中考英语专题练习 阅读理解 话题四 文化类（含解析）

这是一份中考英语专题练习 阅读理解 话题四 文化类（含解析），共23页。
Passage 1(2019重庆A卷)
Cinyee Chiu, an artist frm Taiwan, is always happy t try smething new. Her amazing wrks wn lts f prizes. Amng them, “24 Slar Terms(节气)” is the mst ppular.
Ancient Chinese divided a year int 24 parts accrding t the changes f the weather. It's the 24 slar terms. But nt everyne knws them well. Cinyee Chiu put the 24 slar terms in pictures t help peple understand them better.
Cinyee turned each slar term int an animal. But these animals are nt just animals. Yu can als find seasnal fruits, vegetables r beautiful flwers n them.
When spring cmes, water gets warm and fish start t swim arund. S Cinyee chse fish as a symbl f Start f Spring. Als, she drew spring vegetables, Chinese chives n the back f the fish.
White Dew falls n abut Sept. 8. It shws the beginning f the cl autumn. There are clrful leaves and cler nights at this time f year. As the temperature falls, white dew(露珠) is ften seen n the grass and trees at night. Fr White Dew, Cinyee chse a raccn— a small animal with thick hair. She drew white spts(小圆点) n the raccn t shw dew. And she used the dragn fruit t shw the rich clrs in autumn.
The yung artist really gave the ancient Chinese culture a new lk.
( )1. The writer gave ________ examples t shw Cinyee's “24 Slar Terms”．
A. tw B. three C. fur D. five
( )2. Frm Paragraph 5, we knw that ________．
A. a raccn likes fish
B. Start f Spring falls n abut Dec.8
C. White Dew shws the end f the autumn
D. Cinyee used white spts t shw dew
( )3. Accrding t the passage, Picture ________ can't be frm Cinyee's “24 Slar Terms”．
( )4. The writer mainly wants t talk abut ________．
A. why Cinyee made herself knwn
B. wh divided a year int 24 parts
C. hw Cinyee shwed the 24 slar terms
D. what Start f Spring and White Dew mean
Passage 2(2019滨州)
On April 19th, a pttery(陶器) exhibitin was held at Wuhan Optical Valley Experimental Schl.Many pieces f pttery in different sizes were shwn at the schl.Sme were a bit brken, but all f them were beautiful wrks f art created by the students.
At the end f last year, the schl started a prject that called n teachers t cllect disused r brken pieces f pttery frm the cuntryside.S far, they have cllected almst 3，000 pieces.
“Pttery used t play an imprtant rle in the daily lives f Chinese peple，”schl head Ma Guxin tld the reprter.“By pttery painting, the students can imprve themselves in many ways.They can better understand the histry f the pttery, put their creativity int the pttery and shw the lve fr life and beauty.
Students turned the pttery int different wrks f art.They were all encuraged t paint pictures n the pttery, even thugh sme students didn't knw hw t paint.In March, the schl held a pttery painting cmpetitin. Wang Zixuan, a student frm Grade Eight, with little knwledge f painting, painted a beautiful night scenery n a piece f pttery. It was s nice that many students lved it.
Almst every classrm has clred pieces f pttery.They are either used as flwerpts r pen cntainers(笔筒)．The schl has als set up several art crners t shw the pttery.Fr example, the students have put sme pttery n bkcases utside f a lecture hall(报告厅)．It has becme an enjyable place fr students t rest and read.
( )1.On April 19th, a ________ exhibitin was held at Wuhan Optical Valley Experimental Schl.
A. flwer B. film C. pttery D. cstume
( )2.Accrding t the passage, ________ were encuraged t paint the pttery.
A. the students wh painted very well
B. the students wh gt gd grades
C. the students wh didn't knw hw t paint
D. all the students in the schl
( )3.By pttery painting, the students can imprve themselves in many ways EXCEPT________．
A. knwing hw t cllect pttery
B. better understanding the histry f the pttery
C. putting their creativity int the pttery
D. shwing the lve fr life and beauty
( )4.Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing is TRUE?
A. The schl has cllected abut 2，000 pieces f pttery s far.
B. Wang Zixuan was a student frm Grade Seven.
C. We can't find any clred pttery in their classrms.
D. The students enjy resting and reading at the art crners.
( )5.In which part f a newspaper can we read the passage?
A. Sprts news. B. Traditinal art. C. Healthy living. D. Ppular music.
Passage 3(2019菏泽)
( )1. Where did Ma Sui cme frm accrding t this passage?
A. The State f Qin. B. The State f Zha. C. The State f Chu.
( )2. Why did the peple f Qin fllw Shang Yang's new laws?
A. They believed in Shang Yang.
B. They were afraid f Shang Yang.
C. Shang Yang gave them gld pieces.
( )3. What is “Ru Mu San Fen” ften used t describe nw?
A. A man f his wrd.
B. Sharp ideas r useful views.
C. A well­knwn her f the state.
Passage 4(2019怀化)
These years, Chinese traditinal culture, as Sinlgy(国学), has becme mre ppular. It is reprted that many schls have curses f Sinlgy. Students are interested in them and ften read the classical wrks by Chinese ancient educatrs, like Cnfucius(孔子)．
Why d we study Sinlgy? Here are tw main reasns: First, it is the essence(精髓)f Chinese civilizatin(文明)with mre than 5000 years. Secnd, Sinlgy can cntribute(做贡献)t a harmnius(和谐的)sciety.
All Chinese peple shuld inherit(继承)the advantages f Sinlgy. It's necessary fr us t intrduce Sinlgy t the wrld. As middle schl students, we shuld realize the imprtance f studying traditinal culture, such as reading classical bks, practicing Chinese handwriting and painting. We shuld als remember and celebrate ur wn festivals, like the Spring Festival, the Dragn Bat Festival and s n.
( )1. Wh was Cnfucius?
A. An ancient educatr. B. An ancient wrker. C. An ancient scientist.
( )2. Hw many main reasns f studying Sinlgy are mentined(提到) in this passage?
A. One. B. Tw. C. Three.
( )3. Frm this passage, we knw that ________
A. Sinlgy has becme less ppular these years.
B. the Spring Festival isn't a Chinese traditinal festival.
C. Sinlgy can cntribute t ur sciety.
( )4. What is the article abut?
A. Handwriting. B. Festival. C. Sinlgy.
中外文化理解
Passage 5(2019菏泽)
Writing is a much newer inventin than talking. Nbdy knws when peple first began t talk, but s far as we knw, they did nt begin t write until seven r eight thusand years ag.
In Egypt, Mesptamia, and China, and later in Palestine and Greece, peple began t make marks and pictures with sticks and sharp stnes frm which thers, r they themselves, later, culd see what they had thught.
These early recrds were the beginning f writing. The first writing was picture writing. Here are sme early Chinese picture wrds. Can yu see what they represent (代表)?
Later Chinese writing is less like pictures than the earlier writing was, but we can see the pictures in sme f its wrds. Fr example：
In picture writing, each picture represents a wrd; yu need a different picture r mark fr each wrd.
In present­day Chinese writing mst f the marks are nt pictures f anything, and a reader has t learn hw the Chinese write abut tw thusand f these wrds befre being able t read a newspaper.
With sme f these marks yu may be able t see what the idea is. Fr example：
The sun and the mn.明Its meanings are: “bright” and “pen”．
A man and tw marks. 仁 One f the meanings is “humanity”．
( )1. When did peple begin t write?
A. Seven r eight hundred years ag.
B. Befre peple first began t talk.
C. Seven r eight thusand years ag.
( )2. Which f the fllwing is the earliest Chinese picture wrd?
A. B. C.
( )3. What des the 明 in the passage mean?
A. Day and night. B. Bright and pen. C. Humanity.
( )4. What's the passage mainly abut?
A. The histry f Chinese writing.
B. When Chinese peple began t write.
C. Hw the Chinese began t talk.
语言学习
Passage 6(2019泰州)
Each year n Feb. 21, UNESCO(联合国教科文组织) hlds an Internatinal Mther Language Day (IMLD). The event is t help peple t pay attentin t the disappearance f the wrld's languages: many f them are disappearing each year. UNESCO sees this as a terrible fact.
What happens when a language dies ut? Smething great is lst—nt just sunds and marks but the way that peple understand the wrld and cmmunicate with each ther. We keep different cultures and traditins thrugh languages. Kill a language and all these are killed t.
Thrugh IMLD, mre and mre peple cme t realize the terrible situatin and try t stp it. Ggle's 2018 Endangered(濒临灭绝的) Languages Prject is a gd example. Many speakers and prtectrs f endangered languages uplad(上传) texts, audis and vides t the prject website. They want t intrduce the way that peple cmmunicate and express themselves arund the wrld.
The Myaamia Prject is the same kind f effrt t revive the language spken by the Miami tribes(部落) f the United States. Prject members wrk t encurage peple t study and cmmunicate with this language, which died ut in the 1960s.
These activities give life t thse endangered languages. Peple wh wrk t keep languages alive are nt limited t the past. Many yung peple design apps and use scial media t supprt their activities. They “spread the wrd” t save the wrd.
S, while the prblem f disappearing languages remains a very serius ne, there is hpe. We all have a special feeling f ur mther language. This is why we shuld remember the wise wrds f late president f Suth Africa, Nelsn Mandela: “If yu talk t a man in a language he understands, that ges t his head. If yu talk t a man in his wn language, that ges t his heart.”
( )1. UNESCO hlds IMLD every year in rder t help peple t ________．
A. learn and use endangered languages
B. shw their talents in learning languages
C. practice reading skills f mther languages
D. realize the situatin f endangered languages
( )2. What did peple d in Ggle's 2018 Endangered Languages Prject?
A. Discuss hw t make gd use f Ggle.
B. Offer nline curses n endangered languages.
C. Share materials abut endangered languages nline.
D. Translate endangered languages int mther languages.
( )3. What des the underlined wrd “revive” mean in Paragraph(段落) 4?
A. 创造 B. 学习 C. 复活 D. 清除
( )4. What can we infer(推断) frm Paragraph 5?
A. It is mre difficult t prtect endangered languages.
B. The disappearance f languages has already stpped.
C. Yung peple dn't care abut endangered languages.
D. Yung peple have creative ways t prtect languages.
( )5. The writer mentins Nelsn Mandela's wrds in rder t ________．
A. tell the imprtance f ne's mther language
B. shw his cntributins t language prtectin
C. tell the truble in learning endangered languages
D. shw the pssibility f prtecting mther languages
跨文化交际
Passage 7(2019舟山)
Every year, mre than 26，000 children arrive in Britain. We ask sme new arrivals what they like best abut their new lives and what's different frm hme.
( )1. Amng the abve fur children, ________ prbably likes the new schl life best.
A. Luck B. Zinah C. Jarek D. Daisy
( )2. In Zinah's eyes, her maths teacher in India might be ________．
A. cld B. strict C. patient D. humrus
( )3. The passage is prbably taken frm ________．
A. a travel magazine B. an educatin website
C. a gegraphy textbk D. a business newspaper
名著节选
Passage 8(2019连云港)
Then Alice saw a small glass table. There was a little glden key n it. She picked it up and put it in all the lcks n the drs but it didn't pen any f them. She mved a curtain n ne f the walls and discvered anther dr, a very small ne. She put the key in the lck. It was exactly the right size! She pened the dr and lked thrugh it. At the end f a lw passage she saw a beautiful garden. It was full f brightly clured flwers and funtains.
“Oh, hw beautiful！” she said, “I'd lve t g there but I'm t big t get thrugh the dr.”
She walked back t the table. There was a bttle n it nw.
“I'm sure that bttle wasn't there befre，” she said, a little cnfused.
She put dwn the key and picked up the bttle. She read the wrds “DRINK ME” n it. Alice wasn't a stupid girl. She didn't drink it immediately. First she lked at the bttle carefully. There wasn't a label n it that said “POISON”．
S she put the bttle t her lips and drank.
“Mmm, it's nice，” she said. It tasted like cherry tart, pineapple, rast turkey and tast—all the things that she liked t eat—s she drank sme mre. And sme mre. Sn the bttle was empty.
“What a curius feeling，” she said.“I'm getting smaller and smaller.” It was true! She was nw as small as her cat Dinah.
“Gd! I can g thrugh the dr int the garden，” she said. But, pr Alice! When she gt t the dr, she didn't have the key! It was n the table. She culdn't reach it because she was t small nw. She sat dwn and cried.
After a while she said, “Alice！”“Stp crying! Crying desn't help! Dry yur tears immediately！”
When she lked at the table again, she saw a small glass bx under it. She picked it up and pened it. There was a small cake inside. It had the wrds “EAT ME” n it. She put a small piece f it in her muth.
“If I grw bigger I can reach the key，” she thught. “And if I grw smaller I can g under the dr.”
But nthing happened s she finished it.
( )1. Frm the passage we can knw that ________．
A. at first Alice culd g thrugh the dr int the garden easily
B. then Alice fund there was a little glden key n a small wden table
C. Alice was as small as her rabbit Dinah after she drank smething in the bttle
D. Alice saw a small glass bx with a small cake in it under the table
( )2. Alice did the fllwing things in the rder f ________．
a. She saw a beautiful garden at the end f a lw passage.
b. She mved a curtain and discvered anther dr.
c . She put a small piece f the cake in her muth.
d. She put the bttle t her lips and drank.
e. She cried because she culdn't reach the key.
A. a－b－c－d－e B. b－a－d－e－c
C. d－a－b－e－c D. b－d－e－a－c
( )3. The underlined wrd “it” in the last paragraph refers t ________．
A. the small bx B. the glass table
C. the small cake D. the glden key
( )4. Accrding t the passage, the best wrds t describe Alice are ________．
A. careful and brave B. curius and helpful
C. clever and friendly D. rganized and strange
Passage 9(2019宿迁)
Gd Neighburs
Mr. and Mrs. March lived tgether with their fur daughters. Amy was very shy. Beth lved being at hme. Meg lked very pretty. J was tall and thin and she was a tmby(假小子). Their hme was always busy and full f nise and peple. Next t them lived ld Mr.Laurence and his grandsn, Laurie. They lived in a very large and cmfrtable huse. But it
was a huse withut life.
One day, J saw Laurie standing at an upstairs windw in his huse and lking dwn at their garden. J's sisters were playing in the snw there. They were thrwing snwballs and having a lt f fun. But Laurie's face was very sad.
“Pr by！” J thught. “He's all alne. He needs sme friends.” She culdn't stp thinking abut him. She wanted t g and see him, but hw culd she g t his huse withut an invitatin?
Then ne snwy afternn, she saw Laurie's grandpa g ut. This gave her an idea. She tk a brm frm the kitchen.
“What are yu ging t d, J？” asked her sister Meg.
“T clear the garden path，” answered J.
When Laurie saw J frm the windw, a big smile changed his pale, sad face.
J laughed and shuted, “Hw are yu? Are yu ill？”
Laurie pened the windw and said, “I'm better nw, thank yu. I had a bad cld and had t stay inside fr a week.”
“I'm srry，” said J. “Are yu bred？”
“Yes, very，” he replied.
“Dn't yur friends cme t visit yu？”
“N. But I dn't want t see anybdy. Bys are nisy and they give me a headache.”
“Girls are quiet.”
“I dn't knw any girls.”
“Yu knw us.”
“That's true! Can yu cme and visit me？” cried Laurie.
“I'm nt quiet, but I'd like t cme，” replied J. “I must ask Mther first.” She ran back int her huse.
A few minutes later, she returned and rang the bell n the dr f Laurie's huse. A servant tk her upstairs.
“Here I am！” she said brightly. “Mther sends her lve and my sisters gave me this blancmange(牛奶冻) fr yu.”
“That lks delicius，” Laurie said. He was very happy t see J.
J lked arund. There were lts f bks n the shelves.
“A nice rm！” she said. “I can read t yu if yu like.”
“N, let's talk，” replied Laurie.
“All right，” said J. “I can talk fr hurs. My sisters say I never knw when t stp.”
“Yu have three sisters—Amy, Beth and Meg.” Laurie cntinued.
“Hw d yu knw that？” J was surprised.
“Yu call each ther's names when yu are in the garden. Smetimes I can see yu all arund the table with yur mther. She has a very kind face. I like lking at her. I haven't gt a mther.”
J felt sad when she heard this.
“Why dn't yu cme and visit us？” she said. “It isn't gd fr yu t stay in this huse all the time.”
“Thank yu. I'd like t cme very much，” said Laurie.
“We knw all ur neighburs except yu.” J said. “I'm glad we're friends nw.”
She tld him abut all the interesting things in her life. She said, “Besides(除……之外还) plays, I als lve bks.” Laurie lved bks t, and ffered t shw her the library in the huse. The library was a wnderful rm. J lved it.
“Ww！” she said. “All thse bks！”
Laurie said, “A__persn__needs__mre__than__bks.”
Just then the bell rang and a servant came in...
(Adapted frm Little Wmen)
( )1. Frm the first paragraph, we knw ________．
A. J's family had five members
B. J and Laurie were neighburs
C. Laurie and his grandpa were busy
D. the fur sisters had the same hbby
( )2. J wanted t visit Laurie because ________．
A. she wanted t visit his large huse
B. Laurie invited her t play with snwballs
C. she felt he was lnely and needed friends
D. Laurie was seriusly ill and needed her care
( )3. What might be the crrect rder f what happened in the stry?
a．J saw Laurie standing at an upstairs windw in his huse.
b．J and Laurie were having a talk happily at Laurie's hme.
c．J went t Laurie's hme after telling her mther.
d．J culdn't stp thinking abut Laurie.
A. a－b－c－d B. b－a－c－d C. b－d－a－c D. a－d－c－b
( )4. Which wrds can best describe J and her sisters?
A. Kind and friendly. B. Generus but rude.
C. Quiet and smart. D. Funny but careless.
( )5. What des Laurie mean by saying “A persn needs mre than bks.”？
A. Peple need t stay in their wn huses.
B. Peple shuld learn much mre frm bks.
C. Peple need lve and friendship besides bks.
D. Peple shuld relax themselves besides reading.
诗歌
Passage 10(2019甘肃省卷)
Cluds
On a beautiful spring afternn，
I relax—and lie dwn
On the sft green grass，
Breathing in the fresh smell that I can feel all arund.
My attentin is taken up t the cluds.
Fr up there in the bright blue sky
Is a fluffy white wrld f cttn candy animals
And castles built with marshmallw bricks.
But I must be creative and take the time
T bring this wrld int fcus，
S I take a breath，
And squint__my__eyes__just__a__little__bit．
And befre I knw it—there they are—A big bear
Sft as a pillw, quietly curls up t sleep，
As a tiny, cttn ball muse
Jumps ut frm a lin's huse.
What a treat t spend my afternn
With these newly fund friends mving by!
( )1. When is the speaker watching cluds in the pem?
A. In the mrning. B. At nn.
C. In the afternn. D. At night.
( )2. The speaker in the pem is ________．
A. n his bed B. n the grass C. n the street D. n the beach
( )3. Which wrd best describes the speaker in the pem?
A. Busy. B. Tired. C. Peaceful. D. Bred.
( )4. The underlined part “squint__my__eyes__just__a__little__bit” in the pem prbably means ________．
A. clse my eyes a little bit and try t see things clearly
B. pen my eyes widely
C. shut my eyes t avid seeing smething unpleasant
D. make my eyes full f tears
( )5. The writer wrte this pem t ________．
A. shw the readers where t watch cluds
B. teach the readers abut clud shapes
C. explain t the readers hw cluds can change
D. tell the readers abut his clud watching
Passage 11(2019宁波)
Sing a Sng f Peple
by Lis Lenski
( )1. The pem is abut a________ city.
A. beautiful B. busy C. rainy D. small
( )2. In Line 21, the wrd “singly” means________．
A. alne B. fast C. slwly D. quietly
( )3. Accrding t the pem, the best wrd fr the blank is________．
A. brrw B. thrw C. knw D. allw
剧本
Passage 12(2019河北)
Yur English teacher has intrduced a play t yur class. Read the play.
Characters：Benny, student, 14 years ld
Peter, student, 15 years ld
Susie, student, 14 years ld
Grace, student, 14 years ld
Time: One Sunday afternn in autumn
Place: Sunny Park
(The fur teenagers have just finished the picnic. They are tidying up.)
Benny: Ww! That was a great picnic. I'm s full that I can hardly mve.
Grace: That's n excuse fr nt tidying up, Benny. Cme ver here and help me pack up the leftver fd. Peter, can yu put ut the fire, please? And clean up the place.
Peter: (Speaking unhappily t himself) Hw can I always get the dirty and difficult jbs？It's nt fair.
(Peter thrws a bit f water n the fire. Then he picks up the ashes(灰烬) with an ld newspaper and wants t thrw them int the lng grass.)
Susie: (Sunding surprised) What are yu ding, Peter? That's d．..
Peter: Whps... the paper has caught fire.
Susie: And the grass... Benny, Grace, help! Help!
(Benny and Grace cme ver quickly. They help put ut the fire cmpletely.)
Peter: Oh, n. What have I dne?
Grace: Yu knw that we shuld d everything carefully, dn't yu?
Peter: (With his head in his hands) Yes.What have I dne？What have I dne?
( )1. Hw des Peter feel abut his jbs?
A. Clean and easy. B. Dirty and difficult.
C. Great and interesting. D. Nisy and harmful.
( )2. What wrd d yu think Susie wuld say in the sentence “That's d...”？
A. dirty B. difficult C. delicius D. dangerus
( )3. Which f the fllwing sentences is true?
A. There are five peple in the play.
B. Peter's carelessness causes the fire.
C. They have a picnic in the mrning.
D. Benny refuses t help thers tidy up.
In the Warring States Perid, the State f Qin had a fight with the State f Zha. Zha needed sme talented peple t ask fr help frm Chu. Then Ma Sui—the man wh believed he was the right persn fr this task came and recmmended (推荐) himself. And he made the king f Chu send the army t help successfully. Zha was safe. Frm then n, Ma Sui became a well­knwn her f the state.
One day, Shang Yang put a thin wden stick near the suth gate f the capital f Qin. He prmised t pay 10 gld pieces t anyne wh culd mve it t the nrth gate. It was such a simple jb that all the peple thught Shang was jking. Then he added 40 mre gld pieces. A man mved it and he really gt 50 gld pieces. After that, the peple f Qin believed Shang was a man f his wrd. S they all fllwed Shang's new laws later.
Wang Xizhi was ne f the mst famus calligraphers (书法家) during the Eastern Jin Dynasty f China. When he was very yung, he practiced his art every day and never stpped.
One day, Wang Xizhi wrte in wd fr an engraver (雕刻师) t cut. Then the engraver fund the ink had penetrated (渗透) ne centimeter int the wd. Nw “Ru Mu San Fen”is ften used t describe sharp ideas r useful views.
Wrd Bank：
breathe v. 呼吸
fluffy adj. 松软的
cttn candy 棉花糖
castle n. 城堡
marshmallw bricks
棉花软糖似的砖块
pillw n. 枕头
Sing a sng f peple
Walking fast r slw；
Peple in the city
Up and dwn they g.
5 Peple n the sidewalk，
Peple n the bus；
Peple passing, passing，
In back and frnt f us.
Peple n the subway
10 Underneath the grund.
Peple riding taxis
Rund and rund and rund.
Peple with their hats n，
Ging in the drs；
15Peple with umbrellas
When it rains and purs.
Peple in tall buildings
And in stres belw；
Riding elevatrs
20Up and dwn they g.
Peple walking singly，
Peple in a crwd；
Peple saying nthing，
Peple talking lud.
25Peple laughing, smiling，
Grumpy peple t；
Peple wh just hurry
And never lk at yu!
Sing a sng f peple
30Wh like t cme and g；
Sing f city peple
Yu see but never ▲ ！
话题四 文化类
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要以立春和白露为例介绍了Cinyee是如何用画来展示24节气的。
1. A 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：作者给了 例子来展示Cinyee的“24节气”。根据短文四、五段描述可知，作者以立春和白露为例展示了Cinyee是如何用画来展示“24节气”的。故选A。
2. D 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：从第五段中，我们知道 。根据第五段倒数第二句“She drew white spts(小圆点) n the raccn t shw dew.”可知，Cinyee用白色的小圆点来表示露珠。故选D。
3. D 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：根据本文，图 不可能来自Cinyee的“24节气”。通读短文可知，Cinyee的“24节气”这本书主要是用动物来展示24个节气。而选项D只是一幅山水画，与节日无关，并且从图片结构来看，也明显不同于其他三个选项。故选D。
4. C 【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：作者主要想谈论 。阅读短文可知，作者主要谈论的是Cinyee是如何用画来展示24个节气的。故选C。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了武汉光谷实验学校开展了一个项目，号召学生收集陶器，让学生更好地理解陶瓷的历史并且鼓励学生在上面涂色，培养学生的动手能力，使学生对中国传统文化更加热爱。
1. C 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：在4月19日，一个 展览在武汉光谷实验学校举行。根据第一段第一句“On April 19th, a pttery(陶器) exhibitin was held at Wuhan Optical Valley Experimental Schl.”可知选C。
2. D 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据文章， 被鼓励在陶瓷上绘画。根据第四段第二句“They were all encuraged t paint pictures n the pttery, even thugh sme students didn't knw hw t paint.”可知是所有的学生都被鼓励在陶瓷上绘画。故选D。
3. A 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：通过陶瓷绘画，学生能够在许多方面提高自己，除了 。根据第三段最后一句“They can better understand the histry f the pttery, put their creativity int the pttery and shw the lve fr life and beauty.”可知没有提及A项内容。故选A。
4. D 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据文章，以下哪一个是正确的？A项：到目前为止，学校已经收集了大约2000件陶瓷；B项：王子轩是一个来自七年级的学生；C项：我们在他们的教室里找不到任何涂过色的陶瓷；D项：学生喜欢在艺术角休息和阅读。根据第二段最后一句可知学校已经收集了大约3000件陶瓷，A项错误；根据第四段第四句可知王子轩是一个来自八年级的学生，B项错误；根据最后一段第一句可知几乎每一间教室里都有涂过色的陶瓷，C项错误；根据最后一段可知D项内容正确。故选D。
5. B 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：我们能在一份报纸的哪个部分阅读到这篇文章？通读文章可知，本文主要讲述武汉光谷实验学校开展了一个项目，号召学生收集陶器，让学生更好地理解陶瓷的历史并且鼓励学生在上面涂色，这属于传统艺术类。故选B。
Passage 3
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了毛遂自荐、立木取信和入木三分三个成语故事，介绍了这几个成语的典故。
1. B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据文章可知毛遂来自哪里？根据第一则故事“Zha needed... Then Ma Sui... recmmended(推荐) himself.”可知赵国需要人才，然后毛遂推荐了自己。故选B。
2. A 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：为什么秦国人跟随商鞅变法？根据第二则故事“the peple f Qin believed Shang was a man f his wrd.”可知人们相信商鞅言出必行。故选A。
3. B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：“入木三分”如今常被用来形容什么？根据第三则故事最后一句“ sharp ideas r useful views.”可知选B。
Passage 4
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了近年来，中国传统文化国学的日益普及。许多学校开设了国学课程。文中介绍了学习国学的原因以及学习国学的好处。
1. A 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：孔子是谁？根据第一段最后一句话“Students are interested in them and ften read the classical wrks by Chinese ancient educatrs, like Cnfucius(孔子)．”可知孔子是古代教育家。故选A。
2. B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：这篇文章中提到了学习国学的几个主要原因？ 根据第二段第一、二句话“Why d we study Sinlgy? Here are tw main reasns...”可知有两个主要原因。故选B。
3. C 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：从这篇文章，我们知道 。根据文章第二段最后一句话“ Secnd, Sinlgy can cntribute(做贡献) t a harmnius(和谐的) sciety.”可知国学可以为我们的社会做出贡献。故选C。
4. C 【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：这篇文章是关于什么的？阅读短文可知是描述有关国学的。故选C。
Passage 5
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了5个不同国家及地区文字的演变，着重介绍了中国汉字的发展历史。
1. C 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：人们什么时候开始写字？根据第一段最后一句“ did nt begin t write until seven r eight thusand years ag.”可知人们在七八千年前开始书写。故选C。
2. A 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：下面哪个是最早的中文象形文字？根据第三段的插图可知A选项文字是最早的中文象形文字。故选A。
3. B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：在文章中“明”的含义是什么？根据倒数第二段可知“明”代表光明和开放。故选B。
4. A 【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：这篇文章主要讲的是什么？根据文章内容可知主要讲的是中国汉字的历史。故选A。
Passage 6
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了每年2月21日联合国教科文组织举行国际母语节。通过IMLD，越来越多的人共同意识到濒临灭绝的语言这一可怕的情况。
1. D 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：联合国教科文每年组织举办国际母语节是为了帮助人们 。从第一段第二句“The event is t help peple pay attentin t the disappearance f the wrld's languages...”可知会让人们了解濒危语言的处境。故选D。
2. C 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：人们在“谷歌2018年濒危语言项目”中做了什么？ 从第三段第三句“Many speakers and prtectrs f endangered languages uplad(上传)texts, audis and vides t the prject website.”可知人们在线上分享濒危语言的资料。故选C。
3. C 【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：第四段的划线单词revive是什么意思？根据“which died ut in the 1960s.”判断该词意为“复活”。故选C。
4. D 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：我们从第五段中可以推断出什么？ 第五段中主要讲了年轻人为了保护语言有创造性的方法。故选D。
5. A 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：作者提到纳尔逊·曼德拉的话是为了 。作者提到纳尔逊·曼德拉的话是为了说明母语的重要性。故选A。
Passage 7
【主旨大意】本文是一篇应用文。对四个不同国家的学生来到英国之后的新生活，包括新的学校生活进行了介绍，大家观点各异。而且目前每年有超过26000个孩子来到英国。
1. C 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：在上面四位孩子中， 可能最喜欢新的学校生活。根据第一个图表中“I like teachers here.”及“Here, teachers are patient and dn't give much hmewrk.”可推知Jarek可能最喜欢新的学校生活。故选C。
2. D 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：在Zinah看来，她在印度的数学老师可能是 。根据文章，图片Zinah，India中的内容“the teacher is really funny, just like my maths teacher in India”可知，数学老师是有趣的、幽默的。故选D。
3. B 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：这篇文章有可能选自 。通读全文，可知本篇文章主要是通过几个学生的观点来描述他们来到英国的新的学校生活，因此更有可能是在教育网站上。故选B。
Passage 8
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。节选自《爱丽丝梦游仙境》，主要讲述了爱丽丝在洞中发生的故事。
1. D 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：从文章中我们可知 。根据文章倒数第三段“When she lked at the table again, she saw a small glass bx under was a small cake inside.”可知，爱丽丝在桌子下面看到了里面装有蛋糕的玻璃盒。故选D。
2. B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：爱丽丝按照 顺序做了以下的事。通读全文可知，爱丽丝在洞中打开窗帘发现了另外一扇门，接着在暗道末端发现了一个美丽的花园，然后，她看到一个瓶子并喝了瓶中的水，于是，她身材变得太小拿不到钥匙而哭了，最后在桌子下面看到了里面装有蛋糕的玻璃盒，她就吃了蛋糕。故选B。
3. C 【解析】代词指代题。题干意为：最后一段中的划线“it”指的是 。根据文章倒数第三段“There was a small cake inside.”以及下文‘And if I grw bigger I can reach the key，’ she thught. ‘And if I grw smaller I can g under the dr.’”可知，此处it指代的是上文中的the small cake。故选C。
4. A 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：根据短文，形容爱丽丝最恰当的词语是 。爱丽丝落入洞中，困难重重。但是她细心观察并且以她的勇敢，最后克服了重重困难。故选A。
Passage 9
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。节选自《小妇人》，讲述了乔与她的姐妹们非常善良和友好。当看到邻居劳里很孤单需要朋友时，乔在征得妈妈的同意后主动找劳里交谈。故事的最后告诉人们：除了书籍以外，人们还需要爱和友谊。
1. B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：从文章的第一段中，我们可以知道 。根据文章第一段“J was tall and thin and she was a tmby(假小子)． t them lived ld Mr. Laurence and his grandsn, Laurie.”可知，乔又高又瘦，是个假小子……他们旁边住着老劳伦斯先生和他的孙子劳里。所以，乔和劳里是邻居。故选B。
2. C 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：乔想看望劳里，因为 。根据第三段第一、二句“‘Pr by！’ J thught. ‘He's all alne. He needs sme friends.’”可知，乔认为劳里太孤单，他需要有朋友，所以乔想看望劳里。故选C。
3. D 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：故事中所发生的事的正确顺序可能是什么？通读全文可知，一天，乔看见劳里站在他家楼上的窗户前，俯视着他们的花园。她看到劳里，他很孤单，他需要朋友，乔就一直想着他。在乔问过她妈妈后，去了劳里家，与劳里进行了愉快的交谈。故选D。
4. A 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：哪两个词能最恰当地描述乔和她的姐妹们？根据文章第一段“Amy was very shy. Beth lved being at hme. Meg lked very pretty. J was tall and thin and she was a tmby(假小子). Their hme was always busy and full f nise and peple.”以及当乔帮助邻居劳里可知，乔和她的姐妹们都是善良和友好的。故选A。
5. C 【解析】句意猜测题。题干意为：劳里说“一个人需要的不仅仅是书”是什么意思？根据文章最后劳里与乔的对话“Laurie lved bks t, and ffered t shw her the library in the huse. The library was a wnderful rm. J lved it. ‘Ww！’she said，‘All thse bks！’”可知，乔很爱书。劳里又说”A persn needs mre than bks.“可知，劳里的意思是：人们除了书籍外，还需要爱和友谊。故选C。
Passage 10
【主旨大意】本文是一首诗歌。春天一个美好的下午，作者躺在绿色的草地上放松，欣赏着上方蔚蓝天空中的白云，并把白云想象成各种动物，观察着这些新发现的朋友在空中移动，作者感到非常的惬意。
1. C 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：在诗歌中说话人是在什么时间观察云的？根据诗歌第一行“On a beautiful spring afternn”可知，是在下午。故选C。
2. B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：在诗歌中说话人是 。根据诗歌第三行“On the sft green grass”可知，是在草地上。故选B。
3. C 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：哪一个单词最恰当地描述诗歌中的说话人？根据第二行“I relax”和倒数第二行“What a treat t spend my afternn”可知，说话人很放松也很享受。故选C。
4. A 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：诗歌中划线部分“squint my eyes just a little bit”意思可能是 。根据上文“T bring this wrld int fcus”和下文描述说话人的观察可知，他应该是“稍微眯着眼睛去看清楚东西”。故选A。
5. D 【解析】写作意图题。题干意为：作者写这首诗歌是为了 。根据这首诗歌的最后两行可以推断出，作者主要目的是分享自己对云的观察。故选D。
Passage 11
【主旨大意】本文是一首诗歌，主要描写了在繁忙的城市中不同的人带给我们的感受。
1. B 【解析】 细节理解题。题干意为：这首诗是关于一个 城市。由竖线左边的“Peple n the sidewalk, Peple n the bus; Peple passing, passing”及右边的“in a crwd, saying nthing, just hurry”等关键词可推知，城市里的人们在路上来去匆匆，过着快节奏的生活，展现在我们面前的是一座非常繁忙的城市。故选B。
2. A 【解析】 词义猜测题。题干意为：21行的单词“singly”表示 。分析第21­24行的句子结构可知，“Peple walking singly”与“Peple in a crwd”意义相对，“Peple saying nthing”与“Peple talking lud”意义相对，即“saying nthing”与“talking lud”意义相反，“singly”与“crwd”的意义相反，故“Peple walking singly”表示“独自行走的人们”，所以singly在此应是“独自；单独”之意。故选A。
3. C 【解析】 推理判断题。题干意为：根据这首诗，空白处的最佳词是 。通读全文可知，这首诗描绘了城市中人们每天的忙碌情况，大部分人都处在紧张的工作之中。由最后4行内容可推知，我们应该为那些喜欢来去匆匆的行人唱赞歌，但我们未必就真正了解我们自己所看到的实情。故选C。
Passage 12
【主旨大意】本文是一个剧本。主要描述了Penny，Peter，Susie和Grace四个人在野餐后，打扫场地，由于彼得的失误，引起火灾的片段。
1. B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：关于他的工作，彼得感觉怎么样？根据Peter说的话中“Hw can I always get the dirty and difficult jbs？”可知，他感觉自己的工作又脏又难。故选B。
2. D 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：你认为Susie会在“That's d．..”这个句子中说什么？根据前文“Then he picks up the ashes(灰烬) with an ld newspaper”可知，彼得用报纸去装燃烧的灰烬去了。再根据下文“Whps ... the paper has caught fire.”可知，旧报纸引起了火灾。因此她说的应该是“那是危险的。”故选D。
3. B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：下面哪句话是正确的？阅读剧本可知，本剧中一共有Penny，Peter，Susie和Grace四个人，因此A项与短文不符；联系剧本内容可知，彼得的粗心引起了火灾，B项与短文描述一致；根据剧本中的时间信息“Time: One Sunday afternn in autumn”可知，他们是在下午野餐，因此C项与短文不符；剧本中本尼的话“Ww! That was a great picnic. I'm s full that I can hardly mve.”不足以说明他拒绝帮助别人打扫，因此D项与短文描述不符。故选B。