初中英语人教新目标 (Go for it) 版八年级下册Section A课文配套ppt课件

这是一份初中英语人教新目标 (Go for it) 版八年级下册Section A课文配套ppt课件，共20页。PPT课件主要包含了教学重难点及学情分析，教学过程 ，助动词，since，for，即学即练，met，Homework 等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Sectin A 3Grammar fcus – 4c
1. 教学内容分析 本节课主要是语法复习课，通过学习使学生明白现在完成时的具体用法及易错点，从而更好的掌握现在完成时。2. 教学目标 通过讲练使学生能够熟练和正确使用现在完成时。
教学内容分析及教学目标
1. 教学重难点 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别及瞬间动词与延续性动词在现在完成时句子中的转换。2. 学情分析 现在完成时对于大多数同学来说都存在着一定的难度，只有通过大量的讲练结合才能完成教学目标。
现在完成时： 表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或保存的状态。
结构:主语+ have / has + 动词的过去分词
一般疑问句： have / has … ? Yes, I have. N, I haven’t. Yes, she has. N, she hasn’t.
1. 现在完成时动词构成have /has + v 过去分词
haven’thasn’t
Have yu…?Has he…?
常与下列时间状语连用：just , already, yet,ever, never, befre, several times
2. 现在完成时动词可以表示开始于过去持续 到现在(也许还会继续进行下去)的动作或状态。1) I have studied English since last year. 我从去年开始学习英语。2) She has lived in Beijing fr five years. 她住在北京已经五年了。注意: cme, g , leave, arrive, buy, lse, receive, jin, die, bury 和marry 等动词所表示的动作是一时的, 不能延续的, 故不能与fr …, since …等开头的表示一段时间的状语连用。不过, 这些词用于否定句则可以与表示持续的时间状语连用，即动作的不发生是可以持续的。
3. 现在完成时把过去的动作和现在的结果联系起来， 一般过去时只限于表示过去的动作本身, 与现在 的结果无关。现在完成时与一般过去时在意义上 的区别举例如下： I have cleaned my rm. (My rm is clean nw.) 我已经打扫过我的房间了。 I cleaned my rm last week. (I did it in the past.) 我上周打扫了我的房间。 Father has gne t Amy. (He went t Amy and he is nt here nw.) 爸爸已经去厦门了。 They have bught a dictinary. (They bught a dictinary and they have it nw.) 他们买了一本字典。
注意: 现在完成时不能和明确指出时间的状语(如: yesterday, last, year, in 1976, tw days ag, just nw, when she came in 等)连用，但可以和不明确指出时间的状语(如: already, yet, ever, never, smetimes, always, ften, befre, nce, twice, recently, lately等)连用；也可以和表示包括现在在内的时间状语(如：tday, this mrning, this week, this year等)连用。
fr 和 since 在现在完成时中的应用
fr与since都能与现在完成时连用，但区别较大：（1）fr后须接“时间段” He has studied English fr five years. 他学英语5年了。（2）since后须接“时间点” He has studied English since 1999. 他从1999年开始学英语。
（3）二者可以转换 fr + 一段时间 = since + 一段时间 + ag He has been here fr five weeks.= He has been here since five weeks ag. 他到这儿已经有五个星期了。
如：He has taught here since he came t China.自从他来到中国就在这儿教书。We have been friends since we met in schl.我们从在学校见面起就成为了好朋友。
(4) since能引导时间状语从句(主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时)，而fr则不能。
（5）现在完成时常用句型：①It is (has been) +时间段+ since +时间状语或从句It is fur days since last Friday.从上周五到现在已经四天了。It has been tw years since Jim came t Beijing.吉姆来北京已经两年了。
（6）均须与延续性动词连用，也可以与非延 续性动词的否定式连用。如:I have bught this cmputer since fur years ag. (×)I have had this cmputer since fur years ag. (√)I haven’t bught anything fr tw mnths.(√ )I haven't heard frm him fr 3 weeks. (√)
（7）二者引出的时间状语往往用 hw lng提问。
—Hw lng have yu had this bk? 这本书你买多久了?—Fr a week./Since a week ag. 买一周了。
Grammar Fcus
选择fr或since填空：I have been here _____five mnths ag.2. He has been a sldier ____ abut tw mnths.3. Great changes have taken place _____ yu left.4. His grandpa has been dead ____ ten years.5. I have studied English ______ I was 12 years ld.6. It is tw years _________ I became a pstgraduate student.
练习题: It's a lng time since we ____ (meet) last, isn’t it?            2. --I knw yu ___________ (chse) a picture bk amng these.   --Yes, Have a lk at it, please.                3. S far, spaceships withut peple ___________ (reach) the mn and sme ther parts f the universe.               4. My father____ hme fr nearly three weeks. A. has gne away frm   B. has left C. has been away frm   D. went away                5. Mr. and Mrs. Green have_____ in China fr a week. A. been   B. gt   C. arrived   D. reached
have reached
Practice mre exercises abut since and fr.Preview the next part.