2018届高考英语（人教）大一轮复习领航课时规范训练：选修六 Unit 4　Global warming Word版含答案

这是一份2018届高考英语（人教）大一轮复习领航课时规范训练：选修六 Unit 4　Global warming Word版含答案，共10页。试卷主要包含了 B．8， D．10等内容，欢迎下载使用。

A
Fr a lng time the packaging industry has been attacked fr using what is thught as large amunts f packaging, chsing materials which are felt t have high impacts n the envirnment, and fr being respnsible fr littering and verflwing landfills. In a study perfrmed by WRAP, ne f the first t study fd waste in the UK in 2012，the mst frequent respnses when cnsumers were asked abut packaging were “uses t much material” and “bad fr the envirnment”. The cnclusins f these reprts highlighted that the degree f the prblem has been largely underestimated: at least 30% f fd prduced in the wrld is wasted. These figures are similar n matter if yu are in the develped r develping wrld.
Hwever, tw publicatins frm crss­industry wrk grups were published recently, and have managed t reset the discussin t take int accunt the benefits f packaging fr sustainability(可持续性). The first publicatin，“The Glbal Prtcl n Packaging Sustainability”， describes an agreed cmmn apprach twards measuring packaging sustainability metrics(指标), s that the industry is nt cmpeting based n the definitin f a metric, but rather cmpeting based n perfrmance. The secnd was, “Packaging in the Sustainability Agenda, A Guide fr Crprate Decisin Makers”， which highlighted the cntributins f packaging t the three aspects f sustainability：packaging prtects prducts and prevents waste (envirnmental aspect); packaging enables efficient business cnduct (ecnmic aspect); and packaging prvides cnsumers with the benefits f the prducts it cntains(scial aspect)．
Packaging perfrms indeed a wide variety f functins thrughut the value chain and cntributes t reducing fd waste by prtecting ingredients(佐料)and prducts during transprtatin and by delivering family­sized packages. Fd waste culd be avided fr single husehlds if they are prvided with the chice f pack sizes meeting their cnsumptin patterns and are nt frced t buy larger packs that they may nt be able t finish befre the use­by date. Despite the fact that smaller sized packs use mre packaging，the fact that fd waste is reduced wuld nevertheless decrease verall envirnmental impacts f the packed prduct.
1．It has lng been thught that ________.
A．larger quantities f fd are wasted in develped cuntries
B．WRAP is the first authrity t study fd waste in the UK
C．packaging des great harm t the envirnment
D．packaging ffers a pwerful means t reduce fd waste
2．Accrding t the tw publicatins in Paragraph 2，________.
A．an agreement shuld be reached n measuring packaging sustainability
B．the industry shuld cmpete based n the definitin f
sustainability metrics
C．smaller sized packs prmte less packaging and purchase amng cnsumers
D．sustainable packaging is ec­friendly, ecnmically practical and scially beneficial
3．The authr's attitude twards packaging is ________.
A．apprving B．negative
C．casual D．dubtful
【语篇导读】 本文介绍了包装对环境是有害的。
1．解析：选C。根据第一段第一句话可知包装对环境是有害的。
2．解析：选D。根据第二段最后一句话中的关键词：envirnmental aspect；ecnmic aspect；scial aspect可知合适的包装是生态环保的，对于社会和经济都是有益的。
3．解析：选A。根据文章最后一段可知作者对于适度的包装还是赞成的。
B
Thusands f cities arund the glbe turned ff their lights fr an hur t mark 2014 Earth Hur, a symblic shw f supprt fr the envirnment rganized by the Wrld Wide Fund fr Nature.
Since the mvement began in Sydney, Australia, in 2007, it has spread t mre than 7,000 cities acrss mre than 160 cuntries. Singapre cntinues t hld ne f the wrld's largest lights­ff events, drawing arund 9,000 peple this year t Marina Bay Sands, a cmmercial center typically awash in electricity.
T mark the event, actrs Andrew Garfield, Jamie Fxx, Emma Stne and a grup f ther famus stars frm The Amazing Spider­Man 2 mvie were in twn.
Other icnic landmarks that fell dark included the Petrnas Twin Twers in Kuala Lumpur，Bangkk's Wat Arun temple, the Empire State Building in New Yrk, the Eiffel Twer in Paris, Sydney Opera Huse, Red Square in Mscw，the Bird's Nest in Beijing and Hng Kng Harbr.
As the mvement has grwn, mre rganizatins and business have cmmitted t switching ff their lights in supprt f effrts t reduce their envirnmental ftprint. In Singapre, at least 600 rganizatins and cmpanies agreed t either switch ff their lights r participate in mvements t use fewer plastic bags, take shrter shwers, turn ff their air­cnditining units r switch t LED lighting.
This year the Wrld Wide Fund fr Nature, which first launched wrldwide Earth Hur, als launched Earth Hur Blue, a crwd­funding platfrm aimed at raising mney fr envirnmental prjects arund the glbe. On Mar. 26, a prject t stp the illegal wildlife trade in Asia by prviding assistance t wildlife rangers became the first ne t reach its target f $20,000 by relying cmpletely n crwdfunding.
The hur­lng event has little if any impact n electricity cnsumptin, but as an awareness raising event it has registered success.
In a statement t mark Saturday's event, Andy Ridley, CEO and C­Funder f Earth Hur, said Asia's rapidly grwing digital presence is an added bnus that has helped pwer ur mvement.
4．Which f the fllwing may serve as the best title f the passage?
A．2014 Earth Hur B．Save Our Earth
C．Lights­ff Event D. Earth Hur Blue
5．We can infer frm the reprt that ________.
A．Australia and Singapre were the first tw cuntries t launch Earth Hur
B．mre than 7,000 cities frm 160 cuntries tk part in 2014 Earth Hur
C．sme famus mvie stars frm The Amazing Spider­Man 2 were invited t Singapre t celebrate the event
D．the Wrld Wide Fund fr Nature first rganized Earth Hur wrldwide
6．Hw many different specific places are mentined in the text t have participated in 2014 Earth Hur acrss the wrld?
A．7. B．8.
C．9. D．10.
7．Based n the reprt, which f the fllwing statements is NOT crrect?
A．Marina Bay Sands is a cmmercial center lcated in Singapre.
B．Earth Hur Blue is a platfrm intended t cllect mney fr envirnmental prjects arund the glbe.
C．Andy Ridley is the chief executive fficer f Earth Hur and ne f its funders.
D．LED lighting is an energy­saving device which desn't use electricity.
【语篇导读】 本文是一篇说明文。全球数千座城市响应了2014年的“地球一小时”(Earth Hur)熄灯活动。这是一项由世界自然基金会(Wrld Wide Fund fr Nature)发起的象征性的环保运动。许多名人和著名景点都响应了这项活动。
4．解析：选A。主旨大意题。根据第一段内容可知，全球数千座城市响应了2014年的“地球一小时”熄灯活动。在下文中也是围绕这一主题展开，故选A项。
5．解析：选D。推理判断题。根据第一段中． by the Wrld Wide Fund fr Nature.以及倒数第三段This year the Wrld Wide Fund fr Nature，which first launched wrldwide Earth Hur，...可推断世界自然基金会最先组织了世界范围的“地球一小时”熄灯活动。故选D项。
6．解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中提到的Marina Bay Sands，以及第四段中提到的Petrnas Twin Twers in Kuala Lumpur，Bangkk's Wat Arun temple，the Empire State Building in New Yrk，the Eiffel Twer in Paris，Sydney Opera Huse，Red Square in Mscw，the Bird's Nest in Beijng and Hng Kng Harbr可知，一共提到九个地点。故选C项。
7．解析：选D。推理判断题。根据第五段中的． rganizatins and business have cmmitted t switching ff their lights in supprt f effrts t reduce their envirnmental ftprint switch t LED lighting.可知，越来越多的组织和企业通过熄灯来支持环保行动。在新加坡，至少有600个组织和企业同意关闭灯光，或参加减少塑料袋使用、缩短沐浴时间及改用LED(发光二极管)灯等活动。由此处并结合常识可推断，LED lighting是一种节能设备，但并不是不用电。故选D项。
长难句分析：In Singapre，at least 600 rganizatins and cmpanies agreed t either switch ff their lights r participate in mvements t use fewer plastic bags，take shrter shwers，turn ff their air­cnditining units r switch t LED lighting.
句式分析：这是一个含有并列动词不定式的简单句。主语：600 rganizatins and cmpanies；谓语动词：agreed；宾语：t either switch ff their lights r participate in mvements；并列动词不定式t use，(t)take；(t)turn ff，(t)switch t在句中作定语，修饰mvements。
句意：在新加坡，至少600个组织和企业同意要么关掉灯，要么参加各种运动，比如尽量少用塑料袋，缩短冲澡时间，关掉空调设备或者换成LED照明。
C
(2016·高考北京卷)
Surviving Hurricane Sandy(飓风桑迪)
Natalie Dan,14，has always felt lucky t live in Rckaway, New Yrk. Living just a few blcks frm the beach，Natalie can see the cean and hear the waves frm her huse.“It's the cean that makes Rckaway s special，”she says.
On Octber 29, 2012, that cean turned fierce. That night, Hurricane Sandy attacked the East Cast, and Rckaway was hit especially hard. Frtunately, Natalie's family escaped t Brklyn shrtly befre the city's bridges clsed.
When they returned t Rckaway the next day, they fund their neighbrhd in ruins. Many f Natalie's friends had lst their hmes and were living far away. All arund her, peple were suffering, especially the elderly. Natalie's schl was s damaged that she had t temprarily attend a schl in Brklyn.
In the fllwing few days, the men and wmen helping Rckaway recver inspired Natalie. Vlunteers came with carlads f dnated clthing and tys. Neighbrs devted their spare time t helping thers rebuild. Teenagers climbed dzens f flights f stairs t deliver water and fd t elderly peple trapped in pwerless high­rise buildings.
“My mm tells me that I can't cntrl what happens t me，”Natalie says，“but I can always chse hw I deal with it.”
Natalie's chice was t help.
She created a website page, matching survivrs in need with dnrs wh wanted t help. Natalie psted infrmatin abut a by named Patrick, wh lst his baseball card cllectin when his huse burned dwn. Within days, Patrick's cllectin was replaced.
In the cming mnths, her website page helped lts f kids: Christpher, wh received a new basketball; Charlie，wh gt a new keybard. Natalie als wrked with ther rganizatins t bring much­needed supplies t Rckaway. Her effrts made her a famus persn. Last April, she was invited t the White Huse and hnred as a Hurricane Sandy Champin f Change.
Tday, the scars (创痕)f destructin are still seen in Rckaway, but hpe is in the air. The streets are clear, and many hmes have been rebuilt.“I can't imagine living anywhere but Rckaway，”Natalie declares.“My neighbrhd will be back，even strnger than befre.”
8．When Natalie returned t Rckaway after the hurricane，she fund ________.
A．sme friends had lst their lives
B．her neighbrhd was destryed
C．her schl had mved t Brklyn
D．the elderly were free frm suffering
9．Accrding t Paragraph 4, wh inspired Natalie mst?
A．The peple helping Rckaway rebuild.
B．The peple trapped in high­rise buildings.
C．The vlunteers dnating mney t survivrs.
D．Lcal teenagers bringing clthing t elderly peple.
10．Hw did Natalie help the survivrs?
A．She gave her tys t ther kids.
B．She tk care f yunger children.
C．She called n the White Huse t help.
D．She built an infrmatin sharing platfrm.
11．What des the stry intend t tell us?
A．Little peple can make a big difference.
B．A friend in need is a friend indeed.
C．East r west, hme is best.
D．Technlgy is pwer.
【语篇导读】 这是一篇记叙文。本文的主人公——14岁的女孩娜塔莉——主动参与重建遭受飓风重创的家乡。她建立了一个网站，为外界的捐赠者和家乡需要帮助的人结对，同时帮助很多孩子实现了自己的梦想。她应邀到白宫，并被授予荣誉称号。
长难句解读：Natalie psted infrmatin abut a by named Patrick，wh lst his baseball card cllectin when his huse burned dwn.
分析：本句中过去分词named Patrick作定语修饰名词a by，wh引导非限制性定语从句修饰a by。从句中的when引导时间状语从句，动词短语burn dwn表示“烧毁”。
译文：娜塔莉在网站发布了一个叫帕特里克的男孩的信息。他家的房子(在飓风中)被烧毁了，因此他失去了自己收集的棒球卡。
8．解析：选B。细节理解题。由题干的“ the hurricane”可知，答案应该在第三段。娜塔莉一家在飓风过后回到家乡，发现街区已变为废墟(neighbrhd in ruins)，很多朋友失去了家园，并且住到了很远的地方。人们都在遭受苦难，特别是老年人。从这些信息可知选B。
9．解析：选A。细节理解题。由第四段第一句中的“the men and wmen helping Rckaway recver inspired Natalie”可知选A。
10．解析：选D。细节理解题。由第七段可知，娜塔莉建立了一个网站，让捐助者与需要帮助的人通过这个网站建立联系，以此来帮助他们，因此选D。
11．解析：选A。主旨大意题。本题给出的四句谚语的含义依次为：“小人物也有大作为”；“患难之友才是真正的朋友”；“金窝银窝不如自己的狗窝”；“技术就是力量”。本文介绍的是14岁的小女孩娜塔莉如何帮助家乡的重建工作，因此选A。
D
(2017·四川成都模拟)“Develped and develping natins can learn frm each ther seeking a lw­carbn ecnmy，”a Chinese gvernment fficial said in Shanghai yesterday.
“China desn't lag develped natins in terms f energy saving and green ecnmy，”said Zhu Changyi，directr f the energy saving department f the Ministry f Industry and Infrmatin Technlgy.
“While we can learn many aspects frm develped natins, they als shuld learn smething frm us, such as water cnservatin，”Zhu said in a speech during the new Path f China's Industrializatin frum at the nging China Internatinal Industry Fair 2009.
He said industrialized natins and China are dealing with different issues t cmbat climate change. The United Kingdm, fr example, is cncerned abut transprt, buildings and new energy in reducing carbn emissins. Fr China, the mst urgent task is hw t realize new type f industrializatin and avid mistakes that ther cuntries made when they industrialized.
As such, verseas exhibitrs at this year's fair are shwing ways t help China achieve lw­carbn emissins in the industrial sectin.
Swiss pwer and autmatin technlgy grup ABB called fr a strnger fcus n prduct life cycle assessment, r LCA, which is used t study the envirnmental impact f a prduct frm the research and manufacturing stage thrugh its usage and recycling.
Tbias Becker, head f ABB's prcess autmatin divisin fr Nrth Asia and China, said LCA is an effective tl in helping manufacturing industries t reduce carbn emissins.
LCA shws that industrial custmers shuld fcus n a prduct's envirnmental impact thrughut its life cycle instead f n its initial investment r ready t use stage. Fr example, a mtr's initial investment accunts fr nly 3 percent f its life cycle cst, while 94 percent ges t fuel cnsumptin and the rest t maintenance.
Richard Hausmann, Nrth East Asia CEO f Siemens, said：“The clr f future industrializatin is green.”
The Germany Cmpany recently annunces that it wants t receive rders wrth mre than 6 billin Eurs ($8. 8 billin) fr intelligent net pwer netwrks，Smart Grid, ver the next five years. Siemens has set a 20 percent market share target fr the glbal smart grid business.
A smart grid delivers electricity frm suppliers t cnsumers using digital technlgy, advanced sensrs specialized cmputers that save energy, reduce csts and increase reliability. The United States and China are cnsidered the tw biggest markets fr smart grid.
12．The underlined wrd “lag” in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by “________”．
A．fall behind B．be superir t
C．attack D．fear
13．Which f the fllwing abut LCA is TRUE?
A．LCA is used t study the impact n a prduct.
B．LCA can help manufacturing industries decrease carbn release a lt.
C．LCA shws industrial custmers shuld fcus n a prduct's envirnmental influence n its initial investment.
D．LCA was ne f the exhibitins at this year's fair.
14．We can infer frm the last paragraph f this passage that ________.
A．Siemens has ccupied 20 percent market share fr the glbal smart grid business
B．Siemens received rders wrth 6 billin Eurs recently
C．Siemens will earn $8. 8 billin frm intelligent pwer netwrks
D．Siemens' plan abut Smart Grid may cme true in the future
15．The best title fr the passage is ________.
A．Develped and Develping Natins Can Learn frm Each Other
B．Lw­Carbn Ecnmy—a Shared Gal
C．Intelligent Pwer Netwrks
D．Tw Biggest Markets fr Smart Grid
【语篇导读】 发展中国家和发达国家在寻求低碳经济发展上可以互相借鉴，这是他们共同的目标。
12．解析：选A。词义猜测题。根据第二段“China desn't lag develped natins in terms f energy saving and green ecnmy”可知，就节能和绿色经济方面，中国并不落后于发达国家，所以选择A项。
13．解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第七段内容可知，LCA可以帮助生产企业减少碳的排放，所以B项正确。
14．解析：选D。推理判断题。由最后一段可知，“智能电网”不仅可以节能、降低成本，而且还能提高可靠性。美国和中国将成为智能电网最大的市场。综上所述可知，西门子推出的智能电网计划得以实现的可能性很大。故D项正确。
15．解析：选B。标题归纳题。文章第一段表明发展中国家和发达国家在寻求低碳经济发展上可以互相借鉴，这是他们共同的目标。由此可知B项符合。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2017·甘肃河西五市二次联考)If yu are in a crwd, the first and mst imprtant thing is t make yurself familiar with yur surrundings and mentally ntice alternate exits.____1____
Make yurself aware f the type f grund yu are standing n, and knw that in a crwd f mving peple wet r uneven grund can be slippery r hazardus, causing yu t fall.
2____When in danger, a few secnds can make all the difference, giving yu the pssibility f taking advantage f the escape rute. Always stay clser t the escape rute.
If yu find yurself in the middle f a mving crwd, d nt fight against the pressure, d nt stand still r sit dwn，because yu culd easily get trampled.____3____
Take advantage f any space that may pen up t mve sideways t the crwd mvement where the flw is weaker.
Keep yur hands up by yur chest, like a bxer—it gives yu mvement and prtects yur chest.____4____If yu cannt get up because yu are injured, get smene t pull yu back up. If yu have kids, lift them up.
If yu fall and cannt get up, keep mving by crawling in the same directin f the crwd, r if that is nt pssible, then cver yur head with yur arms and curl up int fetal psitin.____5____
A．Be aware f the general atmsphere f the event, as panic situatins can ften be expected.
B．There is always space between peple.
C．D nt lie n yur stmach r back, as this dangerusly expses yur lungs.
D．The wrst is t be pushed by the crwd against an immvable bject.
E．If yu fall, get up quickly.
F．N matter where yu are, make sure yu always knw hw t get ut.
G．Instead, mve in the same directin f the crwd.
【解题导语】 本文主要讲述了怎样在拥挤的人群中保护自己免受伤害。
1．解析：选F。根据空前一句“如果你在人群中，首先最重要的事情是熟悉你周围的环境，注意出口”可知，本处应选F“无论你在哪，(你要)确保知道怎么出去”承接上文。
2．解析：选A。空后一句的“当陷入危险的时候，几秒钟就能产生很大影响”承接A选项中的“as panic situatins can ften be expected”，故选A。
3．解析：选G。根据空前一句“当你发现自己站在人群中间的时候，不要逆着人流走，不要站着不动或坐在那里，因为你很容易被绊倒”可知，应选G。G项“顺着人流的方向前进”承接上文，符合语境。
4．解析：选E。根据空后的“If yu cannt get up...”可知，本处选E “如果你跌倒了，快速地站起来”。
5．解析：选C。根据空前的“用你的手覆盖着你的头，像婴儿一样蜷缩着”可知，本处应选C“不要趴着或躺着，因为这样很容易伤肺”来承接上文。