中招英语试题命题趋势及专题训练--任务型阅读之回答问题型阅读

这是一份中招英语试题命题趋势及专题训练--任务型阅读之回答问题型阅读，共27页。试卷主要包含了 认真审题， 明确题目要求， 快速浏览文章， 规范答题， 答题形式符合提问形式， 仔细检查， 确保答案等内容，欢迎下载使用。
任务型阅读之回答问题型阅读
专题训练
回答问题型阅读
分析近3年各地市中考英语真题可知，回答问题型阅读的话题涉及故事类、介绍类、观点建议类、饮食与健康类、科普知识类、文化风俗类及校园生活类。词数为200－260词， 一般情况下，每篇文章设5个问题， 其中以4个特殊疑问句、1个一般疑问句居多， 少量涉及5个特殊疑问句和3个特殊疑问句、2个一般疑问句。
解题技巧：
1. 认真审题， 明确题目要求。
首先阅读题目， 明确题目中的关键词， 在阅读文章前对所要回答的问题有所了解。
2. 快速浏览文章， 规范答题。
回答问题型任务型阅读需要利用题干中关键词， 寻找文章中对应的关键词， 在对应词周围寻找答案或者直接在文章中搜索答案。带着审题时对文章大意的了解以及问题快速浏览文章， 以最快的速度在文章相对应的位置寻找相关信息。
3. 答题形式符合提问形式。
不同的提问方式需要不同形式的回答， 在答案简洁的基础上还要注意结构的完整。一般疑问句要用yes或no作答；特殊疑问句要根据特殊疑问词具体回答。
4. 仔细检查， 确保答案。
完成所有答题后， 需要再次速读一遍文章， 核对答案， 确保答案的正确性。需要注意， 有些题目答案可以在原文中直接找出；有些需要在原文的基础上， 结合题目要求进行时态、语态、人称的转换；有些需要进行归纳总结， 把正确答案重新组织语言表达出来。
【一】
Have you ever heard the saying " There is no place like home! " This is just another way of saying that home is a very special place． Our bedroom， our family， our pets， and all of the things we love are at home．
Is home a place where you can relax and have fun？ Is home a place where you get all of your best thinking done？ Being at home means different things to different people． As people grow older， home usually represents more responsibility （责任） because it needs care inside and out． Who takes care of all of these things in your home？ How do you help out？
There are many different kinds of homes． Some people live in apartments， condos， or single﹣family homes． Homes have different rooms that are used for different purpose． The kitchen， the bedrooms， the living room and the bathroom each have their own use． Suppose your house does not have a roof and you are a bird flying over it， what does your house look like？ Think about it．
Some people might say that family and food are two of the best parts of being home． At home， you can tell your parents about your day， play with your pets， and grab a snack from the cupboard of fridge． You can relax in your room and read a book or play a game． You can ask friends over to play． Home is a place to take care of and be grateful for． Even though you are young， you can help to make a nice place to be． After all， home is where the heart is!
回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过5个词．
1.What does the saying " There is no place like home! " tell us？　 　
2.Why does home mean more responsibility as people grow older？　 　
3.How many types of rooms are mentioned in Paragraph ？　 　
4.What are the two best parts of being home according to some people？　 　
5.In your opinion， how can you help to make your home a nice place to be？　 　
1.【答案】Home is a special place．
【解析】细节理解题． 根据第一段第二句This is just another way of saying that home is a very special place．可知这只是说家是一个非常特别的地方的另一种说法．故答案为 Home is a special place；
2.【答案】Because it needs care．
【解析】细节理解题． 根据第二段第四句 As people grow older， home usually represents more responsibility because it needs care inside and out．可知随着人们年龄的增长，家庭通常意味着更多的责任，因为它需要内外的照顾．故答案为 Because it needs care；
3.【答案】Four．
【解析】细节理解题． 根据第三段第四句The kitchen， the bedrooms， the living room and the bathroom each have their own use．可知厨房、卧室、客厅和浴室都有各自的用途．此处提及4种类型的房间．故答案为 Four；
4.【答案】Family and food．
【解析】细节理解题． 根据第四段第一句Some people might say that family and food are two of the best parts of being home，可知有些人可能会说家庭和食物是家中最好的两部分．故答案为 Family and food；
5.【答案】I think I can help my mother clean the rooms．
【解析】开放作答题．本题意为：在你看来，你怎样才能帮助你的家成为一个好地方呢？属于开放作答题型，答案不唯一， 言之有理即可．故答案可能为 I think I can help my mother clean the rooms．
阅读短文, 按要求回答问题。
The face-down generation（一代）
If you were born in the 2000s, you are called the oh-ohs. The 21st century. That would make you young, creative, connected, world-wide, and no doubt smart. Maybe good-looking, too. Right? But what do other people think about your generation?
Some adults worry that you're more interested in the screen in front of you than the world around you. They think of you as the "face-down generation" because you use your phone so much. They wonder how you will deal with school, friends, and family.
Other adults worry that today's youth are spoilt(溺爱）and don't want to face the challenges of adult life. Many children born in the 1990s and 2000s were raised by "helicopter parents". They were always there to guide and help their children with a busy program filled with homework and after-school activities such as dancing, drawing, or sports. With parents who do everything for them, today's youth seem to prefer to live like teenagers even when they are in their 20s or 30s.
Does the face-down generation need a heads-up? Well, probably not. The fact .is that many of today's teenagers are better educated and more creative than past generations. They seem to be willing to become leaders. More young people than ever volunteer to help their communities. There are also brave young people such as Malala Yousafzai, the teenager who won the 2014 Nobel Peace Prize for pushing girls' rights to go to school.
So if you're one of the oh-ohs, there's reason to be hopeful about the future. Things are looking up for the face-down generation. Chances are that you do great and laugh out loud.
1. If Alice was born in 2004, is she an oh-oh?
__________________________________________________________________________
2. Why do some adults think of the oh-ohs as the "face-down generation"?
_________________________________________________________________________
3. What are the parents called who always guide and plan everything for their children?
_________________________________________________________________________
”
4. How does the writer organize Paragraph 4?
A. Time order. B. Space order.
C. General to specific. D. Specific to general.
5. What does the writer encourage the oh-ohs to do? Please list TWO.
_________________________________________________________________________
1.【答案】Yes，she is．
【解析】 根据短文第一句话提示可知2004年属于这一范围。
2.【答案】Because they use their phones so much.
【解析】根据第二段第二句可知答案。
3.【答案】Helicopter parents.
【解析】短文第三段说明为孩子包办一切的父母被成为“直升机父母。
4.【答案】C
【解析】 短文第四段是从一代人的共性到Malala Yousafzai这个获得诺贝尔和平奖的个体叙述的。故选C.（从一般到特殊。）
5.【答案】To become leaders./ To volunteer to help their communities.
【解析】短文第四段第四句和第五句提示答案。

请认真阅读下面短文，用英语回答短文后的问题，并将答案与在答题卡标有题号的横线上。
An Interview with Andy Griffiths
Andy Griffiths is well known as a writer of children's books. Here are some interesting things, you might not know about him!
What do you like to do after a long day of writing?
I go for long runs and bike rides beside the beach. An hour of exercise after a long day of writing gives me energy. Then I'm ready to write some more.
Do you write using a computer or by hand?
At first I write the stories by hand, and then I transfer（转录）them onto a computer. I like to write by hand when I travel. I find it very easy to lose myself in my diary when I am away from my usual activities.
What super power would you like to have?
X-ray vision（影像）if I can control it.
What is your favourite food?
I'm never happier than when I'm drinking banana milkshakes. And I love fish. But I don't like drinking fish milkshakes - they are just terrible!
What is your favourite book?
Alice in Wonderland. It has so many surprises and such silliness in it.
Do you write for adults too?
Only if I really have to. I much prefer the freedom and fun of writing for children.
What do you say to kids who say, "Why should I read?"
As Dr. Seuss says. "The more you read, the more things you will know. The more you learn, the more places you'll go."
1. What is Andy's job?
1.【答案】A writer of children's books.
【解析】题意：安迪的工作是什么?考查细节理解。根据Andy Griffiths is well known as a writer of children's books.可知是著名的儿童读物作家，故填A writer of children's books.。
2. What do you think of Andy?
2.【答案】He is an interesting man with a lot of hobbies.
【解析】题意：你觉得安迪怎么样?考查细节判断。根据Here are some interesting things可知他很有趣，结合采访内容可知他有很多爱好，故填He is an interesting man with a lot of hobbies.。
3. Do you want to be a person like Andy? Why or why not?
3.【答案】Yes. Because I also want to write for children and bring them fun of reading.
No. Because I don't like writing.
【解析】题意：你想成为像安迪一样的人吗?为什么?为什么不?考查观点态度题。本题可自由表达，需用yes或no回答，合理即可。如Yes. Because I also want to write for children and bring them fun of reading. /No. Because I don't like writing.。
阅读与回答问题
Joining a short-term research program in China has not only allowed Pakistani agricultural scientist Sayyar Khan to push forward with his academic studies, but also given him a chance to see a country he had heard so much about.
Khan is now doing a one-year research program at the Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences. The program is sponsored by the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology and many young talented scientists who come from collaborating countries, such as Pakistan, are given opportunities to work in China.
Although this is his first visit to China, Khan says he is well-informed of the long friendship between China and Pakistan. He is impressed most by the cooperation (合作) in education between China and Pakistan. especially since the start-up of the Belt and Road Initiative (“一带一路”建设) in 2013.
“Many students from my university and my city have visited China and completed their higher education here. ” he says, adding that he has met with many of them.
“I hear news about China on television and read about it in print media, so I know of the rapid development of China in recent decades. ”
Khan says the Belt and Road Initiative will have a very positive effect on the world.
“I hope that I can stay in China to participate in such cooperation projects. ” he says. Khan says life in Beijing is much easier than he’d expected, thanks to the convenient（便利的）public transportation and restaurants offering food for Muslims（穆斯林）. This encouraged him to bring his family to live with him a couple of months ago.
He says that language is the only challenge for them so far. However, he finds no problem talking with his Chinese colleagues, many of whom speak good English. He also enjoys the relaxing working environment and has a very good relationship with his co-workers.
1. What is Sayyar Khan?__________________________________
2. What impresses Khan most?__________________________________
3. How does Khan know of the rapid development of China according to what he says?_______________________
4. Why does Khan say life in Beijing is much easier than he’d expected?_________________________________
5. What do you plan to do for the Belt and Road Initiative? (请自拟一句话作答)___________________________
1.【答案】He is an agricultural scientist
【解析】根据文中Joining a short-term research program in China has not only allowed Pakistani agricultural scientist Sayyar Khan to push forward with his academic studies, but also given him a chance to see a country he had heard so much about. 可知，Sayyar Khan是农业科学家。故填He is an agricultural scientist.
2.【答案】The cooperation in education between China and Pakistan.
【解析】根据文中He is impressed most by the cooperation (合作) in education between China and Pakistan.可知，中巴教育合作。故填The cooperation in education between China and Pakistan.
3.【答案】He hears news on television and reads in print media.
【解析】根据文中“I hear news about China on television and read about it in print media, so I know of the rapid development of China in recent decades. ”可知，他在电视上听到新闻，在印刷媒体上阅读。故填He hears news on television and reads in print media.
4.【答案】Because of the convenient public transportation and restaurants offering food for Muslims.
【解析】根据文中Khan says life in Beijing is much easier than he’d expected, thanks to the convenient（便利的）public transportation and restaurants offering food for Muslims（穆斯林）.可知，因为公共交通便利，餐馆为穆斯林提供食物。故填Because of the convenient public transportation and restaurants offering food for Muslims.
5.【答案】（略）（答案不唯一）
【解析】通读整篇短文可知，我们作为中学生应该为“一带一路”我们应该努力学习，争取将来为祖国做贡献。故填We should study hard and strive to contribute to our motherland in the future.

阅读下面短文，根据要求完成下列各题。
A young lady was driving a family car home with her father when they were caught in a heavy storm. The young lady was a little afraid and asked her father. "What should I do, stop or keep driving? "
Her father said, "Keep driving. "
After driving a few kilometers, the storm was becoming heavier and heavier. The young lady noticed that some cars and big transport trucks were pulling over（靠边停）to the side of the road. The young lady asked her father again if they should stop. But her father said nothing. So, she had to keep on driving.
Ten minutes later, the storm started to become small and she could see a little more clearly. After a couple of kilometers, she drove out of the storm. Moreover. the sun came out and the road ahead was dry.
Her father told her to stop and get out of the car.
"But why now, Father? " she asked in surprise.
Her father said, "When you get out, you can look back at all the people in cars and big trucks that gave up and they are still in the storm. Now, your storm is over because you didn't give up.
Don't give up, even if the stronger do. If you keep going, soon your "personal storms" will be over. The sun will shine on you again and the road ahead will be dry and clear.
根据上面短文内容回答问题（每个小题答案不超过6个单词）
1. Who did the young lady drive home with?
__________________________________________________________________
2. Where did some cars and big transport trucks pull over?
_________________________________________________________________
3. What did her father say when the daughter wanted to stop the car again?
_________________________________________________________________
4. Did the young lady drive out of the storm at last?
_________________________________________________________________
5. What can you learn from the passage?
_________________________________________________________________
1.【答案】Her father.
【解析】根据文中A young lady was driving a family car home with her father when they were caught in a heavy storm.可知，和她的父亲。故填Her father.
2.【答案】On the side of the road.
【解析】根据文中The young lady noticed that some cars and big transport trucks were pulling over（靠边停）to the side of the road.可知，在路边上停着。故填On the side of the road.
3.【答案】He said, "Keep driving. "
【解析】根据文中"What should I do, stop or keep driving? "Her father said, "Keep driving. "可知，父亲说“继续开”。故填He said, "Keep driving. "
4.【答案】Yes, she did.
【解析】根据文中Ten minutes later, the storm started to become small and she could see a little more clearly. After a couple of kilometers, she drove out of the storm. Moreover. the sun came out and the road ahead was dry.可知，这里做肯定回答。Yes, she did.是的，他是。故填Yes, she did.
5.【答案】Never give up.
【解析】根据文中Don't give up, even if the stronger do. If you keep going, soon your "personal storms" will be over. The sun will shine on you again and the road ahead will be dry and clear.可知，从这篇文章中我们能学到决不能放弃。故填Never give up.

Passage 1(2019北京)
Huge Waves Destroying Arctic Ice Faster than Expected
Ice covers much of the Arctic Ocean(北冰洋). Some pieces of ice are huge, like moving islands. As temperatures have increased, however, some of the ice has begun to disappear. Scientists have discovered huge waves(海浪) in the arctic waters.
The waves were discovered by accident in May, 2010. Scientist Aleksey Marchenko and his students set out on a trip. They wanted to study the icy waters.
On May 2, the ship traveled east and stopped next to a large chunk of ice around 50 miles from the small island of Hopen. Marchenko prepared to lead his students out onto the ice.
“We were ready to go but when I went out, I discovered many cracks(裂缝)around，” he remembers.
He decided to move the ship deeper into the ice to keep safe. The farther in they went, he thought, the harder the ice world become. As they pushed forward, however, the ship experienced small waves, and then bigger ones. Soon, the waves broke up the ice around the ship into thousands of smaller pieces.
Within an hour, Marchenko and his team saw a wave that was about 13 feet high. The ship's navigation(航行)system finally recorded the largest waves. They were more than 20 feet in height. The waves were so strong that they forced huge pieces of ice to jump up and down, breaking the ice into smaller pieces within just one hour. Scientists had never imagined that the process could happen so fast. The waves in these areas used to be small.
The speed and force of the huge waves there makes it impossible to know in advance when they are coming. That could be dangerous for navigators and local communities who are unprepared for huge waves or depend on sea ice to protect them. Wildlife like polar bears and walruses that depend on sea ice to live is also in danger.
Some scientists think people will soon see even bigger waves in these icy waters. As waves break up ice, the seas will become more open, and the waves will get even stronger. There are stormy times ahead.
1. When did Marchenko and his students discover huge waves in the arctic waters?
______________________________________________________________________
2. Why did Marchenko and his students set out on the trip?
______________________________________________________________________
3. What did Marchenko decide to do to keep safe?
______________________________________________________________________
4. How high were the largest waves recorded by the navigation system?
______________________________________________________________________
5. What is Paragraph 7 mainly about?
______________________________________________________________________
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍北冰洋出现巨型海浪的原因，形成过程及对人类、野生动物的不利影响。
1. In May, 2010. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：马尔琴科和他的学生是什么时候在北极海域发现巨浪的？根据第二段第一句“The waves were discovered by accident in May, 2010.”可知答案。
2. Because they wanted to study the icy waters. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：为什么马尔琴科和他的学生踏上了这趟旅程？根据短文第二段第三句“They wanted to study the icy waters.”可知是因为他们要研究冰冷的水域。
3. He moved the ship deeper into the ice to keep safe. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：为了安全，马尔琴科决定做什么？根据短文第五段第一句“He decided to move the ship deeper into the ice to keep safe.”可知他把船移到更深的冰里。
4. More than 20 feet. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：航行系统记录的最高的海浪是多高？根据第六段第二句和第三句“The ship's navigation(航行) system finally recorded the largest waves. They were more than 20 feet in height.”可知答案。
5. The damage of the huge waves to people and wildlife in Arctic. 【解析】段落大意题。题干意为：第七段主要是关于什么的？通过第七段的内容可知是巨浪对人类和动物造成危害。故正确答案为：The damage of the huge waves to people and wildlife in Arctic.

Passage 2(2019重庆A卷)
In Jinzhong, Shanxi Province, there is a group of people who are busy drawing maps around. They are not workers on geography, but dispatchers(调度员)in Emergency(急救)Center of the city.
Since 2007, the dispatchers in the center have been drawing maps of the local areas.
“A dispatcher's job is counted in seconds，” says Liang Ruimei, a dispatcher in the center. She has been working in the center since it started in 2007. “We must answer the phone in 3 seconds, get clear information about the patient in 60 seconds and dispatch(调度) emergency medical workers in 3 minutes at most. If we save one second, the patient may have a better chance to live.”
Although nowadays the center has electronic maps, the dispatchers still walk through the streets to draw maps by hand.
After many years' hard work, the dispatchers keep every building and street of the city in mind. They even know whether or not a car can enter the gate of a building. Sometimes the caller can't tell clearly where he is, but it doesn't matter. As long as he describes the buildings around, the dispatcher can dispatch emergency medical workers to him.
“We are trying to be quicker than Death，” says Liang.
1. Is Liang Ruimei a dispatcher in Emergency Center of Jinzhong?
______________________________________________________________________
2. When did Emergency Center of Jinzhong start?
______________________________________________________________________
3. To be quicker than Death, what do the dispatchers in Emergency Center of Jinzhong do?
______________________________________________________________________
4. Do you think it necessary for dispatchers to draw maps by hand when they have electronic maps? Why or why not?
______________________________________________________________________
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了晋中急救中心为了服务社会、及时抢救病人而让医务人员亲自手绘城市地图的故事。
1. Yes, she is. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：梁瑞梅是晋中急救中心的一名调度员吗？根据第三段首句中“...says Liang Ruimei, a dispatcher in the center.”可知，她是这里的一名调度员。因此本题为肯定回答。
2. In 2007. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：晋中急救中心是什么时候启动的？根据第三段第二句“She has been working in the center since it started in 2007.”可知，这个急救中心是2007年启动的。
3. They remember every corner of the city through handmade maps, and dispatch emergency medical workers to the right place as soon as possible. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：为了抢救(赶在人死之前)，晋中急救中心的调度员们是怎么做的？阅读短文三至五段可知，在抢救人的生命时，时间就是生命。为了缩短急救时间，这个中心的人们通过手绘地图记住了这个城市的每个角落，以最快的速度调度急救医务人员到正确的地方。据此表述即可。[来源:学科网]
4. Yes. Because maps by hand show small facts of the city more correctly and electronic maps may not work sometimes./ No. Because electronic maps are easier to use and can show the latest road situation. 【解析】开放性试题。题干意为：你认为当调度员们有电子地图时，手绘地图还有必要吗？为什么或为什么不？本文是正面赞扬这个调度中心为了服务社会而手绘地图的做法，可以参考本文作肯定回答。也可以根据自己观点进行否定回答，注意前后两问之间逻辑关系要保持一致。本题答案不唯一，表述合理即可。

Passage 3(2019重庆B卷)
Sophia

ages. I can't study at home. I really can't stand this, but what should I say to a fouryearold boy? And my parents are around him all the time. They seem to forget everything about me. How I miss those sweet old days when we could just sit in the sofa!
Can you help me out？
Dr. Wang

　
@Sophia
Re：What should I say to my little brother？
That's a common complaint. I know how awful it is when someone keeps knocking at the door, but doesn't that mean the little one wants to stay with you? Just as you want to have your parents around, he needs your attention!
If this doesn't make you feel better, ask your parents for some help. Just have a talk with your parents. Ask them to calm(使平静)your little brother down or take him out when you are doing your homework. And tell them that you also need their attention.
Family life might not always be as sweet as those old days. Sometimes we have to wait until what troubles us today becomes part of those sweet old days.
1. Was Sophia happy to have a little brother at first?
______________________________________________________________________
2. How old is Sophia's little brother now?
______________________________________________________________________
3. What problems does Sophia have?
______________________________________________________________________
4. Do you think asking someone else like Dr. Wang for help is the best choice for Sophia? Why or why not?
______________________________________________________________________
Passage 3
【主旨大意】本文是一则应用文。文中索菲亚向王博士诉说了自己的烦恼，王博士就她的问题提出了几点建议。[来源:学#科#网Z#X#X#K]
1. Yes, she was. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：最初索菲亚高兴有一个小弟弟吗？根据第二个表格中第二段第二句“We were really happy then...”可知，她最初是高兴的。因此本题为肯定回答。
2. He's four years old. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：索菲亚的弟弟现在多大了？根据第二个表格中第三段第四句“...but what should I say to a fouryearold boy？”可知，索菲亚的弟弟现在四岁了。
3. She doesn't have a quiet place to study and her parents pay less attention to her because of her little brother. /Her little brother makes too much noise for her to study and takes too much of her parents' attention. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：索菲亚遇到了什么问题？根据第二个表格中第三段描述可知，索菲亚遇到的问题就是自己的弟弟影响她的学习，夺走了父母的爱。据此表述即可。
4. Yes. Because when we are in trouble and can't get out of it by ourselves, advice from wise people like Mr. Wang is sure to help./No, I don't think so. Because family problems can only be solved by family members. Others know too little of the family to give helpful advice. 【解析】开放性试题。题干意为：对于索菲亚来说，你认为向王博士这样的人求助是最好的选择吗？为什么是或者为什么不是？本题为开放性试题，答案不唯一，可以结合自身情况回答，注意前后叙述保持逻辑一致。

Passage 4(2019安徽)
Remember when you were a little child trying to learn to walk?
First, you had to learn how to balance(平衡) yourself and stand. You fell down, and then got back up. You laughed sometimes and cried at other times. After much practice, you finally learned how to balance yourself. You got much pleasure from this new feeling of power—you'd stand everywhere you could. It was a happy time—you did it!
Now, the next step—walking. You'd seen others do it. It didn't look that hard—just move your legs while you were standing. Wrong—more difficult than you ever imagined. But after you tried again and again and again, you understood how to walk.
If people found you walking, they cheered，“Oh, look at what the kid is doing.”This encouraged you! But look back on those days when you were the little child—how many times did you try when no one was watching, or when no one was cheering? You couldn't wait for someone to encourage you to take the next steps. You learned how to encourage yourself.
So, keep trying and encouraging yourself as you learned to walk if you want to succeed in doing something.
1. What is the first step in learning to walk？(不超过15个词)
______________________________________________________________________2. When did you understand how to walk？(不超过15个词)
______________________________________________________________________3. What should you do if you want to succeed in doing something？(不超过15个词)
______________________________________________________________________
Passage 4
【主旨大意】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了孩童时学习走路的三个过程：平衡自己站起来；开始走；在别人的赞美声中走下去并鼓励自己走下去。其实学习走路的过程与一个人的人生一样，如果要取得成功，也需要不断地鼓励自己。
1. The first step in learning to walk is to balance yourself and stand. / To learn how to balance yourself and stand. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：学习走路的第一步是什么？由第二段第一句“First, you had to learn how to balance(平衡)yourself and stand.”可知答案。
2. I/We understood how to walk after I/we tried again and again and again. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：你什么时候理解如何走路的？根据第三段最后一句“But after you tried again and again and again, you understood how to walk.”可知答案。注意人称的转换以及you的单复数含义。
3. I/We should keep trying and encouraging myself /ourselves as I/we learned to walk. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：如果你想成功地做某事，你应该做什么？根据最后一段“So, keep trying and encouraging yourself as you learned to walk if you want to succeed in doing something.”可知答案。注意人称的转换以及you的单复数含义。

Passage 5(2019长沙)
I am Canadian. I started learning French when I was 10 years old. But my whole experience with the language was in the classroom. All of that changed, however, during my last summer of high school. As a 17yearold girl, I flew across the country by myself for the first time! I headed for Quebec to live in the province with a Frenchspeaking host family, who didn't speak any English. And I would learn French at a local school.
On the first day of school, all of us students were given a test to determine(测定) our language level. We were required to speak only French all summer.
I made every effort to communicate in a second language by making new friends, seeing movies and even ordering food from restaurants in French. Though I couldn't understand most of it at the very beginning, the whole experience was exciting and refreshing.
On weekends, my classmates and I took trips to different places around the province. On one trip, we went whale watching on the St.Lawrence River. Even though it was raining, we could see huge whales swimming around our boat. The most memorable part of our trip was a visit to historic Quebec City. I walked along the stone streets, took pictures of the Europeanstyle(欧式的) buildings, and learned some stories there.
Finally my efforts paid off! At the end of the summer, I was able to communicate pretty well. I couldn't wait to go back to school and talk with my French teacher. Being fully immersed(沉浸) in a Frenchspeaking environment was a valuable learning experience. And it could be the main reason for my improvement in French.
1. When did the writer fly alone for the first time?
______________________________________________________________________2. How did the local school determine the students' language level?
______________________________________________________________________3. Did the writer enjoy the experience of communicating in French?
______________________________________________________________________4. What did the writer think of the visit to historic Quebec City?
______________________________________________________________________5. What could be the main reason for the writer's improvement in French?
______________________________________________________________________
Passage 5
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者讲述了自己是一名加拿大人，10岁起开始学习法语，17岁时第一次坐飞机去魁北克省与一个讲法语的寄宿家庭生活，并在当地的一所学校学习法语。作者在文中还讲述了自己学习法语时的一些体会和感悟。
1. At age 17. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：什么时候作者第一次独自乘坐飞机？从第一段第五句“As a 17yearold girl, I flew across the country by myself for the first time！”可知作者是在17岁时第一次独自坐飞机。
2. By giving them a test. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：当地学生怎样判定学生的语言水平？从文章第二段第一句“On the first day of school, all of us students were given a test to determine(测定)our language level.”由此可知，当地学校是通过给学生测试的方式来判定学生的语言水平。[来源:学,科,网Z,X,X,K]
3. Yes, she did. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：作者喜欢用法语交流的体验吗？从文章第三段最后一句“Though I couldn't understand most of it at the very beginning, the whole experience was exciting and refreshing.”由此可知作者喜欢用法语交流。
4. It was the most memorable part of the trip. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：作者对魁北克市的参观有什么看法？从文章第四段倒数第二句“The most memorable part of our trip was a visit to historic Quebec City.”由此可知，作者的魁北克市之旅令作者最难忘。
5. Being fully immersed in a Frenchspeaking environment. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：作者法语水平提高的主要原因是什么？从最后一段倒数一、二句“Being fully immersed(沉浸)in a Frenchspeaking environment was a valuable learning experience. And it could be the main reason for my improvement in French.”由此可知，作者法语进步的主要原因就是完全沉浸在法语环境中。

Passage 6(2019日照)
Helen has always been interested in helping her community(社区). Her first volunteer experience was for the American Red Cross when she was in high school. When she was a school teacher, she also found time to volunteer.
After she retired(退休), she started volunteering to help the old. When her father was older, he was not able to see as well as he used to, which made her sad because he had always enjoyed reading. She decided it would be fun to read to elderly people in her community.
She also helped one woman write her stories. Ann was almost 100 years old, and Helen wrote down information about her life when she visited her. She put the information in a book and got it published(出版). Ann was very excited to share her life story with her children and grandchildren.
After a strong storm hit some southern cities, Helen volunteered again for the American Red Cross. She prepared food and answered phones in a care centre.
One day Helen read an article in the newspaper about refugees(难民)who needed to learn English. She met once a week with Sahra, a 38yearold woman from Somalia. Helen gave Sahra a camera and asked her to take pictures of her daily life. In the end, they wrote a book together and used the photos in the book. This helped Sahra learn many new words about her everyday life.[来源:Z§xx§k.Com]
Helen says，“The real value of my volunteer work is becoming friends with the people I help. They enrich my life as well as I enrich theirs.”
1. When did Helen first volunteer for the American Red Cross?
______________________________________________________________________2. What did Helen do just after she retired?
______________________________________________________________________3. Why was Ann excited when her book got published?
______________________________________________________________________4. Why did Helen give Sahra a camera?
______________________________________________________________________5. What do you think of Helen?
______________________________________________________________________
Passage 6
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了海伦做志愿者的故事。她认为，志愿工作的真正价值是和帮助过的人成为朋友，他们丰富了自己的生活，自己也丰富了他们的生活。
1. When she was in high school. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：海伦第一次为美国红十字会做志愿者是什么时候？根据第一段第二句“Her first volunteer experience was for the American Red Cross when she was in high school.”可知，她第一次为美国红十字会做志愿者是在高中的时候。
2. After she retired, she started volunteering to help the old. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：海伦退休后做了什么？根据第二段第一句“After she retired (退休), she started volunteering to help the old.”可知她退休后，开始志愿帮助老人。
3. Because she could share her life story with her children and grandchildren. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：安的书出版时，她为什么兴奋？根据第三段最后一句“Ann was very excited to share her life story with her children and grandchildren.”可知她很兴奋能和她的孩子和孙子孙女们分享她的人生故事。
4. Because she wanted Sahra to take pictures of her daily life. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：海伦为什么给萨拉一个照相机？根据倒数第二段第三句“ Helen gave Sahra a camera and asked her to take pictures of her daily life.”可知，她想让萨拉给她的日常生活拍照。
5. I think she is kind and helpful. 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：你觉得海伦怎么样？文章讲述了海伦做志愿者的故事，可以看出她是一个善良，乐于助人的人。答案不唯一，言之有理即可。

Passage 7(2019泰州)
Obey the rules of British roads
British roads are some of the safest in the world. A study in 2018 compared more than 30 countries and found that 3.8 people per 100，000 died in traffic accidents in the UK. This number was lower than any other country. So, what did British drivers do to achieve this? What are they doing differently? Here are five top tips for drivers who are planning a trip to the UK.
People in Britain drive on the left side of the road. In fact, a long time ago people drove on the left in most countries, but now only a few countries have this. Don't forget that this also means you must drive the other way around roundabouts(环岛)．
British people feel that waiting should be fair for everybody.If you are in a queue of traffic, then don't try to push past the cars in front of yours. This is called “jumping the queue”. You must wait for your turn; otherwise people may get angry with you.
You must stop at the traffic lights when they are red. In many countries, it is OK to go past the red lights if you are turning a corner or if there isn't any other traffic around. In the UK you could have a lot of trouble if you do this.
If another driver flashes(闪烁) his car's lights at you, he is probably trying to tell you that he will wait for you to go first. British people don't like to use their car horn (喇叭) much and they think people who do so are rude.
If you get in an accident, don't try to pay the police. The police in the UK never take money, and if you try to offer them some, you could end your holiday visiting British prison.
回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过六个词。
1. How many tips are mentioned in the passage?
______________________________________________________________________2. Which side do British people drive on?
______________________________________________________________________3. If you jump the queue, how will other drivers feel?
______________________________________________________________________4. What does the driver probably mean if he flashes his car's lights at you?
______________________________________________________________________5. If you give the police money, what will happen to you?
______________________________________________________________________[来源:学|科|网]
Passage 7
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了英国的交通规则和驾驶习惯。
1. 5/Five. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：文章中提到了几个小提示？根据第一段最后一句“Here are five top tips for drivers who are planning a trip to the UK.”可知文中提到了五个提示。
2. On the left. 【解析】细节理解。题干意为：英国人在哪边驾驶？从第二段第一句“People in Britain drive on the left side of the road.”可知英国人在左边驾驶。
3. Get angry with you. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：如果你插队，其他司机会有什么感受？从第三段最后一句“...otherwise people may get angry with you.”可知答案。
4. Let you pass first. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：如果司机冲你闪烁车灯，他可能是什么意思？从倒数第二段第一句“...he is probably trying to tell you that he will wait for you to go first.”可知他在等你先通过。
5. You will be in a prison. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：如果你给警察钱，会发生什么？从最后一段最后一句“...if you try to offer them some, you could end your holiday visiting British prison.” 可知你将会进监狱。
Passage 8(2019临沂)
The population of the world continues to increase, but in some areas the population is falling. This is true in Europe and especially in Eastern Europe. In Russia, the population is going down by about 100 people EVERY HOUR! Russia's population could fall by ONE THIRD by the year 2050! And in Poland(波兰)the population is also going down because people are leaving to work in other countries.
One of the main reasons is a change of lifestyle. All over Europe people, especially educated women, have a different attitude(态度)to children than their parents. “I have one child and she is enough for me，” said Galina Tereschkova, a doctor from Moscow. “My husband and I both work fulltime. We can't imagine having more than one child.” Many women decide to have children later in life or not to have children at all. “I don't want to have any children until I have worked for at least 10 years，” said 19yearold student Hana Markova from Prague. Her opinion is typical of 1824 year old women everywhere in Europe.
In Poland, the population is going down for a different reason. A lot of people, usually aged between 20 and 30, are leaving the country to work abroad. Poland joined the European Union in 2005 and since then more than half a million people have moved to Britain, Germany, Spain and Italy. Even so, the population of those four countries and many other countries in West Europe is also going down.
Many governments are now encouraging people to have larger families. In France, women now receive nearly $1，000 a month for a year if they have a third child. Austrian women receive $700 a month for three years when they have their first child.
1. Where in the world is the population getting smaller?
______________________________________________________________________2. How many children does Galina Tereschkova want to have?
______________________________________________________________________3. What does Hana Markova want to do before she has children?
______________________________________________________________________4. Why is the population in Poland going down?
______________________________________________________________________5. How does the French government encourage people to have larger families now?
______________________________________________________________________
Passage 8
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲了欧洲国家人口数量下降的现象及原因。
1. In Europe and especially in Eastern Europe. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：世界上哪里的人口越来越少？根据第一段第一、二句“The population of the world continues to increase, but in some areas the population is falling. This is true in Europe and especially in Eastern Europe.”可知，在欧洲，尤其是东欧，人口数量越来越少。
2. One./1./ She wants to have one child. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：Galina Tereschkova想要几个孩子？根据第二段第三、四句“I have one child and she is enough for me...We can't imagine having more than one child.”可知，她只想要一个孩子。
3. She wants to work for at least 10 years. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：Hana Markova在要孩子之前想做什么？根据第二段第六句“‘I don't want to have any children until I have worked for at least 10 years，' said 19yearold student Hana Markova from Prague.”可知，在要孩子之前她想工作至少10年。
4. Because a lot of people in Poland, usually aged between 20 and 30, are leaving the country to work abroad. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：为什么波兰的人口在下降？根据第三段第二句“A lot of people, usually aged between 20 and 30, are leaving the country to work abroad.”可知许多人，通常年龄在20到30岁之间，正离开这个国家到国外工作。
5. It gives women $1，000 a month for a year if they have a third child. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：法国政府现在如何鼓励人们多生孩子？根据最后一段第二句“In France, women now receive nearly $1，000 a month for a year if they have a third child.”可知，如果女性生第三个孩子，法国政府给她们每年每月近1000美元。[来源:Zxxk.Com]
Passage 9(2019衡阳)
On Sept.19, 2014 Alibaba went public on the New York Stock Exchange(纽约证券交易所), raising $25 billion through an IPO(公司股票的首次公开发行), the biggest in the US history. It shows that Ma Yun has done his business successfully. The short Chinese man seems to be the tallest in the world right now. Ma, who was an English teacher, has become one of the richest men on the Chinese mainland.
Born in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Ma grew up as a happy kid. At the age of 12, he wanted to learn English. Every morning, he woke up at 5 a．m., cycling 40 minutes to a hotel near the West Lake where he could chat with foreign tourists.
On a trip to the US in 1995, Ma was shown the Internet for the first time. Seeing the chance, Ma returned to China and set up a website called China Pages without even knowing much about computers.
Four years later, 18 people including Ma, his wife and his friends founded Alibaba in Hangzhou. People called him “Crazy Jack Ma”. But 15 years later, Alibaba has developed into the world's largest ecommerce(电子商务) company.
No one thinks he's mad now. Ma's favorite line has been printed on Alibaba's souvenir Tshirts. It reads, “Everybody should have a dream. What if that dream comes true？”
1. How much did Alibaba raise through an IPO on Sept. 19, 2014?
______________________________________________________________________2. Where was Ma Yun born?
______________________________________________________________________3. What did Ma want to do when he was twelve years old?
______________________________________________________________________4. Alibaba was founded in 1995, wasn't it?
______________________________________________________________________5. What did Ma do after coming back to China from the US?
______________________________________________________________________
Passage 9
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。通过阿里巴巴在纽约证券交易所上市，通过首次公开发行公司股票筹集了250亿美元的事，讲述了马云的成长经历以及他建立阿里巴巴的经过。
1. $25 billion. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：2014年9月19日，阿里巴巴通过IPO筹集了多少资金？根据文章第一段第一句“On Sept.19, 2014 Alibaba went public on the New York Stock Exchange(纽约证券交易所), raising $25 billion through an IPO...”可知阿里巴巴通过首次公开发行公司股票筹集了250亿美元。
2. In Hangzhou, Zhejiang. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：马云出生在哪里？根据文章第二段第一句“Born in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Ma grew up as a happy kid.”可知，马云出生于浙江杭州。
3. He wanted to learn English. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：马云十二岁的时候想做什么？根据文章第二段第二句“At the age of 12, he wanted to learn English.”可知12岁时他想学英语。
4. No, it wasn't. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：阿里巴巴成立于1995年，不是吗？根据文章第三段第一句“On a trip to the US in 1995, Ma was shown the Internet for the first time.”可知，在1995年的一次美国之行中，马云第一次见识了互联网以及第四段第一句“Four years later, 18 people including Ma, his wife and his friends founded Alibaba in Hangzhou.”可知，四年后，马云及其妻子、朋友等18人在杭州创办了阿里巴巴，即成立于1999年。
5. He set up a website called China Pages. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：马云从美国回到中国后做了什么？根据文章第三段第二句“Seeing the chance, Ma returned to China and set up a website called China Pages without even knowing much about computers.” 可知马云回到中国后建立了一个名为“中国网页”的网站。
Passage 10(2019株洲)
Sometimes we throw apple remains into forests, hoping small animals around may find them. But what if they are never noticed？People believe they would rot(腐烂)one day. So it doesn't matter. Is that true?
Sure they will.But it won't happen overnight.
Marjorie Woodruff, works in the Grand Canyon, set up a small experiment. She put a banana peel(皮), orange peels in a box, wide enough to allow small animals to go in and out. After six months, the orange peels had dried out, the banana had turned black. Nothing had been eaten or had rotted.
She buried the same things in sand and soil and six months later everything could still be seen.
In fact, it takes two months for apple remains to rot and an orange peel can take up to one year.
“Do we eat orange peels？We do not. So why would a squirrel(松鼠)eat？”Woodruff writes in High Country News.“The animals do just fine on nuts and berries. They do not need us.”
There's another point to think about.
When animals start to get food from people, they may stop looking for their own food in nature.This is dangerous because it may weaken their hunting ability.Besides, they need different food.
Food waste also attracts animals to areas where there are a lot of people, says the Leave No Trace organization. This may put their life in danger as they may get used to looking for food alongside busy roads. Many of them are too small to be noticed by drivers.
When you're throwing fruit remains, you may be fined(罚款). Fines are different.Some states might only fine people $100, but a few states fine people more than $6，000 for a first time.
1. Where does Marjorie Woodruff work?
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2. How long does it take for apple remains to rot?
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3. Which animal is mentioned?
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4. How much might you be fined at least if you throw fruit remains?
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5. Why can't we give food waste to animals?
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Passage 10
【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。主要讲述了人们在森林里乱扔果屑觉得动物会吃，但是通过实验发现动物并不去吃。并且根据Marjorie Woodruff的实验，这可能对动物也有不好的影响，一旦动物习惯了人类的投食，可能会导致动物丧失捕食的能力，并且可能将它们吸引到忙碌的道路上使它们处于危险之中。[来源:学科网]
1. She works in the Grand Canyon. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：Marjorie Woodruff在哪工作？根据第三段第一句“Marjorie Woodruff, works in the Grand Canyon...”可知，她在大峡谷工作。
2. Two months. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：苹果残渣腐烂需要多长时间？根据第五段中“In fact, it takes two months for apple remains to rot...”可知，苹果残渣腐烂需要两个月。
3. The squirrels. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：文中提到了哪种动物？根据第六段第三句“So why would a squirrel (松鼠) eat？”可知，文章中提到了松鼠。
4. 100 dollars. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：如果乱扔果屑，你至少会被罚多少钱？根据最后一段第三句“Some states might only fine people $100, but a few states fine people more than $6, 000 for a first time.”可知，至少罚款100美元。
5. Because animals need different food and food waste may put their life in danger by weakening their hunting ability and attracting them to busy roads. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：为什么我们不能把剩的食物给动物？根据倒数第三段“When animals start to get food from people, they may stop looking for their own food in nature.This is dangerous because it may weaken their hunting ability. Besides, they need different food.”和倒数第二段中“Food waste also attracts animals to areas where there are a lot of people...too small to be noticed by drivers.”可知，这会导致动物丧失捕食的能力，并且可能将他们吸引到忙碌的道路上，这对动物来说是很危险的。

Passage 11(2019常德)
Most people want to be happy, but few know how to find happiness. Money and success alone do not bring lasting happiness. Aristotle, a Greek thinker, said，“Happiness depends on ourselves.” In other words, we make our own happiness. Here are a few suggestions to help you be happier.
The first secret of happiness is to enjoy the simple things in life. Too often, we spend so much time thinking about the future—for example, getting into college or getting a good job—that we fail to enjoy the present. You should enjoy life's simple pleasure, such as reading a good book, listening to your favorite music, or spending time with close friends. People who have several friends often live happier and healthier lives.[来源:Z.xx.k.Com]
Another secret to living a happy life is to be active. Many people go dancing or play sports. People can forget about their problems and only think about the activities.
Finally, many people find happiness in helping others. Studies show that people feel good when they spend their time helping others. If you want to feel happier, do good things for someone, You can help a friend with his or her studies, go shopping to buy food for an elderly person, or simply help out around the house by washing the dishes.
1. Does the writer agree to “Happiness depends on ourselves”？
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2. What can make you happier, to think too much about the future or to enjoy life's simple pleasure?
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3. Why do many people go dancing or play sports?
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4. What's the example in helping others to find happiness?
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5. What's the passage about?[来源:Z&xx&k.Com]
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Passage 11
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要针对如何变成更幸福的人提出了几点建议。
1. Yes, he does. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：作者同意“幸福取决于我们自己”吗？根据第一段倒数第二句“In other words, we make our own happiness.”以及下文的内容可知作者是同意这个说法的。
2. To enjoy life's simple pleasure. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：什么能使你更幸福，是对未来考虑的多一些还是享受生命中简单的快乐？根据第二段第一句“The first secret of happiness is to enjoy the simple things in life.”可知答案应该是后者。
3. Because they can forget about their problems and only think about the activities. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：为什么许多人去跳舞或做运动？根据第三段最后一句“People can forget about their problems and only think about the activities.”可知通过跳舞和运动他们可以忘记烦恼和问题。
4. You can help a friend with his or her studies, go shopping to buy food for an elderly person, or simply help out around the house by washing the dishes. 【解析】题干意为：帮助他人寻找幸福的例子是什么？根据第四段最后一句“You can help a friend with his or her studies, go shopping to buy food for an elderly person, or simply help out around the house by washing the dishes.”可知答案。
5. How to help ourselves be happier. 【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：本文是关于什么的？根据文章内容可知本文主要针对如何变成更幸福的人提出了几点建议。第一段最后一句可以概括文章的主旨。

Passage 12(2019邵阳)
Nowadays, a new method is used to decide who are the top students in school. The best students are those who not only get high marks, but also follow the rules and the behavior standards for middle school students. Here are some of the new rules and standards.
Tell the truth. Have you ever copied someone else's work on an exam? If you have, then don't do it again! That's not something an honest student should do. If you have played computer games for two hours in your room, don't tell your parents you were doing homework.
Learn to work together with others. It would be more fun when more people work together. Did you fight with your teammates when your basketball team lost? Only working together can make your team stronger. Be friendly to the people you are with. Try to think of others, instead of only yourself.
Be open to new ideas. Have you ever thought that people could live on the moon? Perhaps you'll discover Earth Ⅱ someday. Don't look down on new ideas. Everyone's ideas are important. You should welcome them, because new ideas make life better for everyone.
Use the Internet carefully. Some websites on the Internet aren't for kids, so make sure to visit the web pages that are good for you. You can visit the websites for fun or homework. Can't you find any good websites for children?
1. How many new rules and standards are mentioned in the passage?
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2. Should we learn to work together with others?
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3. Why should we welcome the new ideas?
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4. What kind of web pages should we visit?[来源:学_科_网Z_X_X_K]
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5. Who can be the best students according to the new standards?
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Passage 12
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。讲述的是一种新的方法被用来决定谁是学校的尖子生。最好的学生是那些不仅得到高分，而且遵守规则和行为准则的中学生。文中介绍了一些新的规则和标准。
1. Four./4. 【解析】总结归纳题。题干意为：文章中提到了多少新规则和标准？根据文中“Tell the truth.”“Learn to work together with others.”“Be open to new ideas.”“Use the Internet carefully.” 可知提到了四项新规则和标准。
2. Yes, we should. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：我们应该学会与他人合作吗？根据第三段第一、二句话“Learn to work together with others. It would be more fun when more people work together.”可知要学会与他人合作。与更多的人在一起工作会更有趣。所以用肯定回答。
3. Because new ideas make life better for everyone. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：我们为什么要接受新思想？根据第四段最后一句话“You should welcome them, because new ideas make life better for everyone.”你应该欢迎他们，因为新的想法让每个人的生活更美好。
4. The web pages that are good for us. 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：我们应该浏览什么样的网页？根据最后一段第二句话“...so make sure to visit the web pages that are good for you. ”可知要浏览对我们有好处的网页。
5. The students who tell the truth, learn to work together with others, be open to new ideas and use the Internet carefully can be the best students. 【解析】总结归纳题。题干意为：谁能成为最好的学生？根据文中的“Tell the truth.”“Learn to work together with others.”“Be open to new ideas.”“Use the Internet carefully.”可知这样的学生能成为最好的学生。