高考英语复习课件：高中语法8大重点语法项目速通 2.情态动词

这是一份高考英语复习课件：高中语法8大重点语法项目速通 2.情态动词，共47页。PPT课件主要包含了cancould，can，Can，Could，could，canmay，can’t，Attention，maymight，shall等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Jack—I have gd news fr yu!Rse—What?Jack—The educatinal department has carried ut rules t reduce students' t much study lad. Rse—Really? If s, I dn’t have t stay up late t d s much hmewrk and my mm may allw me t play cmputer games.Jack—The best thing I think is that I can have mre spare time t take exercise after class.Rse—Sure. By the way, wh is yur favrite sprts star?Jack—Liu Xiang, I shuld say.Rse—Tell me smething abut him.Jack—Well, maybe I can shw yu sme phts.
一. We use mdal verbs t talk abut:
1. Ability （能力）2. Obligatin （义务）3. Certainty （可能性）4. Permissin （允许）
二.We als use mdal verbs t:
5. Make requests（提出请求）6. Make suggestins（提出建议）7. Make ffers（提供帮助）8. Give advice（提出意见）
1.Ability (能力):
Liu Xiang can run the 110m hurdle race within 13 secnds.
1. can 一般表示与生俱来的能力或者一种客观可能性,还可以表示请求和允许 。
Learning English _____ be difficult.
Man can nt live withut air.
_______ I use yur bike?
2.在疑问句中，用culd可表示请求，语气较委婉。
— ____I have the televisin n?— Yes, yu _____. / N, yu _____
He asks if he ____ smke here.
can’t/I’m afraid nt
3.表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度。（主要用在否定句、疑问句或惊叹句中）
He’s such a nice persn that he ______ cmmit the crime.
你怎么会如此地粗心！
Hw can yu be s careless!
Can this be true?
4. can never/can’t……t表示“无论怎样…也不过分”，“越…越好” 。
你过马路的时候再小心也不为过。
Yu can’t be t careful while crssing the rad.
can/be able t区别:
Edisn always wndered why hens culd hatch (孵) chickens while he was nt able t.
Questin: Are the tw mdal verbs interchangeable (互换) ? If nt, why?
can表示与生俱来的能力或一种客观可能，而be able t更加强调通过后天的学习和努力获得的能力，或者在某个客观的场合和背景下，能做到的事情。
A big fire brke ut in ABC htel yesterday. Luckily, everyne __________ run ut f the building.
2. She _____ speak bth English and French.
I’m s tired! I have t d the training fr at least 10 hurs a day!
2.Obligatin (义务):
…yet he must wrk hard t win the gld medal.
Althugh Liu Xiang is s gifted in hurdle race…
advisability
ught t/shuld
Yur mther brings yu up and takes gd care f yu, s when she is ld, yu ___ lk after her in return.
A.can B.may C.have t D.must
Shi Dngpeng might win a medal at the Olympic Games.
Althugh the chance f winning a medal is small, I’ll try my best!
3.Certainty (可能性) :
very uncertain
almst certain
1.He _____ be at hme.
2.He _____ be at hme, fr he just called me frm his hme 15 secnds ag.
A.may B.might C.must
must 表示肯定的猜测，译为“一定”，不能用于否定句或疑问句。This must be yur pen.He must be ding his hmewrk nw.He must have arrived already.
2. 表示“坚持”（常用于固定句型：if yu must d sth. 如果你非得要做某事）
如果你真的要走，那就悄悄离开。
If yu must leave, d it quietly.
—They___ be ding the experiment in the lab.—Why？—Because the lights are still burning.
A.culd B.can C.must D.wuld
4.Permissin (允许):
May I eat KFC if I win the gld medal?
1. 表示许可。表示请求、允许时，might比may的语气更委婉一些。
— Might/May I use yur cmputer? — Yes, yu can. /N, yu can’t/mustn’t.
2.用于祈使句中表示祝愿。
3.表示推测、可能（只用于肯定句，疑问句则要用can或culd）。
May yu succeed.
He may be very busy nw.
May yu be happy all yur life.
5.Making requests (提出要求):
Can yu help me with my training?
I dn’t knw hw t use this equipment!
will can culd wuld
6.Making suggestins (提出建议):
Shall we d the training in the mrning?
It’s t ht t take exercise in the afternn.
1.Shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见、向对方请示或提供帮助 。
1.Shall we begin ur lessn? 2.When shall he be allwed t leave hspital? 3.Shall I carry this bag fr yu?
2.Shall用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。
Yu shall fail if yu dn‘t wrk harder. He shall be punished accrding t the rule. 等我读完这本书，就会给他的。
He shall have the bk when I finish it.
7.Making ffers (提供帮助):
Dn’t wrry, dear, I will wash them right away.
Mm, my dirty clthes have been piled up! I dn’t have time……
1. 表示请求、建议等，wuld比will委婉客气。
sentence pattern
Wuld yu please…
Wuld yu mind…
Wuld rather…
Wuld yu like…
2.表示意志、愿望和决心。
I will never d that again.
3.可表示经常性、习惯性、倾向性。翻译为“经常、惯于、总是”。
1).The ld man _____have a smke under a big tree every afternn after he finished his farm wrk.
2).门就是打不开 !
The dr wn’t pen.
I will g t the park with yu tmrrw if yu will ffer me lunch.
Questin: Is this sentence crrect? Why?
8.Giving advice (提出意见):
Yu shuld nt/ught nt t eat s much befre running.
Hw delicius!!!
1.Shuld表示劝告、建议、命令，其同义词是ught t；在疑问句中，通常用shuld代替ught…t。
Shuld I pen the windw?
我们应当要相互学习。
We shuld learn frm each ther.
2.情态动词shuld用于第一人称时可以表示说话人的一种谦逊、客气、委婉的语气。
Rse—Sure. By the way, wh is yur idl?Jack—Liu Xiang, I shuld say.
I shuld advise yu nt t d that again.
3. shuld表示意外或惊讶 常译为 “居然，竟然”。 I can’t believe such a gentleman shuld be s rude t the ld. 我不敢相信这样一个绅士居然对老人如此无礼。
4. shuld 表示猜测时，一般指按经验或逻辑判断，翻译成“照说应该，估计，想必”
---When can I cme fr the phts ? I need them tmrrw afternn. ---They _____be ready by 12 : 00 . A. can B. shuld C. might D. need
T be cntinued
三. “情态动词+have dne”的用法
（1）must have dne对过去某事的十分肯定猜测（2）may/might have dne对过去某事的可能性猜测（3）can’t/culdn’t have dne对过去某事的否定猜测（4）shuld/ught t have dne过去应该做而未做（5）shuldn’t/ughtn’t t have dne 过去不应该做而实际上做了（6）needn’t have dne 本没有必要做的事实际却做了（7）culd have dne 本来能够做的（有能力做）事实际却未做到
Let's have a try!
With s much wrk n hand, yu ____t see the game last night. A. mustn’t g B. culd have gneC. shuldn’t g D. shuldn’t have gne
2. There was plenty f time. She ____.A. mustn’t have hurried B. culdn’t have hurriedC. must nt hurry D. needn’t have hurried
3. –I saw Mary in the library yesterday. --Yu_____ her. She is still abrad. A. mustn’t see B. can’t have seen C. mustn’t have seen D. culdn’t see
4. Aunt Mary______the train, therwise she wuld have arrived here by nw. A. must have missed B. shuld have missed C. had missed D. might miss
四. 可兼做行为动词的情态动词：need 、 dare
情态动词 (+动词原形)
1.无人称和数的变化;
*在if/whether之后;
*或与hardly, never, n ne, nbdy连用;
3.常以needn’t 和daren’t 的形式出现;
4.dare有其过去时dared.
多用于肯定句; (sb.) need t d dare t d(sth.) need t be dne (sth.) need ding
He daren’t speak English befre such a crwd, dare he?
He daren’t t speak English befre such a crwd, did he?
These dishes need be cleaned carefully.These dishes need t be cleaned carefully.These dishes need cleaning carefully.
五. 表示否定的情态动词的用法: 部分情态动词的否定式是情态动词中的考点之一。
mustn’t 不准, 禁止 needn’t 没必要 ( = dn’t have t )can’t 不能; 不可能may nt 不可以; 可能不shuldn’t 不应该 ( = ught nt t )
Hw can we deal with exercises cncerning mdal verbs?
Functins & usage f mdal verbs
Language cntext (上下文、语境)