山东专用2021高考英语一轮复习课时作业31选修7Livingwell含解析20201209225

这是一份山东专用2021高考英语一轮复习课时作业31选修7Livingwell含解析20201209225，共6页。
A
Anyne wh came f age in the 1990s remembers the Friends TV series where Phebe and Rachel g ut t get tatts (纹身). Rachel gets a tatt and Phebe ends up with a black ink dt because she can't tlerate the pain. This is nt a rare ccurrence in the wrld. The funny stryline als shws the questin—Can we help the “Phebes” f the wrld suffer less by making them mre like the “Rachels？”
Pain is the mst cmmn symptm reprted when peple are seeking medical attentin. Under nrmal circumstances, pain signals injury, and as we recver, the pain becmes less. Unfrtunately, as n tw men are alike, they are different nt nly in their ability t discver, tlerate and respnd t pain but als in hw they reprt it and hw they respnd t varius treatments. This makes it difficult t knw hw t effectively treat each patient.
Peple's different health utcmes ften result frm cmplex psych­scial interactins, envirnmental and genetic factrs (基因因素). While pain may nt register as a traditinal disease like heart disease r diabetes, the same factrs are at play. The painful experiences thrughut ur lifetime ccur against a backgrund f genes that make us mre r less sensitive t pain. But ur mental and physical state and previus experiences can help adjust ur respnses.
If we can better understand what makes peple mre r less sensitive t pain in all kinds f situatins, then we are much clser t reducing human suffering by develping targeted persnalized pain treatments with lwer risks f misuse, tlerance and abuse than the current treatments.
Once there were reprts f children wh were pain­tlerant. Studies f these rare cases shwed that the cngenital insensitivity t pain is the result f lacking a single gene.
Recently, researchers are evaluating tetrdtxin, a strng neurtxin (神经毒素) prduced by sea creatures like pufferfish, as a ptential pain killer. It has shwn early effectiveness in treating cancer pain. These drugs and txins bring abut the same state that is present in thse with cngenital insensitivity t pain.
本文是一篇说明文。人们对疼痛的感知因人而异，研究其背后的原因有着重要的意义。
1．What kind f peple des “Phebes” represent?
A．Thse liking tatts.
B．Thse with black ink dts n their skin.
C．Thse appearing in the Friends TV series.
D．Thse being unable t take the pain frm tatting.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中Phebe ends up with a black ink ccurrence可推知，“Phebes”代表了那些像Friends中的Phebe一样不能忍受纹身疼痛的人。
2．What des the authr mainly talk abut in Paragraph 3?
A．The imprtance f knwing mre abut pain.
B．The causes f peple's differences in pain.
C．The methds f adjusting ur reactin t pain.
D．The necessity f living thrugh painful experiences.
答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据第三段的内容可知，本段主要说明了造成“人们痛感差异”的原因。
3．What's the functin f tetrdtxin?
A．T serve as a ptential cancer killer.
B．T make patients unable t feel pain.
C．T imprve the effectiveness f pain killers.
D．T make up fr lacking an imprtant gene.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中． t a single gene及第六段中． bring abut the same state...可知，tetrdtxin做为一种潜在的止痛药，其功能是使病人无法感知疼痛。
B
Since cmmercial airlines tk t the air, drinking and flying have tended t g hand in hand, with drink seeming t add the pleasing sense f a flight. But in the face f a rising tide f drink­fuelled vilence, there are increasing calls frm the public that drinking n flights shuld be restricted. The gvernment is reviewing licensing laws at airprts. It has yet t reprt, but Wrld Duty Free (免税店) has annunced its wn decisin—selling duty­free alchlic drinks nly in sealed (密封的) bags that, in thery, cannt easily be pened n the plane.
Rb Griggs, a spkesman fr Airlines UK, welcmes the mve f Wrld Duty Free. Hwever, he thinks mre shuld be dne by airprts and the lcal authrities. “The places that sell alchl shuld be subject t the same licensing cnditins as elsewhere.” It wuld then be up t the lcal authrity t decide whether drinking a little befre barding was acceptable.
Suzannah Rbin, an alchl and drug specialist at AlcDigital, accepts Griggs' argument that mst drinking is dne in the terminal rather than n the plane. She advcates breathalysing (酒精测试) passengers wh shw signs f being drunk befre they bard. She says the Civil Aviatin Authrity has t take the lead. “They state that it's illegal t be drunk n bard. They nw need t decide what being drunk means. In the same way as yu have a drink­drive limit, yu wuld have a passenger limit, and as an authrity they need t frce the airprt t have a methd f checking passengers befre they bard.”
She wnders whether the relatinship between drinking and flying will ever be brken cmpletely. “I'd be surprised if drinking were banned n flights，” she says. “The events that happen becme well­knwn quickly because f scial media, but it's a tiny percentage f the ppulatin that causes these issues. The airlines benefit because they sell alchl n bard; the airprts benefit because they have shps selling alchl within their terminals; I can't see them wanting t back dwn. Yu're asking an entire natin t change what they d when they g n hliday because f the behaviur f a tiny minrity. Being able t manage it wuld be better.”
本文是一篇议论文。主要探讨了是否应该在飞机上禁止饮酒的问题。
4．What's the purpse f restricting drinking n flights?
A．T build up a psitive public reputatin.
B．T limit airlines' cmmercial prmtin ways.
C．T guarantee passengers' travel safety n flights.
D．T imprve passengers' pleasing sense f a flight.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据首段But in the face f a rising tide f drink­fuelled vilence可知，飞机上因醉酒引发的暴力事件正在增多，因而越来越多的人呼吁在飞机上禁酒。
5．What's Griggs' attitude twards selling duty­free alchlic drinks in sealed bags?
A．Dubtful. B．Supprtive.
C．Neutral. D．Disapprving.
答案：B
解析：观点态度题。根据首段． Duty Free has annunced its wn decisin—selling duty­free alchlic drinks nly in sealed bags及第二段的． the mve f Wrld Duty Free，可知Griggs对于这种做法是赞同的。
6．What des Suzannah Rbin advise airprts t d?
A．Accuse the drunken passengers.
B．Stp selling any alchl t passengers.
C．Prevent passengers bringing alng alchl.
D．Breathalyse passengers befre barding.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段． breathalysing passengers wh shw signs f being drunk befre they bard.可知，Suzannah Rbin认为乘客在登机之前应该进行酒精检测。
7．What can we mainly cnclude frm the last paragraph?
A．There is a slim chance f banning alchl n flights.
B．We shuld take advantage f scial media t handle the issue.
C．We shuld call n peple t change their behavir n hlidays.
D．It is f great imprtance fr airlines t take effective measures.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，Suzannah Rbin并不认为机场和航空公司会放弃卖酒。相对而言，对于饮酒做出控制是更为可取的。所以飞机上禁酒可能性很低。
Ⅱ.完形填空
A Letter t My Organ Dnr
On April 18, 2012, I received the mst imprtant gift in my life—a healthy set f lungs. I've written __1__ t my dnr's family each year fr the past six years, but they haven't __2__ yet. I whleheartedly respect their decisin, but I felt I had t write an pen letter t my __3__ Le and his family.
Dear Le，
There really are n wrds that can __4__ describe hw I feel abut the kindness frm yu and yur family. Every day I am __5__ fr the gift yu gave me, and I truly try my best t hnr yu in everything I d.
I struggle with the __6__ that yu had t leave yur family and friends behind s I culd live, but I __7__ yu that I am trying hard t be the best persn I can be and I hpe I'm making yu __8__.
__9__，I haven't been able t meet yur family and the peple that mattered mst t yu, but I'm __10__ that smeday I might. I want t hug them fr a lng time and tell them hw yu are still belved and hw yur life __11__.
Le, smeday my __12__ here n earth will be dne and when I __13__ t “the ther side”， my dream is fr yu t __14__ me. I'd lve t sit dwn with yu and hear all abut yur life. Until then, we'll keep ding ur thing—living, breathing and succeeding tgether.
Le, we will always be __15__ in breath—fr life.
Jerry
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。六年前“我”收到了一生中最珍贵的礼物——一副健康的肺。“我”每年都给恩人Le的家人写信，但是他们都没有回复。因此“我”给Le写了一封公开信，表达对他衷心的感谢。
1．A.letters B．stries
C．papers D．reprts
答案：A
解析：根据本文标题A Letter t My Organ Dnr，并结合该句可知，在过去六年，每年“我”都给“我”的捐赠者的家人写信，故A项正确。
2．A.decided B．met
C．respnded D．received
答案：C
解析：根据该句中的“but”可知，尽管“我”每年给恩人一家写信，但是他们都没有回复。C项意为“回复，答复”，故C项正确。
3．A.neighbr B．lifesaver
C．dctr D．friend
答案：B
解析：根据上文第一段第一句可知，Le给“我”捐赠了肺，并结合该句可知，“我”决定给救“我”一命的人写一封公开信。B项意为“救命的人”，故B项正确。
4．A.hardly B．pssibly
C．fairly D．gradually
答案：B
解析：根据该句中的“n wrds that can”可知，真的没有什么语言能表达“我”对Le和他的家人的善意(kindness)的感受。B项意为“可能”，修饰动词describe，符合语境，故B项正确。A项意为“几乎不”；C项意为“相当”，用于形容词和副词前；D项意为“逐渐地”。
5．A.careful B．peaceful
C．thankful D．painful
答案：C
解析：根据语境可知，每天“我”都对Le捐赠的礼物心怀感激之情。C项意为“感激的”，故C项正确。A项意为“谨慎的”，B项意为“和平的”，D项意为“疼痛的”，都与语境不符。
6．A.lneliness B．sadness
C．emptiness D．nervusness
答案：B
解析：根据该句中的“I struggle with I culd live”可知，Le不得不离开家人(family)和朋友，而“我”才能活下来，这让“我”感到很悲伤。B项意为“悲伤”，故B项正确。
7．A.praise B．miss
C．prmise D．warn
答案：C
解析：根据该句中的“I am trying hard t be the best persn I can be”可知，“我”向Le保证，“我”正在尽力成为最好的人。C项意为“许诺，保证”，故C项正确。
8．A.special B．healthy
C．different D．prud
答案：D
解析：根据语境可知，“我”希望“我”能让Le感到骄傲。D项意为“骄傲的”，故D项正确。
9．A.Unfrtunately B．Luckily
C．Thankfully D．Strangely
答案：A
解析：根据该句中的“I haven't been able t meet yur family”可知，不幸的是，“我”还未见到Le的家人。A项意为“不幸地”，故A项正确。
10．A.glad B．afraid
C．grateful D．hpeful
答案：D
解析：根据该句中的“smeday I might”可知，但是“我”希望有一天“我”能够见到他们。D项意为“抱有希望的”，故D项正确。
11．A.changes B．seems
C．cntinues D．succeeds
答案：C
解析：根据语境可知，“我”要长久地拥抱他们，并告诉他们Le仍然是多么地深受喜爱，他的生命是怎样持续的；C项意为“继续，持续”，故C项正确。
12．A.time B．wrk
C．duty D．memry
答案：A
解析：根据该句中的“here n earth will be dne”并结合常识可知，该处是说，如果有一天“我”在世上的时间终结了。A项意为“时间”，故A项正确。
13．A.listen B．refer
C．head D．turn
答案：C
解析：根据上文可知，终有一天“我”在世上的时间会终结，而当“我”去往“另一边”时，“我”希望Le能迎接(greet)“我”。
14．A.remind B．greet
C．teach D．tell
答案：B
解析：参见上题解析。
15．A.speakers B．winners
C．students D．brthers
答案：D
解析：根据该句中“in breath”可知，该处表示我们将永远是同呼吸共命运的兄弟。D项意为“兄弟”，故D项正确。