人教版 (新课标)选修7&8选修8Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors当堂检测题

Unit 5　Section Ⅰ

Ⅰ．单词拼写

1．I have no a________ but to report him to the police．

2．Now there are still some people dying of ________ (饿死)．

3．Do you have a________ money for the journey?

4．Sorry to i________ you．Can you tell me the time?

5．Let's a__________ what he said is true．

6．The necklace was well ________ (保存)．

7．The ________ (植物学的) analyses have showed us that it used to be a lake．

8．The living conditions in the camp were pretty ________ (原始的)．

9．B________ is scientific study of plants and their structure．

10．C________ is a class or group of things in a complete system of grouping．

答案：1．alternative　2．starvation　3．ample　4．interrupt　5．assume　6．preserved　7．botanical　8．primitive　9．Botany　10．Category

Ⅱ．用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空

show... round； as well as； regardless of； keep out； at most； cut up； be made of； an amount of； keep... waiting； care about

1．John was________about his failure to beat Mary．

2．The work will be completed within four hours________．

3．After class，Lily and Xiao Yang________Tom________the college．

4．You cannot expect her to do the housework________look after the children．

5．The fence________posts joined together with wire．

6．She spent________money on clothes yesterday．

7．The headmaster________me________for two hours last time．

8．The boss only________money．

9．The laws apply to everyone________race, creed (宗教信条) or colour．

10．In our country people have to wear the thickest jacket to________the cold in winter．

答案：1．cut up　2．at most　3．showed；round　4．as well as　5．is made of　6．an amount of　7．kept; waiting　8．cares about　9．regardless of　10．keep out

Ⅲ．根据课文内容用所给短语的适当形式填空

When 1．________ the Zhoukoudian caves, the students became aware of the fact that the Zhoukoudian primitive people were one of the earliest people in the world．The evidence of the six­metre ash suggested that they could 2．________ to 3．________ as well as to bake meat and 4．________ wild animals, and it was also  the  evidence  that  they  lived  in  the  caves, 5．________  the  cold． When  shown  the  needle 6．________  three centimetres long, they realized that the primitive people could sew clothes from animal skins, and this also proved that they could make stone tools to 7．________ animals and remove the fat and meat from the skin．Interestingly, the necklace suggested that the ancient people also 8．________  their appearance．

答案：1．shown around　2．make fires　3．keep warm　4．scare away　5．regardless of　6．at most　7．cut up　8．cared about

Ⅳ．阅读理解

A

The Black Death

A terrible disease swept through Europe in the late 1340s．Called the Black Death, it got its name from the black lumps (肿块) that it caused on a sick person's skin． The bacteria that causes the disease are spread to humans by fleas(跳蚤) that have bitten infected rats．With all the rats in the crowded towns and cities of Europe, the disease spread fast．Two­thirds of those who caught the disease died．The Italian writer Boccaccio said that the disease spread “like a fire through dry grass”．

No one knew how to stop this terrible new disease．Most people were afraid even to visit the sick．In just three years, one out of every three people in Europe died．Then, suddenly, around 1351, the disease seemed to disappear．But it returned—in 1363, again in 1369, and on many more occasions for the next three hundred years．

The great flu epidemic(流行病)

As World War I drew to a close, a new threat arose．In March of 1918, hundreds of U．S．soldiers at Fort Riley, Kansas, fell ill with influenza，or flu．About one in nine ill soldiers died．Though many people died, the public did not take notice．The dangers soldiers faced on the front in Europe seemed to go beyond this illness．Soon, soldiers from Fort Riley joined the Allied forces (the countries that fought with Britain, the U．S．etc in World War I) in Europe．Within months, the illness had spread throughout Europe, killing millions of people．

In September, as soldiers began to return home, the illness attacked the U．S．public．People died within hours of falling ill．To stop the spread of the disease, the government limited gatherings and travel．They forbade stores from having sales．They even limited funerals (葬礼) to fifteen minutes．But the flu took the lives of more than a half­million Americans, ten times as many as had died in the war．Worldwide, the epidemic lasted from 1918 to 1920, killing between twenty and forty million people．

文章大意：文章回顾了人类历史上两次重大的疫情。

1．The author used Boccaccio's words in the first paragraph  in  order  to  make  the  passage________．

A．better­known B．better­organized

C．more convincing  D．more interesting

答案：C　写作手法题。薄伽丘说，黑死病的传播像火掠过干草一样。作者引用这句话可以使文章更真实可信。

2．Which of the following shows the spread of the Black Death?

A．The bacteria→fleas→rats→humans．

B．The bacteria→rats→fleas→humans．

C．Fleas→the bacteria→rats→humans．

D．Rats→fleas→the bacteria→humans．

答案：B　细节理解题。根据第一段的The bacteria that causes the disease are spread to humans by fleas that have bitten infected rats可知，黑死病的传播是这样的：跳蚤咬了已经感染黑死病的老鼠之后，把病菌传播给人类。

3．What was Americans' attitude towards the flu from Fort Riley at first?

A．They paid no attention to it．

B．They believed it was terrible．

C．They tried their best to prevent it．

D．They thought it was worse than war．

答案：A　细节理解题。由第三段的the public did not take notice可知，一开始这场流感并没有引起美国人的注意。

4．What can we learn about the two epidemics mentioned in the passage?

A．Both epidemics first broke out in Europe．

B．Both epidemics spread fast in the countryside．

C．The great flu epidemic mainly killed soldiers．

D．The Black Death epidemic lasted much longer．

答案：D　细节理解题。由第二段的But it returned．．．for the next three hundred years和最后一段的the epidemic lasted from 1918 to 1920可知，黑死病曾经反复出现，流行的时间很长。

B

During the American Civil War, by the summer of 1863, the Union of the northern states was attacking the Confederacy (美国南部邦联) of the southern states from all sides．Thanks to General Grant's leadership, the Union controlled all of the Mississippi River except Vicksburg, Mississippi，which was surrounded．

Confederate General Robert Edward Lee knew that he must do something to draw Union forces away from the South．If Lee could get control of a northern city, Grant might take troops away from Vicksburg to fight Lee's army．So, Lee led 75,000 men into Pennsylvania, a state in the northeastern US．On July 1, 1863, just outside Gettysburg in southern Pennsylvania, the Confederates were surprised to find Union soldiers．

With the advantage of being on hilltops, there were 90,000 Union troops against Lee's．For two days, Lee attacked again and again but failed．Finally, on the afternoon of July 3, the Union suddenly held their fire．It was a trick．Lee ordered 15,000 men to make one major attack, led by George Pickett．But nearly half of the Confederate Soldiers who took part in it were killed．When Pickett and his surviving troops returned to the Confederate lines, General Lee asked Pickett to gather his troops and prepare for a possible Union attack．“General Lee，” replied Pickett, “I have no troops．”

The next day, July 4, 1863, Lee expected Union troops to attack him, but an attack never came．That night, Lee began the long withdrawal back to Virginia．Earlier in the day, a thousand miles away, the Confederate fort(要塞) at Vicksburg, Mississippi, fell, and the entire Mississippi River was under Union control．

At the Battle of Gettysburg, each side had over 20,000 soldiers killed or injured．But the battle was a turning point in the war：although there were many months of fighting ahead, the Union could see the possibility of victory．Four months later, President Lincoln gave a speech in Gettysburg to honor the Union's fallen soldiers．The Gettysburg Address, as we call it, is one of the most famous speeches in American history．

文章大意：文章介绍了葛底斯堡战役。

5．Lee led his soldiers into Pennsylvania in order to________．

A．control Vicksburg　　 B．attack Gettysburg

C．find Grant's army  D．avoid conflicts

答案：A　推理判断题。由第一段内容和第二段的Lee knew that．．．from the South．If Lee could．．．fight Led's army可知，北方军包围了维克斯堡，南方军首领李希望通过袭击北方城市的办法吸引北军的兵力，从而解除维克斯堡的危机。

6．By saying “I have no troops” in Paragraph 3，Pickett implied that________．

A．Lee had a bad memory

B．he became afraid of war

C．his army suffered heavy losses

D．the Union wouldn't attack them again

答案：C　句意理解题。由第三段的But nearly half of the Confederate soldiers who took part in it were killed可知，皮克特的部队损失惨重，因此他告诉李：他没有军队了。

7．Choose the correct statements from the following according to the passage．

a．Over 40,000 soldiers were killed or injured in the Battle of Gettysburg．

b．90,000 Confederate soldiers went into the Battle of Gettysburg．

c．The Confederacy was defeated by the Union in the battle．

d．About 7,500 Confederate soldiers died on July 3, 1863．

e．The Battle of Gettysburg lasted for about five days．

A．b, c, d  B．a, d, e

C．c, d, e  D．a, c, d

答案：D　细节理解题。由最后一段的each side had over 20,000 soldiers killed or injured可知a项正确。由第四段可知，北方取得了胜利，c项正确。由第三段的Lee ordered 15,000 men．．．George Pickett．But nearly half．．．were killed可知d项正确。故选D。

8．What would be the best title for the passage?

A．Grant's mean trick B．The Gettysburg Address

C．The Battle of Gettysburg D．Lee's outstanding leadership

答案：C　标题归纳题。本文回顾了美国南北战争中的一次关键而惨烈的战役——葛底斯堡战役。

Ⅴ．七选五

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

__1__    People use money to buy food, furniture, books, bicycles and hundreds of other things they need or want．When they work, they usually get paid in money．

Most of the money today is made of metal or paper．  __2__ One of the first kinds of money was shells．Shells were not the only things used as money．In China, cloth and knives were used．In the Philippine Islands, rice was used as money for a long time．Elephant tusks, monkey tails and salt were used as money in parts of Africa．

The first metal coins were made in China．They were round and had a square hole in the centre． __3__  Different countries have used different metals and designs for their money．  __4__    Sweden and Russia used copper (铜) to make their money．Later some countries began to make coins of gold and silver．

But even gold and silver were inconvenient if you had to buy something expensive．Again the Chinese thought of a way to improve money．  __5__   The first paper money looked more like a note from one person to another than the paper money used today．

Money has had an interesting history from the days of shell money until today．

A．The first coins in England were made of tin (锡)．

B．But people used to use all kinds of things as money．

C．No one knows for certain when people began to use money．

D．People strung (串连) them together and carried them from place to place．

E．Money, as we know, is all made of paper．

F．They began to use paper money．

G．Today anyone will accept money in exchange for goods and services．

1．__________　2．__________　3．__________　4．__________　5．__________

答案：

1．G　主题句；从后面的句子：People use money to buy food, furniture, books, bicycles and hundreds of other things they need or want．可知人们可以用钱作为食品、服务的交换。选G。

2．B　从后面举的例子：One of the first kinds of money was shells．可知人们用各种各样的东西做为钱币。选B。

3．D　从前面的句子：They were round and had a square hole in the centre．可知人们把钱穿在一起，便于携带。选D。

4．A　从前面的总结语：Different countries have used different metals and designs for their money．可知选A，英国的第一批硬币是锡做的。

5．F　从后面的句子：The first paper money looked more like a note from one person to another than the paper money used today．他们开始使用纸币。可知选F。