高中英语人教版 (新课标)选修7&8Unit 1 A land of diversity当堂检测题

Unit 1　Section Ⅲ

Ⅰ．单词拼写

1．Some people find the idea of relativity difficult to g____．

2．The rural r____ has achieved good results，and there has been a noticeable change in the countryside．

3．Don't let a chance like that s____through your fingers！

4．My uncle h____ two people to help him at harvest time last autumn．

5．The________(当局) finally disclosed(透露)the truth to the press．

6．It was becoming________(明显的) to me that she didn't like me．

7．A ________(行李) office is a place where bags can be left for a short time，especially at a railway station．

8．I have no job and________(无处) to live．

9．Statistics________(表明) that the environmental pollution has become more and more serious．

10．No one can escape________(惩罚) if he breaks law．

答案：1．grasp　2．reform　3．slip　4．hired　5．authorities　6．apparent　7．luggage　8．nowhere　9．indicate　10．punishment

Ⅱ．完成句子

根据相关的汉语提示，完成下列句子。每空仅限一个单词。

1．他直接前往巴黎，未在任何地方停留过。

He ________ ________to Paris without stopping anywhere．

2．当潜水者去探险时，他们就开始进入了一个全新的领域。

 The divers enter into a whole new world when they ______ ________．

3．在中国，BBC电台已和新浪网联手给英语学习者提供类似的学习机会，使他们即使在上班途中也能学习英语。

In China，the BBC has ________ ________with Sina．com to provide English learners with similar opportunities________ ________they can learn English while traveling to work．

4．他们用白漆把网球场地画了出来。

They________ ________the tennis court with white paint．

5．我的酒店在哪里？我该走哪条路呢？

Where is my hotel？ Which is______ ________ ________ ________？

6．你的谎言骗不了我。

 I am not to be________ ________by your lies．

7．你对本市的各地都已经很了解了吗？

Do you have________ ________ ________ ________where everything is in town？

8．我们上星期才搬的家，还没安顿下来呢。

We only moved house last week and we haven't________ ________yet．

9．她已和许多人一起申请参加训练。

________ ________ ________many others，she______ ________a training place．

10．请等一等就轮到为您服务了。

Please wait until______ ________ ________ ________to be served．

答案：1．went straight　2．go exploring　3．teamed up； so that

4．marked out　5．the way to go　6．taken in　7．a good idea of

8．settled in　9．In common with； applied for　10．it is your turn

Ⅲ．用所给词的适当形式填空

1．Mr Liu is a supporter of________；he is totally a________．(social)

2．He________the children for their carelessness and the________was too severe． (punish)

3．________，she took no notice of the________mistakes in the accident． (apparent)

4．He________that I should give him some________of how I did in the test． (indicate)

5．All the________can________in person or by letter and at the same time should hand in their________before May 5th．(apply)

答案：1．socialism；socialist　2．punished；punishment　3．Apparently；apparent　4．indicated；indications　5．applicants；apply；applications

Ⅳ．阅读理解

The Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco，California is one of the world's most beautiful bridges． It is also one of the most visited places in the world． Vehicles (车辆)cross the bridge an average of 41 million times each year． More than 1,800  hundred million vehicles have used the bridge since it opened more than 70 years ago．

The bridge was painted“International Orange”because  that color went well with the natural surroundings． The color also is easier to see in the heavy fog that often covers the area． But the Golden Gate Bridge was not named for its orange color． It was named for the body of water that it crosses，the Golden Gate Strait．

The Golden Gate Strait is the entrance to the San Francisco Bay from the Pacific Ocean． The Golden Gate Bridge links the city of San Francisco with Marin County，California．

Planning for the bridge began in the 1920s when the area around San Francisco was growing． People living in the area needed another way to get to the city besides small ferries(渡船)．

Joseph Strauss was the chief engineer for the project．Work began in 1934． Mr． Strauss demanded the strongest safety protections in the history of bridge building． These included the first use of“hard hats”to protect the workers' heads and special glasses to protect their eyes．

 A special safety net was suspended (挂)under the bridge． This net saved the lives of 19 men during the construction． However，11 other workers were killed when they fell from the bridge through the net． Still，this was a new safety record for the time．

The Golden Gate Bridge opened in 1937． It extends 1,280 meters across the water． The total length is 2,737 meters． It was the largest suspension bridge (吊桥)in the world until 1964． That is when the Verrazano Narrows Bridge opened in New York City． Today，the Golden Gate Bridge is the ninth longest suspension bridge in the world．

1．The Golden Gate Bridge was named after________．

A．the local climate　　　　 B．the color of a paint

C．the strait it crosses          D．its natural surroundings

答案：C　细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句可知金门桥得名于这座桥跨越的海峡——金门海峡。

2．How did people cross the Golden Gate Strait before the bridge was built？

A．By plane．                  B．By boat．

C．By road．                    D．By train．

答案：B　细节理解题。根据第四段的最后一句可知，在金门桥修建之前，人们乘渡船通过金门海峡。

3．What do we know about Joseph Strauss？

A．He attached importance to the workers' safety．

B．His safety measures were not of practical value．

C．He built the first suspension bridge in the world．

D．He demanded strong measures to ensure the safety of the bridge．

答案：A　推理判断题。根据文章的第五、第六段可知，负责修建金门桥的工程师约瑟夫·施特劳斯非常注重保护建筑工人的安全，他采取了一些有效措施确保工人的安全。

4．The passage is written to________．

A．invite readers to San Francisco

B．introduce the Golden Gate Bridge

C．describe how the Golden Gate Bridge was built

D．tell the story of an engineer called Joseph Strauss

答案：B　推理判断题。本文的写作目的是向读者介绍美国旧金山的金门桥：包括桥上的车流量、名字的由来、修建的原因、修建的过程等内容。

Ⅴ．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Making decisions on your own is hard enough，but when other people get involved and try to pressure you one way or another it can be even__1__(hard)． People who are your age，like your__2__，are called peers． When they try to influence how you act or to get you__3__(do)something，it's called peer pressure． It's something everyone has to deal with—even adults．

Peers influence your life just by spending time with you，even__4__you don't realize it．It's only human nature to listen to and learn from other people in your age group． Peers can have a positive influence__5__each other． Maybe you got others excited about your new favorite book，and now everyone's reading it．

But sometimes peers influence each other in negative ways． Even if you're__6__(face)with peer pressure while you're alone，there are still things you can do． If you continue to face peer pressure and you're finding__7__difficult to handle，talk to someone you trust．__8__(talk) to a parent，teacher or school counselor can help you feel__9__better． Peer pressure is not always a bad thing． If enough kids get together，peers can pressure each other into doing__10__is right．

1．______ 2．______ 3．______ 4．______ 5．______

6．______ 7．______ 8．______ 9．______ 10．______

文章大意：本文主要介绍了同辈人之间的压力问题。

答案：

1．harder　根据上下文语境可知，上句中有hard enough，而本空前有even这个副词，故可推知此处应用比较级，表示“更难”之意。

2．classmates　根据上下文语境可知，文章针对的应该是学生，故此处填classmates。

3．to do　短语get sb to do sth意为“让某人做某事”。

4．though/if　句意：同龄人仅仅通过和你在一起就能影响你的生活，即使你没有意识到它。even though/if意思是“即使”。

5．on　短语have a positive influence on sb意思是“对某人有积极的影响”，符合语境。

6．faced　短语be faced with意思是“面临”。

7．it　根据上下文语境可知，此处使用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语为to handle。

8．Talking　根据句子结构可知，此处为动名词短语作主语。

9．much/even　根据后面的better可知，此处需要能修饰比较级的副词。

10．what　句意：同龄人相互施压可以使大家都做正确的事情。及物动词do后面应接宾语，后面的从句缺少主语，故应用what。

Ⅵ．七选五

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

The First Americans

There was a time long ago when a land bridge connected Asia and North America．The first settlers in North America crossed this land bridge from what is now Siberia to Alaska．The people who made this initial crossing were probably following the animals they used for food．

Finally，the oceans rose and the land bridge between the continents disappeared．The settlers，who I shall call the “First Americans”，could not return to their homeland．  __1__

For the next few thousand years，the First Americans moved south and east throughout North and South America．They made the journey all the way from Alaska to the southern tip of South America，a distance of more than 10,000 miles．    __2__

In the far north，above the Arctic Circle，the First Americans became hunters of the ocean．  __3__  In the summer，they gathered berries and other plants．In the winter，they stayed in lodges much of the time preparing for the next summer．It was a hard life，but they learned to survive in these terrible conditions．

Farther south，in what is now Arizona，Utah，Colorado，and New Mexico，the First Americans became cliff dwellers．They began by living in caves that already existed in the cliffs．  __4__  The dwellings they built in many ways resembled today's apartment buildings．

__5__    They built a system of dams and canals so they could store and use water almost any time of the year．They were so successful that they could raise fruits and vegetables that were not found naturally in the desert．

A．They also discovered foods like corn and potatoes．

B．Along the way，they established many different civilizations．

C．They discovered how to add to the caves by building structures of wood and stone．

D．People living near each other tended to share similar environments and customs．

E．They built boats of animal skins and hunted or fished for their food．

F．They would have to survive in the New World they had discovered．

G．The First Americans of the Southwest learned to water the desert．

1．__________　2．__________　3．__________

4．__________　5．__________

答案：

1．F　根据上句The settlers，who I shall call the “First Americans”，could not return to their homeland．说明他们无法回去了，那么不得不在这个新的世界幸存下来，故F项符合上下文。

2．B　根据上句They made the journey all the way from Alaska to the southern tip of South America，a distance of more than 10,000 miles．说明他们一直在迁移，在迁移的途中，建立了多种文明，故B项符合上下文。

3．E　根据上一句In the far north，above the Arctic Circle，the First Americans became hunters of the ocean说明他们求生的方法就是捕猎，故E项符合上下文。

4．C　根据上句They began by living in caves that already existed in the cliffs．说明是指他们生活的方式也发生了变化，故C项符合上下文。

5．G　根据下一句They built a system of dams and canals so they could store and use water almost any time of the year．说明他们学会了如何管理水源，故G项符合上下文。

Ⅶ．短文改错

阅读短文，文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1． 每处错误仅限1词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

When I was a child，I spent more than ten years learn the violin． Therefore，I couldn't understand “real music”． After I graduated at high school，a friend of mine suggested that we started to learn the guitar because we both thought it was cool． I will never forget the day on that we went to buy guitars in the guitar store． There I see a guitar player playing the guitar，which I really enjoyed． He became my the first guitar teacher． It took me such a long time choose a guitar among several wonderful model． Now the guitar is the most importantly part of my life and I practice it every day．

答案：

When I was a child，I spent more than ten years   the violin．  ，I couldn't understand “real music”． After I graduated   high school，a friend of mine suggested that we   to learn the guitar because we both thought it was cool． I will never forget the day on   we went to buy guitars in the guitar store． There I   a guitar player playing the guitar，which I really enjoyed． He became my the first guitar teacher． It took me such a long time  choose a guitar among several wonderful  ． Now the guitar is the most   part of my life and I practice it every day．