高中英语人教版 (新课标)选修9&10Unit 4 Learning effectively习题

Unit 4 Reading 词汇汇总

1. date back to 追溯到， 后接点时间，在句中做谓语时， 常用一般现在时， 无被动态。＝ date from

 date back 意为“追溯; 存在”， 后接“段时间”

eg. The Great Wall of China dates back to the third century B.C.

   The beautiful folk legend dates back more than 300 years.

2. scale

n. 1)磅秤；天平盘

    a pair of scales  一台天平

    a spring scale  弹簧秤

    weigh sth. In the scale 用秤称

2) 规模； 程度； 范围（与on 连用）on a large/ big/ vast / grand scale

3. conflict n.(c.或 u.)  / vi. 斗争

 Eg. 1) Some people feel there is a great deal of ~ between religion and science.

2)The two parties have been in ~ since the election. .

     3) Do British law ~with any international laws?

4. tight adj. 紧的； 紧密的

  a ~ knot  打的紧紧的结

 a ~ rope  绷紧的绳索

a ~ ship  不漏水的船

My shoes are too ~

5. seal n. 1) 海豹 2）封口； 封条

     vt. 封闭

 eg. ~ an envelop

My lips are sealed, I won’t tell you. 我现在守口如瓶， 不会告诉你的。

6. appeal to(prep.) sb. 对……有吸引力

  appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁

  appeal to sb. to do sth. 呼吁某人做某事

eg. This idea ~ed to his father.

   We are ~ing to the government for food and clothes.

   The government is ~ing everyone to save the water.

7. attach sth. to (prep.) 把…… 系在……上

  attach to 与…… 有联系

attach importance/ significance

 / value/ weight … to sth. 认为……有重要性(意义,价值, 分量)

be attached to 爱慕…… 依恋……; 附属于……

Eg.1)Please ~ this label to the bottle.

   2) Do you live in a bedroom with a bathroom attached?

  3) This institute is ~ed to the University of Texas. 这个研究所附属于得州大学.

4) I am very much ~ed to that old car.

 5) Most people attach great importance to their children’s education.

8. distant adj. 远的  a ~ relative

  distance n. 远方; 距离

            in the distance

            at a distance

            keep sb. at a ~ (对某人)   保持距离

9. fluency n. 流利

  fluent  adj. 流利的

  flu   n. 流感

 speak English with fluency

 speak fluent English

10. botany  (u. n. )  植物学

Botany Bay 植物湾

   botanist  (c.n.)  植物学家

  botanical  adj.  植物学的

~garden  植物园

11. beard  n. 下巴上的胡须

wear a ~  留胡须

  mustache n. 唇上的胡须

  whiskers  n. 脸颊的胡子

Warming –up and reading

1. adapt to

adapt (oneself) to

be adapted to

eg. Our eyes slowly adapted to the dark.

We adapted ourselves to the hot weather.

2. Sb. be familiar with sth.

  Sth. be familiar to sb.

Eg. He is familiar with the plant’s names.=  The plant’s names are familiar to him.

3. 比较：far away,    far-away,

far away from   far from

1)                 far away 作表语或状语； away 可以省去； 也可作后至定语。

2)                 far-away 作前至定语

3)                 far away from 只表距离， away 可省去。

4)                 far from 除表距离外， 还有“远远不， 完全不， 并非”之意， 后接名词， 动名词或形容词

  eg. They don’t live far(away).

     They live at a far-away place.

     The school is far(away) from my house.

I am far from ( being) happy in my present job. 一点也不满意

――Are you cold?

---- Far from it! 怎么会（反而有点热）

4. as  作关系代词

  Eg. He was a foreigner, as I knew from his accent.

      Don’t read such books as you don’t understand.

     As is known to all, China is stronger and stronger.

5. times  1） 时代   in modern times/ fall behind times

        2) 境况， 日子， 时势 Times have been good since 1980.

        3) 倍数， 次数

6. bring back / up/ in / about/ ~ sb. back to life

7. send away 把……送往别处, 解雇, 打发走

  Eg. He sent his son away to school in Germany.

 send up / for/ off = see off / out (发送, 发出)

8. opportunity  (C; U) 机会; 良机

  have an ~ to do sth./ doing sth.

  catch/ seize/ take an ~

  give/ offer an ~

比较: opportunity/ chance

 Opportunity 多指特殊的机会, 含期待的意味, 而chance多指偶然的机会, 含侥幸之意; 有时可互换. 但chance 还可表可能性

 Eg. There is a chance that he may be alive.

9. introduce A to B 把A 介绍给B

  Introduce oneself

  Introduce … into/ in sp.  把某物引进某地

10. purpose:

   on purpose

   with the purpose of 

   for the purpose of

   What’s the purpose of doing sth?

   to the purpose 中肯地

11. ruin vt. 毁灭; 毁坏 + 宾语   n. (C.) 废墟’ 遗迹 复数加 s

      (U.) 毁坏, 破坏

 Eg. She poured water all over my painting and ~ed it.

  We saw the ~s of the church.

  Drink led to his ~. 酗酒把他毁了.

短语: in ruins 成为废墟  / go into ruin/ come into ruin(毁灭) /ruin one’s hope

Reading 2

12.over time 经过一段时间

Eg. Can you stay over Sunday?

13. reward n. 报酬,报答, 奖赏

         Vt. 奖赏,酬劳

Eg. She got nothing in ~ for his kindness.

    He got a ~ of $ 500.

    I shall ~ him for his device.

    His labor were ~ed with good fruit.他的努力获得了美好的成果.

14. pass on to 传递

   Eg. Read the letter and pass it on to him.

  pass away 去世  pass by

15. 合成词:

   long- tongued / light-colored / tube-shaped /