英语选修9&10Unit 2 Sailing the oceans背景图ppt课件
展开Unit 2 Reading
SAILING THE OCEANS
latitudevyagemercyat the mercy fencyclpediaalngsideexplratinminimum
n. 纬度n. 航海; 航行n. 仁慈; 宽恕; 怜悯 受……支配n. 百科全书prep. 靠着; 沿着adv. 在旁边; 沿着边n. 探险; 探测adj. 最小的; 最低的
celestialpleequatrhriznverheadseaweednwhere ffshre
adj. 天上的n. 地极; 柱; 杆n. 赤道n. 地平线; 视野 adj. 在头上的adv. 在头顶上; 在空中; 在高处n. 海草; 海藻adv. 无处adj. 离岸的; 海面上的
utwardtidesecurekntlgnauticalnautical milemagneticrandm
adj. 外面的; 向外的adv. 向外; 在外n. 潮; 潮汐; 潮流; 趋势 adj. 安全的; 可靠的n. 结 v. 打结n. 原木; 木材adj. 海上的; 航海的海里adj. 磁的; 有磁性的adj. 任意的; 随便的
awkwardreference precise simplify prtable shrtcming updatedtendency reliable
adj. 难使用的; 笨拙的n. 参考adj. 精确的; 准确的vt. 单一化; 简单化adj. 轻便的; 手提的; 便携的n. 缺点; 短处vt. 更新n. 趋向; 倾向adj. 可靠的; 可信赖的
Skimming t get general ideas
Reading Cmprehensin I
Read the passage quickly and chse the best answer.
Which is fit t describe this passage? It is a ______.A. narratin (记叙文) B. expsitin (说明文) C. prse (散文) D. pem
Frm the reading passage we have learned _________.A. why early seamen wanted t sail the seven seasB. that there is useful infrmatin in an encyclpediaC. that early sailrs went explring the sea using their skills and simple instrumentsD. why latitude and lngitude are imprtant t plt a ship’s psitin
Careful reading t slve difficult pints
at the mercy fwithut any prtectin against; helpless befre 任由……摆布;在……面前无助They were lst at sea, at the mercy f wind and weather.他们在海上迷失了方向,任凭风和天气的摆布。I dn’t like t be at the mercy f such a man.我不愿受这样一个人的摆布。
have mercy n / shw mercy t 对……表示怜悯The terrrists shwed n mercy t the hstages.恐怖分子对人质残酷无情。withut mercy 毫不留情地The mther left the dying baby in the hspital withut mercy.那位母亲狠心地把垂死的婴儿丢弃在医院。
It’s a mercy (that) (口)幸运的是,幸亏(用于表示更遭的情况得以避免总算是幸运)It’s a mercy the accident happened s near the hspital.幸亏事故发生在离医院很近的地方。It’s a mercy she wasn’t seriusly hurt.幸运的是她伤势不重。
even thugh 用作连词,意为“尽管,即使”,引导让步状语从句。[高考示例]There was never any time fr Kate t feel lnely, ______ she was an nly child. (2005辽宁)A. ever since B. nw thatC. even thugh D. even as
even thugh “尽管,虽然”,引导让步状语从句。 ever since “自从……以来”,常和完成时态连用;nw that “既然,由于”;even as “正当,恰恰在……的时候”。
[拓展] even thugh 和even s 的区别:even thugh = even if 用作连词,引导让步状语从句;even s 用作副词,意思是“尽管这样/那样,即便如此”。[高考示例] Yur uncle seems t be a gd driver; ______, I wuldn’t dare t travel in his car. (2005江西)A. even sB. even thughC. therefreD. s
reference n. 提及, 涉及, 参考, 参考书目, 证明书(人), 介绍信(人)At the meeting the teacher made references t his heric deeds. 在会上老师提到了他的英雄事迹。These are reference bks fr teachers. 这些是教师参考书。
If yu dn’t knw what this means, please refer t the dictinary. 如果你不知道这是什么意思,请查看字典。Her pupils ften refer t this dictinary.她的学生经常查这本字典。Dn’t refer t it again.别再提那件事。
【知识拓展】refer v. 提到,说起,涉及;参考,查询,常与t连用。
precise adj. 精确的, 准确的precisin n. 精确(性), 精密(度)I can’t give yu a precise date. 我无法告诉你确切的日期。 A camera is an instrument f precisin. 照相机是一种精密仪器。
S subject 主语P predicate 谓语O bject 宾语Att attribute 定语Adv adverbial 状语Cm cmplement 补语Pre predicative 表语C clause 从句
Shrt frms 缩略语
Difficult sentences analysis
The number f knts that were cunted during a fixed perid f time gave the speed f the ship in nautical miles per hur.
在一定时间内计算出有多少个结,就可以算出船只每小时航行多少英里的速度。
Later, when seamen began t use the cmpass in the 12th century they culd calculate lngitude using cmplicated mathematical tables.
后来,当12世纪海员们开始使用指南针的时候,他们就可以用复杂的数学表来计算出经度了。
using cmplicated mathematical tables 是现在分词短语作状语,表示手段。
The cmpass has a special magnetic pinter which always indicates the Nrth Ple, s it is used t help find the directin that the ship needs t g. pinter 是先行词, which 是引导词, 在从句中作主语, 引导后面定语从句always indicates the Nrth Ple; s 后面引导的是结果状语从句; the directin 作为先行词, that是引导词, 引导定语从句the ship needs t g。
指南针有一个特殊的磁针,始终指着北极。因此人们用它来帮助找出船只所要去的方向。
Tips fr teacher
Let the wrd fly 板块是帮助学生学习一些一词多义、熟词生义的词汇。通过此环节,学生可以对一些常见词的用法、意思有一个透彻的了解。
Let the wrd fly
Tw teams will have a race. The team that first give the prper meaning will get ne pint.
Team racing
wrk sth. ut / wrk ut sth. ① t calculate an answer, amunt, price, r value② t find the answer t sth.; t slve sth. 找到……的答案;处理;解决③ t plan r think f sth. 计划;思考
eg.⑴ See if yu can wrk ut this bill ut. ⑵ The plt is s cmplicated that it’ll take yu a while t wrk it ut.⑶ I’ve wrked ut a new way f ding it.⑷ I haven’t wrked ut wh’s gne t lk after the kids tnight.
Next, let’s get a further understanding abut the Reading.
Using nature t help keeping alngsidecastline Part 1
Using navigatinalinstruments t help… Part 2
Using celestial bdies
Using wildlife
Finding lngitude
Using the sea
Finding latitude
Using the weather
Scanning t get detail infrmatin
Reading Cmprehensin II
1. Befre mdern instruments were invented, peple hardly used any navigatin.
2. Early sailrs culd use the height f the sun t wrk ut their latitude.3. Seamen can’t sail the sea if they dn’t knw latitude and lngitude.4. Wind culd accelerate sailing speed and it was always safe and easy t use.5. The cmpass always indicates the Nrth Ple, and seamen culd find the directin that the ship needed t g with its help.
1 What is the use f a bearing circle, astrlabe, quadrant r sextant? ( ) What is the use f a cmpass? ( ) A t set the curse f the ship B t measure the psitin f the ship C t measure the speed f the ship D t tell the time
Cmprehending
1 Read the passage and answer the fllwing questins.
Speed and time are imprtant in findingut the lngitude f a ship because the earth mves fifteen degrees westwards every hur. If yu knw yur directin, speed and time, yu can wrk ut the apprximate lngitude r change in yur psitin in relatin t the stars.
Why are speed and time imprtant in wrking ut the lngitude f a ship?
The psitin f the sun and stars are useful fr wrking ut latitude because they are fixed pints in the sky and their mvements in relatin t the earth are already knwn. S they can be used t measure a ship's psitin.
3 Why is the psitin f the sun and varius stars useful fr wrking ut latitude?
The sailrs wuld need t be excellent navigatrs, able t cpe with bth ht and cld weather, experienced in sailing thrugh very bad weather and able t c-perate in a team.
2 Suppse yu were a sea captain aiming t sail rund Africa. Discuss in grups:
1 What skills wuld yu seek in yur sailrs?
I wuld anticipate very ht weather (arund the equatr), cld weather (arund the Cape f Gd Hpe), very strmy seas (arund the Cape), and prblems with fd and water (unless helped by lcal natives the water may be cntaminated and the fd scarce), etc.
What prblems wuld yu anticipate fr this jurney?
3 What wuld yu d if yu came acrss the fllwing prblems during yur vyage? Read the chart belw and fill in yur plans f actin t deal with them.
wait till the strm is ver, and then find yur new psitin and return t yur riginal curse
use knts t find yur speed and wrk ut yur apprximate lngitude
use the cmpass and the astrlabe, quadrant r sextant t find ut yur psitin, return t yur frmer curse
fllw nesting birds t shre; lk fr special clud frmatins r fg ver streams t find land
use a cmpass
measure yur psitin using the sun r stars; lk fr sea birds, clud frmatins, fg r seaweed t shw that land is nearby
T find the ship’s psitin at sea a sailr used the Nrth Star and the sun.
4 Read the passage again and use the infrmatin t analyse the navigatinal skills. Write the answers in yur wn wrds.
Using nature
2 A sailr knew that land was nearby if he saw ______________________________ _________________________________. 3 Sailrs used _______________________ ______ t increase their speed.
fresh seaweed, nesting birds
returning hme in the evening r fg
sea currents r tides and
Using instruments 4 There were tw methds t find lngitude: 1 _________________________ 2 _________________________ _________________________.
measuring time and speed
cmpass and cmplicated mathematical tables
5 Write dwn the wrking principles f the fllwing instruments:Bearing circle: ________________________________ ________________________________.Astrlabe: ________________________________ ________________________________.
t cmpare the height f the sun nw with the psitin f the sun at midday
t cmpare the psitin f the ship in relatin t sme stars r the sun
Quadrant: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.
a mre precise frm f the astrlabe, t measure hw high stars are abve the hrizn, and cmpare that measurement with previus measurements (using the ship as ne f the fixed pints t find its psitin)
Sextant: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.
an updated versin f the quadrant and s it was mre accurate, t measure the angle between tw fixed pints utside the ship (using tw mirrrs t find the ship's psitin)
5 Imagine yu are n a bat with twenty-nine ther peple. Yu have a small bx fr yur persnal things but it can nly hld ten items. What wuld yu need fr a week's jurney acrss the Nrth Sea t England?
shirt, trusers
waterprf bts
knife, scissrs
sea-sick tablets, cld medicine
cards, chess
nvels, essay cllectins
Tim is in gd shape physically _______ he desn’t get much exercise. (2010湖南) A. if B. even thugh C. unless D. as lng as
Quiz I: Multiple chice
Jhn is very ____ — if he prmises t d smething he’ll d it. (2009浙江) A. independent B. cnfident C. reliable D. flexible
Quiz II: Fill in the blanks.
1. He was a yung sailr n his first sea v_______.2. She appealed t the judge t have _____ (frgiveness) n her husband.3. A car pulled up (停下来) _________ (beside) urs.4. We need t carry ut a full __________ (= examinatin) f all the alternatives.
5. We need a _________ f (at least) ten peple t play this game.6. The mn is a ________ (f the sky) bdy.7. The mn rse slwly abve the _______ (地平线).8. This rm needs _________ lighting (= lights in the ceiling).9. These yung peple have ________ (nt anywhere ) t g.
10. The _______ (外面的) appearance f the building has nt changed at all in 200 years.11. Time and ____ wait fr n man. (岁月 不待人。)12. Endangered species need t be kept ______ (safe) frm pachers (偷猎者).13. He caught the rpe and _______ (打 结) it arund a pst.
14. We asked a _________ (任意的) selectin f peple what they thught.15. My car's quite _________ (difficult t use) t drive.16. Knwing what had happened, I avided making any __________ t (= mentining) weddings.17. He caught me at the ________ (exact) mment that I fainted.
18. He tried t _______ (make simple) the stry fr the yunger audience.19. Whatever his ____________ (faults) as a husband, he was a gd father t his children.20. There is a ________ (趋向; 倾向) fr unemplyment t rise in the summer.21. I fund this t be a _________ (dependable) brand f washing machines.
Quiz III: Translatin.
1. 这是人生最有益的鉴戒之一。 It is ne f ______________ lessns f life. 2. 我们可以自由自在地四处观光。 We ______________ lk rund cmfrtably. 3. 由于接近赤道,马尔代夫群岛终年炎 热。 __________________, Maldives is ht all year.
the mst useful
were able t
Clse by the equatr
4. 他指出,热能使水沸腾。 He shwed that the heat ____________ ___ bil water. 5. 该科学家改善了脱去海水盐分的方法。 The scientist perfected _____________ desalting seawater. 6. 这样他们就能更好地把理论运用到实践 中去。 __________ they can better apply thery t practice.
culd be used t
In this way
7. 要估算别人为我们所提供的服务的 真正价值是极其困难的。 ______________________ estimate the true value f the services which peple perfrm fr us. 8. 它被证明是当年海员们用的一种计算 工具。 ______________ ne f the mathematical instruments that were then in use amng seamen.
It is extremely difficult t
It prved t be
Self-assessment
Think abut what we’ve just learnt in tday’s class.
Time fr Reflectin
Study withut reflectin is a waste f time.
Think in English
After the class
It’s the time where we stp the class and yu lk inward. It’s a time f silence in a class.
Surf n the Internet and find mre abut hw seamen explre the ceans.
latitude, encyclpedia, ple, equatr, seaweed, ffshre, lg, nautical, magnetic, prtable.
2. 发挥想象,连词成文(50-100字)。
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