2021小升初英语总复习 第三部分 句型巩固 第四节祈使句
展开第三部分 句 型 巩 固
第四节 祈使句
一、祈使句的概念祈使句是用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子。祈使句因对象(主语)是第二人称,通常省略主语。祈使句的时态都为一般现在时,句末可以用感叹号来表达比较强烈的语气,也可以用句点结尾。如:
命令:G and wash yur hands!去洗一下你的手!请求:Be quiet, please. 请安静。劝告:Be kind t yur friends. 善待你的朋友。警告:Watch yur steps. 注意台阶。禁止:Keep ff the grass! 请勿践踏草地!
二、祈使句的结构1. 动词原形+其他成分。如:Sit dwn, please. 请坐下。Make yur rm clean. 保持你的房间整洁。【注】有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下,可省略动词。如: G this way, please.=This way, please. 请往这边走。
2. Be+名词短语或形容词+其他成分。如:Be a gd by!做个好孩子!Be careful!小心!
3. Let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分。如:Let me help yu. 让我来帮你。Let's clean ur classrm. 让我们打扫教室。【注】有时为了加强语气,可在动词之前加d。如:D be careful!务必小心!D let Mary water the flwers. 务必让玛丽浇花。
三、祈使句的否定形式1. 以动词原形和be 动词开头的祈使句,都是在句首加dn't。如:Dn't frget me!不要忘记我!Dn't be late fr schl! 上学不要迟到!
2. let开头的祈使句的否定形式有两种:(1)Dn't+let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分。如:Dn't let him g. 不要让他走。
(2)Let+宾语+nt+动词原形+其他成分。如: Let him nt g. 让他别走。3. n开头的祈使句表示禁止。如:N smking!禁止吸烟!
【例1】Read and chse. 给下列标志选择适当的标志语。(填字母编号)
A. Dn't litter! B. Dn't turn left. C. N fishing. D. Dn't tuch the dr.
解析:本题考查根据图片选择适当的祈使句。祈使句最常见的用法就是用在警示牌上。答案:1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C
【例2】Read and write. 根据所提供的场景写出适当的祈使句。 1. 有几个孩子在马路上踢足球,你会对他们说:______________________________________________________2. 有小朋友在无人监管的河里游泳,你会对他们说:______________________________________________________
解析:本题考查祈使句的日常用法。注意口语表达的时候,禁止类祈使句多用Dn't 形式。答案:1. Dn't play ftball n the rad. 2. Dn't swim in the river.
一、Read and judge. 判断下列句子是否是祈使句, 是的画“ √ ”,不是的画“×”。1. Lk ut! ( )2. Hw nice! ( )3. Let's g hiking. ( )4. What a lvely girl! ( )5. Wash yur hands befre meals. ( )
二、Read and write. 将下列句子改为祈使句。1. Yu must nt lk ut f the windw. ________________________________________2. Yu may let the children play the pian. ________________________________________3. Yu shuldn't drive t fast. ________________________________________
Dn't lk ut f the windw.
Let the children play the pian.
Dn't drive t fast.
三、Read and write. 根据所提供的场景写出适当的祈使句。1. 邀请朋友做客,你想请他吃苹果,你会说:________________________________________2. 你想邀请朋友一起下棋,你会说:________________________________________3. 你想让一个想要进入草坪的小朋友别践踏草坪,你会说:________________________________________
Have an apple, please!
Let's play chess tgether.
Keep ff the grass.
一、Read and chse. 看图,根据图片选出相应的祈使句。(填字母编号)
A. N eating r drinking! B. N camera! C. N smking!D. N parking! E. N swimming!
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
二、Read and write. 将下列句子改为祈使句。1. Yu mustn't play n the rad. __________________________________________2. Yu can't eat in the cmputer rm. __________________________________________3. Yu must stp at a red light. __________________________________________
Dn't play n the rad.
Dn't eat in the cmputer rm.
Stp at a red light./D stp at a red light.
4. Yu mustn't be late fr schl. __________________________________________5. Everyne mustn't smke here. __________________________________________
Dn't be late fr schl.
Dn't smke here./N smking here.
三、Read and chse. 单项填空。( )1. If yu are tired, _____ a rest. A. have B. having C. t have( )2. He is nt hnest(诚实的). _____ believe (相信) him. A. Nt B. Dn't C. D( )3. _____ in the street. It's dangerus (危险的). A. Nt play B. Nt t play C. Dn't play
( )4. _____ the bxes. Yu may use them later (后来). A. Keep B. Keeping C. T keep
四、Read and translate. 翻译句子。1. 你务必在红灯时停下来。__________________________________________2. 请不要在马路上跑。__________________________________________3. 不要跑那么快!__________________________________________
Yu must stp at the red light.
Please dn't run n the rad.
Dn't run s fast!
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