高中英语人教版 (新课标)必修5&选修6Unit 3 A healthy life随堂练习题

03 课后演练提能

[夯实·基础知识]

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1. It is________  (违法的) to drive when you are drunk.

答案：illegal

2. They found  themselves  in an________  (局促不安的)

situation.

答案：awkward

3. A judge must be free from________ (偏见)against anyone.

答案：prejudice

4. Reading and listening more can improve your ________  (理解力)．

答案：comprehension

5. Her________   (幸存) in the earthquake was shocking.

答案：survival

6. He________   (完美地) gave us a performance.

答案：perfectly

7. The________ (流感) is spreading quickly at present.

答案：flu

8. She used a________ (针) to sew the quilt.

答案：needle

9. There's a________  (雌的)  deer eating grass over there.

答案：female

10. The project is________ (进展) smoothly.

答案：progressing

Ⅱ.选词填空

in spite of， take risks， out of breath， a cure for， get into， rather than， make up one's mind， have no evidence of， make sure， that is to say

1. ________， men rule the world, but their mothers and wives rule them.

答案：That is to say

2. His life's work was centred in the search for ________the terrible disease.

答案：a cure for

3. I'll ________of the time of the flight.

答案：make sure

4. Even an experienced climber will________trouble.

答案：get into

5. I was________after running for the bus.

答案：out of breath

6. I can not________where to go for my holiday; I'm divided between Xi'an and Qingdao.

答案：make up my mind

7. You________your income.

答案：have no evidence of

8. Many people will not________in the stock market because of the threat of inflation.

答案：take risks

9. A good harvest was obtained________the drought.

答案：in spite of

10. It is better to express your anger，________bottle it up.

答案：rather than

Ⅲ. 单句语法填空(不多于3个单词)

1. Take an umbrella with you. You can't risk________(catch) in the rain.

答案：being caught　考查非谓语动词。句意：随身带把雨伞吧。你不能冒淋雨的危险。risk后接动名词而不跟不定式作宾语。be caught in被困于，遭遇。

2. So softly did he whisper________none but Jane heard what he said.

答案：that　考查so...that结构。句意：他如此温和地小声说话以至于除了简之外没有人听见他说了什么。so...that...引导结果状语从句时，如果so＋adj./adv.置于句首，主句要用部分倒装。

3. It is said that The Legend of Zhen Huan is________(like) to be a hit in America.

答案：likely　考查be likely to do结构。句意：据说《甄嬛传》有可能在美国大获成功。likely的主语可以是人，也可以是物，可用于sb./sth.be likely to do sth.结构。

4. [2013·宜昌高二检测]Equipped  with  the  latest  facilities, today's schools are quite different from________ of the past.

答案：those　考查代词辨析。句意：如今的学校配备了最新的教学设备，和过去的学校迥然不同了。代替的是同名但不是同一个内容的复数名词schools，用those。

5. [2014·陕西高考]I'd appreciate ________if you could let me know in  advance whether or not you will come.

答案：it　句意：假如你提前让我知道你是否会来，我将不胜感激。考查代词。I'd appreciate it if...属于固定句式，表示“假如……我将不胜感激”。

6. I have got into the habit of drinking a cup of water after________(get) up in the morning.

答案：getting　考查非谓语动词。句意：我已习惯了早晨起床后喝一杯水。after为介词，后加动名词作宾语。

7. [2013·温州高二检测]The fire made________difficult to rescue the people trapped under the ruins in the earthquake.

答案：it　考查it作形式宾语，动词不定式为真正的宾语。句意：大火使得去拯救在地震废墟下被困的人们更困难了。

8. [2013·厦门高二检测]________Julia will be able to get help from the rescue is not certain yet.

答案：Whether　考查whether的用法。句意：朱莉娅是否能够在营救中得到帮助，还确定不了。whether引导主语从句，放句首。

9. In________of the high price, demand for these cars is very high.

答案：spite　考查短语in spite of尽管。句意：尽管价格很高，但对这些汽车的需求仍旧很高。

10. Since he often travels on business, he has learned how to accustom himself ________sleeping in any place he can find.

答案：to　考查accustom的用法。句意：由于经常出差，他已经学会了怎样使自己习惯于在所能找到的任何地方睡觉。accustom oneself to表示“使自己习惯于”，其中的to为介词，后接名词、代词、v.－ing形式。

[提升·实战能力]

Ⅳ. 阅读理解

A

[2013·山西省康杰中学高二第一次月考]

Scientists in Canada say big ocean fish have almost disappeared  from the world since the start of industrial  fishing in the nineteen－fifties.  The scientists found that population  of large fish like tuna, swordfish and cod have dropped by ninety percent in the past fifty years.

The study took ten years. The researchers gathered records from fishing businesses and governments around the world. The magazine Nature published the findings.

The scientists say the common method called longline fishing is especially  damaging to populations of large fish. This method involves  many fishing lines connected to one boat. These wires can be close to one－hundred kilometers long. They hold thousands of sharp metal hooks to catch fish.

Longline fishing is especially common in the Japanese fishing industry. Records showed that Japanese boats used to catch about ten fish for every one－hundred hooks. The study says longline fishing boats now might catch one fish per hundred hooks.

The scientists say industrial fishing can destroy  groups of fish much faster than in the past. The study suggests that whole populations can disappear almost completely from new fishing areas within ten to fifteen years.

Ransom Myers of Dalhousie University in Nova Scotia led the study with Boris Worm of Dalhousie and the University of Kiel in Germany. Mister Worm says the destruction  could lead to a complete re－organization of ocean life systems. Mister Meyers says the decreased  number of large fish is not the only worry.  He says even populations that are able to reproduce do not get the chance to live long enough to grow as big as their ancestors (祖先).    He  says not only are there fewer big fish, they are smaller than those of the past.

 American government scientists say even with the best efforts to protect fish populations, decreases are to be expected.

文章主要讨论的就是大型鱼类消失的原因。

1. Where is the passage probably taken from?

A. A story book.　　　　　 B. A business magazine.

C. An environment report.   D. An economic survey.

答案：C　推理判断题。本文是关于海洋中大型鱼类越来越少，说明这是一个关于野生动物环境报告。

2. Which of the following shows the fact that the populations of large fish have dropped?

A. Today's “large fish” are smaller than those of the past.

B. Longline boats now might catch fewer fish every one－hundred hooks.

C. Fish even able to reproduce don't have the chance to live longer.

D. Japanese boats could catch about ten fish for every 100  hooks.

答案：D　细节理解题。根据第四段第二、三句．..Japanese boats used to catch about ten fish for every one－hundred hooks. The study says longline fishing boats now might catch one fish per hundred hooks.可知D正确。

3. What can be the best title?

A. Discoveries Canadian Scientists Have Made

B. Japanese Fishing Industry

C. Losses of Big Fish

D. Modern Fishing Methods

答案：C　主旨大意题。文章主要讨论的就是大型鱼类消失的原因，故C正确。

4. When did the researchers begin to survey the decreasing of large fish?

  A. In the 1960s.   　 B. In the 1970s.

  C. In the 1980s.              D. In the 1990s.

答案：D　推理判断题。根据第二段The study took ten years.离现在10多年，那么应该是在20世纪90年代开始的，故D正确。

B

Washington(Reuters)－People who drink two or more sweetened soft drinks a week have a much higher risk of pancreatic cancer(胰腺癌), an unusual but deadly  cancer, researchers reported on Monday.

People who drank mostly fruit juice instead of  sodas did not have the same risk, the study of 60,000 people in Singapore found.

Sugar may be to blame  but people who drink sweetened sodas regularly  often have other poor health habits, said Mark Pereira of the University of Minnesota, who led the study.

“The high levels of sugar in soft drinks may be increasing the level of insulin(胰岛素) in the body, which we think contributes to  pancreatic cancer cell's growth，”Pereira said in a statement.

Writing in the journal Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, Pereira and his colleagues said they followed 60,524 men and women in the Singapore Chinese Health Study for 14 years.

Over that time, 140 of the volunteers developed pancreatic cancer. Those who drank two or more sweetened soft drinks a week had an 87 percent higher risk of being among those who got pancreatic cancer.

Pereira said he believed the findings would apply elsewhere.

“Singapore is a wealthy  country with excellent health care. Favorite pastimes(消遣) are eating and shopping, so the findings should apply to  other Western countries，” he said.

But Susan Mayne of the Yale Cancer Center at Yale University in Connecticut was cautious.

 “Although this study found a risk , the finding was based  on  a relatively small number of cases and it remains unclear whether it  is  a  causal (因果的) connection   or  not.” said Mayne, who serves on the board of the journal, which is published by the American Association for Cancer Research.

Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest forms of cancer, with 230,000 cases globally. In the United States, 37,680 people are diagnosed with pancreatic cancer in a year and 34,290 die of it.

研究表明，含糖的软饮料可致癌。

5. According to the text, who is in control of the health study?

A. Mark Pereira.

B. Scientists from Singapore.

C. Researchers in Yale.

D. Susan Mayne.

答案：A　细节理解题。根据第三段后半部分内容可知这项健康研究的负责人是Mark Pereira。

6. We can infer from Pereira's words that________.

A. the health care in Singapore should be greatly improved

B. 2 soft drinks a day are considered harmful to health

C. 87 out of 140 volunteers developed pancreatic cancer

D. sugar might not be the only cause of pancreatic cancer

答案：D　推理判断题。第三段中Pereira提到糖分也许应该受到责备，但那些喝甜软饮料的人通常有其他不健康的习惯，故可推断D项正确。

7. How does Susan seem to feel about the findings of the  study?

A. Satisfied.   B. Doubtful.

C. Worried.   D. Hopeful.

答案：B　推理判断题。倒数第三段中提到耶鲁大学癌症中心的Susan Mayne对此非常谨慎，倒数第二段接着讲述了她对比的看法，由此可推断此人对这项研究发现持“怀疑”态度。

8. Which of the following statements is true?

A. People who drank mostly sodas did not have the same risk of pancreatic cancer.

B. The high levels of sugar in soft drinks may contribute to pancreatic cancer cell's growth.

C. Those who drank two or more sweetened soft drinks a  week had a lower risk of being among those who got  pancreatic cancer.

D. Pancreatic cancer is one of the cancers that easily cause death.

答案：B　由第四段第一句可知B项正确。

Ⅴ.短文改错

I'm the captain of our school team, so with my fellow players we've won several games. There will an important game next month. But one of the best players in our team told me just then that he wouldn't play basketball once more. His parents asked him to spend in more time preparing the college entrance examination. I feel sorry to him but his parents think go to college is more important than playing sports. College was not the only place that his son should go to.

答案：

I'm the captain of our school team,  with my fellow players we've won several games. There will  an important game next month. But one of the best players in our team told me just  that he wouldn't play basketball  more. His parents asked him to spend  more time preparing  the college entrance examination. I feel sorry  him but his parents think  to college is more important than playing sports. College  not the only place that  son should go to.