中考英语专题练习 阅读理解 话题七 说明介绍（含解析）

这是一份中考英语专题练习 阅读理解 话题七 说明介绍（含解析），共24页。试卷主要包含了 B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Passage 1(2019广东)
Bullying(欺凌) can happen t anyne. A great many children arund the wrld are bullied every year, but there are things that can be dne t help.
What is bullying?
Bullying is when smene makes yu feel bad r hurts yu again and again. Bullying can happen at schl, ut f schl and nline. Bullying includes：
·calling peple mean(恶意的) names
·laughing at peple
·telling lies abut peple
·taking smene's things withut permissin(允许)
·nt letting smene play in a grup
·hitting peple.
What is cyberbullying?
Cyberbullying includes：
·sending bad messages nline
·sharing phts nline withut permissin
·nt letting smene be part f an nline grup
·spreading lies nline.
What can yu d?
If smene is nt kind t yu, tell an adult that yu knw and like. Fr example, talk t a parent r a teacher.
If yu get bad messages, dn't reply. Yu shuld save them and give them t yur teacher, yur family, r the plice. Ask an adult fr help. Dn't share smething befre yu make sure it is true. That will help stp the cyberbullying.
Talk t yur parents r teacher r an adult if yu see bullying r if yu are wrried abut a friend.
Say srry if yu are nt kind t smene. Yu can write a message r talk t the persn. And always remember: think abut hw t be kind in the future.
Fr mre infrmatin, visit ur hme page at ．
( )1. Accrding t the passage, the fllwings are bullying EXCEPT ________．
A. calling peple mean names B. hitting peple
C. telling lies abut peple D. laughing with peple
( )2. Cyberbullying means bullying ________．
A. at schl B. at hme
C. n the street D. n the Internet
( )3. When yu get bad messages nline, yu shuld ________.
A. share them with friends B. give them t yur teacher
C. reply t them at nce D. keep them as yur secrets
( )4. If yu are nt kind t smene, yu shuld ________．
A. say srry t him B. talk abut it in public
C. ask yur parents t say srry D. feel sad and keep quiet
( )5. This passage is mainly written fr ________．
A. teachers B. parents C. children D. the plice
Passage 2(2019河北)
What are yu hlding in yur hand while yu are taking the examinatin? Right. A pen.
Thugh it is small, the pen has changed the histry, imprved the trade f cuntries, recrded events, carried news, and dne far mre wrk fr human beings than all ther tls.
Prgress withut it wuld have been almst impssible. The inventin f the wheel, the intrductin f steam engine(蒸汽机), the use f electricity, all these have changed the lives f millins f peple, but the pen has dne mre. It has taken away muntains, and it has prepared the way fr all prgress and develpment f the sciety.
In the past the pen did all the wrk if yu wanted t keep any writing fr sme time. The lawyers tk up their pens and wrte the law f the cuntry frm the days when papyrus(纸莎草纸) was first used. The mst famus letters in the wrld were written with a pen. It was with a pen that the greatest thinkers f all time wrte dwn their thughts.
The pen is very utilitarian. We can nt sign a bill r write a letter r buy a huse withut ur pen. An agreement is wrthless till ur name is written with a pen. The writers encurage the wrld with it. The students take their examinatins with it as well.
Our cming int the wrld is recrded with a pen. Befre we have been at schl, ur name is written n the name list with a pen. We cannt be married till we have signed. A pen recrds the imprtant events in ur life.
Let us remember that we hld in ur hand the mst pwerful instrument which man wns. The pen is a magic tl. Whenever yu use it, enjy it.
( )1. What is the writer trying t d in this passage?
A. Describe what a pen lks like.
B. Intrduce the histry f the pen.
C. Advise peple t prepare a new pen.
D. Shw the imprtance f the pen.
( )2. The wrd “muntains” in the third paragraph refers t(指代)“smething t ________”．
A. explain the use f electricity B. lwer the students' scres
C. stp the scial develpment D. change the law f the cuntry
( )3. The lawyers started t write the law f the cuntry ________.
A. befre their thughts were changed
B. when papyrus was first used
C. as sn as they recrded their names
D. after they tk an imprtant exam
( )4. The underlined wrd “utilitarian” in the passage means “________”．
A. cheap B. bring C. special D. useful
( )5. What is the best title fr this passage?
A. A Pwerful Tl B. An Imprtant Law
C. A Valuable Recrd D. An Exciting Event
Passage 3(2019江西)
Playing vide games and getting mney fr it seems like a dream jb fr many f tday's teenagers. But is it all fun and games?
Big business
Pr(prfessinal) gaming is certainly big business. In 2017, there were mre than 3，000 gaming cmpetitins and ver 10，000 prfessinal players wrldwide. A large number f peple watch their cmpetitins nline, and successful gamers can get mre than 1，000，000 dllars frm prize mney and ads. The industry is clearly thriving.
What it takes
Becming a prfessinal is nt just abut being gd at playing games—it als takes a lt f hard wrk. Sme pr gamers practice fr furteen hurs a day. “Yu need t spend much time and put all yur effrts t it”， says ex­gamer Gerge.
Nt all fun and games
It can be a difficult jb as well. Stress is a big prblem fr gamers. Tiredness is anther, and injuries(受伤) are cmmn. Tp player Hai Lam had wrist(手腕) prblems after years f pr gaming. Careers(生涯) are shrt, and many gamers retire(退休) befre they are 30 and try t find anther jb.
Hwever, the bad pints prbably wn't change the dreams f many teenage gamers. And angry parents are still likely t hear the excuse, “But I'm just practicing fr my future jb！”
( )1. Hw many prfessinal players were there arund the wrld in 2017?
A. 130，000. B. Mre than 3，000.
C. Over 1，000，000 D. Mre than 10，000.
( )2. What des the underlined wrd “thriving” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Getting wrse. B. Ding well.
C. Develping slwly. D. Changing quickly.
( )3. What can we infer frm the last sentence f the passage?
A. Children are angry with their parents.
B. Teenagers practice games fr their future jbs.
C. Sme teenagers are crazy abut playing games.
D. Parents stp their children playing games successfully.
( )4. What's the main idea f the passage?
A. Pr gaming isn't all fun and games.
B. The career as a pr gamer desn't last lng.
C. Being a pr gamer is a gd chice fr teenagers.
D. Being a pr gamer is an easy way t make mney.
Passage 4(2019杭州)
This painting is called The Fighting Temeraire, Temeraire is the name f the big, ld sailing ship that yu can see n the left f the picture. Peple chse this picture t be the greatest painting in Britain.
J. M. W. Turner painted it in 1839. It shws the ld sailing ship, the Temeraire, n the River Thames near Lndn. There's a small tugbat pulling the ld ship. It's in fact taking the Temeraire n its last jurney. The ld ship is ging t the breaker's yard. In the backgrund we can see the sun setting.
The picture, hwever, is mre than a painting f tw bats in the evening. The artist wanted t shw the end f an era(时代). The time f the beautiful, ld sailing ships is cming t an end. That's why we see this happening at sunset. In the little, brwn tugbat we can see the new industrial era starting. The tugbat is small and dark and it's making a lt f smke, but it's very strng, because it's pulling the much bigger ship.
The painting shws a real event. Turner watched the Temeraire taking its last jurney up the Thames, but he changed sme f the details. He painted the ld ship white and gld s that it lks like a ghst. In fact, the real ship was black and yellw. We als see the sun setting behind the ship, but in fact, the ship travelled twards the sunset. Hwever, Turner wanted t shw the sun setting n the time f beautiful ld sailing ships.
Turner painted The Fighting Temeraire when he was quite ld, s perhaps he wanted t shw the sun setting n his wn life, t. He lved the painting and he never sld it. Yu can see it tday in the Natinal Gallery in Lndn.
( )1. The Fighting Temeraire ________．
A. is the name f a big sailing ship
B. was thught the best painting in Britain
C. shws tw nice new ships
D. was painted by a famus yung artist
( )2. The ld ship was pulled t the yard ________．
A. t be painted new B. t be repaired
C. t be brken up D. t be sld
( )3. What des the tugbat stand fr accrding t the passage?
A. The new industrial era.
B. The beautiful ld era.
C. The painter's wn life.
D. The white and gld ghst.
( )4. What can we learn frm the last tw paragraphs?
A. The clr f the real sailing ship was white and gld.
B. In the painting the sailing ship was ging twards the sunset.
C. Finally Turner sld this painting because he didn't like it.
D. Tday the painting is kept in the Natinal Gallery in Lndn.
Passage 5(2019广东)
In ur daily life, rbts are ften fund t d wrk that is t dangerus, bring, difficult, r dirty. And we ften see kids play with ty rbts.
But what exactly is a rbt? There are sme imprtant characteristics(特征) that a rbt must have. These characteristics might help yu t decide what is and what is nt a rbt. It will als help yu t decide what yu will need t build int a machine befre it can be cnsidered as a rbt. A rbt has these imprtant characteristics：
Sensing First f all, yur rbt wuld have t be able t sense the envirnment arund it. Give yur rbt sensrs(传感器): light sensrs(eyes), tuch sensrs(hands), chemical sensrs(nse), hearing sensrs(ears)and taste sensrs(tngue)．
Mvement A rbt needs t be able t mve arund its envirnment. It can mve n wheels, walk n legs r be driven by small engines(发动机). A rbt can mve either the whle bdy r just parts f it.
Energy A rbt needs t be able t pwer itself. Sme rbts might pwer themselves with sunlight, sme might with electricity, while thers with the batteries(电池). The way yur rbt gets its energy will depend n what yur rbt needs t d.
Intelligence A rbt needs sme kind f “smarts”. A prgrammer is the persn wh gives the rbt its “smarts”. The rbt will have t have a certain way t receive the prgram s that it knws what it is t d.
( )1. The underlined wrd “it” in Paragraph 2 is abut ________.
A. the ty B. the characteristic C. the machine D. the engine
( )2. The chemical sensrs may help a rbt t ________．
A. see B. catch C. hear D. smell
( )3. In hw many ways can a rbt pwer itself accrding t the passage?
A. Tw. B. Three. C. Fur. D. Five.
( )4. The Chinese meaning f “Intelligence” in the last paragraph is ________．
A. 能源 B. 勤奋 C. 智能 D. 外观
( )5. What is the main purpse f the passage?
A. T help peple understand what a rbt is.
B. T tell what a rbt can d in ur life.
C. T describe the mvement f a rbt.
D. T intrduce the histry f rbts.
Passage 6(2019吉林)
In many cuntries arund the wrld, May 1st is a hliday which is called Labr Day r Wrkers' Day. It is an interesting hliday that hnrs wrking peple and their jbs. But d yu knw hw it started?
During the late 1880s, in many parts f the wrld, peple wrked fr furteen t sixteen hurs a day in factries, but made very little mney. Later, in the United States and Canada, wrking peple gt tgether t set up unins(工会). The unin leaders asked factry bsses fr shrter wrking time and higher salaries(工资), but many f the bsses ________．
On May 1st, 1886, men and wmen in the United States and Canada stpped wrking and went nt the streets. They walked thrugh cities and twns t frce bsses t let them wrk eight hurs a day. In the city f Chicag, several peple died in fighting with the plice. Over the next few years, peple in cities arund the wrld stpped wrking n May 1st t hnr wrkers everywhere. By the early twentieth century, the first f May became a natinal hliday in many cuntries.
Hwever, in the United States and Canada, May 1st is nt a hliday. Nrth Americans celebrate Labr Day n the first Mnday in September. Tday in the United States, Labr Day is mstly abut having fun. Peple enjy a lng weekend and ften celebrate it by having picnics with friends r family. In many parts f the United States, Labr Day is als the last day f summer vacatin, and students return t schl the next day.
( )1. Hw lng did peple wrk a day in factries in the late 1880s?
A. Fr 8—10 hurs. B. Fr 10—12 hurs.
C. Fr 12—14 hurs. D. Fr 14—16 hurs.
( )2. Which can be the best fr ________？
A. refused their ideas B. accepted their ideas
C. agreed with them D. understd them
( )3. What des the underlined wrd “frce” mean?
A. 感激 B. 迫使 C. 宣扬 D. 欣赏
( )4. Which is the right rder(顺序) f the fllwing events?
①Wrking peple began t fight fr better life.
②Peple stpped wrking n May 1st t hnr wrkers.
③Wrking peple set up unins.
A. ①②③ B. ②①③ C. ③②① D. ③①②
( )5. Hw d peple ften celebrate Labr Day in America nwadays?
A. By wrking all day.
B. By giving gifts t wrking peple.
C. By having fun with friends r family.
D. By having a big ceremny.
Passage 7(2019青岛)
windmills
Wind pwer is a very clean surce f energy. This is hw wind pwer wrks. Wind makes windmills spin(旋转). When the windmills spin, they make electricity. Then we can use the electricity.
A lt f peple think that wind pwer is new, but that's nt true. Fr thusands f years, peple have used wind t sail bats and mve water. We still d thse things tday, but these days we mstly use wind pwer t make electricity.
Wind pwer is a very ppular surce f energy. Mst peple think that we shuld use it mre and mre. First f all, it's clean. Windmills dn't pllute the envirnment at all. Secnd, we can use wind pwer frever. After all, we will always have wind. Als, wind pwer is cheap, and it's getting even cheaper.
A lt f peple dn't understand wind pwer very well. They believe that there are prblems with wind pwer, but many f thse prblems are nt real. Fr example, sme peple say that windmills are dangerus fr birds. They used t be true, but it isn't true anymre. Old windmills killed birds because they spun very fast. New windmills spin slwly, and they aren't dangerus fr birds.
Hwever, there are real prblems with windmills. One prblem is that many peple think windmills are very ugly. This is a prblem fr peple, because windmills are ften in very pretty areas. Als, wind desn't blw all the time, s we can't use wind pwer all the time. Finally, windmills are nisy.
Wind pwer is becming mre and mre cmmn. Right nw, mre than 80 cuntries use wind pwer. Abut 2.5 percent f the wrld's pwer cmes frm the wind. Fr sme cuntries, that number is a lt higher. Wind pwer gives Denmark mre than 25 percent f its electricity.
( )1. Why DON'T new windmills kill birds? Because ________．
A. birds dn't fly near them
B. they spin slwly
C. they are shrter than ld windmills
D. new windmills dn't spin
( )2. When did peple start using wind pwer?
A. Abut 25 years ag. B. Abut 80 years ag.
C. Abut 500 years ag. D. Over 1，000 years ag.
( )3. ________， s we CAN'T use wind pwer all the time.
A. Windmills break all the time
B. We can't use windmills at night
C. Windmills are t expensive t use all the time
D. Wind desn't blw all the time
( )4. What des the article say abut wind pwer?
A. Mst peple dn't like it. B. It's getting cheaper.
C. Denmark desn't use it. D. It's getting mre expensive.
( )5. What is the best title fr the passage?
A. Expensive Windmills B. Cheap and Clean Energy
C. Ppular and Clean Wind Pwer D. Dangerus Birds
Passage 8(2019杭州)
Smile Train is a charity(慈善团体) that helps the millins f children arund the wrld, wh suffer frm a facial defect(缺陷). The defect happens when a baby's tp lip r muth desn't frm prperly befre birth. Eating and drinking is very difficult fr these babies. The charity prvides free peratins, which give these children a new smile, and with it, new hpe and a new beginning.
Children with the defect need all the help. Althugh many sufferers are accepted by their families, sadly, thers are nt. In sme cuntries, children with this defect are ften abandned at birth because their parents feel ashamed f them r cannt affrd the peratins. The gd news is that the peratin is nt difficult. It takes less than an hur and csts the family nthing. The charity raises mney and finds the right medical vlunteers t perfrm the peratins.
A Smile Train dctr frm the UK said, “Each child wh has the peratin is given a secnd chance at life. After years f staying at hme, the children can finally g t schl and be happy. Every year I perfrm hundreds f peratins free f cst thrugh Smile Train. Sme f the stries I have heard are quite surprising. One newbrn baby girl was fund abandned n a train. Luckily fr her, she was fund and adpted(收养) by a passenger. This lady then heard abut Smile Train and brught the baby t ur hspital. I did the peratin and gave hpe t the family. Experienced dctrs like me share ur skills with lcal dctrs. In this way we make sure that these peratins will always be available.”
( )1. Smile Train is a charity which ________．
A. prvides fd and medical care fr pr children
B. raises mney fr all the dctrs wrking in the UK
C. ffers free medical help t children with the facial defect
D. gives children withut parents new hpe and a new beginning
( )2. The underlined wrd “abandned” in Paragraph 2 is clsest in meaning t ________．
A. given up B. dressed up C. called up D. brught up
( )3. What did the dctr frm the UK think f his vlunteer wrk?
A. Dangerus. B. Surprising. C. Relaxing. D. Valuable.
( )4. It can be inferred frm the passage that ________．
A. children with the facial defect are becming mre ashamed than befre
B. mre dctrs are trained t help children with the facial defect
C. fewer baby bys with the facial defect are perated n than girls
D. dctrs in Smile Train are always well paid fr ding the peratins
Passage 9(2019德州)
When Reginald Jhnstn, a British schlar (学者), first walked int the Frbidden City in 1919, mst palaces weren't allwed t visit. But a century later, when the Peple's Republic f China is t celebrate its 70th funding anniversary(周年纪念) in Octber, the 599­year­ld palace cmplex(宫殿群) becmes the wrld's busiest museum.
Open t the public
In the ld days, rdinary peple culd nly imagine what it lked like inside. When the Palace Museum was funded in 1925, the public culd g int the palaces. Nw 80% f the ttal area f the museum is pen t the public and it will increase t 85% in 2025.
Embracing(拥抱)the wrld
“It felt like yu were hit by hundreds f years f histry.” Christpher Allen frm Britain said, “I begin t lve its histry and culture.”
The Frbidden City is becming mre pen and friendly t visitrs. It attracted abut 3.5 millin visitrs frm abrad and 9 verseas (海外的) exhibitins were held in 2018. The Palace Museum exhibitin becmes a cultural phenmenn(文化现象) everywhere it ges.
Attracting the yuth
On the Palace Museum's nline stre n Taba, yu can find mre than 10，000 cultural prducts. The nes with cute and humrus pictures f emperrs are very ppular.
Sme favurite prducts als g ffline. Fr example, the “Kangxi Emperr's Favurite Chclate”， the mst ppular drink, always has peple lining up (排队) t get a taste.
As a child, Xu Jing ften rde a bike in frnt f the Meridian Gate (午门)．“I had little memry f the museum then, but nw I am mre willing t visit it after watching several ppular TV shws abut the museum，” she said.
( )1. The current situatin (现状) f the Frbidden City is that ________．
A. it has becme the wrld's busiest museum
B. mst palaces are still nt allwed t visit
C. it is clsed t all the wrld except lcal peple
D. it is nt pen because there are t many exhibits (展品)
( )2. The Palace Museum has been pen t the public fr ________ years.
A. 70 B. 94 C. 100 D. 599
( )3. Which is NOT the reasn that the Frbidden City attracts mre visitrs frm abrad?
A. Freigners are hit by hundreds f years f Chinese histry.
B. The Frbidden City is becming mre pen and friendly t visitrs.
C. The ticket price f the Frbidden City is the lwest.
D.The Palace Museum exhibitin becmes a cultural phenmenn everywhere it ges.
( )4. Accrding t the last part, the yuth knw mre abut the Palace Museum mainly thrugh ________．
a. the nline stre n Taba b. ffline stres
c. histry bks d. ppular TV shws
A. a，b，d B. a，b，c C. b，c，d D. a，c，d
( )5. Which is RIGHT accrding t the passage?
A. The Palace Museum becmes wrld famus in a shrt perid.
B. Visitrs can leave their ftprints (脚印) in each area f the museum.
C. All the native peple were willing t visit the museum when they were kids.
D. With the develpment f China, the Palace Museum pens its arms and welcmes the visitrs frm all arund the wrld.
Passage 10(2019济宁)
We all need cash(现金)in rder t live ur lives. Hwever, smething called digital currency is slwly taking the place f cash. A currency is a kind f mney. Usually, we use currency when we talk abut a cuntry's mney. If smething is digital, it nly exists(存在)n a cmputer. S “digital currency” means mney that nly exists n cmputers.
Lts f peple have digital currency accunts(账户). They use a credit card(信用卡) t change their real mney int digital mney, and then the mney ges int the digital currency accunt. A lt f peple wnder，“Why in the wrld shuld I change my real mney int digital currency？”This is a fair questin, but there's a gd answer. If yu want t buy smething nline, then yu usually have t use digital currency. Fr example, if yu're in China and yu want t buy smething in Canada, then yu'll have t pay with digital currency.
Many peple still dn't trust digital currency. Sme peple think that if they can't hld their mney in their hand, then it desn't seem real. These peple dn't feel cmfrtable when they see numbers n a cmputer screen. The cmputer tells them that their mney is safe but these peple dn't really feel safe. Anther prblem is security(安全). There are hackers all ver the wrld. A hacker is a persn wh steals cmputer infrmatin. If a hacker gets the passwrd f yur digital currency accunt, he r she can steal yur mney.
Yu have t decide whether r nt yu trust this new inventin. Just remember ne thing: If yu want t buy smething nline, then yu prbably wn't have a chice. Yu'll have t use digital currency.
( )1. What des Para.1 mainly tell us?
A. What digital currency is.
B. Hw t use digital currency.
C. Why we all need cash t live.
D. Where t find digital currency.
( )2. What is the “gd answer” t the questin in Para.2?
A. Yu cannt shp nline withut digital currency.
B. Yu cannt buy anything in China with real mney.
C. Yu cannt buy anything in Canada withut digital currency.
D. Yu can use bth real mney and digital currency t shp nline.
( )3. What is the first prblem mentined in Para.3?
A. Digital currency is nt safe enugh.
B. Many peple still dn't trust digital currency.
C. Sme peple can't hld their mney in their hand.
D. Sme peple dn't feel cmfrtable with numbers.
( )4. Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the passage?
A. Tw kinds f mney
B. The end f real mney
C. Currency arund the wrld
D. Mney that yu can't tuch
Passage 11(2019盐城)
Many children tday live in unsafe places. They may live where wars have been fught r where there is a lt f crime. Play fr Peace is an rganizatin frmed t help these children. It des s by bringing kids and adults tgether. Fr what? T make a mre peaceful wrld.
Places where Play fr Peace wrks include Nrthern lreland, India, and Guatemala. Kids frm different backgrunds cme tgether t play games. Sme f the games encurage them t wrk tgether and t learn abut ne anther. While playing, kids begin t understand their different ways f thinking and ding things.
As kids in the prgram get lder, Play fr Peace teaches them t be leaders. They becme advisers. The lder kids lead the games fr the yunger kids. One leader called Mandeep frm a small village in India described her experience，“I didn't realize there was a larger wrld until I jined Play fr was a big challenge fr me. But I grew t feel safe and like them even thugh they were different frm me.”
Play fr Peace wrks because it brings kids tgether. They have fun and learn hw t get alng. Many kids wh take part find that they have much in cmmn—and they becme friends!
( )1. Which rganizatin is the passage abut?
A. Prject Hpe. B. ORBIS. C. Play fr Peace. D. UNICEF.
( )2. What is the main purpse f the rganizatin?
A. T make the wrld mre peaceful.
B. T bring kids and adults tgether.
C. T teach lder kids t lead games fr yunger nes.
D. T make children understand different ways f thinking.
( )3. What did Mandeep think f her experience in the prgram?
A. Cmmn but cmfrtable.
B. Tiring but interesting.
C. Challenging but meaningful.
D. Dangerus but unusual.
( )4. Why des the authr write this passage?
A. T encurage kids t run away frm wars.
B. T explain the imprtance f playing games.
C. T tell kids hw t get alng with each ther.
D. T intrduce a charitable rganizatin t readers.
Passage 12(2019聊城)
I cme frm Cambridge, a beautiful city in the east f England. It is n the River Cam and has a ppulatin f abut 120，000. My hme twn is especially famus fr university. Many famus peple studied here, such as Isaac Newtn and Charles Darwin. There are lts f ld buildings and churches t visit. Students and turists enjy trips alng the river by bat.
Cambridge is 80 kilmetres frm Lndn. Lndn is in the suth f England and it is n the River Thames. It has a ppulatin f abut seven and a half millin, s it is bigger and busier than Cambridge. It is abut 2，000 years ld and it is famus fr Big Ben, Buckingham Palace and Twer Bridge.
England itself is part f an island, and yu are always near the sea. The small villages and beaches n the cast are ppular fr hlidays. Turists like the areas f lw muntains and beautiful lakes in the nrth, and the hills and pretty villages in the suth. Everywhere in England, yu will ntice hw green the cuntryside is.
It is never very ht in summer r very cld in winter. S cme and see England any time f the year, but bring an umbrella with yu. It rains a lt all year rund. Yu will need it mst days.
( )1. Cambridge is ________．
A. in the east f England B. in the suth f England
C. n the River Thames D. far frm the River Cam
( )2. Hw many examples f famus peple are mentined in the passage?
A. One. B. Tw. C. Three. D. Fur.
( )3. What can we knw abut Cambridge and Lndn?
A. Cambridge is much busier than Lndn.
B. Lndn is 2，000 kilmetres frm Cambridge.
C. Cambridge has mre famus buildings than Lndn.
D. Lndn has a much bigger ppulatin than Cambridge.
( )4. Turists like ________ in the suth f England.
A. the churches B. the lw muntains
C. the pretty villages D. the beautiful lakes
( )5. It is ________ in England.
A. very ht in summer B. very cld in winter
C. nt very cld in winter D. nt rainy all year rund
Passage 13(2019株州)
The United Kingdm, fficially knwn as the United Kingdm f Great Britain and Nrthern Ireland, is a state lcated at nrth­west Eurpe. The United Kingdm has fur cuntries: England, Sctland, Wales and Nrthern Ireland.
It is ne f the mst pwerful and richest cuntries in the wrld. It is an amazing piece f land that is rich in histry and facts, sme f which are yet t be discvered. Frm the natural beauty t the peple, technlgical advancement(科技进步) and sprts, n ne can ever have enugh f the UK. T learn mre abut the cuntry, yu shuld read the facts belw.
The English drink the mst tea in the wrld. They drink ver 163 millin cups f tea daily, abut 20 times the number f cups drunk by Americans.
Althugh Britain has been invlved in many wars lasting fr many years, it has als been invlved in the shrtest war. The Angl­Zanzibar War fught in 1896 lasted nly 45 minutes, just the time fr a class.
The UK has the highest rate(比率) f being very fat in the wrld. Almst 25% f the British adults are very fat.
The UK has the third­highest rate f heart disease in Eurpe. It ranks(排位) just belw Ireland and Finland.
Of all cuntries that celebrate Independence Day, 58 are independent f the UK, the highest by any cuntry.
Almst 25% f all wmen in the UK were named Mary in 1811.
Accrding t histry, the Lndn Bridge had indeed fallen dwn accrding t the ld rhyme, when the Saxns had trn it dwn using rpes and bats. The Thames has ver 200 bridges and tunnels alng its curse.
( )1. The first paragraph intrduces the ________ f the UK.
A. peple B. cuntries C. weather
( )2. What d the English drink the mst?
A. Cffee. B. Cla. C. Tea.
( )3. When did the Angl­Zanzibar War happen?
A. In 1896. B. In 1811. C. In 1800.
( )4. What did the writer use mst t tell the truth?
A. Stries. B. Examples. C. Numbers.
( )5. What can be the best title f the passage?
A. The Culture f the UK
B. The Fun Facts f the UK
C. The Science f the UK话题七 说明介绍
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了何为校园暴力和网络暴力以及孩子们在面对各种暴力欺凌时应该怎么做。
1. D 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据这篇文章，下列是欺凌行为除了 。根据文章“What is bullying？”这部分具体内容可知没有提到D项。故选D。
2. D 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：网络欺凌意味着 欺凌。根据“What is cyberbullying？”中的“nline”可知是网络上。故选D。
3. B 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：当你在网上获得坏消息的时候，你应该 。根据文章“What can yu d？” 标题下第二段“If yu get bad messages, dn't reply. Yu shuld save them and give them t yur teacher...”可知是给老师。故选B。
4. A 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：如果你对某人不友善，你应该 。根据“What can yu d？”标题下第四段“Say srry if yu are nt kind t smene.”可知是要说对不起。故选A。
5. C 【解析】写作意图题。题干意为：这篇文章主要是为 而写。根据文章内容可推测出这篇文章是给孩子们写的。故选C。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文，文中主要论述了笔在人类生活中的重要作用。
1. D 【解析】写作意图题。题干意为：作者试图在文中做什么？本文主要讲述的是笔在人类生活中的重要作用。故选D。
2. C 【解析】指代题。题干意为：“muntains”一词在第三段指代“ 的事物”。联系下文“it has prepared the way fr all prgress and develpment f the sciety”可知，这个单词指代的是“阻碍社会发展的事物”。故选C。
3. B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：律师开始起草国家的法律 。根据第四段第二句“The lawyers tk up their pens and wrte the law f the cuntry frm the day when papyrus(纸莎草纸) was first used.”可知，当纸莎草纸最初被使用时律师开始书写国家的法律。故选B。
4. D 【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：文中划线单词“utilitarian”的意思是“ ”。本段主要介绍了笔在签账单，写信，签协议，作家写作和学生考试中的作用。因此这个单词意思是“有用的”。故选D。
5. A 【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：本文最好的标题是什么？阅读短文可知，本文主要讲述的是笔在人类生活中的重要作用，说明了笔是一个强大的工具。故选A。
Passage 3
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。随着电竞行业的蒸蒸日上，职业玩家成为许多青少年追逐的梦想职业。文中介绍了职业玩家们具体的工作内容和他们在工作中所面临的问题，比如：精神上的压力、身体的伤痛和职业生涯短暂等。旨在告诫青少年们不要沉迷于电脑游戏，电竞职业并不是他们想象中那样。
1. D 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：在2017年，世界上有多少位职业玩家？根据第二段第二句“In 2017, there were mre than 3，000 gaming cmpetitins and ver 10，000 prfessinal players wrldwide.”可知，电竞选手的人数已经超过了10000。故选D。
2. B 【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：第二段中划线单词“thriving”的意思是什么？根据第二段第三句“A large number f than 1，000，000 dllars frm prize mney and ads.”可知，这个行业开始欣欣向荣。故选B。
3. C 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：我们从文章的最后一句话可以推断出什么？根据文章最后一句可推断出，有一些青少年疯狂迷恋打游戏。 故选C。
4. A 【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：文章的中心思想是什么？通读全文可知，文章主要讲了电子竞技并不只是娱乐和游戏，职业玩家面临着精神上的压力、身体的伤痛和职业生涯短暂等问题。故选A。
Passage 4
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了英国最伟大的画The Fighting Temeraire(《被拖去解体的战舰无畏号》)。
1. B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：《被拖去解体的战舰无畏号》 。根据第一段最后一句“Peple chse this picture t be the greatest painting in Britain.”可知，人们选它为英国最伟大的画。故选B。
2. C 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：那艘旧船被拖到了院子里 。根据第二段第四句和第五句“It's in fact taking the Temeraire n its last jurney. The ld ship is ging t the breaker's yard. ”可知，这是这艘大船的最后一次航行，它将要被拖去解体。故选C。
3. A 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据这篇文章，拖船代表什么？根据第三段第五句和第六句“ In the little, brwn tugbat we it's very strng, because it's pulling the much bigger ship.”可知，这个小小的拖船标志着新的工业时代的到来。它虽然小，但是它非常强大，因为它可以拖动比它大得多的船。故选A。
4. D 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：我们能从最后两段中了解到什么？根据文章最后一句“Yu can see it tday in the Natinal Gallery in Lndn. ”可知，今天在伦敦国家美术馆人们还可以看到它。故选D。
Passage 5
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了机器人在我们的日常生活中能帮助我们做很多事情以及它的特征。
1. C 【解析】代词指代题。题干意为：第二段中划线单词“it”是关于 。根据文章第二段倒数第二句话“It will als help yu t decide what yu will need t build int a machine befre it can be cnsidered as a rbt.”可知it指代machine。故选C。
2. D 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：化学传感器可以帮助一个机器人去 。根据第三段最后一句话“ sensrs(nse)．..”可知是闻。故选D。
3. B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据这篇文章一个机器人有多少种方式为自己提供动力？根据第五段第二句“Sme rbts might pwer themselves with sunlight, sme might with electricity, while thers with the batteries(电池)．”可知是三种。故选B。
4. C 【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：最后一段中单词“Intelligence”的汉语意思是 。根据文章第六段第一句中的关键词“smarts”可知，该词的意思是“智能”。故选C。
5. A 【解析】写作意图题。题干意为：这篇文章的主要目的是什么？ 根据文章内容可知，这篇文章的目的就是帮助人们了解有关机器人的事情。故选A。
Passage 6
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文中介绍了“五一劳动节”的由来和美国人现在如何庆祝劳动节，以及现在在美国人们庆祝劳动节的时间和其所代表的意义。
1. D 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：在19世纪80年代晚期人们在工厂里一天工作多久？根据文中第二段第一句“ wrked fr furteen t sixteen hurs a day in factries, but made very little mney.”可知他们工作14到16小时。故选D。
2. A 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为： 处最好填入哪一项？结合空格所在的句子以及下文“工人们开始罢工游行”可知，最初老板们并不同意工会的想法。故选A。
3. B 【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：画线单词“frce”意思是什么？结合画线单词所在句子“They walked thrugh cities and twns t frce bsses t let them wrk eight hurs a day.”可知他们上街游行去迫使老板们让他们每天工作8小时，可推测出“frce”表示“迫使”。故选B。
4. D 【解析】句子排序题。题干意为：以下事件正确的顺序是什么？结合文中上下文可知，工人们首先成立了工会，在工会要求老板缩短工作时间并涨工资遭到拒绝后，工人们罢工上街游行争取更好的生活，在抗争中几个人牺牲了，随后工人们在每年的五月一日停工来表示对工人的尊重。结合选项可知D项为正确的顺序。故选D。
5. C 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：现在在美国人们经常如何庆祝劳动节？根据文中第四段倒数第二句“Peple enjy a lng weekend and ften celebrate it by having picnics with friends r family.”可知现在美国人和家人朋友一起野餐来庆祝劳动节。故选C。
Passage 7
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种干净且很受欢迎的能源——风能。
1. B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：为什么新的风车不会杀死鸟儿？因为 。根据文中第四段最后一句“New windmills spin slwly, and they aren't dangerus fr birds.”可知新风车旋转得慢，不会对鸟儿造成危险。 故选B。
2. D 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：人们什么时候开始使用风能的？根据第二段第二句“Fr thusands f years, peple have used wind t sail bats and mve water.”可知几千年来，人们一直使用风能驾船和调水。 故选D。
3. D 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为： ，因此我们不能一直使用风能。根据第五段倒数第二句“Als, wind desn't blw all the time, s we can't use wind pwer all the time.”可知是因为风不会一直刮。 故选D。
4. B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：文章讲了关于风能的什么？根据文中第三段最后一句“Als, wind pwer is cheap, and it's getting even cheaper.”可知风能越来越便宜。 故选B。
5. C 【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：这篇文章最好的标题是什么？通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了风能因为便宜和干净，越来越受欢迎。 故选C。
Passage 8
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了面部缺陷患儿的遭遇以及一个国际性慈善组织——Smile Train如何帮助患面部缺陷孩子重现笑容和希望。
1. C 【解析】 细节理解题。题干意为：“微笑火车”是一个 慈善机构。根据第一段第一句“Smile Train is a charity (慈善团体) that helps the millins f children arund the wrld, wh suffer frm a facial defect (缺陷)．” 可知文章Smile Train是一个帮助全世界几百万承受面部缺陷痛苦的孩子的慈善团体。故选C。
2. A 【解析】 词义猜测题。题干意为：第2段中划线单词“abandned”一词的意义最接近 。根据第二段第二句和第三句“Althugh many sufferers are accepted ... ften abandned at birth because their parents feel ashamed f them r cannt affrd the peratins.” 可知，因为他们的父母感到羞耻或者不能承担手术费，而选择遗弃孩子。故选A。
3. D 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：这位来自英国的医生对他的志愿者工作有什么看法？根据第三段中“Each child wh has the peratin is given a secnd chance at did the peratin and gave hpe t the family. ” 可知这位医生给患儿带去希望，他认为自己的工作有价值。故选D。
4. B 【解析】 推理判断题。题干意为：从这篇文章可以推断出 。根据最后一段倒数第二句“Experienced dctrs like me share ur skills with lcal dctrs.”可知，很多像我一样有经验的医生给当地医生传授做面部手术的技艺，说明有更多的医生被培养出来。故选B。
Passage 9
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了紫禁城和故宫博物院的现状。
1. A 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：紫禁城的现状是 。根据第一段最后一句“ 599­year­ld palace cmplex(宫殿群) becmes the wrld's busiest museum.”可知，现在紫禁城变成了世界上最繁忙的博物馆。故选A。
2. B 【解析】数字计算题。题干意为：故宫博物院已经对公众开放了 年。根据第二段第二句“When the Palace Museum was funded in 1925, the public culd g int the palaces.”可知，故宫博物院在1925年建成之时就对公众开放，可推知到现在是2019－1925＝94。故选B。
3. C 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：下面哪一项不是紫禁城吸引了更多外国游客的原因？根据全文内容可知，C项未在文中提及。故选C。
4. A 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据最后一部分，年轻人主要是通过 对故宫博物院了解得更多。根据倒数第三段中的“On the Palace Museum's nline stre n Taba”、倒数第二段中的“Sme favurite prducts als g ffline.”和倒数第一段中的“but nw I am mre willing t visit it after watching several ppular TV shws abut the museum”可知，年轻人主要是通过a，b，d三种途径了解故宫博物院。故选A。
5. D 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：根据文章，哪一项是正确的？根据第四段第二句“It attracted abut 3.5 millin visitrs frm abrad...”可知故宫吸引了很多外国游客，D项正确。故选D。
Passage 10
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了数字货币的广泛使用。有些人还不相信数字货币，或者担心数字货币的安全性，但是现在的网上购物必须使用数字货币。
1. A 【解析】段落大意题。题干意为：第一段主要告诉我们什么？分析第一段内容可知，主要介绍了什么是数字货币。故选A。
2. A 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：第二段中的问题的合理答案是什么？根据第二段“If yu want t buy smething nline, then yu usually have t use digital currency.”可知，网上购物必须用数字货币。故选A。
3. B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：第三段提及的第一个问题是什么？分析第三段提到的前半部分内容，很多人不相信数字货币是第一个题。故选B。
4. D 【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：下面哪项是文章的最佳标题？分析整篇文章可知，主要介绍了数字货币，一种触摸不到的钱。故选D。
Passage 11
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“Play fr Peace”这个努力为儿童创造平安生活环境的机构。
1. C 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：这篇文章讲的是哪个机构？根据文章内容可知讲的是“Play fr Peace”。故选C。
2. A 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：该机构的主要目的是什么？根据第一段最后一句“T make a mre peaceful wrld.”可知这个组织的目的是让世界更和平。故选A。
3. C 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：Mandeep认为她在项目中的经历怎么样？根据倒数第二段最后两句“It was a big challenge fr me. But I grew t feel safe and like them even thugh they were different frm me.”可知对她来说是挑战但有意义的。故选C。
4. D 【解析】写作意图题。题干意为：作者写这篇文章的目的是什么？根据文章内容可知主要介绍的是“Play fr Peace”这个机构，所以目的是把这个机构介绍给读者。故选D。
Passage 12
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。作者主要介绍了自己的家乡——剑桥，也介绍了伦敦的情况。
1. A 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：剑桥在 。根据第一段第一句“ I cme frm Cambridge, a beautiful city in the east f England.”可知剑桥在英国东部。故选A。
2. B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：文章中提到了多少名人的例子？根据第一段第四句“Many famus peple studied here, such as Isaac Newtn and Charles Darwin.”可知提到了两位名人。故选B。
3. D 【解析】 细节理解题。题干意为：我们对剑桥和伦敦了解什么？根据第一段第二句“It is n the River Cam and has a ppulatin f abut 120，000. ”及第二段第三句“It has a ppulatin f abut seven and a half millin, s it is bigger and busier than Cambridge.”可知伦敦的人口比剑桥多。故选D。
4. C 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：游客喜欢英格兰南部的 。根据第三段第三句“Turists like the areas f lw villages in the suth.”可知游客喜欢英格兰南部的村庄。故选C。
5. C 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：在英国是 。根据最后一段第一句“It is never very ht in summer r very cld in winter.”可知英国的冬天不是很冷。故选C。
Passage 13
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了关于英国在几个不同方面，如对茶的喜爱，战争，肥胖率等方面的一些有趣的事实。
1. B 【解析】段落大意题。题干意为：第一段介绍了英国的 。根据第一段内容可知，第一段主要介绍了英国是由哪几部分组成。故选B。
2. C 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：英国人最常喝什么？根据第三段第一句“The English drink the mst tea in the wrld.”可知，英国人最常喝的是茶。故选C。
3. A 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：英桑战争是什么时候发生的？根据第四段第二句“The Angl­Zanzibar War fught in 1896 lasted nly 45 minutes, just the time fr a class.”可知，这场战争爆发于1896年。故选A。
4. C 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：作者最常使用什么来讲述事实？根据文章中频繁出现的数字可知，作者主要是用数字讲述事实的。故选C。
5. B 【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：这篇文章最好的题目是什么？根据文章内容，文章主要介绍了关于英国的一些有趣的历史事实。故选B。