人教新目标版八年级寒假英语专题09 书面表达

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书面表达 一．议论文写作  开头：背景+观点 (2 句) 背景句：There is no denying that…. There is no doubt that…..It is widely accepted that….. …plays an increasingly important role in our daily life Recently, the problem of….has aroused people’s concern. 最近， … 问题已引起人们的关注。With the development of science and technology, more and more people believe that…随着科技的发展， 越来越多的人认为…观点句：In my opinion,…. As far as I am concerned,…. From my point of view that… From my perspective,…中间（6 句） First of all/ To begin with/ To start with Besides/ In addition/ Furthermore What’s more/ Last but not least句型：(1) It is + adj. for sb. to do sth. It is necessary (for sb.) to do / that… ……是必要的 It is important/ essential (for sb.) to do / that …… 是重要的 It is of great importance for sb. to do sth. It is proper (for sb.) to do / that … …… 是适当的 It is urgent (for sb.) to do / that … ……是紧急的 (2)  It goes without saying that…  不用说… e.g. It goes without saying that early to bed and early to rise is worthy. 早睡早起是值得的。 (3)  so…that… 例：At that moment, I was so upset that I wanted to give up. 当时，我非常伤心，最后都想放弃了。 (4)  We are supposed to do sth. 我们应该做…  替换 should (5)    被动、定语从句
结尾：重申观点+相信 All in all, To sum up,Generally speaking, We can draw a conclusion that… I strongly/ firmly hold the belief that… 我坚信 I am looking forward to sth. Only in this way can we…  （倒装句） 例如：Only in this way can we realize our dream. 只有这样我们才能实现我们的梦想。强调句： It is +  强调部分 + that + 句子剩余部分例子 1 How to protect myself (怎样保护自己) Write at least 80 words about the topic “How to protect myself”．(以“如何保护自己”为题,写一篇不少于 60 个词的短文,标点符号不占格。)提示： 自我保护是青少年需要掌握的重要技能。请谈谈你在生活中怎样进行自我保护(可结合生活中的某   一个情景或具体事例,如：面对灾难如何自救,如何预防受骗或侵害,如何避免生活中的意外,等等)。Phrases for reference(以下短语仅供参考)： ask…for help calm downin danger prevent．．．from (注意：文中不得出现具体人名、校名等个人信息,否则不予评分。)  写作提高 Sentence structure: …so that… … so … that… It is said that …（据说） It is a fact that … It is + adj. +(for sb.)+to do sth. There is no doubt that … (毫无疑问) If you don’t … , you will … The harder +主语+谓语, the better +主语+谓语
What a / an + adj. +n. + it is! How +adj./adv.+主语+谓语！ It is obvious（明显的）/ true that … , but … One of my favourite +n(复数). is… Sb. finds / thinks it + adj. + to do Beginning:As we all know, there is much danger around us. It’s necessary for us to know how to protect ourselves. Protecting oneself is an important skill that every teenager should have. Ending: That is the useful way to protect yourself. As you can see, to keep us safe, we should learn how to protect ourselves, or we’ll be in danger. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   【参考范文】Protecting ourselves is a kind of skill which is very important to our teenagers nowadays. But in recent years, fewer and fewer students exactly know how to protect themselves. This problem is becoming more and more serious. Take an earthquake as an example. We should know the following rules to protect ourselves from danger. First, keep calm. No matter what danger you are in, you should keep a calm mind so that you can analyze(分析) the situation carefully and clearly. Second, ask for help. Open the window and shout loudly to get help. Third, use the knowledge you’ve learned. If an earthquake happens, you had better hide yourself under the desk or in the corner of the walls. If possible, you can go outside to an empty place. I’m sure you can protect yourself frombeing hurt in an earthquake if you can do these calmly. 二．记叙文写作 记叙文是记人叙事的文体，用来叙述曾经发生过的事情、人物的经历和故事。规范的记叙文应该包括   六大要素：既 6Ws：
时间（when）、地点（where）、人物(who )、事件（what）、原因（why）、结果 （how）。 一般来说，记叙文的谓语动词常用过去时的时态。有时，为了再现事情发生的生动性，使读者有身临   其境的感觉，可以使用过去进行时。 叙事段落可用第一人称，也可用第三人称来叙述故事。 常用的记叙顺序有顺序、倒叙和插叙三种。顺序是按照事情的先后次序来记叙；倒叙是先写结果， 后写开始，前后颠倒；插叙是在叙述的过程中中断中心事件的叙述，插入相关的事情，然后在继续叙述中   心事件到结束。 记叙文包括的范围很广，如日记、游记、传记、新闻通讯、小说等。一篇记叙文常常是既记人又记 事。 二、 提示要点：  叙述时应该有明确的叙述目的，可以表达一个哲理，说明一个观点，弘扬一种美德，或者表达自己的情   感。 选材要精当，选择那些最能表达主题的有说服力的材料。 记叙时切记不要泛泛描写，不可空洞笼统，要有细节的生动描写。  例子 2Write a passage of at least 60 words on the topic “One problem /question I met in my English study”. according to the situation given (请根据所给情形，以“我在英语学习中碰到的一个问题”为题，写一篇不少于 60 个字的短文。要求内容切题、语言地道、表达流畅)情境： 每个人在自己的英语学习过程中总会碰到这样那样的问题。你碰到过怎样的问题？你解决了 这个问题吗？如果解决了，你认为你的解决方案怎么样？如果没有解决，你认为是什么原因？以后会用什   么更好的方法？以下词或词组供参考 can(not), understand, (don’t) know, read…correctly, remember, write, ask (注意：短文中不得出现考生的姓名、校名及其他相关信息，否则不予评分) 
 

 
 
 
 
 【参考范文】 I used to be poor at English. The biggest problem was that I was afraid of communicating with others in English. I couldn’t understand others correctly, while others were not able to know what I said, either. So I was getting more and more nervous when I met foreigners.I asked my friends how to learn English or what methods I can use when studying English. They told me they studied English in several ways. One was to attend English class, listening to the teacher’s lecture and writing down some important notes. Second, They always reviewed their lessons. They recited the new words and did homework required by the teacher. They also listened to the tape to practice listening and talked with foreigners to improve their oral English. Sometimes, they watched English films and learn cultures of this language.Step by step, I feel my English improved very fast. I like English now and I made many friends from English speaking countries.随堂练习 My Free Time 提示：在繁忙的学习生活之余，很多同学在空闲时间都会参加各种各样的活动充实自己或者放松自己。   相信在空闲时间你一定也会有许多丰富多彩的活动。现在请以“My Free Time”为题，写一篇英语短文。要求：1. 语言流畅、书写规范、卷面整洁，词数不少于 60 个； 2. 文中不得使用真实姓名、校名，否则以零分计。 【审题指导】细读所给的文字提示，提取以下信息： 文体：从题目“My Free Time”可知本文要求介绍你在空闲时间的各种活动，因此文体为记叙文。 时态：说明性的文章主要用一般现在时态叙述，写作中注意主谓一致问题。 人称：本文是介绍自己的空闲时间，写作时主要使用第一人称。 词数不少于 60 词。 【写作指导】 我的空闲时间要点提示素材串联开头：引出下文我的空闲时间(my free time)
   正文：介绍在空闲时间参加的各种活动正文：介绍在空闲时间参加的各种活动 锻炼(take exercise) 喜欢篮球和排球(like basketball and volleyball) 积极参加体育活动(take an active part in sports) 看电视(watch TV) 听音乐 (listen to music) 帮助父母干家务 (help my parents with the housework)结尾：再次点题我在空闲时间过得很开心(have a good time)【高分范文】 My Free Time I have a lot of things to do in my free time. Usually I take exercise after school. I like basketball and volleyball very much. I take an active part in sports. Sports help me to keep healthy and study better. I often watch TV or do some reading in the evening. Sometimes I listen to music for a while. I find it a good way to relax myself. Of course, I help my parents with the housework at the weekends. I clean the house, wash clothes and learn to cook. Sometimes I go on a field trip with my friends.I always have a good time in my free time!
 二、 The Teacher Who Has Influenced Me Most 提示：亲爱的同学们，请你以“The Teacher Who Has Influenced Me Most”为题，写一篇英语短文。要求：1.              语言流畅、书写规范、卷面整洁，词数不少于 60 个；2. 文中不得使用真实姓名、校名，否则以零分计。 【审题指导】细读所给的文字提示，提取以下信息： 文体：通过一件事介绍对自己影响最深的一位老师，文体为记叙文。  时态：在介绍老师的外貌、爱好、性格等方面时用一般现在时，在讲述老师对自己产生影响的事时，   用一般过去时。人称：由于描述的是“对自己影响最深的一位老师”，所以文章以第三人称为主； 词数：不少于 60 词。 【写作指导】
对我影响最深的老师要点提示素材串联开头：引出话题英语老师对我影响最深(influenced me most) 正文：介绍为什么对这位老师印象如此深刻名字(Miss Li) 外貌描写(tall and beautiful) 爱好(reading and playing sports) 特征(is very patient with; be friendly to) 生病在家，老师帮我补习功课(ill; teach me)结尾：总结想要成为一个老师这样的人(in the future)【高分范文】 The Teacher Who Has Influenced Me Most Miss Li is the teacher who has influenced me most. She is tall and beautiful. She likes reading and playing sports. She is very patient with us. When I make mistakes, she always helps me point them out. After class, she is very friendly to us. Last Wednesday, I was ill and had to stay at home. After school, Miss Li came to my home by bike. She taught me what other students learned in class. I was deeply moved by her.My English teacher is not only a good teacher but also a good friend. I want to be a teacher like Miss Li in the future.  三 My Dream 提示：众所周知，人类的进步和社会的发展是人们不断追求和实现梦想的过程，相信青春年少的你也   一定心存梦想。请你以“My Dream”为题，用英语写一篇短文介绍你的梦想。要求：1.语言流畅、书写规范、卷面整洁，词数不少于 60 个； 2．文中不得使用真实姓名、校名，否则以零分计。 【审题指导】细读所给的文字提示，提取以下信息： 文章要求写自己的梦想，因此文体为说明文； 时态：一般现在时； 人称：第一人称； 词数：不少于 60。 【写作指导】
我的梦想要点提示素材串联开头：介绍梦想我的梦想是成为足球运动员，因为踢足球很有趣(football player, interesting)   正文：如何实现梦想努力学习(work hard) 去大学学习足球(go to a college)  找一份可以练习踢足球的兼职工作(part－time job; practice playing football)去足球而闻名的城市(famous football city)结尾：坚持梦想坚持并实现梦想(hold on to, achieve)【高分范文】 My Dream Everyone has his or her dream. So do I. I want to be a football player when I grow up. I think playing football is really interesting.How can I make my dream come true? First, I'm going to study hard so that I will be good at all the subjects. Next, I'm going to go to a college to study football after I finish high school. Then, I will find a part－ time job to practice playing football.Finally, I'm going to go to a famous football city where there will be lots of famous football teams. In a word, I believe that the man who holds on to his dream will be able to achieve it one day.   四 My Life in 20 Years 提示：你是否畅想过 20 年后的生活会是什么样子，生活、工作、交通、通讯等方面会有什么变化， 学校将举办英语写作比赛，请以“My Life in 20 Years”为题写一篇英语短文，分享你对未来的憧憬。要求：1. 语言流畅、书写规范、卷面整洁，词数不少于 60 个； 2. 文中不得使用真实姓名、校名，否则以零分计。 【审题指导】细读所给的文字提示，提取以下信息： 文体：介绍“我”20 年以后的生活，因此文章为说明文。 时态：以一般将来时为主。 人称：介绍自己 20 年后的生活，写作时用第一人称。 词数不少于 60 个。
【写作指导】 我 20 年后的生活要点提示素材串联 开头：引出主题为将来的生活在努力(working hard for a bright future) 想象 20 年后的生活是什么样子的(imagine what my life in 20 years will be like) 正文：介绍 20 年后的生活家庭方面： 照顾我的父母(take care of my parents) 朋友方面：谈论过去的校园生活(talk about the past school life) 工作方面：接受新挑战(take on new challenges) 其他：我将会有一个机器人并帮我很多(have a robot，help me a lot)结尾：我的希望越来越好(will be better and better)【高分范文】 My Life in 20 Years I'm always working hard for a bright future. I imagine what my life in 20 years will be like. In 20 years, I will play an important role in my family. I will take care of my parents well. In my free time, I will get together with my friends to talk about the past school life. What's more, I will have a job and take on new challenges. I will be a doctor and help patients. Last but not least, maybe I will get a robot to help me in my daily life.In a word, I hope my life in 20 years will be better and better!  五 The Things I Do for My School 提示：你想为母校做些什么有意义的事呢？请以“The Things I Do for My School”为题用英语写一篇短 文。 要求：1. 语言流畅、书写规范、卷面整洁，词数不少于 60 个； 2. 文中不得使用真实姓名、校名，否则以零分计。 【审题指导】阅读所给的文字提示，提取以下信息： 文体：本文要求介绍我计划为母校做的事情，为说明文； 时态：介绍计划要做的事，时态以一般将来时为主； 人称：写自己要为母校做的事，人称以第一人称为主； 词数不少于 60 个。
【写作指导】  我为母校做点事要点提示素材串联开头：引出话题你问我要为母校做什么，我将和你分享(share…with…)  正文：阐述计划和同学打扫校园(do some cleaning) 要求同学不乱扔垃圾(ask sb. not to litter) 捐赠图书(give away) 呼吁其他同学保持卫生(call on)结尾：表达期望希望学校明天发展得更好(have a better future)【高分范文】 The Things I Do for My School How is it going？You ask me what I can do for my school.Here are my plans that I would like to share with you. First of all, I will volunteer to do some cleaning with my classmates, such as cleaning the windows and sweeping the floors.To keep our school clean, we will ask our schoolmates not to litter at school.Also, I will give away my favorite books to the school library so that our younger schoolmates can read more good books.And I will call on more schoolmates to do so.It's really hard for me to say goodbye.I wish my school to have a better future.  课后练习 一Write at least 60 words about the topic “My Ideal Weekend”. (以“我理想的周末” 为题写一篇不少于 60 个词的短文，标点符号不占格。)Use the following questions as a reference.(以下问题仅供参考) 1） What's your weekend like?2)        What's your ideal weekend like? 3)        Why do you want a weekend like that? (注意： 短文中不得出现考生的姓名、校名及其他相关信息，否则不予评分) 

 
 
 
 
 
 【参考范文】 My Ideal Weekend I go to school from Monday to Friday. So I'm free at weekends. But I always have many things to do at weekends. For example, I must do my homework. Usually I have much homework to do. Also, have to do much cleaning work. Therefore, I'm always very tired. If I can choose my own weekend life, I wish I can have a good rest. What's more, I want to have more spare time to do things I like, such as playing the guitar, playing football with my friends, listening to some music and so on. I think can relax myself and I have energy to begin a new week. 二据调查，中学生面临太多的竞争和压力，体育锻炼的时间少了，身体素质有所下降，视力衰退，精力不足。这一情况已经引起学校和社会的关注要点：1. 锻炼身体的好处：healthy, energy, strong …锻炼身体的方式：outdoor activities :ball games, running, swimming,…请你谈谈对学校开展体育锻炼的看法或建议。（至少写两点）文章结尾用一句话作总结，表明自己对加强体育锻炼的观点  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  【参考范文】Exercise is very important to us students. Nowadays ,we are under so much competition and pressure that our
health is becoming worse and worse .poor eyesight ,no enough energy for study, Which makes us worried too much .We need to take part in all kinds of outdoor activities ,such as having ball games ,running ,swimming and  so on ,from which we can keep healthy and strong ,study better and live happily .No matter how busy ,we wish teachers could leave us less homework to do so that we can have free  time to take part in sports .We also hope our school can offer us much more chance to do some activities which  are good for us .I think health is everything ,doing exercise can make us healthy,wealthy and wise三关于中学生使用手机赞成意见：1.现在是信息社会，手机是最快的信息交流的工具之一。2.应充分利用好手机。如偶遇突发事故，可立即拨打手机求助。3.可在每天学习之余利用手机游戏放松一下自己。4.只要正确使用好手机， 紧跟时间并无过错，追求时尚可以理解，但学习是首要任务。反对意见：1.学校已提供了公共电话，因此手机并不能带来更多的方便，而且花费较多。2.若课堂接听手机会影响上课。3.学生玩手机游戏或接发短信，将无法集中精力学习。   
 
 
 
 
 
 
  【参考范文】Nowadays mobile phones are becoming more and more popular among the students. Some think it is good  for students to bring a mobile phone. But some people think it is not .Because the students will use mobile phones to play games, send messages, watch movies.In my opinion, we can bring mobile phones to school .. A mobile phone is one of the quickest tools for us to exchange information. We can connect with our parents and friends easily .If there’s a sudden accident, it is more convenient for us to ask for help immediately. We can relax ourselves by playing the games when we’re tired of our studies.I think the most important thing is how to use the mobile phone in a right way