通用版2021届高考英语书面表达特训专题02高考英语书面表达常用句型
展开高考英语考前冲刺书面表达常用句型
一、在英语写作可能使用到的重要句型
1)以形式主语it引导的有关句型:
(1)“It is / was+被强调的部分+that(who)+剩余的部分.”例如:
①It wasn’t until he came back that I went to bed.“直到他回来我才睡觉”(一定要注意被强调句型谓语动词否定的转移及形式)。
②It was because he was ill that he didn’t come to school today.“只因为他有病了今天没有来上学”(只能用because而不能用for, as 或since)
③It is I who am a student. “我确实是个学生”。
(2)“It happened(chanced)that +clause. = sb. happened /chanced sth. =sb.did sth. by chance.” 例如:
It happened that he was out when I got there. “当我到那儿时,碰巧他不在”=He happened to be out when I got there.= It chanced that he was out when I got there= He was out by chance when I got there.
(3)“It seems that sb. do/ be doing/ have done = Sb. seems to do/ be doing/ have done”(还有动词appear可这样使用)例如:
It seemed that he had been to Beijing before. “好像你以去过北京”=He seemed to have been Beijing before.
(4)“It is high time (time/ about time) (that) 主语+should do / did+其它”(注意从句中的谓语动词用的是虚拟语气) 例如:It is high time that we should go / went home.我们该回家了。
(5)“It is / was said ( reported…)+that+从句.” 例如:
It was said that he had read this novel. “据说他读过这篇小说”=He was said to have read this novel.
(6)“It is impossible / necessary/ strange…that clause.”(从句中的谓语用should+do / should have done,其形式是虚拟语气) 例如:
It is strange that he should have failed in this exam.真奇怪,他这次考试没有及格。
(7)“It is + a pity/ a shame…that clause.” (注意从句中的谓语动词用should do或should have done的形式,但should可以省略) 例如:
He didn’t come back until the film ended. It was a pity that he should have missed this film. “他直到电影结束才回来。他没有看到这部电影真可惜”
(8)“It is suggested / ordered/ commanded /…that +clause.” (从句的谓语动词用should do, 但should可以省略) 例如: It is suggested that the meeting should be put off. “有人建议推迟会议”。
(9)“It is/was+表示地点的名词+where+从句” (注意本句不是强调句型,而是以where引导的定语从句) 例如:It was this house where I was born.请比较:It was in this house that I was born. (后一句是强调句型。)
(10)“It is / was +表示时间的名词+when+从句” (注意本句型也不是强调句型,而是以when引导的定语从句) 例如:It was 1999 when he came back from the United States. 请比较:It was in 1999 that he came back from the United States.
(11)“It is well-known that+从句” 例如:
It is well-known that she is a learned woman. “众所周知,她是个知识渊博的妇女”。
(12)“It is +段时间+since+主语+did.” // “It was +段时间+since+主语+had done.” 例如:
①It is five years since he left here.“他已经离开这儿五年了”。
②It was five years since he left here.(同上)
(14)“It +谓语+段时间+before+主语+谓语”(before引导的是时间状语从句) 例如:
①It wasn’t long before the people in that country rose up.“没有多久那个国家的人民就起义了”
②It will be three hours before he comes back.“三个小时之后他才能回来”
(15)“It is +形容词+for+ sb.+ to do.” 例如:
It is impossible for me to finish this work before tomorrow. “我明天之前完成此工作是不可能的”
(16)“It is +(心理品质方面的)形容词+of + sb. +to do.”= “主语+ be +形容词+to do.”(常用的形容词有:kind, stupid; foolish, good, wise等) 例如:It is kind of you to help me. =You are kind to help me.“你真好给我提供了帮助”
2)定语从句中的有关句型:
(1)由as引导的非限定性的定语从句。例如:
As we have known, he is a most good student. “众所周知,他是个很好的学生”请比较:It is well-known that he is a most good student. (前一个是定语从句,而后者是个主语从句)
(2)由which引导的非限定性的定语从句。例如:
He is a professor, which I have been looking forward to becoming. “他是个教授,那是我一直盼望的职业”(因为先行词professor是表示职业的名词,因此引导词用which,而不用who。(注意:关于which和as之间的比较请看语法的定语从句部分。)
(3)由where, when引导的定语从句(其中包括限定性的或非限定性的)
例如:
①This is the house where I used to come.请比较:This is the house which / that I used to come to.
②This is the day when I joined the Party.请比较:This is the day which / that I joined the Party on.
[说明]:关于that与which之间的区别,请看语法中的定语从句。
3)让步状语从句中的有关句型:
“No matter what / which / who / where / when / whose+从句,+主句”(注意从句中的时态一般情况用一般现在时态) 例如:
①No matter what you do, you must do it well.请比较:Whatever you do, you must do it well. “无论你做什么,一定要做好”
②No matter where you go, please let me know.请比较:Wherever you go, please let me know. “你无论去哪儿,请通知我”
[说明]:这两种句型形式不同,而意义完全相同。
注意:I will tell whoever would like to read it.句中的whoever不能用whomever来代替,因为它作动词tell后面的宾语从句的主语。
4)条件状语从句的有关句型:
(1)“When / So long as / As long as / Once +从句,+主句”(从句也可以放在主句之后)例如:
①As long as you give me some money, I will let you go.“只要你给我一些钱,我就让你走”
②Once you have begun to learn English, you should learn it well. “一旦你开始学习英语,你应该把它学好”
(2)“主句+on condition that+从句” 例如:
I will go with you on condition that you give me some money. “我和你一起去的条件是你给我一些钱”
(3)“主句+unless+从句.”(注意:由于unless本身是否定词,所引导的从句的谓语动词用肯定) 例如:
I will go there tomorrow unless it rains. “我明天去那儿除非下雨”
(4)“祈使句,+and/ and then+主句”(注意:祈使句也可用一个名词短语) 例如:
①Use your head, and you will find a good idea.“动脑筋想一想,你就会想出一个好主意”
②Another word, and I will beat you.“你再说一句,我就揍你”
(5)“If +necessary / impossible/ important等,+主句” 例如:If necessary, I will do it. “如果有必要的话,我来做此事。”
5)原因状语从句的有关句型
(1)“主句+in case+从句”(in case表示以免) 例如:I will take my raincoat in case it rains.我要把雨衣带上以免下雨。
(2)“主句+due to / because of / owning to / + the fact that +从句” 例如:
He did not come to school because of the fact that he was ill. “由于他有病了,所以没有来上学”
6)时间状语从句中的有关句型
(1)“When / While / As +从句,+主句”(关于它们之间的区别请看语法) 例如:
When I was in the country, I used to carry some water for you. “当我在农村时,我常常给你打水”
(2)“主句+after / before +从句.” 例如:
①They hadn’t been married four months before they were devoiced.“他们绘结婚不到四个月就离婚了”
②We went home after we had finished the work.“我们做完此工作就回家了”
(3)“主语+肯定谓语+until+从句(或时间)” // “主语+否定谓语+until+从句”
例如:
② I worked until he came back. “我一直工作到他回来”
②I didn’t worked until he came back.“他回来我才开始工作”
(4)“As soon as / Immediately / Directly / Instantly / The moment / The instant / The minute +从句,+主句.” 例如:My father went out immediately I got home. “我一到家,我父亲就出去了”
(5)“No sooner +had + 主语+done…than +主语+did.” // “主语+had + no sooner +done…than +主语+did.” 例如:
①No sooner had I got to Beijing than I called you.“我一到北京就给你打电话了”
②I had no sooner got to Beijing than I called you. (同上)
(6)“Hardly +had +主语+done…when / before + 主语+did.” // “主语+had +hardly + done…when / before +主语+did.” 例如:
①Hardly had she had supper when she went out. “她一吃完晚饭就出去了”
②She had hardly had supper when she went out. (同上)
(7)“By the time+从句,+主句.”(注意时态的变化) 例如:
①By the time you came back, I had finished this book.“到你回来时,我已经写完了这本书”
②By the time you come back, I will have finished this book.“到你回来时,我将写完这本书”
(8)“each / every time +从句,+主句.”(这时相当于whenever 或no matter when引导的从句。从句也可放在主句之后) 例如:Each time he comes to Harbin, he always drops in on me. “每当他来哈尔滨,总是随便来看看我”
7)地点状语从句的有关句型:
(1)“Where +从句,+主句.” 例如:
Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible. “哪里没有雨水,种庄稼是很难的或者是不可能的”
(2)“Anywhere / wherever+从句,+主句.” 例如:
①Anywhere I go, my wife goes too.“无论我去哪儿,我的妻子也去哪儿”
②I will go wherever you suggest.“你建议我去哪儿,我就去哪儿 ”
8)目的状语从句的有关句型:
(1)“主句+in order that / so that +从句.” 例如:
I got up early in order that I could catch the first bus. “我起得很早,以便能赶上早班车”
(2)“主句+for+sb. +to do.”(注意动词不定式复合结构在这儿作目的状语) 例如:
He came here for me to work out this problem. “他来这儿叫我帮他解出这道难题 ”
9)结果状语从句的有关句型:
(1)“主句+so that+从句.” 例如:It was very cold, so that the river froze. “天气很冷,因此河水结冰了”
(2)“So+形容词/ 副词+特定动词+主语+…+that+从句.” 例如:
So interesting is this book that I would like to read it again. “这本书那么有趣,我想再读一遍”
(3)“主语+谓语+such+名词+that+从句.” 例如:
He made such rapid progress that he was praised by the teacher. “他进步很快,老师表扬了他”
(4)“Such was + 主语+that +从句.”(这是个完全倒装句) 例如:
Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken. “爆炸力这么大,所有的窗户都被震碎了”
10)比较状语从句的有关句型:
(1)“The +形容词比较级……,(主句)the +形容词比较级+……” 例如:
The sooner you do it, the better it will be. “越早越好”
(2)“主语+谓语+as +形容词原级+as +被比较的对象.” 例如:
He is as busy as a bee. “他非常忙”
(3)“主语+谓语+the+形容词比较级+of / between …” 例如:
He is the taller of the two. “他们俩人中他高”
(4)“主语+谓语+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+被比较的对象.” 例如:
This room is three times as large as that one. “这个房间是那个房间的三倍大”(这个房间比那个房间大两倍。)
(5)“主语+谓语+百分数/倍数+形容词比较级+than+被比较的对象.” 例如:
①This city is twice larger than ours.“这个城市比我们城市大两倍”
②The early rice output in that commune was 200% more than that of 2000.“那个公社的早稻产量是2000年的两倍”
(6)“主语+谓语+the size / length/ width/ height +of +被比较的对象.” 例如:
Our building is twice the height of yours. “我们的大楼比你们的高两倍”
11)其它句型
(1)“It doesn’t matter wh-+从句” 例如:
①It doesn’t matter to me what you will do tomorrow.“你明天做什么与我无关”
②It doesn’t matter whether you will come or not.“你来不来无关紧要”
(2)“形容词/ 副词 / 名词(可数单数)+as / though +主语+谓语,+主句.” 例如:
①Young as he is, he knows a lot.“虽然他很小,但他知道得很多”
②Hard he works, I am sure that he can’t pass this exam.“虽然他学习很努力,这次考试他肯定不能及格”
③Child as he is, he knows a lot.“虽然他是个孩子,但他懂得很多”
(3)“Were / Should / Had +主语+谓语,+主句.” 例如
Were I you, I would have gone there yesterday. “如果我是你的话,昨天我就去那儿了”
(4)“Only +状语+特定动词+主语+谓语…” 例如:
①Only by this means can I do this work well.“只有用那种方式我才能做好此工作”
②Only because he was ill did he not come to school.“只因为他有病了才没有来上学”
③Only then did I realize that I had been wrong.“只有那时,我才认识到我错了”
(5)“Not only +特定动词+主语+谓语…but also+主语+谓语…” 例如:
Not only did he learn English well but also, he spoke French very well. “他不但英语学得好,而且法语讲得很流利”
(6)whether…or…, neither…nor…, either…or…
(7)“主语+doubt+whether + 从句.”// “主语+特定否定词+doubt+that+从句.”
例如:I don’t doubt that he will come this afternoon. “我确信他下午一定能来”w
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高考英语考前冲刺经典资料书面表达常用句型
一、在英语写作可能使用到的重要句型
1)以形式主语it引导的有关句型:
(1)“It is / was+被强调的部分+that(who)+剩余的部分.”例如:
①It wasn’t until he came back that I went to bed.“直到他回来我才睡觉”(一定要注意被强调句型谓语动词否定的转移及形式)。
②It was because he was ill that he didn’t come to school today.“只因为他有病了今天没有来上学”(只能用because而不能用for, as 或since)
③It is I who am a student. “我确实是个学生”。
(2)“It happened(chanced)that +clause. = sb. happened /chanced sth. =sb.did sth. by chance.” 例如:
It happened that he was out when I got there. “当我到那儿时,碰巧他不在”=He happened to be out when I got there.= It chanced that he was out when I got there= He was out by chance when I got there.
(3)“It seems that sb. do/ be doing/ have done = Sb. seems to do/ be doing/ have done”(还有动词appear可这样使用)例如:
It seemed that he had been to Beijing before. “好像你以去过北京”=He seemed to have been Beijing before.
(4)“It is high time (time/ about time) (that) 主语+should do / did+其它”(注意从句中的谓语动词用的是虚拟语气) 例如:It is high time that we should go / went home.我们该回家了。
(5)“It is / was said ( reported…)+that+从句.” 例如:
It was said that he had read this novel. “据说他读过这篇小说”=He was said to have read this novel.
(6)“It is impossible / necessary/ strange…that clause.”(从句中的谓语用should+do / should have done,其形式是虚拟语气) 例如:
It is strange that he should have failed in this exam.真奇怪,他这次考试没有及格。
(7)“It is + a pity/ a shame…that clause.” (注意从句中的谓语动词用should do或should have done的形式,但should可以省略) 例如:
He didn’t come back until the film ended. It was a pity that he should have missed this film. “他直到电影结束才回来。他没有看到这部电影真可惜”
(8)“It is suggested / ordered/ commanded /…that +clause.” (从句的谓语动词用should do, 但should可以省略) 例如: It is suggested that the meeting should be put off. “有人建议推迟会议”。
(9)“It is/was+表示地点的名词+where+从句” (注意本句不是强调句型,而是以where引导的定语从句) 例如:It was this house where I was born.请比较:It was in this house that I was born. (后一句是强调句型。)
(10)“It is / was +表示时间的名词+when+从句” (注意本句型也不是强调句型,而是以when引导的定语从句) 例如:It was 1999 when he came back from the United States. 请比较:It was in 1999 that he came back from the United States.
(11)“It is well-known that+从句” 例如:
It is well-known that she is a learned woman. “众所周知,她是个知识渊博的妇女”。
(12)“It is +段时间+since+主语+did.” // “It was +段时间+since+主语+had done.” 例如:
①It is five years since he left here.“他已经离开这儿五年了”。
②It was five years since he left here.(同上)
(14)“It +谓语+段时间+before+主语+谓语”(before引导的是时间状语从句) 例如:
①It wasn’t long before the people in that country rose up.“没有多久那个国家的人民就起义了”
②It will be three hours before he comes back.“三个小时之后他才能回来”
(15)“It is +形容词+for+ sb.+ to do.” 例如:
It is impossible for me to finish this work before tomorrow. “我明天之前完成此工作是不可能的”
(16)“It is +(心理品质方面的)形容词+of + sb. +to do.”= “主语+ be +形容词+to do.”(常用的形容词有:kind, stupid; foolish, good, wise等) 例如:It is kind of you to help me. =You are kind to help me.“你真好给我提供了帮助”
2)定语从句中的有关句型:
(1)由as引导的非限定性的定语从句。例如:
As we have known, he is a most good student. “众所周知,他是个很好的学生”请比较:It is well-known that he is a most good student. (前一个是定语从句,而后者是个主语从句)
(2)由which引导的非限定性的定语从句。例如:
He is a professor, which I have been looking forward to becoming. “他是个教授,那是我一直盼望的职业”(因为先行词professor是表示职业的名词,因此引导词用which,而不用who。(注意:关于which和as之间的比较请看语法的定语从句部分。)
(3)由where, when引导的定语从句(其中包括限定性的或非限定性的)
例如:
①This is the house where I used to come.请比较:This is the house which / that I used to come to.
②This is the day when I joined the Party.请比较:This is the day which / that I joined the Party on.
[说明]:关于that与which之间的区别,请看语法中的定语从句。
3)让步状语从句中的有关句型:
“No matter what / which / who / where / when / whose+从句,+主句”(注意从句中的时态一般情况用一般现在时态) 例如:
①No matter what you do, you must do it well.请比较:Whatever you do, you must do it well. “无论你做什么,一定要做好”
②No matter where you go, please let me know.请比较:Wherever you go, please let me know. “你无论去哪儿,请通知我”
[说明]:这两种句型形式不同,而意义完全相同。
注意:I will tell whoever would like to read it.句中的whoever不能用whomever来代替,因为它作动词tell后面的宾语从句的主语。
4)条件状语从句的有关句型:
(1)“When / So long as / As long as / Once +从句,+主句”(从句也可以放在主句之后)例如:
①As long as you give me some money, I will let you go.“只要你给我一些钱,我就让你走”
②Once you have begun to learn English, you should learn it well. “一旦你开始学习英语,你应该把它学好”
(2)“主句+on condition that+从句” 例如:
I will go with you on condition that you give me some money. “我和你一起去的条件是你给我一些钱”
(3)“主句+unless+从句.”(注意:由于unless本身是否定词,所引导的从句的谓语动词用肯定) 例如:
I will go there tomorrow unless it rains. “我明天去那儿除非下雨”
(4)“祈使句,+and/ and then+主句”(注意:祈使句也可用一个名词短语) 例如:
①Use your head, and you will find a good idea.“动脑筋想一想,你就会想出一个好主意”
②Another word, and I will beat you.“你再说一句,我就揍你”
(5)“If +necessary / impossible/ important等,+主句” 例如:If necessary, I will do it. “如果有必要的话,我来做此事。”
5)原因状语从句的有关句型
(1)“主句+in case+从句”(in case表示以免) 例如:I will take my raincoat in case it rains.我要把雨衣带上以免下雨。
(2)“主句+due to / because of / owning to / + the fact that +从句” 例如:
He did not come to school because of the fact that he was ill. “由于他有病了,所以没有来上学”
6)时间状语从句中的有关句型
(1)“When / While / As +从句,+主句”(关于它们之间的区别请看语法) 例如:
When I was in the country, I used to carry some water for you. “当我在农村时,我常常给你打水”
(2)“主句+after / before +从句.” 例如:
①They hadn’t been married four months before they were devoiced.“他们绘结婚不到四个月就离婚了”
②We went home after we had finished the work.“我们做完此工作就回家了”
(3)“主语+肯定谓语+until+从句(或时间)” // “主语+否定谓语+until+从句”
例如:
② I worked until he came back. “我一直工作到他回来”
②I didn’t worked until he came back.“他回来我才开始工作”
(4)“As soon as / Immediately / Directly / Instantly / The moment / The instant / The minute +从句,+主句.” 例如:My father went out immediately I got home. “我一到家,我父亲就出去了”
(5)“No sooner +had + 主语+done…than +主语+did.” // “主语+had + no sooner +done…than +主语+did.” 例如:
①No sooner had I got to Beijing than I called you.“我一到北京就给你打电话了”
②I had no sooner got to Beijing than I called you. (同上)
(6)“Hardly +had +主语+done…when / before + 主语+did.” // “主语+had +hardly + done…when / before +主语+did.” 例如:
①Hardly had she had supper when she went out. “她一吃完晚饭就出去了”
②She had hardly had supper when she went out. (同上)
(7)“By the time+从句,+主句.”(注意时态的变化) 例如:
①By the time you came back, I had finished this book.“到你回来时,我已经写完了这本书”
②By the time you come back, I will have finished this book.“到你回来时,我将写完这本书”
(8)“each / every time +从句,+主句.”(这时相当于whenever 或no matter when引导的从句。从句也可放在主句之后) 例如:Each time he comes to Harbin, he always drops in on me. “每当他来哈尔滨,总是随便来看看我”
7)地点状语从句的有关句型:
(1)“Where +从句,+主句.” 例如:
Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible. “哪里没有雨水,种庄稼是很难的或者是不可能的”
(2)“Anywhere / wherever+从句,+主句.” 例如:
①Anywhere I go, my wife goes too.“无论我去哪儿,我的妻子也去哪儿”
②I will go wherever you suggest.“你建议我去哪儿,我就去哪儿 ”
8)目的状语从句的有关句型:
(1)“主句+in order that / so that +从句.” 例如:
I got up early in order that I could catch the first bus. “我起得很早,以便能赶上早班车”
(2)“主句+for+sb. +to do.”(注意动词不定式复合结构在这儿作目的状语) 例如:
He came here for me to work out this problem. “他来这儿叫我帮他解出这道难题 ”
9)结果状语从句的有关句型:
(1)“主句+so that+从句.” 例如:It was very cold, so that the river froze. “天气很冷,因此河水结冰了”
(2)“So+形容词/ 副词+特定动词+主语+…+that+从句.” 例如:
So interesting is this book that I would like to read it again. “这本书那么有趣,我想再读一遍”
(3)“主语+谓语+such+名词+that+从句.” 例如:
He made such rapid progress that he was praised by the teacher. “他进步很快,老师表扬了他”
(4)“Such was + 主语+that +从句.”(这是个完全倒装句) 例如:
Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken. “爆炸力这么大,所有的窗户都被震碎了”
10)比较状语从句的有关句型:
(1)“The +形容词比较级……,(主句)the +形容词比较级+……” 例如:
The sooner you do it, the better it will be. “越早越好”
(2)“主语+谓语+as +形容词原级+as +被比较的对象.” 例如:
He is as busy as a bee. “他非常忙”
(3)“主语+谓语+the+形容词比较级+of / between …” 例如:
He is the taller of the two. “他们俩人中他高”
(4)“主语+谓语+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+被比较的对象.” 例如:
This room is three times as large as that one. “这个房间是那个房间的三倍大”(这个房间比那个房间大两倍。)
(5)“主语+谓语+百分数/倍数+形容词比较级+than+被比较的对象.” 例如:
①This city is twice larger than ours.“这个城市比我们城市大两倍”
②The early rice output in that commune was 200% more than that of 2000.“那个公社的早稻产量是2000年的两倍”
(6)“主语+谓语+the size / length/ width/ height +of +被比较的对象.” 例如:
Our building is twice the height of yours. “我们的大楼比你们的高两倍”
11)其它句型
(1)“It doesn’t matter wh-+从句” 例如:
①It doesn’t matter to me what you will do tomorrow.“你明天做什么与我无关”
②It doesn’t matter whether you will come or not.“你来不来无关紧要”
(2)“形容词/ 副词 / 名词(可数单数)+as / though +主语+谓语,+主句.” 例如:
①Young as he is, he knows a lot.“虽然他很小,但他知道得很多”
②Hard he works, I am sure that he can’t pass this exam.“虽然他学习很努力,这次考试他肯定不能及格”
③Child as he is, he knows a lot.“虽然他是个孩子,但他懂得很多”
(3)“Were / Should / Had +主语+谓语,+主句.” 例如
Were I you, I would have gone there yesterday. “如果我是你的话,昨天我就去那儿了”
(4)“Only +状语+特定动词+主语+谓语…” 例如:
①Only by this means can I do this work well.“只有用那种方式我才能做好此工作”
②Only because he was ill did he not come to school.“只因为他有病了才没有来上学”
③Only then did I realize that I had been wrong.“只有那时,我才认识到我错了”
(5)“Not only +特定动词+主语+谓语…but also+主语+谓语…” 例如:
Not only did he learn English well but also, he spoke French very well. “他不但英语学得好,而且法语讲得很流利”
(6)whether…or…, neither…nor…, either…or…
(7)“主语+doubt+whether + 从句.”// “主语+特定否定词+doubt+that+从句.”
例如:I don’t doubt that he will come this afternoon. “我确信他下午一定能来” w
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