early, are emplyed ever after in life and wrk. Then there’s the kind f ppularity that appears in adlescence: status brn f pwer and even dishnrable behavir.
Enviable as the cl kids may have seemed, Dr. Prinstein’s studies shw unpleasant cnsequences. Thse wh were highest in status in high schl, as well as thse least liked in elementary schl, are “mst likely t engage（从事）in dangerus and risky behavir. ”
In ne study, Dr. Prinstein examined the tw types f ppularity in 235 adlescents, scring the least liked, the mst liked and the highest in status based n student surveys（调查研究）. “We fund that the least well-liked teens had becme mre aggressive ver time tward their classmates. But s had thse wh were high in status. It clearly shwed that while likability can lead t healthy adjustment, high status has just the ppsite effect n us. "
Dr. Prinstein has als fund that the qualities that made the neighbrs want yu n a play date-sharing, kindness, penness — carry ver t later years and make yu better able t relate and cnnect with thers.
In analyzing his and ther research，Dr. Prinstein came t anther cnclusin: Nt nly is likability related t psitive life utcmes, but it is als respnsible fr thse utcmes, t. "Being liked creates pprtunities fr learning and fr new kinds f life experiences that help smebdy gain an advantage, ” he said.
16. What srt f girl was the authr in her early years f elementary schl?
A. Unkind.
B. Lnely.
C. Generus.
D. Cl.
*17. What is the secnd paragraph mainly abut？
A. The classificatin f the ppular.
B. The characteristics f adlescents.
C. The imprtance f interpersnal skills.
D. The causes f dishnrable behavir
18. What did Dr. Prinstein’s study find abut the mst liked kids?
A. They appeared t be aggressive.
B. They tended t be mre adaptable.
C. They enjyed the highest status.
D. They perfrmed well academically.
*19. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Be Nice-Yu Wn’t Finish Last
B. The Higher the Status, the Better
C. Be the Best-Yu Can Make It
D. Mre Self-Cntrl, Less Aggressiveness
一、单项选择
1. C 解析：custm意为“传统，习俗”（指某个民族的）；而habit是指个人的习惯；manner意为“方式，方法；态度，风度”；way则指“方式，手段；道路”。根据句子意思“西方人庆祝圣诞节是一种传统和习俗”，所以应选C。
2. B 解析：expressin 表情，表达；influence 影响；impressin 印象；cnclusin 结论。句意：大部分的父母都认为电脑游戏对孩子有不好的影响。固定搭配 have an influence n 对……有影响。故B正确。
3. D 解析：句意：下周她将参加一个重要会议。参加会议 attend a meeting。
4. B 解析：句意：近来，中央电视台做了一个节目——对过去20年重大的事件进行评论。affair个人的事情；event重大事件；incident小事；matter麻烦事。
5. B 解析：句意：老师命令他们明天早晨要早到。instructin指示；说明，常用作复数，符合题意。descriptin描述；intrductin介绍；cnstructin建造，建筑物。
6. A 解析：句意：当她看到蛇时，吓得立即大声叫起来。frightened惊恐的；disappinted失望的；energetic精力旺盛的；anxius担心的。
7. B 解析：句意：当他在机场等待汤姆的时候，突然有了一种可怕的想法，如果从马来西亚的飞机被劫持怎么办？strike sb.“某人突然想起…”，如果用ccur，应该是ccur t sb. A项attack袭击，beat击败，所以选B。
8. A 解析：句意：我每小时的律师费是130美元。fee指给医生，律师等的费用；cst成本；fare汽车，出租车等的费用；mney钱。
9. D 解析：advise 劝说； suggest 建议，后不能接不定式作宾补；agree 同意；persuade 说服。句意：那位医生设法说服他戒烟，但是他不听。根据句意选D。
10. B 解析：句意：你们的篮球对昨天打败了我们队，但今天下午我们赢了比赛。beat打败，宾语是人或团队；win赢，宾语是比赛、奖牌等。
二、阅读七选五
本文是篇说明文。文章简要介绍了几种老板可能解雇你的原因。
11. D 根据下文中的几个小标题可知，此空应该是总结概括可能被老板解雇的原因。因此D项“让我们看看有哪些事情可能导致你总是被解雇”符合语境。
12. B 从本段中的pr，careless，mistakes等关键词可以看出，本段主要讲你的工作做得不好，故选B。
13. A 根据本段的小标题可知，本段主要讲无法准时完成任务。A项“你认为在最后期限前完成任务困难吗”与小标题相呼应，故选A。
14. E 根据本段的小标题可知，本段主要讲同事之间的相处，故E项“当你和同事不能和谐相处的话，工作场所就会变糟”符合语境。另外，E项的句型也和该空后一句的句型相似。
15. F 根据空后的“yu dn’t even have t like them all”可知，F项“你不必喜欢和你一起工作的每一个人”符合语境。
三、阅读理解
16. C 推理判断题。根据第一段During the rsy years f elementary schl, I enjyed sharing my dlls and jkes, which allwed me t keep my high scial status（在美好的小学时光里，我喜欢分享我的娃娃和笑话，这让我保持了高高的社会地位。）由此推断出，作者在小学早期时，是一个慷慨的女孩。unkind不友善的;lnely寂寞的;generus慷慨的;cl冷静的，故选C。
17. A 主旨大意题。第二段Mitch Prinstein, a prfessr f clinical psychlgy srts the ppular int tw categries: the likable and the status seekers. （临床心理学教授Mitch Prinstein将受欢迎的人分为两类:讨人喜欢的人和追求地位的人。）是段落主题句，本段内容分别对the likable 和the status seekers 做了解释，所以本段主要介绍了两种受欢迎的分类，故选A。
18. B推理判断题。根据第四段It clearly shwed that while likability can lead t healthy adjustment （它清楚地表明，可爱可以促使健全的调整），由此推断出，心理学教授Mitch Prinstein的研究表明，最有人望的孩子适应性更强，故选B。
19. A 主旨大意题。通过阅读全文内容，尤其是最后一段，可知这篇文章主要讲了受欢迎，讨人喜欢对人生活的各个方面有深远的有益影响。与选项A“对别人好——最终，你的收获无穷无尽”一致，故选A。
常考重点词语辨析（下）

1. cure/treat/heal
cure：治愈疾病，后常接介词f。
The new medicine cured (him f) his heart truble. 这种新药治愈了他的心脏病。
treat：治疗。强调用药物或医疗手段进行医治的过程，并不表示治疗的结果。后常接介词fr。另外还有“对待”的意思，后常接as。
It was difficult t treat patients (fr their diseases) because f a shrtage f medicine. 由于缺少药物，所以很难给病人治疗。
He treats the rphan as his wn sn. 他把那个孤儿当作自己的亲生儿子看待。
heal：治愈外伤。
It tk three mnths fr my arm t heal prperly.
2. die f/die frm
die f：死于。常指由于疾病、饥饿、情感等原因而死亡。
Many f them died f hunger during the vyage.
The ld wman died f grief sn after her husband’s death.
die frm：死于。常指除了疾病或情感以外的原因造成的死亡，及因某种具体疾病造成的死亡。
In big cities during cld winter mnths, many ld peple die frm the plluted air.
It is said that he died frm/f heart attack.
3. discver/invent/create
discver：发现(它的对象原来就存在)
invent：发明(被发明的东西原来不存在)
create：创造
It is well knwn that Madame Curie discvered the element radium.
As is knwn t all, Thmas Edisn invented the electric lamp.
As we knw, Shakespeare created quite a number f wnderful characters in his plays.
4. disturb/interrupt/truble
disturb：打扰，扰乱使无法正常进行。
The lud nise disturbed his thught.
interrupt：打扰；打断，中断。
Srry t interrupt yu, but I have an urgent message.
truble：使麻烦，指心情上苦恼或行动上带来不便。
Never truble truble until truble trubles yu. 别自寻麻烦。
5. dress/put n/wear/have n/be in
dress：穿衣，穿着。可用作及物动词，“人”当宾语；可用作不及物动词；可用be dressed表示穿着状况。
The baby isn’t ld enugh t dress itself. 这孩子还小，无法自己穿衣服。
He rse, dressed quickly and hurried t schl.
She is well dressed tday.
The girl was dressed in pink last night. 昨晚这女孩穿着一身粉红色的衣服。
The girl dressed herself in pink last night.
put n：穿上(衣服)，上演。表示动作。
Better put n yur cat; it’s cld utside.
A new play will be put n at the Grand Theatre.
wear：穿着，佩戴。表示状态，包括穿着衣物、佩戴首饰以及留头发、胡须等。
Can yu recgnize the wman wearing sunglasses ver there?
你能认出那边那个戴太阳镜的妇女吗？
I dn’t understand why he wears lng hair nw.
have n：穿。表示状态，穿着衣物，不用于进行时态；也意为“有事；有约会”。
The flish emperr had nthing n that day.
Srry, I can’t help yu this weekend. I’ve t much n already.
对不起，这周末我不能帮你，我有很多事。
be in：穿。表示状态，其后常接表示颜色或服装、眼镜的词作宾语。
The by in white is ne f my classmates.
He is in unifrm tday. 他今天穿着制服
6. emply/hire/rent
emply：雇用。较正式用语，指较长期雇用，宾语一般是人。
Karl was emplyed by a car rental agency. 卡尔受雇于一家汽车出租公司。
hire：雇用，租用。较普通用语，指短期雇用、租用。
The stre-keeper hired 10 girls fr the Christmas rush.
为应对圣诞节前的购物热，店主雇用了十个女孩来帮忙。
During the hliday they hired a bat and went fishing.
rent：出租。指长时间租用、出租房屋、场地等。
She has rented the huse t a yung cuple. 她已把这房子出租给一对年轻夫妇。
7. fall/drp
fall：下落，下降；重伤死亡或倒下用作不及物动词。
drp：滴落，掉下；疲劳倒下用作不及物动词或及物动词。
He suddenly fell/drpped t the grund.
The price f il has fallen/drpped by $ 2 each barrel. 油价每桶下降了两美元。 Hundreds f sldiers fell in this battle. 数以百计的士兵在这次战斗中牺牲。
He drpped in the chair the mment he gt hme. 他一到家就累倒在椅子上。
8. feed n/feed with
feed n：靠……为生。相当于live n。
Sheep feed mainly n grass. 绵羊主要吃草。
feed with：喂养。指喂养的具体动作。
He is nw feeding his sheep with grass. 他在用草喂羊。
9. fight against (with)/fight fr
fight against：与……战斗, 反对……的战争，可与fight with互用；
但fight with还可表示“和……并肩作战”。
fight fr：为争取……而战斗。
They are making great effrts t fight against/with pllutin.
In Wrld War II, the British fught with the French and the Americans against the Germans. 在第二次世界大战中，英国人同法国人、美国人一起与德国人交战。
The slaves were fighting fr freedm.
He said he wuld fight fr his mtherland.
10. find/find ut/lk fr
find：发现无意识地；找到有意识地，是lk fr的结果。
When I gt there, I fund my pcket picked. 当我到那里时，发现口袋被扒了。 Scientists have fund new ways t clean waste. 科学家已找到清理废物的新途径。
find ut：查明，查出。指经过探听、询问、调查之后查明、弄清。
Please find ut wh brke the windw. 请查清楚是谁打破窗户的。
lk fr：寻找。
I have been lking fr my pcket dictinary, but I haven’t fund it yet.
我一直在找我的袖珍词典，但是还没找到。
11. frget/leave/remain
frget：忘了带某物
Oh n, I’ve frgtten my key t the ffice.
leave：把某物/某人忘/留在某地，后面要跟地点。
Oh n, I’ve left my key at the ffice.
Dn’t leave yur child alne at hme.
remain：某人留下来；仍然保持
The refugees were allwed t remain in that area. 允许难民留在那个地区。
The by remained silent.
12. happen/ccur/take place/cme abut
happen：发生。带有偶然、未能预见的意思，主语为事；当针对人时，意为“碰巧”。
This happened n a December evening.
What happened t him？
I happened t meet Tm in the street when I went shpping tday.
It happened that I met Tm in the street when I went shpping tday.
ccur：发生既表示偶然地，也表示必然地；被想到。
When did the accident ccur?
The tide ccurs this time every year. 潮水每年这个时候出现。
A fresh idea suddenly ccurred t me. 我突然有个新主意。
take place：发生。指事先布置或策划好而后发生。
The May 4th Mvement tk place in 1919.
cme abut：产生。指自然产生。
Hw d the differences between British English and American English cme abut?
13. hear/listen
hear：听见；听说。它既可以表示偶然听见，也可以表示有意识听的结果；用作“听说”的意思时，后接宾语从句。
listen：听，倾听。它是不及物动词，常与t连用；侧重听的过程。
I was walking alng the street when I heard my name called. 此处是无意识听到
I hear (that) he’ll be back in an hur. 此处是听说
He listened but culd hear nthing. 此处是有意识听的结果
Speak luder s that everyne can hear yu clearly.
Speak luder t make yurself heard. 讲大声点，以便能使你的声音让别人听到。
The music is well wrth listening t.
14. hear f/hear frm
hear f：听说人或事。其后常接名词或代词。
I’ve never heard f such a man.
hear frm：得到某人的音信，收到某人的来信。
Have yu heard frm him recently?
I’m lking frward t hearing frm yu sn.
15. help/aid/assist
help：帮助，帮忙。是普通用语，常用在日常谈话中。
May I help yu with yur luggage?
We helped him (t) mend his bicycle.
aid：帮助，援助。是比较正式的用语。
The flded areas were aided by many cuntries. 灾区得到许多国家的援助。
assist：帮助，协助。是比较正式的用语，强调起协助作用；其名词assistant是“助手”的意思。
She assisted me in the experiments. 她协助我做实验。
16. hurt/injure/wund/harm/damage/destry
hurt：伤害常用词，包括外伤和感情伤害；疼痛此时用作不及物动词。
I hurt myself in the leg when I fell ff the bike the ther day, and it still hurts nw. 前几天我从自行车上摔下，伤着腿，现在还疼着呢。
I am afraid yur wrds have hurt him.
injure：受伤。常指意外或事故伤害。
Several peple were injured in the traffic accident.
wund：受伤。常指战争场合的伤害，如枪伤、刀伤等。
His father was wunded in the war 30 years ag.
harm：危害。
In my pint f view, the rain will harm ur crps. 依我看来，这雨对我们的庄稼有害。 Reading in dim light will harm yur eyes. 在昏暗的灯光下看书会损害眼睛。
damage：损害。常指不完全地破坏；侧重人为过失；不用于指人。
The car was slightly damaged in the accident.
destry：毁坏。常指严重地，甚至毁灭性地摧毁；侧重外界力量；可用于指人或物。也可以指希望、计划等破灭。
Thusands f huses were destryed in the earthquake.
His hpe f being a writer was destryed.
17. jin/jin sb in/jin in
jin：参加。指加入某种团体、机构等。
When did yu jin the Party? 你是什么时候入党的？
jin sb in：参加。指和某人一起参与某种活动。
Will yu jin us in the party? 要不要和我们一起参加晚会？
jin in：参加。指参与某种活动。
Will yu jin in ur party? 要不要参加我们的晚会？
（答题时间：40分钟）
一、单项选择
1. But ften the drivers just g by, taking the traffic _________ fr granted.
A. signB. symbl
C. signalD. mark
2. The American experts went n a lng train _____ acrss China.
A. jurnalB. jurney
C. vyageD. transprt
*3. When I am abut t g ______ a plane t g ______, I ften think abut this.
A. abard; abradB. bard; brad
C. abard; bardD. abrad; brad
4. A city is the prduct f the human hand and mind, __________ man’s intelligence and creativity.
A. resemblingB. reflecting
C. reviewingD. restring
5. —Hw did the cncert ______ yu?
—It was mre than delightful. I wish I culd hear it ne mre time.
A. mveB. strike
C. influenceD. affect
*6. I have ________ my husband again and again nt t smke, but I can’t __________ him.
A. persuaded; adviseB. advised; persuade
C. suggested; persuadeD. suggested; advise
*7. The building was badly __________ in the earthquake and the electricity ples arund it were __________.
A. destryed; destryedB. damaged; brken
C. ruined; brkenD. destryed; damaged
8. Dick is ver sixty, but he lks yung fr his age. He is always full f __________.
A. energyB. pwer
C. strengthD. frce
9. The plice are trying t find ut the ________ f the wman killed in the traffic accident.
A. evidenceB. recgnitin
C. identityD. status
10. We can bserve that artificial intelligence has already made a（n） ___________n ur lives in many ways.
A. statementB. impact
C. impressinD. judgment
11. The teacher wanted us t find ut the __________ f the pem.
A. subjectB. title
C. tpicD. theme
12. China Daily gave us a vivid ________ f the successful ___________f Chang’e II.
A. accunt; launchB. explanatin; start
C. descriptin; sendD. imaginatin; bst
13. Nwadays the ___________ fr travelling is shifted frm shpping t fd and scenery. (1)分
A. prirityB. ptential
C. prprtinD. pensin
14. All f us still remember the terrible earthquake that ________ Tangshan twenty years ag.
A. attackedB. struck
C. kncked D. explded
*15. Mre wind pwer statins will ____________ t meet the demand fr clean energy. (1)分
A. take upB. clear up
C. hld upD. spring up
二、语法填空
Ladies and gentlemen, may I have yur attentin, please? My name is Laura Kane. It’s my great pleasure this mrning 16. __________ (welcme) yu, my clleagues frm all ver the wrld, t the Air Quality Cntrl Cnference. We *17. __________ (hnr) t have tw f the wrld’s best-knwn air quality experts as ur 18. __________ (speak) this mrning — Dctr Richard L. Yang f the Air Quality Research Center in Atlanta and Dctr Xi, Xi Lan, Directr f the Air Quality Research Institute, the Chinese Academy f Sciences. Dctr Yang *19. __________ (receive) American accmplishments in the past tw years and will cnsider 20. __________ is next n the American air quality plan. Dctr Xi will discuss the air pllutin 21. __________ (happen) in the cities f nrthern China. We 22. __________ (have) a cffee break at 10 am, a lunch break frm 12 t 1 pm. Please check the blackbard at the frnt desk fr any rm changes, 23. __________please remember that there is n smking in the meeting rms, the wrkshp rms r the halls. The Oak Rm n the secnd flr has been set aside 24. __________ a smking area. Please d nt smke anywhere 25. __________ in the htel.
三、阅读理解
There is always smething that happens in the wrld that everyne fears will happen t their twn, city r cuntry: natural disasters. The mst frightening part f it is that n ne will ever see it cming. Thugh technlgy helps us prepare, but it never actually tells the peple when it’s ging t hit. It is always predicted but the result is never 100% accurate.
Hwever, that is nt the pint f this article. Tw different natural disasters in tw different parts f the wrld have happened in the past few weeks. One was a majr fld that has hit Luisiana in America. The ther was an earthquake that hit Amatrice, Italy. Hwever, there is a majr difference in the news cverage f the tw tragedies （悲剧）.
As fr the flding in Luisiana, it’s reprted that this disaster is the wrst t hit America since Super-strm Sandy and it’ll cst at least $30millin. In nly the first cuple f weeks，13peple had died. Hwever, like me, many peple didn’t hear abut this tragic event. I didn’t learn abut it until abut three weeks after it happened.
In Italy, hwever, it cvered all media immediately. The earthquake in Italy happened n Tuesday mrning. That same day, I was n Twitter and that was all that was ver the news feed. Every ther pst was abut the earthquake. Sme wuld have the pinin that Amatrice was ne f the mst beautiful twns in that cuntry. I gt in deep srrw because there were mre peple killed in this quake than the flding. S far, they have a ttal f 73dead and ver ne hundred missing.
I understand that the earthquake in Italy was wrse than the flds in Luisiana. Hwever, I believe that if a natural disaster happens, they all shuld be equally cvered and taken equally seriusly. We are ne wrld united and shuld be there fr all f the peple wh are in need f help. We may nt be able t accurately predict disasters, but we can surely lend a hand ut fr the needy.
26. What really cncerns the authr abut the tw natural disasters?
A. The death and the injured.
B. Their ecnmic lss.
C. The gvernment’s respnsibility.
D. The media reprt.
*27. Why did the authr learn abut the fld s late?
A. He didn’t care abut the fld.
B. He felt nervus abut the news.
C. The media didn’t cver it in time.
D. The fld frightened the authr a lt.
28. What can be inferred frm the passage?
A. Italy isn’t gd at predicting the natural disasters.
B. All natural disasters shuld be cvered equally.
C. The wrld shuld be united int ne instantly.
D. America shuld help Italy predict natural disasters.
一、单项选择
1. C 解析：考查名词：A. sign 标志，B. symb 象征，C. signal 信号，D. mark 记号。traffic signal 指“交通信号”，选C。
2. B 解析：本题考查名词辨析。句意：美国专家坐火车长途跋涉来到中国。A项意为“日记，杂志”；B项意为“（长途陆地）旅游，旅途”；C项意为“航海，航行”；D项意为“交通，运输”。根据n a lng train可知答案选择B。
3. A 解析：句意：当我要登机出国时，总会想起这（件事）。abard在（飞机、船等）上，上（飞机、船等），是副词或介词；abrad在国外，到国外，是副词。g abard a plane登机，g abrad出国，故选A。
4. B 解析：考查动词辨析。句意：城市是人类的双手和思想的产物，反映了人的智慧和创造力。A. resembling像;B. reflecting反映;C. reviewing回顾;D. restring恢复，根据题意，故选B。
5. B 解析：A. 移动；感动； B.打击；打动；C.影响；改变；D. 影响；感染；感动。句意：——音乐会是如何打动你的？——它不只是令人愉快。我希望能再听一次。故选B。
6. B 解析：我一次又一次地劝丈夫戒烟，但我说服不了他。第一个空表示“劝而不服”，第二个空表示“劝服，说服”，故选B项。
7. B 解析：第一个空与badly连用表示不是彻底的毁坏，从in the earthquake可知是一次性的破坏行为，故第一个空只能用damaged。
8. A 解析：A. energy 精力；B. pwer能量； C. strength力气，力量；D. frce 强制力。full f energy精力充沛。故选A。
9. C 解析：句意：警察正努力查明那个在交通事故中死亡的妇女的身份。evidence证明, 证据；ecgnitin认出, 承认；status地位, 职位。
10. B 解析：本题考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们能够看到人工智能在许多方面已经对我们的生活产生了强烈的影响。statement“陈述说明”;impact“强烈的影响，冲击力”;impressin“印象，感想”;judgement“判断力，判断”。故选B。
11. D 解析：这四个词都有“题目”之意。tpic是讨论、论述或谈话的主题; theme比较正式，常指文章、演说等的主题; subject是最具概括性的主题; title主要指书或篇章的题目或标题。
12. A 解析：考查名词。accunt解释，还可表示“对事件、人物等的叙述、报告、描写”；explanatin说明，解释；descriptin描述；imaginatin想象力。launch发射；send发送，接副词up表示发射；bst推动，宣扬；start开始。句意：《中国日报》对于嫦娥二号的成功发射给出了生动的报道。故A正确。
13. A 解析：考查名词辨析。句意：当今，旅行的重点从购物转变成了品尝美食和欣赏风景。A. pririty优先;优先权;B. ptential潜在的，可能的;C. prprtin比例，占比;D. pensin退休金，抚恤金。故选A。
14. B 解析：考查动词辨析。strike意为“袭击”。表示地震、洪水等灾害侵袭某地，也可用hit。attack攻击；knck敲；explde爆发。
15. D 解析：考查动词词组。句意：为了满足新能源的需求，更多的风力发电站将会被建立起来。A. take up开始从事，占领，开始干（工作）;B. clear up整理，收拾，解决（问题）;C. hld up（论点、理论等） 站得住脚，阻挡，举起;D. spring up出现，涌现。故选D。
二、语法填空
本文是一则通知，告知大家有关讲座的内容和在听讲座时应该注意的一些事项。
16. t welcme 考查非谓语动词。此处it是形式主语，不定式作真正的主语。
17. are hnred 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：我们很荣幸地请到两位世界最著名的空气质量专家作为今天早上的演讲者。hnr与We是被动关系，且根据上下文的时态，此处应用一般现在时的被动语态。
18. speakers 考查词形转换。根据上文的tw f可知这里应用名词复数形式。
19. has received 考查动词的时态。根据“in the past tw years”可知，这里要用现在完成时。
20. what 考查名词性从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，并在从句中作主语，故用what。
21. happening 考查非谓语动词。the air pllutin与happen是逻辑上的主谓关系，故此处用现在分词短语作后置定语。
22. will have 考查动词的时态。根据后面的时间状语at10 am可知，这里指将来的时间，故应用一般将来时。
23. and 考查连词。根据前后Please... 和please... 可知，此处表示并列，故用and。
24. as/fr 考查介词。句意：二楼的Oak房间已经被留出来作为吸烟区。根据语境可知，此处应用as“作为”，也可用fr，表目的，“为了”。
25. else 考查副词。句意：请不要在宾馆的其他地方吸烟。故用else“其他”。
三、阅读理解
26. D 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Hwever, there is a majr difference in the news cverage f the tw tragedies.”知，作者关注的是对两次灾难的媒体报道，故答案为D。
27. C 推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句“Hwever, like me, many peple didn’t hear abut this tragic event. I didn’t learn abut it until abut three weeks after it happened.” 可知，是因为媒体报道晚了，所以作者以及其他人都是大约三个星期后才知道的，故答案为C。
28. B 推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“Hwever, I believe that if a natural disaster happens, they all shuld be equally cvered and taken equally seriusly.” 得出答案。