中考英语专题练习 阅读理解 话题十 咨询建议（含解析）

这是一份中考英语专题练习 阅读理解 话题十 咨询建议（含解析），共14页。
Smetimes it seems that time is flying. Perhaps it desn't need t feel this way. Our experience f time can be pssibly changed. By understanding the psychlgical(心理学的)prcesses behind ur different experiences f time, we might be able t slw dwn time a little.
One basic law f psychlgical time is that time seems t slw dwn when we're expsed(接触) t new envirnments and experiences. The law is caused by the relatinship between ur experience f time and the amunt f infrmatin ur minds prcess. The mre infrmatin ur minds take in, the slwer time seems t pass.
It fllws, then, that we have different experiences f time in different situatins. In sme situatins, ur life is full f new experiences. Our minds prcess a lt f infrmatin and time seems t slw dwn. In ther situatins, we have fewer new experiences and the wrld arund us becmes mre and mre familiar(熟悉的). We becme insensitive t ur experience, which means we prcess less infrmatin, and time seems t speed up.
Hw can we slw dwn time? Here are tw suggestins.
Firstly, since we knw that familiarity makes time pass faster, we can expse urselves t as many new experiences as pssible. We can give urselves new challenges, meet new peple, and expse ur minds t new infrmatin, hbbies and skills. This will increase the amunt f infrmatin ur minds prcess and expand(增加) ur experience f time.
Secndly, and perhaps mst effectively, we can give ur whle attentin t an experience—t what we are seeing, feeling, tasting, smelling r hearing. This means living thrugh ur senses rather than thrugh ur thughts. Fr example, n the way hme, fcus yur attentin utside f yurself, instead f thinking abut the prblems yu have t deal with. Lk at the sky, r at the buildings yu pass, traveling amng them. This pen attitude t yur experiences helps take in mre infrmatin and als has a time­expanding effect.
T a certain degree, we can understand and cntrl ur experience f time passing. It's pssible fr us t slw dwn time by expanding ur experience f time.
( )1. Accrding t the writer, we can expand ur experience f time by________．
A. ging t ged n time
B. traveling t new places
C. having dinner as usual
D. printing the same materials
( )2. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Being familiar with the wrld arund helps us get mre infrmatin.
B. Understanding psychlgical time makes life pass mre quickly.
C. We can take in mre infrmatin by living thrugh ur senses.
D. We shuld build a strnger relatinship between time and us.
( )3. Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Slw Dwn Time B. Only Time Will Tell
C. Race Against Time D. Time Will Nt Cme Twice
Passage 2(2019重庆A卷)
Fights at schl smetimes happen. But hw can yu keep away frm a fight? Here's smething yu can d.
Be calm(冷静). Smetimes, yu feel s angry that yu really want t teach smebdy a lessn. But being angry can't slve prblems. Neither can a fight. Instead, it may bring yu mre prblems. In the schl, everyne invlved(卷入) in a fight will be punished, n matter wh started it. There are n winners in a fight.
Shut ludly. If yu knw smene is cming up behind yu t attack,__turn tward the persn with yur hands up in frnt f yur bdy and ludly say “stp” befre walking away. Lud vice can usually make the attacker calm dwn. If the persn desn't stp, cry fr help by calling ut the name f a teacher whse ffice is nearby.
▲ Yur friend may ask yu t jin in a fight. Learn t say n. Helping him fight is nt really helpful t him. If yu really want t give him a hand, try t ask him t give it up. Als, yu can tell him if he gets invlved in a fight, he may get hurt and be punished. Then, try t learn why he wants a fight and help him find a right way t deal with the prblem.
( )1. The underlined wrd “attack” in Paragraph 3 means “________” in Chinese.
A. 拥抱 B. 攻击 C. 阻止 D. 吸引
( )2. Which f the fllwing sentences can be put in the ▲ ？
A. Face bravely. B. Jin in a fight.
C. Learn t refuse. D. Talk t smene.
( )3. The passage is written t ________．
A. help students keep away frm fights
B. warn students nt t fight
C. advise students t help each ther
D. encurage students t wrk hard
( )4. The passage is written in a/an ________ tne(语气)．
A. sad B. angry C. serius D. crazy
Passage 3(2019福建)
Have yu ever heard the phrase “Yu never get a secnd chance t make a first impressin(印象)”？ It may sund like an unusual piece f advice, but it is true—the first impressin smene has f yu when meeting yu fr the first time will prbably influence hw that persn treats yu r reacts t yu in the future.
What is even mre interesting is that the brain takes in all the infrmatin t create that first impressin in abut three secnds. When yu meet smene fr the first time, by the time yu have stated yur name r shaken hands, the ther persn has already frmed an pinin abut the kind f persn yu are.
S hw d yu make a gd first impressin? All things grwn­ups tell yu—such as being plite, and being well­dressed—are very imprtant. Hwever, the mst imprtant tl fr making a gd first impressin is yur face. Smiling, being respnsive, and lking like yu are happy will almst always leave a psitive(积极的) impressin n peple, especially thse wh d nt knw yu. Mst peple, generally speaking, are ready t smile back when they are smiled at.
Furthermre, smiling and being in a psitive md helps yu t knw and get a better understanding f new things. This means that yu can pssibly be friendlier t peple yu d nt knw and be mre creative and able t slve prblems mre quickly. S if yu ever need a reasn t be happy, think abut the wnderful peple yu might meet—and impress—with a cheerful smile.
( )1. What des the underlined wrd “reacts” in Paragraph 1 prbably mean in Chinese?
A. 回应 B. 道歉 C. 报告 D. 建议
( )2. Which paragraph shws hw sn thers frm pinins n yu?
A. Paragraph 1. B. Paragraph 2.
C. Paragraph 3. D. Paragraph 4.
( )3. What is the mst imprtant t leave gd impressins?
A. Shaking hands. B. Stating yur name.
C. Dressing nicely. D. Wearing a smile.
( )4. What can be learned frm the last paragraph?
A. Friendliness helps slve prblems.
B. Being psitive helps yu find a way ut.
C. There are many reasns t be happy.
D. Thinking f great peple cheers yu up.
( )5. What wuld be the best title fr the text?
A. The First Impressin Des Cunt
B. Smiling Makes the First Impressin
C. Manners Leave Deep Impressins
D. Impressins Decide Wh Yu Are
Passage 4(2019连云港)
Yu think it's “cl” t carry yur backpacks and head ut t schl. But if yu dn't knw exactly hw t chse, lad, lift and wear them—these all­imprtant accessries(配件) can be a pain in the back. Nt t mentin the neck, head and shulders.
Backpacks can influence yur health. Carrying a heavy lad imprperly can lead t pr bdy psitin; and even hurt the spinal clumn(脊柱). This can cause muscle strain, headaches, back, neck and arm pain.
Fr example, if it is carried n ne shulder, a heavy backpack frces the muscles and spine t balance the unequal weight. This may increase the pssible back prblems later in life.
Mre than 50 percent f yung peple suffer back pain by their teenage years. Research shws that this culd be mainly caused by imprper use f backpacks.
Here's sme advice t help yu carry backpacks cmfrtably and safely.
Chse the right backpack. Frget leather(皮革)! It lks great, but it's far t heavy. G fr canvas(帆布). Pick a pack that has tw wide, adjustable, cmfrtable shulder straps(带子), alng with a hip r waist strap, and plenty f pckets. Make sure the pack fits prperly and its size is suitable fr the wearer's bdy.
Pack it prperly. Only put in the pack what is needed fr that day. It's a gd idea t knw what each bject weighs. The ttal weight f the filled pack shuld be n mre than 10 t 15 percent f the wearer's wn bdy weight. Pack the heaviest bjects clse t the bdy, and place little nes utside, away frm the back.
Put the backpack n. Put the pack n a smth surface, at waist height. Put n the pack, ne shulder at a time, then adjust(调整) the straps t fit cmfrtably. Remember when lifting a backpack, r anything, t lift using the arms and legs and t bend at the knees.
Use the right way t wear a backpack. Bth shulder straps shuld be used, and adjusted s that the pack fits the bdy, withut hanging t ne side. Backpacks shuld never be wrn ver just ne shulder. Yu shuld be able t mve yur hands between the backpack and yur back. The waist strap shuld als be wrn.
Take the abve advice, and yu may nt cmplain back pain, numbness r weakness in yur arms and legs any mre.
( )1. What culd mainly cause sme yung peple t suffer back pain by their teenage years?
A. T much hmewrk. B. Pr treatment fr backs.
C. Imprper use f backpacks. D. Unhealthy sleep psitin.
( )2. Which f the fllwing des the writer suggest?
①Chse leather backpacks because it lks “cl” t g t schl.
②Pick a pack that its size is suitable fr the wearer's bdy.
③Make sure the backpack cntains nly what is needed fr that day.
④Pack the heaviest bjects clse t the bdy, and place little nes utside.
⑤Put the pack n a smth surface, abve the waist height.
A. ①②④ B. ①③⑤ C. ②③④ D. ②③⑤
( )3. If a by weighs 40kg, hw heavy shuld his filled backpack be at mst?
A. Abut 4kg. B. Abut 6kg.
C. Abut 10kg. D. Abut 15kg.
( )4. What is the passage mainly abut?
A. Sme prblems that teenagers face in their study at schl.
B. The suitable backpack material that yu shuld chse.
C. The gd influence that backpacks have n yur health.
D. Sme advice n hw t carry backpacks cmfrtably and safely.
Passage 5(2019无锡)
Hbbies let yu explre interests utside f yur line f wrk. They let yu be creative and try all kinds f new things. If yu're bred with yur ld hbby, picking a different ne can get yur creative juices flwing again.
Lk at what interests yu.
Check what yu lve ding in yur spare time. D yu enjy reading bks? Maybe yu want t try yur hand at writing yur wn. D yu like a cup f ht cffee at the end f the day? Maybe yur hbby culd be trying t make it at hme. Turn what yu already lve int a hbby.
Think abut what yu value mst.
D yu value wisdm r curage? D yu admire artists? Let such questins guide yu when chsing a hbby.
Fr example, maybe yu culd vlunteer at a library as a hbby because yu value educatin, r maybe yu culd try painting because yu admire peple wh can express themselves with art.
Check yur skills and persnality.
Certain hbbies require certain skill sets.
If yu dn't have much patience, then maybe ging fishing isn't smething yu'd enjy. Hwever, if yu lve repairing and building things, maybe yu shuld cnsider a hbby like wrking n lder cars r building furniture. Play t yur strengths.
Pay attentin t yur favurite 3 ．
The way yu talk abut things can als shw what yu really like and it can be develped int a hbby.
Think abut the tpics yu g n endlessly abut. Ask yur friends and family what yu talk abut all the time. Nw, think abut the subject that yu enjy s much and decide hw it can be turned int a hbby.
( )1. This passage is mst prbably taken frm ________．
A. a magazine fr ld peple B. a magazine fr yung peple
C. a picture bk fr children D. a picture bk fr babies
( )2. This passage mainly shws us ________．
A. hw t find a new hbby
B. hw t give up ld hbbies
C. why yu must find a new hbby
D. why yu must give up ld hbbies
( )3. Which is the mst suitable wrd fr __3__？
A. hbbies B. skills C. tpics D. interests
Passage 6(2019台州)
STUDY HELP
Fr many tests and exams, yu are tested n yur abilities t cmmunicate successfully. In rder t speak English fluently, yu need t think in English. If yu dn't, yur speech will be slw and it wn't sund natural. Here are sme things yu can d t practice thinking in English.
•Lk at bjects arund yur hme and schl, and think f what they are called in English. Try t make a direct cnnectin between the bject and the English wrd.
•When yu are ut in a public place, practice describing the things and peple yu see in yur mind. Fr example, think, “There is a man walking dwn the street. He's wearing a suit. I think he is ging t wrk.” Try t think in English first, nt in yur first language.
•When yu have t say smething in English, think first and ask yurself, “What wrds and phrases d I knw in English that I can use in this situatin？” Try nt t think in yur first language and translate yur ideas int English. If yu d, yu will get frustrated very quickly.
Try these tips and yu'll sn find that yu are thinking in English.
( )1. The passage is mst prbably written t ________．
A. students B. teachers C. parents D. reprters
( )2. The writer gives sme advice n hw t ________．
A. greet peple in English B. practice thinking in English
C. write an article in English D. imprve English listening skills
( )3. The passage abve might be frm the ________ clumn(栏目) in a magazine.
A. News Crner B. Stry Garden
C. Language Wrld D. Technlgy Square
Passage 7(2019怀化)
Flu(流感)easily spreads frm ne persn t anther. If yu are weak, yu prbably catch flu easily. D yu knw hw yu can avid flu? Here are sme suggestins：
Keep in gd health
Yu can eat everything yu want but make sure that yur diet is healthy. The healthier yu are, the better it is fr yu t avid any type f illness arund. Mst dctrs suggest drinking lts f fresh fruit juice and water is helpful t avid flu.
Stay away frm peple with flu
If a member f the family r a friend has flu, stay away frm him/her until he/she is well. Flu is very cmmunicable. If yu stay with the persn with flu, yu can catch flu easily. Wear a mask(口罩)and avid using things that the persn with flu is using.
Exercise
Exercising will make yu strnger, which means a strnger immune system(免疫系统), t. Exercise ften s that yur bdy will keep healthy. It desn't matter what kind f exercise it is.
Be happy
Happy peple are healthy peple. Their life isn't stressed ut, s they may be safe frm illness. If yu are unhappy, yu will easily get sick.
Aviding the flu is easy. Just bst(增强)yur immune system and it will take care f the rest.
( )1. Hw many suggestins f aviding flu are talked abut in the passage?
A. Three. B. Fur. C. Five.
( )2. The underlined wrd “cmmunicable” means “________”．
A. 无效的 B. 致命的 C. 传染的
( )3. What shuld we d t stay away frm peple with flu?
A. Exercise ften. B. Eat junk fd. C. Wear a mask.
( )4. What's the best title(标题)f this passage?
A. Hw t avid flu.
B. Hw t keep in gd health.
C. Hw t exercise.
话题十 咨询建议
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。本文通过了解我们不同时间经历背后的心理过程，介绍了心理学意义上可以让时间慢下来的方法，引导我们珍惜时间，增加生命的体验厚度。
1. B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据作者所说，我们可以通过 来扩展我们的时间经验。根据第五段第一句“ can expse urselves t as many new experiences as pssible.”及最后一句“This will increase the amunt f infrmatin ur minds prcess and expand(增加) ur experience f time.”可知是要接触新的事物，选项中只有B项去新的地方旅行属于新事物。故选B。
2. C 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：从短文中我们能学到什么？根据短文第六段第二句“This means living thrugh ur senses rather than thrugh ur thughts.”和最后一句“This pen attitude t yur experiences helps take in mre infrmatin and als has a time­expanding effect.”可知C项表述正确。故选C。
3. A 【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：以下哪项是本文的最佳标题？通读全文可知，本文首尾段都在讲关于“slw dwn time”及如何“slw dwn time”。故选A。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。作者主要就如何远离打架提出了三点建议：保持冷静、大声喊以及学会拒绝。
1. B 【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：第三段中划线单词“attack”的汉语意思是“ ”。联系下文“with yur hands up in frnt f yur bdy and ludly say ‘stp'”可知，此处指“如果你知道有人要在你身后袭击你”。故选B。
2. C 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：下面哪个句子可以被放在 ▲ 。根据本段关键句“Learn t say n.”可知，本段主题是要学会拒绝。故选C。
3. A 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：(作者)写这篇短文是为了 。阅读短文可知，作者主要就如何远离打架提出了几点建议。故选A。
4. C 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：本文是以 语气来写的。作者在本文中通过举例子，打比方等说明方法，就如何远离打架，向学生提出了三点建议，由此可知作者的语气是严肃的。故选C。
Passage 3
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。针对如何给别人留下一个好的第一印象给出了几条建议。
1. A 【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：第一段中划线单词“reacts”的汉语意思可能是什么？ 根据上文“the first time will prbably influence hw that persn treats yu”可知，此处是指对你的回应，故选A。
2. B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：哪一段显示了别人多久会对你形成看法？根据第二段第一句“What is even mre interesting is that the brain takes in all the infrmatin t create that first impressin in abut three secnds.”可知，大约三秒钟的时间里就会对别人产生第一印象。故选B。
3. D 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：留下深刻印象最重要的是什么？ 根据第三段第三、四句“Hwever, the mst imprtant tl fr making a gd first impressin is yur face. Smiling, being respnsive...”可知，留下深刻印象最重要的是微笑。故选D。
4. B 【解析】段落大意题。题干意为：从最后一段可以学到什么？根据最后一段第一句“Furthermre, smiling and being in a psitive md helps yu t knw and get a better understanding f new things.”可知，微笑和保持积极的情绪有助于你了解和更好地理解新事物。故选B。
5. A 【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：这篇文章最好的标题是什么？通过阅读整篇文章可知，本文介绍的是如何给人留下一个好的第一印象，所以是第一印象的重要性。故选A。
Passage 4
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。本文就如何舒适安全地背书包提出了四点建议。
1. C 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：是什么主要导致了年轻人在青春期背痛？根据第四段“Mre than 50 percent f yung caused by imprper use f backpacks.”可知超过50%的年轻人在青少年时期遭受背痛。研究表明，这主要是由于背包使用不当造成的。故选C。
2. C 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：下列哪项是作者建议的？根据第六段最后一句“Make sure the pack fits prperly and its size is suitable fr the wearer's bdy.”；第七段第二句“Only put in the pack what is needed fr that day.”；第七段最后一句“Pack the heaviest bjects clse t the bdy, and place little nes utside, away frm the back.”可知第②、③、④项是作者提出的。故选C。
3. B 【解析】数字计算题。题干意为：如果一个男孩体重40公斤，他的书包最多可以装多重？根据第七段第四句“The ttal weight f the filled pack shuld be n mre than 10 t 15 percent f the wearer's wn bdy weight.”可知填充物的总重量不应超过佩戴者自身体重的10%至15%，那么如果男孩40公斤，他装满了的背包最多重大约6公斤。故选B。
4. D 【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：本文主要关于什么？通读全文可知，你必须确切地知道如何选择、负重和背背包，否则，你的背部就会疼痛。本文主要就如何舒适安全地背包提出了四点建议，再根据第五段“Here's sme advice t help yu carry backpacks cmfrtably and safely.”可知选D。
Passage 5
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何培养新的爱好提出了四点建议：看看什么让你感兴趣、考虑什么让你最为珍惜、检验你自己的技能和个性、关注你最喜欢的话题。
1. B 【解析】 推理判断题。题干意为：本文最可能选自 。根据文章第一句“Hbbies let yu explre interests utside f yur line f wrk.”可知这类文章比较适合年轻人阅读。故选B。
2. A 【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：本文主要向我们展示了 。根据文章第一段第三句“If yu're bred with yur ld hbby, picking a different ne can get yur creative juices flwing again.”和文中的四个小标题可知，文章主要向我们展示了如何找到一个新的爱好。故选A。
3. C 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：对于 3 ， 哪一个是最合适的单词？根据最后一段中的“Think abut the tpics yu g n endlessly abut. Ask yur friends and family what yu talk abut all the time.”可知是“关注你最喜欢的话题”。故选C。
Passage 6
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了用英语思考的三个小窍门。
1. A 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：这篇文章最可能是写给 。根据第一段第一句“Fr many tests and exams, yu are tested...”可知只有学生会进行很多考试。故选A。
2. B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：作者给出了一些关于 的建议。根据第一段最后一句“Here are sme things yu can d t practice thinking in English.”可知是介绍如何用英语思考。故选B。
3. C 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：这篇文章可能来自一本杂志上的 栏目。通读全文可知，本文和学习英语有关。故选C。
Passage 7
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文中介绍避免流感的一些建议：保持健康，远离流感患者，锻炼和保持快乐。
1. B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：在这篇文章中，有多少条关于避免流感的建议？ 根据文章的介绍可以归纳出：保持健康，远离流感患者，锻炼和保持快乐四条建议。故选B。
2. C 【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：划线单词“cmmunicable”的意思是“ ”。根据下文“If yu stay with the persn with flu, yu can catch flu easily.”可以推断该词意为“传染的”。故选C。
3. C 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：我们应该做些什么来远离流感患者？ 根据第三段最后一句“Wear a mask(口罩) and avid using things that the persn with flu is using.”可知应该戴口罩。故选C。
4. A 【解析】标题归纳题。题干意为：这篇文章最好的标题是什么？文章第一段开篇点题，引出避免流感的建议，可知是如何避免流感。故选A。