高考英语复习课件：高中语法8大重点语法项目速通 5.定语从句（一）

这是一份高考英语复习课件：高中语法8大重点语法项目速通 5.定语从句（一），共48页。PPT课件主要包含了修饰名词和代词的成分，Key words，定语从句，修饰名词和代词的从句，先行词，关系词，关系词的作用，when，where，why等内容，欢迎下载使用。
a beautiful flwer
This is the best film that I have seen.
the best film
Lndn is the city that / which has hsted the 2012 Olympic Games.
hst the 2012 Olympic Games.
Revisin1 the usage f the relative prnun
the usage f the relative adverb
起限定作用。若省略，原句意义不完整。
起补充说明作用。若省略，原句意义不受影响。
修饰先行词 / 整个句子
Revisin 2 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
Her brther wh is nw a sldier always encurages her t g t cllege. Her brther, wh is nw a sldier, always encurages her t g t cllege.
她那当兵的哥哥总是鼓励她上大学。（隐含意思：或许不止一个哥哥）
她哥哥是当兵的，他总是鼓励她上大学。
The bk (that /which) I bught yesterday is Harry Ptter and the Order f Phenix. The bk ,which I bught yesterday, is Harry Ptter and the Order f Phenix.
有that，作宾语时可以省略
不用that ,作宾语时不可以省略
我昨天买的那本书是《哈利·波特与凤凰令》
1.指物时只用that 或which 的情况2.介词+关系代词3.Whse 用法及转换形式4.as 与which的区别5.指人时that 与wh的区别6.如何判断用关系副词还是关系代词7.定语从句中的主谓一致问题
1. This is all ____ I knw abut the matter. A. that B. what C. wh D. whether2. Is there anything else _____ yu require? A. which B. that C. wh D. what3. The last place _____ we visited was the Great Wall. A. which B. that C. where D. it
考点一:that 与which 的区别
先行词为all, little, much, everything, nthing, smething, anything等不定代词时，关系代词用
4. He talked happily abut the men and bks_____ interested him greatly in the schl. A. which B. that C. it D. whm5. There is n dictinary _____ yu can find everything.A. that B. which C. where D. in that
6. Is xygen the nly gas _____ helps fire burn? A. that B. / C. which D. it
7. Which was the htel _____ was recmmended t yu? A. that B. which C. where D. it
先行词被all, little, much, every, n, 等修饰时
先行词被序数词或最高级修饰；先行词前有序数词(the first),形容词最高级(the best), the last, the very, the nly 等时。
若主句中有疑问代词 wh 或者 which，为了避免重复, 关系代词不要再用 wh, which，而用 that。
1. 先行词为all, little, much, everything, nthing, smething, anything等不定代词
2.先行词被all, little, much, every, n, 等修饰时。
3.先行词被序数词或最高级修饰先行词前有序数词(the first),形容词最高级(the best), the last, the very, the nly 等时。
4. 先行词为人和物的组合5.若主句中有疑问代词 wh 或者 which，为了避免重复, 关系代词不要再用 wh, which，而用 that。
1. Jim passed the driving test, ______ surprised everybdy in the ffice. A.which B that C this D.it
只用which的情况:1,逗号后面 2,介词后面
2. The day ______ he was brn was Jan.20 , which B.that C.which D.this
考点二:介词+关系代词
提醒: 介词﹢关系代词引导的定语从句, 关键 是判断介词的选择.方法一:根据从句中动词或形容词与先行词习惯搭配方法二:根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系
注意：关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。此时关系代词只能用which 或 whm; 不可用that 或wh 代替
The man is frm Beijing University .I talked abut him at the meeting.The man (wh/whm/that) I talked abut at the meeting is frm Beijing University.
Jin them int ne sentence.
=The man abut I talked at the meeting is frm Beijing University.
关系代词紧跟在介词后面时，不能用that，也不能省略，常用which或whm。该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前，也可放在从句之尾。
但遇到固定词组时，介词一般紧跟词组主体，不作前置 。
Is this the bk (which/that) yu are lking fr ?
Filling blanks:
1.The man __________ yu shk hands just nw is ur rm __________ my family live used t be a garage.
考点三： Whse 用法及转换形式
1. whse引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，构成名词短语。That’s the child whse father is a teacher.
D yu knw the wman whse husband is a dctr?This is a bk whse cver is green.
2.whse引导定语从句，其先行词不仅可以指人，还可以指物。
3. whse的先行词指物时, 可用f which代替, 但词序不同，即whse+名词=the +n + f which =f which + the + n.
He lives in the rm whse windw faces suth.
= He lives in the rm, faces suth.
= He lives in the rm, faces suth.
the windw f which
f which the windw
考点四：as与which引导的定语从句
两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以互换，但下列情况多用as。1. 当与such或the same连用时，一般用as。e.g. Such bks as yu tell me are interesting. I have the same plan as yu.2. as 引导的从句可以放在句首, as 本身有“正如…..正象…”之意，与之连用的词有 knw, see, expect, annunce, pint ut 等。e.g. As we all knw, the earth is rund.
1. ______ was natural, he married Jenny. A. Which B. That C. This D. As2. Such signs _____ we use in the experiment ______ Greek letters. A. as, are B. as, is C. that, are D. that, is
3. She is very gd at dance, ____ everybdy knws. A. that B. which C. wh D. as4. ______ has been said abve, grammar is a set f dead rules. A. Which B. What C. That D. As5. We d the same wrk _____ they d. A. which B. as C. than D. like
Anyne _____breaks the law is punished.Thse _____ break the law are punished.He _____ breaks the law is punished.
在anyne, thse, he/she/I / they作先行词时, 用”wh” 代替 “that”.
考点五: that 与wh的区别
考点六:如何判断用关系副词还是关系代词?
选用定语从句的关系词时，需注意两点：1.先行词2.关系词在从句中充当的成分。
I will never frget the day _____ I first went t schl. I will never frget the day __________ we spent in Beijing. The huse __________ we visited is being repaired nw. The huse ______ Luxun nce lived is being repaired nw.
(which/that)
考点七:定语从句中主谓一致问题 定语从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的先行词保持一致。 1.I am nt ne wh ______afraid f difficulty．2.Dn ’t chse me, wh _______nt fit fr this jb．
3. This is ne f the best bks _______. A. that have ever been written B. that has ever been written C. that has written D. that have written4. She is nt the nly ne f the girls ___ well in class. A. which sings B. wh sing C. wh sings D. wh t sing
1. Is this factry ____ we visited last week?
Is this the factry ____ we visited last Week?
A、where B、thatC、t which D、the ne
解题关键：如果是疑问句式，将其转化为陈述句式。
2. Let me think f a prper situatin _______ this sentence can be used.
A、whereB、thatC、f whmD、which
先行词是situatin, case, scene…时，一般用where,也可用in which
3. She will never frget the day_____ she spent in Beijing.
A、when B、whatC、which D、why
She will never frget the day_____ she stayed with him in Beijing.
5. The cllege wn’t take anyne _____ eyesight is weak.
A、wh B、whseC、f whm D、which
6.Thse _____ t take part in the game write dwn yur names.
A、wh B、wh wantC、wh wants D、what
7. I dn't like English, _____ grammar I am nt interested. I dn't like English, ____ grammar is difficult t learn. I like this huse, _____ drway is just enugh t get . I like this huse, _____ drway is small. A. in which B. which C. thrugh whse D. whse
8. I，______ yur gd friend, will try my best t help yu ut.
A、wh is B、what is C、what am D、wh am
9. Which f the tw cws ______ yu keep prduces mre milk?
A、which B、thatC、what D、as
10. His walking stick, ____ he can’t walk, was lst yesterday.
A、thatB、with whichC、whichD、withut which
11. Which f the tw cws ______ yu keep prduces mre milk?
A、whichB、thatC、whatD、as
12. As many members _____ were present agreed t the plan. A. wh　 B. that 　　 C. which 　　 D. as
13. He must be frm Africa, _____ can be seen frm his skin. A. that　　 B. as 　　 C. wh　　 D. what
14. This is the same pen ______I lst yesterday. A. as B. that C.the ne D. A&B
比较： same pen as I lst. ... the same pen that I lst.
表示这支笔与我不见的那支很像，不一定就是
则表示这支笔就是我不见的那支 .
15. The teacher gave us s difficult a prblem ___ we culdn't slve. The teacher gave us s difficult a prblem ___ we culdn't slve it. A. as B. that C. which D. the nes
s 后面跟的是一个结果状语从句
16. ______is mentined abve, the number f the students in senir high schl is increasing. A. Which B. As C. What D. That
17. I’ll tell yu _____ he tld me last night. A. all which  B. all what  C. that all D. all
18. Hw d yu like the bk? It’s quite different frm _____ I read last mnth. A. that B. which   C. the ne D. the ne what
19. There are three libraries in ur schl, _______ were built five years ag.
A、all f themB、either f themC、all f whichD、bth f that
20.I bught sme bks frm the bkstre, five ______were English nvels.
A. f which B. whichC. that D. in which
名词/代词/数词+f+ which /whm引导非限定性定语从句
21.Here are players frm Japan, sme f _________ are ur ld friends. Here are sme players frm Japan and sme f ________ are ur ld friends. A. which B. that C. whm D. them
1. 通读全句。首先判断是什么句型。2. 题干句如果是疑问句式，将其转化为陈述句式。3. 分析从句的句子结构，在定语从句中，缺什么，就补什么：缺主语或宾语，用关系代词；缺状语，用关系副词4. 注意标点符号和题干中是否存在并列连词and, but等。
Translatin
1. 这就是那位帮助我的人。2. 你昨天见到的史密斯夫人是我的一个朋友。3. 你认识一个叫王雨的人吗？
This is the man wh helped me.
Mrs. Smith whm yu met yesterday is a friend f mine.
D yu knw the man whse name is Wang Yu?
4. 我收到的那份礼物是我哥送的。 5. 他在我出去的那个星期来我家了。 6. 请给我解释一下你不辞而别的理由好吗？
The present that / which I received was frm my brther.
He came t my hme during the week when I was ut.
Culd yu please give me a reasn why yu left withut a wrd?