高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle导学案及答案

UNIT 2 HEALTHY LIFESTYLE

1．alcoholic adj. 含酒精的；饮酒引起的→alcohol n. 酒；酒精

2．physics n．物理；物理学→physical adj. 身体的；客观存在的；物理学的→physician n．医师；(尤指)内科医生

3．repeat v．重复；重说；重做；重新推出；再次发生→repeated adj. 重复的；重复发生的→repeatedly adv. 重复地

4．reward n．回报；奖励；报酬 vt.奖励；奖赏；给以报酬→rewarding adj. 值得做的；有益的；报酬高的

5．examine vt. (仔细)检查；审查；测验→examination n．审查；考察；检查；测验

6．pessimism n．悲观；悲观主义→pessimistic adj. 悲观的；悲观主义的

7．compose vt.&vi. 组成；作曲；撰写→composer n．作曲家

abuse n．滥用；虐待；辱骂 vt.滥用；虐待；辱骂

①He was arrested on charges of corruption and abuse of power.

滥用

②She suffered years of physical abuse.  虐待

③The referee had been threatened and abused.  辱骂

Words and Phrases

　abuse n. 滥用；虐待；辱骂 vt. 滥用；虐待；辱骂

[教材原句P14] For example，some of them may become involved in tobacco or alcohol abuse，which can lead to physical and mental health problems.

例如，有些青少年会沉溺于烟酒不能自拔，造成生理和心理健康问题。

[例1]　What went on here was an abuse of power.

这里所发生的事是一种滥用职权的行为。

[例2]　He turned round and directed a torrent of abuse at me.

他转过身来冲我劈头盖脸地骂了一通。

[造句] 　所有这些儿童的身心都受到了摧残。

All the children had been physically and emotionally abused.

[即学即练]　单句语法填空

①He abused his(he) privileges in activities outside his official capacity.

②Janet had been abused(abuse) by her father since she was eleven.

　 in response to 响应，反应；回答；答复

[教材原句P14] Secondly，there is a “routine”，the regular action you take in response to the cue.

其次，有一个“常规”，即你根据提示采取的常规行动。

[例1]　The quick recovery was truly in response to medication.

这次迅速康复确实是对药物治疗的反应。

[例2]　His letter in response to her request had contained a firm refusal.

对于她的请求他在信中给予了坚决的回绝。

[造句] 　这些变化是应我们顾客提出的要求而做出的。

The changes are in response to demand from our customers.

[即学即练]　单句语法填空

①A few days later，she still made no response to my e­mail.

②She responded to the news by bursting into tears.

　 reward n．回报；奖励；报酬vt. 奖励；奖赏；给以报酬

[教材原句P14] Thirdly，there is the “reward”，the good thing or feeling we get from the routine.

第三，有“奖励”，即我们从日常生活中得到的好处或感觉。

[例1]　The old lady is offering a reward of $50 to anyone who finds her cat for her!

这位年老的女士给为她找到猫的人提供50美元的奖赏！

[例2]　She was rewarded for her efforts with a cash bonus.

她因自己所做的努力而得到一笔奖金。

[造句] 　他们辛苦了一天，得好好酬劳一下。

We should reward them generously for a hard day's work.

[即学即练]　单句语法填空

①He was given a medal as a reward for his service.

②His effort was rewarded with remarkable success.

③The old man gave the little boy a doll as a reward for his help.In reward，the boy gave him a hug.

　 rely on依赖；依靠；信赖

[教材原句P15] The reward makes us much more likely to continue the cycle，and the bad habit of relying on unhealthy snacks is formed.

奖励让我们更有可能继续这个循环，依赖不健康零食的坏习惯也就形成了。

[例1]　We had to rely on a compass and a lot of luck to get here.

我们不得不依靠指南针和不错的运气到达这儿。

[例2]　Don't rely on his ideas，be your own master.

你别总是仰承他的意见，要有自己的主见。

[造句] 　我不知道是否能信任他，不过我愿冒一下险。

I don't know if I can rely on him，but I'm willing to take a gamble.

[即学即练]　单句语法填空

①Not having found a better way，we had to rely on him to be the interpreter.

②The success of this project relies on everyone making/to make(make) an effort.

③You can rely on it that it will rain tomorrow.

　examine vt.(仔细)检查；审查；测验

[教材原句P15] To facilitate a positive change in our bad habits，we must first examine our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt them.

想要促使不良习惯朝着积极的方向变化，我们首先必须审视、调整我们的习惯环。

[例1]　These ideas will be examined in more detail in Chapter 10.

这些观点将在第10章作更为详细的探讨。

[例2]　The goods were examined for damage on arrival.

货物到达时检查是否有破损。

[造句] 　期末时学生须参加所有学科的考试。

The students will be examined in all subjects at the end of term.

[即学即练]　单句语法填空

①The plans will be examined (examine) by EU environment ministers.

②A physical examination(examine) is a preliminary to joining the army.

[小片段填空]

Last week，the teacher examined us in maths.After the examination，we all went to the hospital to have physical examinations．(examine)

　straight away 立即；马上

[教材原句P15]...and if we are not successful straight away，we often become pessimistic and give up.

……如果我们不能马上成功，我们往往会变得悲观而放弃。

[例1]　I told him straight away what I thought of the matter.

我毫不迟疑地把我对这个问题的看法告诉了他。

[例2]　Let's go to the meeting straight away!

我们马上开会吧！

[造句] 　我建议你立即打电话给她。

I suggest you give her a call straight away.

[即学即练]　单句语法填空

①She asked him straight off what he thought about it all.

②So for me，I would straight up tell them.

　decide on 决定；选定

[教材原句P15]...you have to think about your bad habits and decide on some changes.

……你必须考虑你的坏习惯并决定一些改变。

[例1]　After leaving university，Therese decided on a career in publishing.

大学毕业后，特蕾泽决定从事出版行业。

[例2]　We're still trying to decide on a venue.

我们仍然尽力选定一个会场。

[造句] 　我已经是个成年人了，我应该决定自己的生活。

I am already an adult，so I should decide on my own life.

[即学即练]　单句语法填空

①Now that you decide to go(go)，you'd better go at once.

②They have chewed the problem over for hours and hope to reach a decision(decide) soon.

　 make up one's mind下定决心；决定

[教材原句P16] We need to make up our minds and show some discipline，and make small changes over time.

我们需要下定决心，表现出一些纪律性，并随着时间的推移做出一些小的改变。

[例1]　Once she has made up her mind，nothing can change it.

她一旦下了决心，什么也不能使她改变。

[例2]　It is early days yet to make up our minds.

我们要下决心现在还为时过早。

[造句] 　我们决心在天黑前完成工作。

We have made up our minds to finish the work before dark.

[即学即练]　单句语法填空

①If you think it over，maybe you will change your(you) mind.

②You must keep/bear/have it in mind that these exams will affect your final result.

[名师点津]

在短语make up one's mind中，mind的单复数要随其前one's的单复数而变化。

　compose vt.&vi.组成；作曲；撰写

[教材原句P16] Life is composed of many elements，such as family，friends，study，work，entertainment and so on.

生活是由许多要素组成的，如家庭、朋友、工作、娱乐等等。

[例1]　Ten men compose the committee.

委员会由十人组成。

[例2]　Mozart composed his last opera shortly before he died.

莫扎特在创作出他最后一部歌剧后不久便去世了。

[造句] 　她写了一封抗议信。

She composed a letter of protest.

[即学即练]　单句语法填空

①The sea water is mainly composed of water and salt.

②Ludwig van Beethoven was a German composer(compose) and pianist.

③The teacher singled out one composition(compose) for class discussion.

[小片段填空]

The composer once created a famous film，which was composed of three parts.His composition helped him won a lot of prizes.(compose)

Sentence Patterns

　状语从句的省略

[教材原句P14]These bad habits，if left unchecked，could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.

这些坏习惯如果不加以控制，成年后可能会导致更严重的坏习惯。

句式分析：if left unchecked是if they are left unchecked的省略形式；if条件句中如果从句主语和句子主语一致，可以直接跟分词形式。

[例1]　If asked，I would say that I belong to the generation of hope.

如果被问到，我会说我属于希望的一代。

[例2]　If invited to a wedding，you will receive an invitation six to eight weeks before the event.

如果有人邀请你参加婚礼，你会在婚礼之前六到八个星期收到请帖。

[造句] 　如果故事讲得好的话，它会彰显你的个性和背景。

If told properly，stories should reveal a lot of facts about your personality and background.

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①Unless invited(invite) to speak，you should remain silent at the conference.

②The research is so designed that once began(begin) nothing can be done to change it.

③When completed(完工后), the museum will be open to the public next year.

④When comparing different cultures(在比较不同文化时)，we often notice the differences but ignore the similarities.

　 rather than 连接并列谓语

[教材原句P15]So，when we feel unhappy again (cue)，rather than eat snacks，we could listen to some of our favourite music instead (routine)...

所以，当我们再次感到不开心时(暗示)，而不是吃零食，我们可以听一些我们最喜欢的音乐来代替(常规)……

句式分析：句中的rather than连接并列谓语，listen to和eat。

[例1]　Much of the food pleases rather than excites.

这些食物中许多只是让人满意，但并不让人兴奋。

[例2]　He decided to write rather than telephone.

他决定写信，不打电话。

[造句] 　我们尽快把它完成吧，不要再拖了。

Let's get it over with as soon as possible，rather than drag it out.

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①You rather than I are(be) going to go camping.

②I prefer to play(play) basketball rather than go fishing.

③I prefer to get up early rather than go to school without breakfast(不吃早饭上学)．

④The children would walk there rather than take a bus(不愿乘公共汽车)．

So，when we feel unhappy again (cue)，rather than eat snacks，we could listen to some of our favourite music instead (routine)，which will make us feel relaxed (reward)．

[分析]　when引导时间状语从句；rather than意为“而不是”；which引导的是定语从句。

[翻译]　所以，当我们再次感到不开心时(暗示)，而不是吃零食，我们可以听一些我们最喜欢的音乐来代替(常规)，这会让我们感到放松(奖励)。

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．Lily，rather than you，is(be) to blame for the accident.

2．As walking(walk) along the river bank，she was singing a pop song.

3．He was highly regarded as a director，composer(compose)，pianist，and educator.

4．Have you decided on the topic for your speech?

5．The teacher distributed the examination(examine) papers around the class.

6．You may rely on it that he will come to meet you.

7．He was rewarded with a three­week­holiday for his achievements.

8．We sent out over 1，000 letters but the response(respond) rate has been low.

9．She realized straight off that he could not be trusted.

10．Bear in mind，all those queries will finally be run in production.

Ⅱ.短语填空

in response to；rely on；rather than；straight away；decide on；make up one's mind；be composed of；in reward for

1．When you have made up your mind to do a thing，finish it.

2．Have you decided on which one to choose?

3．It was some time before the door opened in response to his ring.

4．A security label is composed of one or more security label components.

5．We rely on energy and we no longer produce it for ourselves.

6．He received a medal in reward for his bravery.

7．This medicine can lessen the pain straight away．

8．It's a good job it happened here rather than on the open road.

Ⅲ.课文语法填空

As teenagers grow up，some of them can form bad habits. Some bad habits can lead to 1.physical(physics) and mental health problems. It is not easy 2.to change(change) bad habits. If we want to change 3.them(they)，we must learn about the habit cycle，4.which includes a cue，a routine and the reward. We can change them by 5.combining(combine) the information for our habit cycle with our own positive ideas. We can try to replace a negative routine 6.with something more positive. We can also create good habits 7.using(use) the habit cycle. Changing bad habits 8.is(be) not suddenly，but over a long period. We must show some discipline and 9.repeatedly(repeat) take many small steps. You have to think about your bad habits and decide 10.on some changes.