高考英语复习课件：高考写作6大增分锦囊 6.书面表达常见错误及对策

这是一份高考英语复习课件：高考写作6大增分锦囊 6.书面表达常见错误及对策，共31页。PPT课件主要包含了Dear ，口头通知，书面通知，Besides，but，However，In a word，In summary等内容，欢迎下载使用。

常见错误有以下几个方面：1.审题错误 抓不住文章的所要写的要点例文 （1）中国学生通常过生日的方式，如生日聚会、生日礼物、生日祝福等；（2）我认为有意义的庆祝方式以及这样做的目的或理由。
Chinese Birthday First let me shw yu smething abut the Chinese birthday. Usually it includes three parts: party, gift and gd rewards. On the birthday, we ften wear ur favrite clthes , which makes us very happy. We als will rganize a birthday party in the evening. At the party, we’ll prepare lts f delicius fds, especially the birthday cake. Then we will eat the cake. We sing and dance tgether. At last, we’ll take the gift t the persn wh was brn n that day. In the gift there will be a card, n which are ur best wishes.
2.格式错误 不熟悉常见应用文的格式 需要熟练掌握的应用文有：书信、日记、通知（分书面通知和口头通知）
Receiver’s addressDate
Bdy f the letter…
Sincerely/Truly Yurs,Writer’s name
Saturday, February 14th. 2007, Sunny
The bdy f the yur diary…
Bys and girls, may I have yur attentin, please? / Attentin please, everyne. ………That’s all. Thank yu!
Ntice …… Student’s Unin
3. 词法错误 1)用词重复如：return back; repeat again; Chinese students in China have ur wn way t celebrate birthday.2) 用词不当如：把bring写成“take”，“get”，“fetch”等把欢迎某人到我校写成welcme yu t visit ur schl正确的说法是：Yu are welcme t visit ur schl.或Welcme t ur schl.
3)词性混淆A.不及物动词当成及物动词：例如：is happened / is belnged t/ cme (t) the city/ return (t) the placeB.把形容词用作动词如：例如：This will happy the freign visitrs. Please ready a small gift. C.不可数名词用成可数名词：例如:make a great prgress what a fine weather day!
D.形容词和副词的使用错误 例如：wrk hardly talk friendly Dn’t take it serius. 4）虚词错误 A.冠词的漏用和误用 例如：Send him a email. B.介词使用错误 例如：They had t wait the bus under the ht sun. under the sun:普天之下
5）拼写错误把礼物present写成peasant –parents, pleasant, 如把present写成parents那行文就成了please bring alng yur small parents fr this purpse. Remember t wrap it up. sign yur name and write a few wrds f gd wishes.
注意同形词:mdel-medal-mental-metal effrt-effect-ffer-affect abrad-bard-brad-abard strict-strike-stick 注意易拼错单词：mdern, gvernment, destry, true, fficial等
4. 句法错误1）连词错误如：because 与 s; althugh/thugh 与 but同时使用。或两个句子之间没有连词，如：He likes English, I like Maths.2) 汉式英语如：“晚会将在主楼花园顶上举行。”写成” The party will in the main building rf garden held.” “操场上有五个学生在踢足球。”写成 “On the playgrund there are five students play ftball.”把There will be a party写成There will have a party.
3）句子前后不一致 学生常常容易在文章中的时态、语态、人称、主谓一致出现错误。 如：The place can slve the prblem. The bk was disappeared last week. Mr Smith, with his wife, have arrived in Shanghai. I will g t visit yu as sn as I will return t China. Yu shuld wrk hard. If nt, we will fail t pass the exam.
四．对策１．词汇是保证，语法是基础，句型是关键２．如何写好句子 写好句子有许多方法和技巧，谈谈句子的基本结构及与汉语的一些区别。A.确定主语 英语句子无论多长都有自己的主语（祈使句除外）。动手写句子首先要确定主语，其次要特别注意汉语与英语的区别。其中几点请学生注意：
A.汉语中的主语不一定是英文中的主语。例如：北京八月多雨。英文中不说“Beijing rains much in August.”而说“It rains much in Beijing in August.”英文中主谓语有时需要倒装，汉语则不需要。例如：Only then did I realize hw imprtant it is t study English
B.动词是关键 英文中没有动词就构不成句子，但英语动词千变万化，稍不注意就会写错句子。在写句子时应特别注意以下几个方面。注意及物与不及物动词的正确运用。注意非延续性动词的用法。注意一些不可用作被动语态的动词。注意一些动词的特殊用法。注意那些汉译意思相同实际用法不同的词。注意动词的时态及时态的一致。注意部分常用动词及动词词组的辨异，否则，差之毫厘，谬以千里，以下是一些容易混淆的动词词组。
be tired f 因……烦恼be tired frm 因……感到累wear 穿（状态）put n 穿（动作）be cmpared with 与……比较be cmpared t 把……比作be made frm 由……制作（改变本质）be made up f 由……构成be made f 由……制成(不改变本质)find 找（结果）lk fr 找（动作）lk at 看（动作） see 看（结果）be used t 习惯于 used t 过去常常
1） “启”---创造良好开端常用表达 “启”的过渡词语和词组有: in the first place, first f all, firstly, generally speaking, t start with, t begin with等。 常用表达 “启”的句型有: as is knwn t all/ as we all knw; as the prverb says; it is ften said that…; as a new ways f…; there have been many changes…; it is clear/ bvius等。
3．用好 “启、承、转。合”的词语和句子
例句：（天津）As we all knw, we are what we eat. Therefre, it’s very imprtant fr us t frm healthy eating habits.(北京）It’s ften said that all wrk withut play makes Jack a dull by.As the prverb says, n pains, n gains. 
2）“承”---顺势承上启下 常用表达“承”的过渡词语和词组有：secndly; in additin; besides; furthermre; mrever; what is mre; what is wrse, fr example; in ther wrds, especially, particularly, bviusly, at the same time, n dubt等
常用表达 “启”的句型有:cmpared with that…; as far as I knw; It is true that…; It is knwn t all that…; It can be easily prved that…; the reasn why….; There is n dubt that…; It is n wnder that…; what is mre serius is that…等。例句：（湖北）It is knwn t us that sme students cheat in examinatin at schl. (福建) As far as I knw, English learning shuld start frm childhd. 
3）“转”---巧妙转折过渡 常用表达“转”的过渡词语和词组有：but, hwever, n the ther hand, n the cntrary, in any case, r, r else, while, despite, in spite f, regardless f, instead 常用表达 “转”的句型有: Every cin has tw sides. But fr…, I wuld never…; anther example is that…; Taking everything int cnsideratin; That’s why I feel that…等
例句：But fr his help, I wuld never succeed in my experiment. Taking everything int cnsideratin, yu have t wrk much hard than befre t win the cmpetitin.  
4）“合”---完美结束全文 常用表达“合”的过渡词语和词组有：in a wrd, in general, in shrt, abve all, finally, in cnclusin, at last, in summary, as a result, abve all, n the whle等 常用表达 “合”的句型有: smething must be dne t….; it can be safely cncluded frm… that…; in my pinin; we can draw the cnclusin that… it may be briefly summed up as fllws等
例句 We can draw the cnclusin that gd manners arise frm pliteness and respect fr thers. Smething must be dne / sme measures must be taken t imprve ur envirnment. It may be briefly summed up as fllws: it’s high time that ur gvernment tk sme measures t imprve ur envirnment
A.”启“ 根据所给提示句型完成下列句子：First f all, yu shuld…首先你们必须在用餐前洗手。2. Sme f us think that it’s better t…我们有些人认为看电影比读原著好。3. T sme extent, the way…我们的交际方式在一定程度上取决于我们的文化。
B.”承“________（加之，而且），I have a lt f hmewrk t d._________(此外）, we shuld imprve ur study methds and get well prepared fr the exam.__________________(更重要的是）is that yu shuld listen attentively in class and d yu hmewrk carefully.
What is mre imprtant
C. “转” 1. As students, we ften take exams at schl, ______ smetimes we have t many exams which are t difficult fr us. 2. I dn’t think every ne has tried his best. ____________, sme f us are lazy and dn’t wrk hard at their lessns. 3.The situatin is getting better. _________ , there are still sme prblems, such as water and air pllutin and heavy traffic in rush hurs.
On the cntrary
D. “合”I have talked a lt. _________ , it is wrng t cheat in exams.___________ , it seems t me that measures are an imprtant part f ur life.