中考英语专题练习 阅读理解 话题十五 热点话题（含解析）

这是一份中考英语专题练习 阅读理解 话题十五 热点话题（含解析），共19页。
Passage 1(2019台州)
Brke wanted a dllhuse and sme sugar ckies. S the 6­year­ld asked Alexa t get them. Alexa wasn't her mm r babysitter. It was a vice­activated hme assistant pwered by AI(人工智能). And it made Brke's wishes cme true. A few days later, much t her parents' surprise, a $170 dllhuse and fur punds f ckies shwed up. They ate the ckies and gave away the dllhuse t a lcal hspital. And that's nt the end f the stry. When a news reprter tld the stry f what happened n TV, Alexa devices(设备)in many listeners' hmes wke up and tried t rder dllhuses!
Alexa isn't the nly AI willing t serve yu. Apple Hmepd has Siri, Ggle Hme has its Assistant, and the upcming Galaxy Hme device will have Bixby. Peple wh have these devices use them mainly fr listening t music, checking the weather, and setting timers. Accrding t a reprt frm The Infrmatin, nwadays vice shpping is rare. But many scientists predict a bm(增长) in vice shpping in the near future. Is that a gd thing?
________. Yu can shut ut an rder as sn as yu think f it, even if yu are cking, cleaning, r driving. In additin, peple with disabilities wh are unable t use a keybard r muse can shp withut any help.
But vice shpping has its disadvantages. Unwanted dllhuses aren't the biggest prblem. It's usually very easy t cancel an rder r return prducts. The thing that wrries sme peple is that these assistants are always listening. They have t be able t respnd when yu want them. S they listen fr “Alexa” r “OK Ggle” r anther rder. When they hear it, they start recrding the cnversatin. Sme have wrried abut what happens t these recrdings. Shuld cmpanies be allwed t use them t learn abut peple's shpping habits? And what if smene hacks(入侵) the device? The CIA fund a way t hack smart TVs t turn them int spies that listen all the time. Others culd d the same with any smart device.
What d yu think? Are yu ready t start vice shpping?
( )1. Frm the passage, we knw that Alexa ________．
A. can lk after the baby B. can ck delicius fd
C. is a ty dll sld nline D. is ne kind f AI device
( )2. The underlined wrd “rare” in Paragraph 2 prbably means ________．
A. unusual B. expensive C. harmful D. impssible
( )3. Which f the fllwing is the best t fill in the “________” in Paragraph 3?
A. Cnvenience is the main advantage f vice shpping
B. The cst f vice shpping is lwer than ther ways
C. The ppularity f vice shpping is increasing
D. The technlgy f vice shpping needs imprving
( )4. Paragraph 4 mainly tells us that ________ when peple try vice shpping.
A. AI smetimes frgets peple's rders
B. persnal infrmatin might be hacked
C. it's difficult t cancel r return prducts
D. the needs fr prducts can't be satisfied
Passage 2(2019自贡)
If yu lk at the tp f yur phne, yu'll usually see a little symbl that says 3G r 4G .The “G” stands fr the “generatin” (代) f yur mbile netwrk. But the symbls will becme things f the past after 5G netwrks fully arrive.
On March 30, Shanghai vice­mayr Wu Qing made the first 5G vide call n a Huawei Mate X Smartphne. Shanghai has als becme the first city in China t start testing 5G netwrks.
Abut 100 times faster than 4G netwrks, 5G will let peple dwnlad and uplad data(数据) faster than ever befre. But 5G wn't just bring faster mbile internet. Peple can use it fr many ther things as well.
Fr example, 5G will help t make self­driving cars safer. Tday's self­driving test cars have ne prblem—lag(延迟). When the car “sees” an bstacle(障碍物), it sends this infrmatin t a data center and receives instructins. Hwever, it will be sme time befre it sends and receives this infrmatin. With this kind f lag, the cars might crash because they dn't receive instructins in time. With 5G, this lag will be greatly lwered, making the cars safer.
5G culd als be used t pwer the internet f things(IT), that is, a large nline netwrk that cnnects all things and peple. Fast internet speeds will be the key t develping this technlgy. The IT culd be used in a lt f ways. Fr example, with IT, yur refrigeratr culd autmatically(自动地) place an rder nline fr eggs when it finds that there are n eggs left inside.
( )1. Which city was 5G tested fr the first time?
A. Beijing. B. Shanghai. C. Shenzhen.
( )2. What can we infer(推测) accrding t the passage?
A. 5G is widely used in China nw.
B. 5G netwrks will make ur lives mre cnvenient.
C. There are n symbls at the tp f ur phnes.
( )3. The writer uses self­driving cars as an example t ________．
A. explain hw 5G's fast speed can be helpful
B. warn abut the pssible dangers f self­driving cars
C. explain hw self­driving cars wrk
( )4. What is IT accrding t the passage?
A. A rbt that can d husewrk.
B. An nline stre where yu can buy anything.
C. A large nline netwrk that cnnects things and peple.
( )5. Which sentence is right accrding t the passage?
A. 5G will help us buy eggs quickly.
B. Rbts can help us buy eggs nline.
C. Our refrigeratr can rder eggs nline fr us.
Passage 3(2019宿迁)
Technlgy is develping fast and it has becme an imprtant part f ur life. Then what will the wrld be like in the future?
3­D fd will be bth delicius and nutritius(有营养的). We can use 3­D printers t print sme basic materials. __①__ And we can g further. Scientists believe that we just need t turn n a printer in the kitchens and then we can enjy ur favurite fd whenever we like.
__②__ 5G netwrk will allw many mre peple t get infrmatin. Big cmpanies like China Mbile and China Unicm will start t ffer 5G. It is said that 5G prmises dwnlad speeds 10 t 20 times faster than 4G. Fr example, we can dwnlad a film within just 1 secnd. But with a 4G netwrk, it takes a few minutes. There will be much bandwidth(带宽) and we can get unlimited(无限的) infrmatin.
Underwater cities will prvide mre space. The earth is becming mre and mre crwded. We may turn t underwater hmes, which will be built as lw as 15 kilmeters belw the sea. And the different temperatures at the different depths(深度) f the sea can be used t prvide pwer fr the hmes.
__③__ Fr us cmmn peple n the earth, the dream f travelling arund space will cme true. In the cming years, spacecraft will be as ppular as buses, trains and planes. We can leave ur hme and enter space t take an adventure(冒险). And even we will get used t living there.
A rbt will be a part f life. Rbts can d many f the same things as we humans d like driving cars. But they will be used in ther areas as well. They will be able t think. They can tell the difference between right and wrng. They can feel sadness r jy. When we are lnely, they can have a talk with us like real friends.
__④__ In a wrd, just as Jules Verne said, “Anything ne man can imagine, ther men can make real.”
( )1. Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing statements abut the future wrld is TRUE?
A. 3­D fd will be easy t make but wn't taste gd.
B. With 5G, users will get nly a little infrmatin.
C. Underwater cities will prvide mre living space.
D. A rbt will d everything fr us human beings.
( )2. Where can the sentence “Space tur will be a piece f cake.” be put?
A. ① B. ② C. ③ D. ④
( )3. What can we infer(推断) frm the passage?
A. Peple will live a hard life in the future.
B. Technlgy will make ur future better.
C. Peple will have n real friends in the future.
D. Technlgy will make n difference t ur future.
( )4. Where des the passage prbably cme frm?
A. A strybk. B. A film pster.
C. A travel guide. D. A science magazine.
Passage 4(2019绍兴)
T help Japanese cmpanies better deal with the increasing number f freigners visiting the cuntry, Panasnic has created a megaphne(扩音器) which is able t smartly translate Japanese int English, Chinese and Krean.
Panasnic named the prduct “Megahnyaku”. It is a term fr the Japanese wrds fr “megaphne” and “translate”， which actually makes a lt f sense because it's a megaphne that can translate Japanese int several ther languages in real time. When a user speaks Japanese int the megaphne, it recgnizes(辨认) and translates what is being said immediately, and utputs the wrds in English, Chinese r Krean.
It sunds amazing, and seeing it in actin is wnderful, but Megahnyaku is nt gd enugh. It cannt translate everything yu say, as it nly stres 300 cmmn expressins, like “The train has been put ff” r “Watch yur step”. Hwever, the Japanese cmpany behind Megahnyaku prmises t add new expressins regularly, which users can get n the Internet.
The machine was designed t be used in places like transprt statins, airprts and places f interest, where quick and exact annuncements are needed mst. Arund 30 Japanese rganizatins, including the plice and guides, have been trying ut Megahnyaku fr abut ne year, but Panasnic says it will cme nt the market n December 20th. Instead f selling these speech translatrs, Panasnic plans n renting(出租) them ut fr less than $183 a mnth n a three­year agreement, and ffering users future imprvements and necessary services.
Panasnic has als said that it may add supprt fr ther languages, like Russian, depending n custmers' needs. Megahnyaku als includes a tuch screen that allws users t chse the language they need their speech translated int.
( )1. Panasnic has prduced Megahnyaku s that ________.
A. guides can translate Chinese int Japanese faster
B. Japanese cmpanies can receive freigners better
C. freigners can talk with the Japanese freely
D. the Japanese can learn ther languages easily
( )2. The third paragraph is mainly abut the ________ f Megahnyaku.
A. inventin B. imprtance C. disadvantage D. histry
( )3. It can be learnt frm Paragraph 4 that Megahnyaku ________．
A. may be ppular with the plice
B. is widely used in private hmes
C. will be sld n December 20th
D. stres abut 30 freign languages
( )4. Accrding t the passage, Panasnic will ________ in the future.
A. sell Megahnyaku t freign visitrs
B. bring dwn the price f Megahnyaku
C. change the screen f Megahnyaku
D. imprve Megahnyaku regularly
Passage 5(2019广安)
Artificial intelligence(AI)(人工智能) is the ability f a cmputer prgram r a machine. The cmputer r the machine with AI can think and learn. It is als a field f study that tries t make cmputers “smart”. Jhn McCarthy, a scientist, came up with(提出) the name “artificial intelligence” ver 60 years ag. Many things such as learning and prblem slving can be dne by cmputers, thugh nt in the same way as peple d.
An unusual gal f AI research is t create special cmputer prgrams. They can learn, slve prblems, and think lgically(逻辑地). At present, AI can successfully understand human speech, recgnize(识别) human faces, perate self­driving cars and cmpete in sme game systems like playing Chess. Hwever, sme peple cnsider(认为) AI a danger t humans if it develps t quickly. A famus British scientist als was nt fr this kind f technlgy.
Math is the basic language f AI. If students are gd at math, they will be mre likely t becme successful AI designers(设计者) in the future. We need nt nly bright students but als average(普通的) students. As fr(对于) average students, if they get enugh math skills, they can als becme successful AI designers. Besides, a gd knwledge f cmputer science is als necessary fr AI designing.
Scientists hpe t create creative(有创造力的) and emtinal(有情感的) AI. The AI can pssibly understand human feelings r create art. Many ways and tls have been tried t discver this wide and exciting field.
( )1. Frm Paragraph 1, we knw that ________．
A. all prblems can be slved by cmputers
B. machines with AI can think and learn
C. AI has been arund fr nly 60 years
D. AI wrks in the same way as peple
( )2.Accrding t the passage, what can't AI d at present?
A. Understand human speech.
B. Operate self­driving cars.
C. Cmpete in sme game systems.
D. Understand human feelings.
( )3. The underlined wrd “it” in Paragraph 2 refers t(指的是)________．
A. chess B. a scientist C. the danger D. AI
( )4. Accrding t the passage, if students want t becme successful AI designers, they shuld learn ________ well.
A. math and art
B. art and technlgy
C. math and cmputer science
D. art and cmputer science
( )5. Paragraph 4 mainly tells us the scientists' ________ abut AI.
A. wishes B. wrries C. feelings D. discveries
Passage 6(2019舟山)
Fresh green grass. Hundreds f clrful wild flwers. Water running int little pls. Birds making their hmes in bxes. The 9，500­square­metre Augustenbrg Btanical Garden may lk just like any ther well­rganized park but there's a difference. It lies n the rfs(屋顶) f industrial and ffice buildings in the city f Malmö in Sweden.
Green rfs are nt a new inventin. And nw they are getting ppular again. The cmmn rfs f a mdern city have endless black surfaces with n life r water. Perhaps that's why a garden n a rf becmes such a perfect chice fr mre and mre peple.
Green rfs are nt just pretty. They als help t mderate the city temperature. The high temperatures n cmmn rfs in the summer can make tp flr flats uncmfrtably ht. What is mre, they play a part in making the cities htter than the cuntryside arund them, causing the “urban heat­island effect”. On a green rf, hwever, with its plants and water, temperatures change nly a little, as they d in a park. This can greatly cut the csts f heating and cling in the building belw.
Als, a green rf takes in rain water, and prtects the city drainage(排水) system. ________ And small animals and birds can make their hmes n it. Thanks t this, the city may becme part f nature, rather than smething cmpletely separate frm it.
While the cst f building such a rf can still be higher, it can be cheaper in the lng term as a result f energy savings. And wuldn't it be wnderful t be able t walk ut int a garden high abve the city's nise and traffic, whether yu're at schl r in an ffice r just at hme in a ten­flr blck?
( )1. With the example f Augustenbrg Btanical Garden, the writer wants t explain ________．
A. hw wildlife is prtected
B. what a green rf is like
C. hw t rganize a gd park
D. what t d with a spare rf
( )2. The underlined wrd “mderate” in Paragraph 3 is the clsest in meaning t “________”．
A. raise B. check C. recrd D. cntrl
( )3. Which f the fllwing is the best sentence t fill in the blank in Paragraph 4?
A. A green rf is alive.
B. A green rf stps pllutin.
C. A cmmn rf is nisy.
D. A cmmn rf increases the cst.
( )4. The purpse f the passage is t______．
A. discver the prblems with green rfs
B. intrduce the change f green rfs
C. shw the amazing beauty f green rfs
D. describe the advantages f green rfs
其他热点
Passage 7(2019烟台)
In 1987, a small cmpany named Huawei was started in Shenzhen. After mre than 30 years f develpment, the cmpany has nw beaten Apple and becme the wrld's secnd­largest maker f smartphnes behind Krea's Samsung. It has als becme the wrld's largest supplier(供应商)f 5G.
But recently, Huawei faced sme difficulties. The U．S. gvernment rdered a ban(禁令)n its sales in America. American fficials said Huawei gave infrmatin that it cllected t the Chinese gvernment. At the same time, the U．S. gvernment planned t stp selling parts and services t Huawei, which was believed that Huawei's business wuld be hurt.
“We have never received such a request frm Chinese gvernment and we have never tried t get int ther system t cllect infrmatin.” Ren Zhengfei, Huawei's funder and president said.“The ban frm the U．S. wuld have little effect n ur cmpany. Huawei has enugh ability t deal with the prblems.” Ren added.
In an interview several years ag, Ren Zhengfei said, “I started Huawei with nly ￡4，000 at the beginning, but nw it has becme a $100 billin cmpany. The__experience__was__nt__as__rmantic__(浪漫的)as__yu__imagine.”
Facing the ban f the U．S., Huawei is grwing. Huawei's smartphne sales arund the wrld rse 50 percent cmpared t a year earlier in the first three mnths f 2019. At the same time, sales frm bth Samsung and Apple fell. S far, Huawei has grwn int the wrld's largest telecmmunicatin equipment(电信设备)supplier, selling in 170 cuntries. It may beat Samsung as the largest smartphne maker in the near future.
( )1. Which cmpany is the largest smartphne supplier f 5G in the wrld?
A. Apple. B. Samsung. C. Huawei. D. Nkia.
( )2. Why did the U．S. rder a ban n Huawei?
A. Huawei's sales in America were grwing faster than Apple.
B. Huawei refused t supply services t the U．S. gvernment.
C. They didn't want Apple t sell parts and services t Huawei.
D. They thught Huawei cllected infrmatin fr the Chinese gvernment.
( )3. Frm what Ren Zhengfei said, we can learn that Huawei________．
A. is deeply affected by the ban
B. has gt int the system f the U．S.
C. can slve the prblems they are facing
D. is asked t supply infrmatin t China
( )4. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 means________．
A. Huawei's develping experience was hard
B. it is rmantic t start a cmpany with ￡4，000
C. the rmantic experience was a large amunt f wealth
D. peple can understand Huawei's develping experience easily
( )5. What des the writer want t tell in the last paragraph?
A. Huawei will grw slwly.
B. Huawei is full f hpe.
C. Huawei's sales will be dubled.
D. Huawei is the largest smartphne maker.
Passage 8(2019常州)
There is gd news fr students f vcatinal(职业的) clleges in China: the gvernment has annunced plans t develp mdern vcatinal educatin.
Premier Li Keqiang said the gvernment shuld speed up the develpment f mdern vcatinal educatin t meet the need fr skilled wrkers and technicians(技术人员) in the jb market. High schl graduates and wrkers with n special training are encuraged t study in higher vcatinal clleges. Li said that the number f the new students in higher vcatinal clleges in China shuld g up by 1 millin this year. This is the first time the central gvernment has a clear plan.
This cmes after the news f the large shrtfall(不足) in highly skilled technicians, althugh China has millins f technical wrkers. China is expected t face a shrtfall f 3 millin skilled wrkers wh can perate the newest machines by 2020. The shrtfall will grw t 4.5 millin by 2025. Als, vcatinal educatin is unsatisfactry(不令人满意的), althugh there are many vcatinal clleges in China. In sme vcatinal clleges, the educatin methds and curses cannt meet the need f upgrading(升级) manufacturing(制造业). As can be seen frm the jb market, sme cmpanies still can't find highly skilled technicians even with high pay.
T deal with the prblem, sme vcatinal clleges have wrked with cmpanies t teach students. They have hired skilled technicians frm cmpanies as teachers. With the rising f the skilled wrkers' scial psitin and pay, it is believed the vcatinal educatin system in China will start t play a bigger rle in the develpment f China.
( )1. What's the main purpse f the develpment f mdern vcatinal educatin in China?
A. T train mre highly skilled technicians fr the jb market.
B. T help vcatinal cllege graduates get higher pay frm their wrk.
C. T ask mre peple t live n themselves with technical skills.
D. T encurage mre cmpanies t upgrade manufacturing.
( )2. What is ne f the prblems f Chinese vcatinal educatin accrding t the passage?
A. Higher vcatinal cllege teachers are nt well paid and valued.
B. There are nly a small number f higher vcatinal clleges in China.
C. The educatin methds and curses in vcatinal clleges are unsatisfactry.
D. Sme f the vcatinal cllege teachers are skilled technicians frm cmpanies.
( )3. The writer believes China's future vcatinal educatin is________．
A. hpeful B. dubtful
C. unsatisfactry D. wrrying
Passage 9(2019安顺)
Millins f American sybean(大豆)farmers in 2019 are lsing mney because China is nt buying their crps any mre. But garlic(大蒜)grwers in Califrnia are making mre mney.
Fr many years, sales f garlic in Califrnia had been little because f the much cheaper garlic frm China. This year, hwever, Califrnia garlic sales are rising because American gvernment increases tariffs(关税)n Chinese prducts.
Christpher, a garlic grwer in Califrnia, is manager f his cmpany and he said, “In a perfect wrld, we wuld lve t see the tariffs n China.”
Tariffs n Chinese garlic rse frm 10% t 25% n May 9, 2019, and the reasn is that U．S President Dnald Trump increased tariffs n Chinese prducts wrth f $200 billin. Since then, Chinese buyers have almst stpped buying sybeans frm the United States and American sybean farmers are nw getting wrried.
Nt everyne likes the garlic tariffs in the U．S. Last July Christpher expressed his supprt n Trump's plicy(政策). Hwever, fficials frm McCrmick and Cmpany Inc. didn't agree with the plicy. McCrmick's CEO, Lawrence tld Reuters(路透社)that withut Chinese garlic America can't g. Actually, the trade war(贸易战)between China and America is a sign f American hegemny(霸权), and it will destry American ecnmy and U．S gvernment will lse its trust frm ther cuntries in the wrld.
( )1. Frm the passage we infer(推理)that ________．
A. America is buying garlic frm China as much as befre
B. American sybean farmers make mney as much as befre
C. China is still buying crps frm America as much as befre
D. Garlic grwers in Califrnia are making mre mney than befre
( )2. Why is less Chinese garlic bught by America this year?
A. Because enugh garlic is grwn in Califrnia.
B. Because American gvernment has increased tax(税收)n Chinese garlic.
C. Because China is nt buying sybeans frm America.
D. Because cmpanies supprt American gvernment.
( )3. What des the underlined wrd “it” in the last paragraph refer t?
A. China B. the trade C. American hegemny D. a sign
( )4. Hw much tariff did American gvernment increase n Chinese garlic n May 9, 2019?
A. 15% B. 25% C. 10% D. 35%
( )5. Accrding t the passage, wh disagrees with the American plicy f having tariffs n Chinese prducts?
A. Christpher B. Dnald Trump
C. Califrnia garlic grwers D. Lawrence话题十五 热点话题
Passage 1
【主旨大意】这是一篇说明文。主要通过Brke利用人工智能语音激活的家庭助手，买了一间玩具屋和一些甜点这一故事，介绍了声控购物的利与弊。
1. D 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据文章，我们了解到Alexa 。结合文章第一段第四句“It was a vice­activated hme assistant pwered by AI(人工智能)．”可知Alexa是一种人工智能设备。故选D。
2. A 【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：第二段中划线单词“rare”的意思可能是 。根据下句“But many scientists predict a bm(增长) in vice shpping in the near future.”可推知，目前这种购物方式是很罕见的。故选A。
3. A 【解析】句子还原题。题干意为：下面哪个句子放在第三段中的横线上最合适？根据横线后内容“Yu can shut ut an rder as sn as yu think f it, even if yu are cking...”可知横线处应该是讲声控购物的便利性。故选A。
4. B 【解析】段落大意题。题干意为：第四段主要告诉我们当人们尝试声控购物的时候 。根据第四段倒数第三句“And what if smene hacks(入侵)the device？”可知很多人都担心尝试声控购物时，个人信息会被窃取。故选B。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了5G网络的到来，上海成为中国第一个开始测试5G网络的城市。5G比4G网络快100倍，它将帮助人们下载和上传数据的速度比以往都快，它不仅可以使移动互联网更快，还能让人们做更多的事情。
1. B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：哪个城市是第一个测试5G网络的？根据文章第二段第二句中 “Shanghai has als becme the first city in China t start testing 5G netwrks .”可知上海是测试5G网络的第一个城市。故选B。
2. B 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：从文章中我们可以推测到什么？根据文章后三段大意可知5G网络将会使我们的生活越来越便捷，B项正确。故选B。
3. A 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：作者用自驾车来举例是为了 。根据文章倒数第二段第一句中“5G will help t make self­driving cars safer.”可知5G对自驾车而言能够使自驾车更加安全。故选A。
4. C 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据文章，IT是什么？根据最后一段第一句中的“ is, a large nline netwrk that cnnects all things and peple.”可知，它是一个连接人与事物的大型网络系统。故选C。
5. C 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据文章，下面哪一句是正确的？根据文章最后一段最后一句“ IT, yur refrigeratr culd autmatically(自动地)place an rder nline fr eggs when it finds that there are n eggs left inside.”可知当冰箱里没有鸡蛋的时候，便捷的网络将会帮助冰箱在网上自动购买鸡蛋。故选C。
Passage 3
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了未来的3­D食品、5G网络、水下城市、太空旅行和机器人。
1. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章，下面关于未来世界的说法哪一个是正确的？根据第四段第二、三句“The earth is becming mre and mre crwded. We may turn t underwater hmes...”可知，水下城市将提供更多的生活空间。故选C。
2. C 【解析】句子还原题。题干意为：哪个空可以填入“Space tur will be a piece f cake.”？根据第五段空格后第一句“Fr us cmmn peple n the earth, the dream f travelling arund space will cme true.”可知，太空旅行将是小菜一碟。故选C。
3. B 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：从文章中我们可以推断出什么？通读全文可知，3­D食品、5G网络、水下城市、太空旅行和机器人将对未来产生重大影响，将会使得我们未来生活更加美好。故选B。
4. D 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：本篇文章可能来自哪里？本文介绍了未来世界会是什么样的，分别介绍了未来的3­D食品、5G网络、水下城市、太空旅行和机器人，所以本文可能来自一份科学杂志。故选D。
Passage 4
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了日本松下公司创造出的一种新型扩音器。
1. B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：松下已经生产Megahnyaku以便于 。由文中第一段“T help Japanese cmpanies better deal with the increasing number f freigners... smartly translate Japanese int English, Chinese and Krean.”可知松下公司生产扩音器的目的是帮助日本公司更好地应对外国游客数量的上升。故选B。
2. C 【解析】段落大意题。题干意为：第三段主要是关于Megahnyaku的 。由文中第三段第一句“It sunds amazing, and seeing it in actin is wnderful, but Megahnyaku is nt gd enugh.”可知本段落主要是关于Megahnyaku的缺点。故选C。
3. A 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：从第四段可以了解到Megahnyaku 。根据文中第四段第二句“Arund 30 Japanese rganizatins, including the plice and guides, have been trying ut Megahnyaku fr abut ne year...”可知扩音器已在警局使用了一年，由此推测出它可能受警方欢迎。故选A。
4. D 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据这篇文章，松下在未来会 。根据文中第四段最后一句“ ffering users future imprvements and necessary services.”可知松下为使用者提供未来的一些改进和必要服务。故选D。
Passage 5
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了人工智能的起源、具体功能及对人工智能设计者的基本要求，在文章最后对人工智能前景提出了展望。
1．B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：从文章第一段，我们知道 。根据第一段第二句“The cmputer r the machine with AI can think and learn.”可知，人工智能的电脑或机器可以思考和学习。故选B。
2．D 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：根据这篇文章，人工智能现在不能做什么？根据第二段第三句“At present, AI can successfully understand human speech, recgnize(识别) human faces, perate self­driving cars and cmpete in sme game systems like playing Chess.”可知D项未提及到。故选D。
3．D 【解析】代词指代题。题干意为：第二段画线单词“it”指的是 。根据画线单词所在的句子“Hwever, sme peple cnsider(认为)AI a danger t humans if it develps t quickly.”可知，有些人认为如果人工智能发展得太快，会对人类构成威胁。此处的代词it指的是主语AI。故选D。
4．C 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据短文，如果学生们想要成为成功的人工智能设计者，他们应该学好 。根据第三段第一句“Math is the basic language f AI.”以及最后一句“Besides, a gd knwledge f cmputer science is als necessary fr AI designing.”可知，想成为成功的人工智能设计者，应该学好数学和电脑科学。故选C。
5．A 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：第四段主要告诉我们科学家关于人工智能的 。根据第四段第一句“Scientists hpe t create creative(有创造力的) and emtinal (有情感的)AI.”可知，科学家们希望创造出具有创造力和情感的人工智能。推理可知，主要表明科学家的愿望。故选A。
Passage 6
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章首先通过一个事例告诉我们什么是绿色房顶，其次展开叙述了绿色房顶有哪些优势，最后讲到虽然目前绿色房顶的造价很高，但是长期而言，相比于绿色屋顶带来的能源节约，建造它的花费就显得微不足道了。
1. B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：举Augustenbrg Btanical Garden的例子，作者是想要解释 。根据第一段倒数两句可知，作者举这个例子主要是想说什么是绿色房顶。故选B。
2. D 【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：第三段的划线单词“mderate”最接近的意思是 。根据第三段第二句“They als help t mderate the city temperature.”以及第三段段意，可知此处是指对气温的调控或者控制。故选D。
3. A 【解析】句子还原题。题干意为：下面哪一个句子最适合填在第4段的空白处？根据第四段内容，绿色房顶可以收集雨水，保护排水系统，并且小动物和鸟儿们还可以在这里安家，因此这是一个有生机的房顶。故选A。
4. D 【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：文章的主要目的是 。通读文章，全文主要讲了绿色房顶有什么优势。故选D。
Passage 7
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章开头告诉我们，美国政府以华为泄密为由禁止其在美国销售，同时也计划停止向华为出售零部件和服务。正文部分通过华为总裁任正非的采访表明，美国的一系列制裁行为是无理的，同时华为也准备好了一系列的应对措施。最后，文章叙述了近几个月华为所取得的成就。
1. C 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：哪家公司是世界上最大的5G供应商？根据第一段第一句“In 1987, a small cmpany named Huawei was started in Shenzhen.”及最后一句“It has als becme the wrld's largest supplier(供应商)f 5G.”可知，华为已经成为世界上最大的5G供应商。故选C。
2. D 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：为什么美国下令禁止华为在美销售？根据第二段第二、三句“The U．S. gvernment rdered a ban(禁令)n its sales in America. American fficials said Huawei gave infrmatin that it cllected t the Chinese gvernment.”可知，美国之所以禁止华为在美国销售是因为美国认为华为在美帮助中国政府收集信息。故选D。
3. C 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：从任正非的话中，我们可以了解到华为 。根据第三段第一句中的“We have never received such a request frm Chinese gvernment and we have never tried t get int ther system t cllect infrmatin.”可知，B、D选项不正确。根据第三段第二、三句中的“The ban frm the U．S. wuld have little effect n ur cmpany. Huawei has enugh ability t deal with the prblems.”可知，A选项错误，C选项正确。故选C。
4. A 【解析】句意猜测题。题干意为：第四段中划线句子意思是 。根据第四段任正非的回答“I started Huawei with nly￡4，000 at the beginning, but nw it has becme a $100 billin cmpany. The experience was nt as rmantic (浪漫的)as yu imagine.”可知，华为的发展并不容易。故选A。
5. B 【解析】段落大意题。题干意为：作者在最后一段想说什么？文章最后一段主要告诉我们，在美国制裁后，华为并没有受到很大的影响，相反在一定程度上还取得了更好的销售成绩。且华为的电信设备供应已经遍及了世界上很多个国家和地区。所以华为未来的前景是非常可观的。故选B。
Passage 8
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了为了满足就业市场对熟练工人和技术人员的需求，政府鼓励高中毕业生和未经专门培训的劳动者到高职院校学习，同时也宣布了发展现代职业教育的计划。
1. A 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为： 中国发展现代职业教育的主要目的是什么？根据文章第二段第一句“Premier Li Keqiang said the gvernment shuld speed up the develpment f mdern vcatinal educatin t meet the need fr skilled wrkers and technicians(技术人员) in the jb market.”可知，中国发展职业教育的主要目的是满足就业市场对熟练工人和技术人员的需求。故选A。
2. C 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为： 根据文章，中国职业教育的问题之一是什么？根据第三段倒数第二句“In sme vcatinal clleges, the educatin methds and curses cannt meet the need f upgrading(升级) manufacturing(制造业)．”可知，一些职业院校的教育方法和课程无法满足制造业升级的需要。故选C。
3. A 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为： 作者认为中国未来的职业教育是 。根据文章第一段“There is gd develp mdern vcatinal educatin.”以及文章最后一段最后一句“With the rising f the skilled wrkers' scial psitin and ... develpment f China.”可以推断出作者认为中国未来的职业教育是有希望的。故选A。
Passage 9
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。由于美国对中国的关税政策，加利福尼亚的大蒜销售增长。美国的关税政策不仅损害了美国的经济，美国政府也将失去世界上其他国家的信任。
1. D 【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：从这篇文章中我们推断出 。A项：美国从中国买的大蒜和之前一样多。此项文中未提及；B项：美国种植大豆的农民和之前赚钱一样多。此项文中未提及；C项：中国和之前一样，仍然从美国买同样多的农作物。根据第四段最后一句可知此项错误；D项：加利福尼亚的大蒜种植者比之前赚了更多的钱。由第三段最后一句话的句意“在一个完美的世界，我们(美国大蒜种植者)乐意看到对中国的关税”，可以推断此项正确。故选D。
2. B 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：为什么今年美国从中国购买更少的大蒜？根据第二段可知是由于美国关税的提高所以本地大蒜销售增加。故选B。
3. C 【解析】代词指代题。题干意为：最后一段划线单词“it”指的是什么？根据原句句意“事实上，中美贸易战是美国霸权的标志，它将摧毁美国经济，美国政府将失去世界各国的信任。”由句意推测可知， “it” 指的是霸权。故选C。
4. A 【解析】数字计算题。题干意为：美国政府在2019年5月9日对中国大蒜的关税增长了多少？由第四段第一句在2019年5月9日，对中国大蒜的关税从10%增加到了25%，可知增加了15%。25－10＝15。故选A。
5. D 【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据文章，谁不同意美国对中国产品征收关税的政策？根据文章最后一段第四句McCrmick的CEO劳伦斯告诉路透社，没有中国大蒜，美国就不能前进。可知Lawrence不支持这项政策。故选D。